70 years of RN effectiveness: A scoping review to build a comprehensive

database of evidence

Reference List

Prepared by: Zainab Lulat, RN, MN

Anastasia Harripaul-Yhap, RN, MSc(A) Tasha Penney, RN, MN, CPMHN(C) Julie Blain-McLeod, RN, BScN, MA

Michelle Rey, MSc, PhD

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In a collaborative project between the RNAO IABPG Research Team and the Policy Department,

a scoping review was conducted in order to create a comprehensive electronic database of

Registered Nurse (RN) effectiveness. The database includes studies exploring the effectiveness

of RNs on clinical/patient outcomes, organizational/nurse outcomes, and financial outcomes

over the past 70 years. We have made the database freely available as a PDF reference list, as

well as an EndNote file. This database can be used for evidence-informed decision making by

policy-makers, researchers, and health care administrators.

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Contents

Clinical and Patient Outcomes – 239 References ......................................................................................... 4

Organizational and Nurse Outcomes – 265 References ............................................................................. 26

Financial Outcomes – 122 References ........................................................................................................ 49

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Clinical and Patient Outcomes – 239 References

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Casbas, T. . (2016). Nursing skill mix in European hospitals: cross-sectional study of the

association with mortality, patient ratings, and quality of care. BMJ Quality & Safety, 0(1-10.

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Anderson, R. A. and McDaniel, R. R., Jr. (1999). RN participation in organizational decision making and improvements in resident outcomes. Health Care Management Review, 24(1), 7-16. Anthony, M. (2008). Relationships among nurse staffing, adherence to practice guidelines, and patient outcomes in the treatment of hypoglycemia. Quality Management in Health Care, 17(4), 312-9. Archibald, L. K., Manning, M. L., Bell, L. M., Banerjee, S. and Jarvis, W. R. (1997). Patient density, nurse-to-patient ratio and nosocomial infection risk in a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 16(11), 1045-8. Aydin, C., Donaldson, N., Aronow, H. U., Fridman, M. and Brown, D. S. (2015). Improving hospital patient falls: leveraging staffing characteristics and processes of care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 45(5), 254-62. Aydin, C., Donaldson, N., Stotts, N. A., Fridman, M. and Brown, D. S. (2015). Modeling hospital-acquired pressure ulcer prevalence on medical-surgical units: nurse workload, expertise, and clinical processes of care. Health Services Research, 50(2), 351-73. Bååth, C., Wilde-Larsson, B., Idvall, E. and Hall-Lord, M. L. (2010). Registered nurses and enrolled nurses assessments of postoperative pain and risk for malnutrition and pressure ulcers in patients with hip fracture. International Journal of Orthopaedic & Trauma Nursing, 14(1), 30-39. Backhaus, R., Verbeek, H., van Rossum, E., Capezuti, E. and Hamers, J. P. (2014). Nurse staffing impact on quality of care in nursing homes: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 15(6), 383-93. