REFERENCE NOTE

No.60/RN/Ref./Nov/2017

For the use of Members of Parliament NOT FOR PUBLICATION1

GROUND WATER SCENARIO

IN THE COUNTRY

Prepared by Dr. Jayadev Sahu, Additional Director (23035025) and Shri Sai Ram C.V., Junior Library

Assistant of Lok Sabha Secretariat under the supervision of Smt. Kalpana Sharma, Joint Secretary and

Smt. Anita Khanna, Director. reference materia is for personal use of the Members in the discharge of

their Parliamentary duties, and is not for eference materia is for personal use of the Members in the

discharge of their

The Reference Note is for personal use of the Members in the discharge of their Parliamentary duties, and is not for publication. This Service is not to be quoted as the source of information as it is based on the sources indicated at the end/in the text.

MEMBERS' REFERENCE SERVICE

LARRDIS

LOK SABHA SECRETARIAT, NEW DELHI

GROUND WATER SCENARIO IN THE COUNTRY

Introduction

Water is essential for life, living and livelihood. Sustainable development

and efficient management of water is an increasingly complex challenge in

India. Increasing population, growing urbanization and rapid industrialization

combined with the need for raising agricultural production is generating

competing demands for water. Ground water is an annually replenishable

resource but its availability is non-uniform in space and time.1

India has extensive ground water resources and it is the largest user of

ground water globally.2 Technically, dynamic ground water refers to the

quantity of ground water available in the zone of water level fluctuation, which

is replenished annually. Ground water has steadily emerged as the backbone of

India‟s agriculture and drinking water security. Contribution of ground water is

nearly 62 percent in irrigation, 85 percent in rural water supply and 45 percent

in urban water supply.3 It contributes to the base flow in rivers and wetlands and

supports terrestrial vegetation. In arid and semi arid regions, it is often the sole

water supply source. Therefore, ground water plays a crucial role in the

socioeconomic development of the country.

However, India‟s ground water resources are under threat. Intensive and

unregulated pumping has caused a rapid and widespread decline in ground

water levels. Between 1950 and 2010, the number of tube wells drilled has

increased from 1 million to nearly 30 million, representing an unprecedented

scale of development. This explosive ground water use – the so‐ called „silent

revolution‟ – has led to extensive overdraft in several rural areas, including in

the “bread basket” States of the North and the Northeast, as well as in major

urban settings. Falling water tables have, in turn, led to ground water yield

1 Dynamic Ground Water Resources of India, CGWB, June 2017,p.1.

2 National Groundwater Management Improvement Program, Government of India, 2016,p.15.

3 Dynamic Ground, op.cit.,p.1.

2

reductions, pump failure in rural water-supply wells, unreliable urban water

supply, salinization, land subsidence and drying of wetlands, all of which have

direct consequences for the economies, livelihoods and societies that are

dependent on ground water resources.4

Ground Water Resources of India

As per the latest assessment (2013), Annual Replenishable Ground Water

Resource for the entire country has been assessed as 447 billion cubic meter

(bcm). Keeping 36 bcm for natural discharge, the Net Annual Ground Water

Availability for the entire country is 411 bcm.

Monsoon rainfall is the major source of ground water recharge. About 58

percent of the annual replenishable resource i.e. 260 bcm is contributed by

recharge from monsoon rainfall. The overall contribution of rainfall (both

monsoon & non monsoon) to country‟s Annual Replenishable Ground Water

Resources is 67 percent and the share of other sources viz. canal seepage, return

flow from irrigation, recharge from tanks, ponds and water conservation

structures taken together is 33 percent. State-wise ground water resources,

availability, utilization and stage of ground water development of India are

given in Annexure I.

Dynamic Ground Water Resources of India5

Total Annual Replenishable Ground Water Resources 447 bcm

Net Annual Ground Water Availability 411 bcm

Annual Ground Water Draft (Utilization) 253 bcm

Stage of Ground Water Development 62%

Categorization of Assessment Units

(Blocks/ Mandals/ Firka/Taluks)

No. of Assessed Units 6584

Safe 4520 (69%)

Semi Critical 681 (10%)

Critical 253 (4%)

Over-Exploited 1034 (16%)

Saline 96 (1%)

4 National Groundwater, op.cit.,p.15.

5 Dynamic Ground, op.cit.

3

Ground Water Utilization

The Annual Ground Water Draft (Utilization) of the entire country for the

reference year 2013 has been estimated as 253 bcm. Agriculture sector

remained the predominant consumer of ground water resources. About 90

percent of total annual ground water draft i.e. 228 bcm is for irrigation use.

Only 25 bcm is for Domestic and Industrial use which is about 10 percent of the

total draft.

Ground Water Development

The overall stage of ground water development in the country is 62

percent6. The stage of ground water development is very high in the States of

Delhi, Haryana, Punjab and Rajasthan, where it is more than 100 percent, which

implies that in these States the annual ground water consumption is more than

annual ground water recharge. In the States of Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and

UTs of Daman & Diu and Puducherry, the stage of ground water development

is 70 percent and above. In rest of the States / UTs the stage of ground water

development is below 70 percent.

Ground Water Pollution and Depletion

Deteriorating ground water quality is also a significant and growing

problem. Pollution from poor sanitation, mining, industry and agro‐ chemicals

(pesticides and fertilizers) together with naturally occurring contaminants

(arsenic, fluoride and iron) reduce „effective‟ groundwater supply further. In

areas with high ground water tables, poor drainage is contributing to

waterlogging, salinization and alkalinity problems, especially in the States of

Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Punjab and Haryana.7 State-wise details of

contamination of ground water are given in Annexure-II.

6 The stage of ground water development is a ratio of Annual Ground Water Draft and Net Annual

Ground Water Availability in percentage.

7 National Ground, op.cit., p.15.

4

The status of ground water exploitation in the country is being regularly

assessed by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) at the block level

(sub‐ District level also known as taluka or mandal in some States). The details

are given in Annexure-III.

Policy initiatives taken by the Government of India for ground water

management

The National Water Policy (2012) formulated by Ministry of Water

Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation (MoWR, RD &

GR), inter-alia, advocates conservation, promotion and protection of

water and highlights the need for augmenting the availability of water

through rain water harvesting, direct use of rainfall and other

management measures.

Circulation of a Model Bill, by the Ministry of Water Resources, RD &

GW, to all the States/UTs to enable them to enact suitable ground water

legislation for its regulation and development which includes provision of

rain water harvesting.

Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) has prepared a conceptual

document entitled “Master Plan for Artificial Recharge to Ground Water

in India” during 2013, involving ground water scientists/experts. The

Master Plan envisages construction of 1.11 crore rain water harvesting

and artificial recharge structures in the Country at an estimated cost of

Rs.79,178 crores to harness 85 BCM (Billion Cubic Metre) of water. The

augmented ground water resources will enhance the availability of water

for drinking, domestic, industrial and irrigation purpose. The Master Plan

has been circulated to all State Governments for implementation.

The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has suggested all States to

adopt water conservation measures like roof top rainwater harvesting,

erecting sustainability structures for water conservation, etc. For creating

such sustainability structures, 10 percent of National Rural Drinking

Water Programme (NRDWP) funds are provided to the States.

Department of Land Resources is currently implementing 8214 watershed

development projects in 28 States covering an area of about 39.07 million

ha. under the Watershed Development Component (WDC) of the Pradhan

Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) principally for development

of rainfed portions of net cultivated area and culturable wastelands. The

5

major activities taken up under the WDC-PMKSY, inter-alia, include

ridge area treatment, drainage line afforestation, soil and moisture

conservation, rain water harvesting, horticulture, and pasture

development, etc.

The Ministry of Rural Development in consultation and agreement with

the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga

Rejuvenation and the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers‟ Welfare has

issued „Mission Water Conservation Guidelines‟ to be implemented by

all the States for scientific planning and execution of water management

works with the use of latest technology. The thrust is on Planning and

Monitoring Framework for Natural Resource Management (NRM)

related works under MGNREGA in convergence with Pradhan Mantri

Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY), Integrated Watershed Programme

(IWMP) and Command Area and Water Management (CAD&WM)

schemes. This will lead to better outcomes of water conservation and

water harvesting measures.

Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) has been constituted under the

Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 for the purpose of regulation and

control of ground water development and management in the country. So

far, CGWA has notified 162 areas in the country for the purpose of

regulation of ground water.

CGWA has issued advisories to States and UTs to take measures to

promote/adopt artificial recharge to ground water / rain water harvesting.

30 States/UTs have made rain water harvesting mandatory by enacting

laws or by formulating rules & regulations or by including provisions in

Building bye-laws or through suitable Government Orders.

CGWB has taken up Aquifer Mapping and Management programme

during XII Plan, under the scheme of Ground Water Management and

Regulation. The Aquifer Mapping is aimed to delineate aquifer

disposition and their characterization for preparation of aquifer/area

specific ground water management plans, with community participation.

Ministry of Water Resources, RD & GR has also launched Jal Kranti

Abhiyan (2015-16 to 2017-18) in order to consolidate water conservation

and management in the country through a holistic and integrated

approach involving all stakeholders, making it a mass movement.8

8 Reply to Lok Sabha Unstarred Question No.3915, dated 10 August 2017.

6

Improvement of Ground Water Level

As per latest Ground Water Resource Assessment (2013), carried out

jointly by Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) and State Governments

published on June 2017 states that, there is no change in the overall stage of

ground water development from 2011 to 2013. The over-exploited areas are

mostly concentrated in three parts of the country:(i) northwestern part of the

country including parts of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and Western Uttar Pradesh

where though replenishable resources is abundant, there have been

indiscriminate withdrawals of ground water leading to over-exploitation; (ii)

western part of the country, particularly in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat where

due to arid climate, ground water recharge itself is limited leading to stress on

the resource and (iii) southern part of peninsular India including parts of

Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana and Tamil Nadu where due to poor

aquifer properties, ground water availability is low. In some areas of the

country, good continuous rainfall and management practices like ground water

augmentation and conservation measures through government and private

initiatives have resulted in improvement in ground water situation. State-wise

summary of assessment units improved & deteriorated from 2011 to 2013

assessment is given in Annexure-IV.

Sources Consulted

1.Dynamic Ground Water Resources of India, Central Ground Water

Board, Government of India, June 2017.

2.The National Ground Water Management Improvement Program, The

World Bank, Government of India, 2016.

3.Reply to Lok Sabha Questions.

Annexure-I

STATE-WISE GROUND WATER RESOURCES AVAILABILITY, UTILIZATION AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT

INDIA (As on 31st March 2013)

(in bcm)

Sl.

No.

States / Union

Territories

Annual Replenishable Ground Water Resource

Natural

Discharge

during non-

monsoon

season

Net Annual

Ground

Water

Availability

Annual Ground Water Draft

Projected

demand for

Domestic

and

Industrial

uses upto

2025

Ground

Water

Availability

for future

irrigation

use

Stage of

Ground

Water

Developme nt

(%)

Monsoon Season Non-monsoon Season

Total Irrigation

Domestic

and

industrial

uses Total

Recharge

from rainfall

Recharge

from other

sources

Recharge

from rainfall

Recharge

from other

sources

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

States 1 Andhra Pradesh 8.97 4.25 3.21 3.97 20.39 1.91 18.48 7.29 0.81 8.10 1.64 10.21 44

2 Arunachal

Pradesh

3.340 0.0003 1.092 0.001 4.433 0.443 3.990 0.002 0.007 0.01 0.020 3.967 0.23

3 Assam 20.56 1.82 9.22 0.49 32.11 3.21 28.90 4.06 0.68 4.74 0.84 24.00 16

4 Bihar 20.66 3.48 3.36 3.81 31.31 2.82 28.49 10.36 2.37 12.73 0.60 17.52 45

5 Chhattisgarh 10.11 0.76 0.87 1.06 12.80 0.90 11.90 3.76 0.64 4.40 0.76 7.38 37

6 Delhi 0.09 0.02 0.014 0.22 0.34 0.03 0.31 0.14 0.25 0.39 0.25 0.02 127

7 Goa 0.15 0.011 0.01 0.08 0.24 0.10 0.15 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.09 37

8 Gujarat 13.93 3.22 0.00 3.71 20.85 1.07 19.79 12.30 1.14 13.44 1.46 6.77 68

9 Haryana 3.62 3.10 1.03 3.60 11.36 1.06 10.30 13.32 0.60 13.92 0.56 -3.58 135

10 Himachal

Pradesh

0.40 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.56 0.03 0.53 0.16 0.11 0.27 0.07 0.30 51

11 Jammu &

Kashmir

1.22 2.69 0.79 0.55 5.25 0.43 4.82 0.20 0.98 1.18 1.07 3.55 24

12 Jharkhand 5.61 0.06 0.73 0.16 6.56 0.57 5.99 0.63 0.72 1.35 0.17 5.19 23

13 Karnataka 6.74 4.18 2.67 3.40 17.00 2.16 14.83 8.76 0.99 9.76 1.49 5.55 66

14 Kerala 4.51 0.04 0.59 1.13 6.27 0.60 5.66 1.18 1.45 2.63 1.55 2.93 47

15 Madhya

Pradesh

28.59 1.27 0.82 5.30 35.98 1.82 34.16 17.95 1.41 19.36 2.35 13.86 57

16 Maharashtra 21.96 1.64 1.83 7.76 33.19 1.71 31.48 15.93 1.14 17.07 2.21 13.72 54

17 Manipur 0.244 0.010 0.201 0.019 0.474 0.047 0.426 0.004 0.001 0.004 0.049 0.374 1.01

18 Meghalaya 3.05 0.00 0.15 0.107 3.31 0.33 2.98 0.0080 0.0040 0.0120 0.207 2.76 0.4

19 Mizoram 0.02899 Negligible 0.01042 Negligible 0.03942 0.00394 0.03548 0 0.00104 0.00104 0.00238 0.0331 2.9

20 Nagaland 1.30 0 0.64 0 1.94 0.194 1.75 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.01 1.74 2.0

21 Odisha 11.29 2.53 1.33 2.63 17.78 1.09 16.69 4.14 0.87 5.02 1.35 11.20 30

22 Punjab 5.75 13.21 1.32 5.64 25.91 2.52 23.39 34.05 0.77 34.81 0.97 -11.63 149

23 Rajasthan 9.06 0.69 0.27 2.49 12.51 1.26 11.26 13.79 1.92 15.71 2.32 0.90 140

24 Sikkim - - - - - - - - - - - - -

25 Tamil Nadu 7.12 9.87 1.52 2.15 20.65 2.07 18.59 12.98 1.38 14.36 1.53 4.08 77

26 Telangana 8.13 2.12 1.65 2.84 14.74 1.35 13.39 7.00 0.76 7.77 1.55 4.83 58

27 Tripura 1.141 0.000 0.738 0.593 2.471 0.202 2.269 0.093 0.072 0.165 0.200 1.976 7.3

28 Uttar Pradesh 41.97 11.52 4.60 18.25 76.34 4.75 71.58 48.35 4.41 52.76 6.44 19.01 74

29 Uttarakhand 1.10 0.22 0.24 0.43 2.00 0.03 1.97 0.84 0.15 0.99 0.30 0.82 50

30 West Bengal 18.71 5.26 1.51 3.85 29.33 2.77 26.56 10.84 1.00 11.84 1.53 14.19 45

Total States 259.33 72.00 40.53 74.28 446.14 35.49 410.65 228.16 24.71 252.87 31.54 161.76 62

Union

Territories

1 Andaman &

Nicobar 0.38 0.04 0.0002 0.00005 0.420 0.0420 0.378 0.0001 0.0035 0.0037 0.016 0.361 1

2 Chandigarh 0.015 0.0004 0.005 0.001 0.022 0.0022 0.0194 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 Dadara & Nagar

Haveli

0.054 0.002 0.010 0.004 0.070 0.007 0.063 0.008 0.013 0.020 0.014 0.042 32

4 Daman & Diu 0.012 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.015 0.001 0.014 0.008 0.002 0.010 0.003 0.003 70

5 Lakshdweep 0 0 0 0 0.01055 0.00704 0.00350 0.00000 0.00237 0.00237 0 0 68

6 Puducherry 0.095 0.060 0.009 0.028 0.193 0.019 0.174 0.124 0.029 0.153 0.047 0.053 88

Total UTs 0.56 0.10 0.024 0.035 0.73 0.08 0.65 0.139 0.050 0.189 0.08 0.46 29

Grand Total

259.89 72.10 40.55 74.32 446.87 35.56 411.30 228.30 24.76 253.06 31.62 162.22 62

Annexure-II

States-wise Districts affected with Ground Water Contamination by different Chemical

Constituents

S. State/ UT Salinity (EC above 3000 Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron

No. micro mhos/ cm) ( above 1.5 mg/l) (above 45 mg/l) (above 0.01 mg/l) (above 1mg/l )

(EC : Electrical

Conductivity)

1 Andhra Srikakulam, Visa khapatnam, Srikakulam, Guntur, Kurnool, Vishakhapatnam

Pradesh Visakhapatnam, East- West-Godavari Vizianagaram, Nellore Krishna,

Godavari, West-Godavari Krishna, Visa khapatnam, Guntur,

Krishna, Guntur, East-Godavari, Nellore,

Guntur, Prakasam, West-Godavari Kurnool,

Prakasam, Nellore, Krishna, Guntur, Chittoor,

Nellore, Chittoor Prakasam, Nellore, Cuddapah,

Kadapa, Kadapa, Chittoor Kadapa,

Kurnool, Ananthapur Kurnool, Ananthapur, Kurnool, Ananthapur,

Sirkakulam

2 Telangana Adilabad, Nizamabad, Adilabad, Karimnagar, Adilabad, Nalgonda Adilabad,

Karimnagar, Warangal Khammam, Warangal, Nizamabad, Hyderabad,

Khammam, Medak, Mahabubnagar, Medak, Karimnagar, Karimnagar,

Mehboob Nagar, Nalgonda, Rangareddy, Warangal Mahabubnagar,

Nalgonda Nizamabad Khammam, Medak,

Hyderabad, Nalgonda,

Mahabubnagar, Nizamabad,

Medak, Nalgonda, Ranga Reddy

Rangareddy,

3 Assam Goalpara, Kamrup, Sivsagar, Jorhat, Cachar, Darrang,

KarbiAnglong, Golaghat, Sonitpur, Dhemaji, Dhubri,

Naugaon, Golaghat, Lakhimpur, Goalpara,

Karimganj Dhemaji, Golaghat,

Hailakandi, Hailakandi,

Karimganj, Cachar, Jorhat, Kamrup,

Barpeta, KarbiAnglong,

Bongaigaon, Karimganj,

Goalpara, Dhubri, Kokrajhar,

Nalbari, Nagaon, Lakhimpur,

Morigaon, Morigaon,

Kamrup,Darrang& Nagaon, Nalbari,

Baksha Sibsagar,

Sonitpur

4 Arunachal Changlang , East

Pradesh Siang, Lohit,

Papumpare

5 Bihar Aurangabad, Banka, Aurangabad, Banka, Begusarai, Aurangabad,

Bhagalpur, Gaya, Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Bhagalpur, Bhojpur, Begusarai,

Jamui, Kaimur( Darbhanga, Buxar, Darbhanga, Bhojpur, Buxar,

Bhabua), Munger, Kaimur(Bhabua), Katihar, Khagaria, East Champaran,

Nawada, Rohtas, Patna, Rohtas, Saran, Kishanganj, Gopalganj,

Jahanabd, Lakhisarai, Siwan Lakhisarai, Munger, Katihar,

Sheikhpura, Nalanda Patna, Purnea, Khagaria,

Samastipur, Saran, Kishanganj,

Vaishali Lakhiserai,

E.Champaran, Madhepura,

Muzaffarpur,

Gopalganj,

Nawada, Rohtas,

Lohardaga,

Saharsa,

Madhepura,

Samastipur,

Muzaffarpur Siwan, Supaul,

West Champaran

Saharsa, Siwan, W

Champaran

S. State/ UT Salinity (EC above 3000 Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron No. micro mhos/ cm) ( above 1.5 mg/l) (above 45 mg/l) (above 0.01 mg/l) (above 1mg/l )

(EC : Electrical

Conductivity)

6 Chhattisga Bastar, Balod , Bastar, Bilaspur, Rajnandgaon Bastar, rh Balrampur, Bemetra, Dantewada, Dantewada, Bijapur , Durg, Kanker, Dhamtari, Jashpur, Kanker, Koriya, Kondagaon, Korba, Kanker, Kawardha,

Koriya, Raigarh, Korba, Mahasamund,

Surajpur, Surguja Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon

7 Delhi New Delhi, North , South, East Delhi, New Delhi, East Delhi, Central East, North east

East, West, North West, North West Delhi, South Delhi, New Delhi,

South West Delhi, South West North Delhi, North Delhi, North Delhi, West Delhi, South

West Delhi Delhi, South West

Delhi, West Delhi

8 Goa North Goa ,

South Goa 9 Gujarat Ahmedabad, Amreli, Ahmedabad, Amreli, Ahmedabad, Amreli, Amreli, Anand, Ahmedabad,

Anand, Banaskantha, Anand, Banaskantha, Anand, Banaskantha, Bharuch, Banaskantha, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Bharuch, Bhavnagar, Bhavnagar, Dahod, Bhavnagar, Dahod, Jamnagar, Dahod, Gandhinagar, Dahod, Jamnagar, Gandhinagar, Kachchh, Junagadh, Kachchh, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Junagadh, Kachchh, Kachchh, Mehesana,Narma Kheda, Mahesana, Kachchh, Mehesana, Kheda, Mehesana, Mehesana, Patan, da Navsari, Patan, Panchmahals, Patan, Narmada, Navsari, Rajkot,

Porbandar, Rajkot, Porbandar, Rajkot, Panchmahals, Patan, Surendranagar,

Sabarkantha, Surat, Sabarkantha, Porbandar, Rajkot, Vadodara

Surendranagar, Vadodara, Surendranagar, Sabarkantha, Surat,

Narmada Vadodara Surendranagar,

Vadodara

10 Haryana Ambala, Bhiwani, Ambali, Bhiwani, Ambala, Bhiwani, Ambala, Bhiwani, Ambala,

Faridabad, Gurgaon, Fatehabad, Faridabad, Faridabad, Faridabad, Bhiwani, Hissar, Jhajjar, Jind, Gurgaon, Hissar, Jhajjar, Fatehabad, Gurgaon, Fatehabad, Hissar, Faridabad, Kaithal, Karnal, Jind, Kaithal, Karnal, Hissar, Jhajjar, Jind, Jhajjar, Jind, Fatehabad, Mohendragarh, Panipat, Kurukshetra, Kaithal, Karnal, Karnal, Panipat, Gurgaon, Hissar, Rewari, Rohtak, Sirsa, Mahendergarh, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Sirsa, Jhajjar, Jind, Sonepat Panchkula, Mahendargarh, Sonepat, Kaithal, Karnal, Palwal,Panipat, Rewari, Panchkula, Panipat, Yamunanagar, Kurukshetra, Rohtak, Sirsa, Sonepat, Rewari, Rohtak, Mahendergarh, Mahendargarh, Yamuna Nagar Sirsa, Sonipat, Palwal Panipat, Rohtak, Yamuna Nagar Sirsa, Sonipat, Yamuna Nagar

11 Himachal Una, Solan, Kangra

Pradesh Hamirpur, Kangra,

Mandi, Kullu

12 Jammu & Jammu, Kathua Jammu, Kathua, Jammu, Kathua, Baramulla, Kashmir Anantnag, Kupwara Rajouri Budgam, Kathua, Kupwara, Pulwama, Srinagar

13 Jharkhand Bokaro, Dhanbad, Chatra, Garhwa, Sahebganj Chatra, Deoghar, Garhwa,Giridih, Godda, Godda, Gumla, East Singhbhum, Gumla, Koderma, Pakur Lohardaga, Pakur, Giridih, Ranchi, Palamu, Ranchi, , Palamu, West Singhbhum Sahebganj, Khunti PaschimiSinghbhum,

PurbiSinghbhum,

Ranchi, Sahibganj

14 Karnataka Bagalkote, Bangalore- Bagalkot, Bagalkot, , Raichur and Yadgir Bagalkot, Rural, Bangalore-Urban, Bangalore(Rural), Bangalore, Belgaum, district Bangalore, Belgaum, Bellary, Bangalore(Urban),Belga Bellary, Bidar, Belgaum, Bijapur, Chamarajnagara, um, Bellary, Bidar, Bijapur, Bellary, Bidar, Chikballapur, Bijapur, Chikaballapur Chikmagalur, Bijapur, Chikmagalur, Chamarajanagar, Chitradurga, Chikmagalur, Chitradurga, Dakshina Chikmagalur, Davanagere, Chitradurga, Kannada, Davanagere, Chitradurga, Dharwad, Gadag, Dakshina Dharwad, Gadag, Davanagere, Dharwad, Gulburga, Hassan, Kannada, Gulburga, Hassan, Dakshina Kannada, Haveri, Kodagu, Davanagere,

S. State/ UT Salinity (EC above 3000 Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron No. micro mhos/ cm) ( above 1.5 mg/l) (above 45 mg/l) (above 0.01 mg/l) (above 1mg/l )

(EC : Electrical

Conductivity)

Haveri, Kodagu/ Coorg, Gadag, Gulburga, Kolar, Koppal, Gulburga, Kolar, Koppal, Mandya, Hassan, Haveri, Kolar, Mandya, Raichur. Hassan, Haveri, Mysore, Raichur, Koppal, Mandya, Shimoga, Udupi, Kodagu, Kolar, Ramanagara, Shimoga, Mysore, Raichur, Uttar Kannada Koppal, Mysore, Tumkur, Udupi, Uttara Ramnagara , Shimoga, Raichur, Kannada, Yadgir Tumkur, Yadgir, Uttara Shimoga, Kannada, Udupi Tumkur, Udupi, Uttar Kannada

15 Kerala Trivandrum, Kollam, Palakkad, Alappuzha, Alappuzha, Idukki, Alappuzha, Kottayam, Ernakulam Idukki, Ernakulum, Kollam, Kottayam, Ernakulam, Thiruvananthpuram Kozhikode, Idukki, Kannur, Malappuram, Kasaragod, Palakkad, Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Kottayam, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikode, Thrissur, Wayanad Malappuram, Palakkad, Pathanamthitta, Quilon, Thiruvananthapur am, Thrissur, Wayanad

16 Madhya Balaghat, Alirajpur, Balaghat, Alirajpur, Anuppur, Betual,Burhanpur, Balaghat,Barwani Pradesh Bhind,Chhatarpur, Barwani, Betul, Bhind, Ashok Nagar, Chhindwara, Dhar, , Betul, Bhind, Gwalior, Indore, Jhabua, Bhopal,Chhatarpur, Balaghat, Barwani, Khandwa, Bhopal, Khargone, Morena, Chhindwara, Datia, Betul, Bhind, Bhopal, Mandsaur, Chhatarpur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Rewa, Dewas, Dhar, Dindori, Burhanpur, Neemuch, Umaria Chhindwara, Satna,Sehore, Sheopur, Guna, Gwalior, Harda, Chhatarpur, Damoh, Datia, Shivpuri, Ujjain Jabalpur, Jhabua, Chhindwara, Damoh, Dewas, Dhar, Khargon, Mandla, Datia, Dewas, Dhar, , Dindori, Guna, Mandsaur, Morena, Dindori,Guna, Gwalior, Narsinhpur, Neemuch, Gwalior, Harda, Hoshangabad, Panna, Raisen, Rajgarh, Hoshangabad, Indore, Jabalpur, Ratlam, Sagar, Satna, Indore, Jabalpur, Jhabua, Sehore, Seoni, Shahdol, Jhabua, Khandwa, Khandwa, Katni, Shajapur, Sheopur, Khargon, Katni, Mandla, Sidhi, Shivpuri, Mandla, Mandsaur, Mandsaur, Singrauli, Uajjain, Morena, Narsinghpur, Vidisha Narsimhapur, Neemuch, Panna, Neemuch, Panna, Raisen, Raisen, Rajgarh, Rajgarh,Ratlam, Ratlam, Rewa, Sagar, Rewa, Sagar, Satna, Sehore, Seoni, Satna, Sehore, Shahdol, Shajapur, Seoni, Shahdol, Sheopur, Shivpuri, Shajapur,Shivpur Sidhi, Singrauli, i, Tikamgarh, Ujjain, Sidhi,Tikamgarh, Umaria, Vidisha Ujjain, Umaria, Vidisha, East Nimar

17 Maharasht Ahmednagar, Akola, Ahmednagar, Beed, Ahmednagar, Akola, Ahmednagar, ra Amravati, Aurangabad, Chandrapur, Bhandara, Amravati, Amravati, Beed, Beed, Dhule, Gadchiroli, Auragabad, Beed, Buldana, Bhandara,Buldhana, Gondia, Jalna, Nagpur, Bhandara, Buldana, Chandrapur, Chandrapur,Dhule,Jalgao Nanded, Ratnagiri, Chandrapur, Dhule, Dhule, n, Jalna, Nagpur, Nasik, Sangli, Satara, Gadchiroli, Gondia, Gadchiroli, Jalna, Pune,Raigard, Sindhudurg, Solapur, Hingoli, Jalgaon, Kohlapur, Latur, Sangli,Satara, Solapur, Wardha,Yavatmal Jalna, Kolhapur, Nandurbar, Thane,Yavatmal Latur, Mumbai, Nashik, Nagpur, Nanded, Osmanabad, Nandurbar, Nasik, Parbhani, Osmanabad, Ratnagiri, Satara, Parbhani, Pune, Thane, Wardha, Sangli, Satara, Washim, Solapur, Wardha, Yavatmal Washim, Yavatmal

18 Manipur Bishnupur, Thoubal Bishnupur, Thoubal

S. State/ UT Salinity (EC above 3000 Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron No. micro mhos/ cm) ( above 1.5 mg/l) (above 45 mg/l) (above 0.01 mg/l) (above 1mg/l )

(EC : Electrical

Conductivity)

19 Meghalaya East Garo Hills, East Khasi Hills, Jaintia Hills

20 Nagaland Dimapur

21 Odisha Balasore, Bhadrak, Angul, Balasore, Angul, Balasore, Gajapati Balasore, Ganjam, Jagatsingpur, Bhadrak,Bargarh Bargarh, Bhadrak, Bargarh, Jajpur, Kendrapara, Puri Bolangir, Boudh, Bolangir, Baudh, Bhadrak, Cuttack, Deogarh Cuttack, Deogarh, Cuttack, Dhenkanal, Jajpur, Dhenkanal, Gajapati, Deogarh, Kandhamal ,Keonjhar, Ganjam, J.Singhpur, J.Singhpur, Khurda, Mayurbhanj, Jajpur, Jharsuguda, Jajpur, Nayagarh, Nawapara, Kalahandi, Jharsuguda, Ganjam, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara, Kalahandi, Kalahandi, Koraput, Keonjhar, Khurda, Kandmahal, Puri, Rayagada, Koraput, Malkangiri, Keonjhar, Sambalpur, Sonepur, Mayurbhanj, Kendrapara,Khur Sundargarh Nawapada, da, Koraput, Nayagarh, Phulbani, Mayurbhanj, Puri, Sambalpur, Nayagarh, Puri, Sundergarh, Sonpur Rayagada, Sambalpur, Sundergarh, Sonpur

22 Punjab Bhatinda, Faridkot, Amritsar, Barnala, Amritsar, Barnala, Mansa, Amritsar, Bhathinda, Ferozpur, Gurudaspur, Bhatinda, Fazilka, Bhatinda, Faridkot, Gurdaspur, Faridkot, Mansa, Moga, Muktsar Faridkot, Fatehgarh Fatehgarh Sahib, Hoshiarpur, Fatehgarh Sahib, Patiala, Sangrur Sahib, Firozpur, Firozpur, Gurdaspur, Kapurthala, Ropar, Firozpur, Gurdaspur, Jalandhar, Hoshiarpur, Faridkot, Gurdaspur, Ludhiana, Mansa, Jalandhar, Nawashahar, Hoshiarpur, Moga, Muktsar, Kapurthala, Sangrur, Taran Mansa, Pathankot, Patiala, Ludhiana, Mansa, Taran Rupnagar, Ropar, Sangrur, SAS Moga, Muktsar, Sangrur Nagar (Mohali), Tarn- NawanShahr, Patiala,

Taran Ropar, Rupnagar,

Sangrur, Tarn-Taran

23 Rajasthan Ajmer, Alwar, Baran, Ajmer, Alwar, Ajmer, Alwar, Ganganagar Ajmer, Alwar,

Barmer, Bharatpur, Banswara, Barmer, Banswara, Baran, Banswara, Baran, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bundi, Bharatpur, Baran, Barmer, Barmer, Chittorgarh, Churu, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bundi,Bharatpur, Bharatpur, Dausa, Dhaulpur, Bundi, Chittaurgarh, Bhilwara, Bikaner, Bhilwara, Ganganagar, Churu, Dausa, Chittaurgarh, Churu, Bikaner, Bundi, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Dhaulpur, Dungarpur, Dausa, Dhaulpur, Chittaurgarh, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Ganganagar, Dungarpur, Churu, Dausa, Jhalawar, Jhunjhunu, Hanumangarh, Jaipur, Ganganagar, Dhaulpur, Jodhpur, Karauli, Kota, Jaisalmer, Jalore, Hanumangarh, Dungarpur, Nagaur, Pali, Jhalawar Jhunjhunu, Jaipur, Jaisalmer, Ganganagar, Rajasamand, Sawai- Jodhpur, Karauli, Kota, Jalore, Jhalawar, Hanumangarh, Madhopur, Sikar, Sirohi, Nagaur, Pali, Jhunjhunu, Jodhpur, Jaipur, Tonk, Udaipur Pratapgarh, Rajsamand, Karauli, Kota, Jaisalmer,Jalore, Sirohi, Sikar, Sawai Nagaur, Pali, Jhalawar, Madhopur, Tonk, Partapgarh, Jhunjhunu, Udaipur Rajasamand, Sirohi, Jodhpur, Karauli, Sikar, Kota, Nagaur, SwaiMadhopur, Pali, Pratapgarh, Tonk, Udaipur Rajsamand, Sikar, SawaiMadhopur, Sirohi, Tonk, Udaipur

24 Tamil Chennai, Coimbatore, Coimbatore, Chennai, Ariyalur Namakkal, Salem Nadu Cuddalore, Dharampuri, Dharmapuri, Dindigul, Coimbatore, Cuddalore,

Dindigul, Kancheepuram, Erode, Karur, Cuddalore, Nagapattinam,

Karur, Nagapattinam, Kancheepuram, Dharmapuri, Ramnathapuram,

Namakkal, Perambalur, Krishnagiri, Namakkal, Dindigul, Erode, Tiruvallur,

Pudukkottai, Madurai, Puddukotai, Kancheepuram, Tirunelveli,

Ramnathapuram, Salem, Ramanathanpuram, Kanyakumari, Karur, Thiruvarur,

Sivaganga, Thanjavur, Salem, Sivagangai, Madurai, Namakkal, Trichchirappalli,

S. State/ UT Salinity (EC above 3000 Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron No. micro mhos/ cm) ( above 1.5 mg/l) (above 45 mg/l) (above 0.01 mg/l) (above 1mg/l )

(EC : Electrical

Conductivity)

Theni, Thiruvallur, Theni, Nilgiris, Perambalor, Tuticorin

Tirunelveli, Thiruvannamalai, Puddukotai,

Trichchirappalli, Tiruchirapally, Ramanathanpuram, Tuticorin, Vellore, Thirunelveli, Tirupur Salem, Sivagangai,

Villupuram, Virudhunagar Vellore, Theni,

Thiruvannamalai, Thanjavur,

Tirunelveli,

Thiruvallur, Trichy, Tuticorin, Vellore,

Villupuram,

Virudhunagar

25 Tripura Dhalai, North Tripura, South Tripura, West Tripura

26 Uttar Pradesh

Agra, Aligarh, Firozabad, Hamirpur, Kashganj,Kanpur Nagar, Mathura, Rae Bareli,Unnao

Agra, Aligarh, Allahabad ,Auraiya, Banda ,Bulandshahar ,Etah,Etawah,, Farrukhabad, Fatehpur, , Firozabad, G B Nagar, Ghaziabad, Hathras,Jaunpur, Kannauj , Kanpur Nagar, Kasganj (Kashiram Nagar), Lalitpur, Mahoba, Mainpuri, Mathura, Maunath Bhanjan, Pratapgarh, Rai Bareli, Shajahanpur, Sonbhadra, Sultanpur, Varanasi and Unnao

Agra, Aligarh, Allahabad, Ambedkar Nagar, Auraiya, Azamgarh, Badaun, Baghpat, Balrampur, Banda, Barabanki, Bareilly, Basti, Bijnor, Bulandsahr, Chitrakoot, Etah, Fatehpur, Firozabad, GB Nagar, Ghaziabad, Ghazipur, Hamirpur, Hardoi, Hathras, Jaunpur, Jhansi, Kannauj, Kanpur Dehat, Lakhimpur, Mahoba, Mathura, Meerut, Mau, Moradabad, Muzaffarnagar, Mirzapur, Raebarelli, SantRavidas Nagar, Shajahanpur, Sitapur, Sonbhadra, Sultanpur, Shravasti, Siddarth Nagar, Unnao

Bahraich, Balia, Balrampur, Bareilly, Basti, Bijnor, Chandauli, Ghazipur, Gonda, Gorakhpur, LakhimpurKheri, Meerut, Mirzapur, Muradabad, Rai Bareilly, SantKabir Nagar, Shajahanpur, Siddarthnagar, SantRavidasNagar, Unnao, Azamgarh, Bahraich, Badaun, Deoria, Jhansi, Kausambi, Kushinagar, Pilibhit, Maunath Bhanjan

Azamgarh, Ballia, Balrampur, Etawah, Fatehpur, Gazipur, Gonda, Hardoi, KanpurDehat, Kanpur Nagar, Lakhimpur, Lalitpur, Mau, Siddartnagar, Unnao

27 Uttarakh

and Dehradun, Haridwar,

Udhamsinhnagar

28 West

Bengal Howrah, N 24 Parganas, PurbaMedinipore, S 24 Parganas

Bankura, Birbhum, Dakshindinajpur, Malda, Purulia, Uttardinajpur, South 24 Praganas

Bankura, Bardhaman

Bardhaman, Hooghly, Howrah, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, N-24 Parganas, S- 24 Parganas, Kochbihar

Bankura, Bardhaman, Birbhum, Dakhindinajpur, E. Midnapur, Howrah, Hugli, Jalpaiguri, Kolkatta, Murshidabad, N- 24 Parganas, Nadia, S-24 Parganas, Uttardinajpur, West Midnapur

29 Andaman & Nicobar

Andaman

30 Daman & Diu

Diu

Total 212 districts in 15

states

335 districts in 20

states

387 districts in 21

states

153 districts in 21

states & UTs

302 districts in

25 states and 1

UT

Annexure-III

Status of groundwater - Blocks/ Mandals/ Taluks (2013)

Sl.

No.

States / Union

Territories

Total No. of

Assessed

Units

Safe Semi-critical Critical Over-exploited Saline

Nos. % Nos. % Nos. % Nos. % Nos. %

States

1 Andhra Pradesh 670 497 74 54 8 17 3 61 9 41 6

2 Arunachal Pradesh 11 11 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 Assam 27 27 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Bihar 534 520 97 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

5 Chhattisgarh 146 125 86 18 12 2 1 1 1 0 0

6 Delhi 27 5 19 7 26 0 0 15 56 0 0

7 Goa 12 12 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

8 Gujarat 223 175 78 9 4 6 3 23 10 10 4

9 Haryana 119 30 25 11 9 14 12 64 54 0 0

10 Himachal Pradesh 8 6 75 0 0 1 13 1 13 0 0

11 Jammu & Kashmir 22 22 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

12 Jharkhand 260 244 94 10 4 2 1 4 2 0 0

13 Karnataka 176 98 56 21 12 14 8 43 24 0 0

14 Kerala 152 131 86 18 12 2 1 1 1 0 0

15 Madhya Pradesh 313 228 73 58 19 2 1 25 8 0 0

16 Maharashtra 353 324 92 19 5 1 0 9 3 0 0

17 Manipur 9 9 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

18 Meghalaya 11 11 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

19 Mizoram 22 22 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

20 Nagaland 11 11 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

21 Odisha 314 308 98 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 2

22 Punjab 138 26 19 3 2 4 3 105 76 0 0

23 Rajasthan 248 44 18 28 11 9 4 164 66 3 1

24 Sikkim - - - - - - - - - - -

25 Tamil Nadu 1139 429 38 212 19 105 9 358 31 35 3

26 Telangana 443 311 70 74 17 12 3 46 10 0 0

27 Tripura 39 39 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

28 Uttar Pradesh 820 603 74 45 5 59 7 113 14 0 0

29 Uttarakhand 18 16 89 1 6 1 6 0 0 0 0

30 West Bengal 268 191 71 76 28 1 0 0 0 0 0

All States 6533 4475 68 678 10 252 4 1033 16 95 1

Union Territories

1 Andaman & Nicobar 34 34 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 Chandigarh 1 1 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

3 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 1 1 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

4 Daman & Diu 2 1 50 0 0 1 50 0 0 0 0

5 Lakshdweep 9 6 67 3 33 0 0 0 0 0 0

6 Puducherry 4 2 50 0 0 0 0 1 25 1 25

All UTs 51 45 88 3 6 1 2 1 2 1 2

Annexure-IV

STATE-WISE SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT UNITS IMPROVED & DETERIORATED

FROM 2011 TO 2013 ASSESSMENT

Sl.No State/UT Improved Deteriorated No Change 1 Andhra Pradesh 9 70 576

2 Arunachal Pradesh 0 0 11

3 Assam 0 0 27

4 Bihar 3 5 525

5 Chattisgarh 0 0 146

6 Delhi 9 4 14

7 Goa 0 0 12

8 Gujarat 5 0 218

9 Haryana 27 11 77

10 Himachal Pradesh 1 0 7

11 Jammu & Kashmir 0 0 14

12 Jharkhand 5 6 196

13 Karnataka* - - -

14 Kerala 11 6 135

15 Madhya Pradesh 13 2 298

16 Maharashtra 5 5 343

17 Manipur 0 0 8

18 Meghalaya 0 0 7

19 Mizoram 0 0 22

20 Nagaland 0 0 8

21 Odisha 0 0 309

22 Punjab 11 3 124

23 Rajasthan 39 9 193

24 Sikkim - - -

25 Tamil Nadu 82 108 935

26 Telangana 27 63 353

27 Tripura 0 0 39

28 Uttar Pradesh 87 31 704

29 Uttarakhand 6 1 11

30 West Bengal 1 24 243 State Total 341 348 5555 Union Territories

1 Andaman & Nicobar 0 0 34

2 Chandigarh 0 0 1

3 Dadra & Nagar Haveli 0 0 1

4 Daman & Diu 2 0 0

5 Lakshdweep 0 1 8

6 Puducherry 0 0 4 UTs Total 2 1 48 Grand Total 343 349 5603

*Karnataka: In 2011, the Ground water Resources assesment was carried out with Command and Non

Command areas as Assessment Units. However, during 2013 assessment the same has been done Taluk

wise. Therefore, comparison of categorization of Assessment units could not be made.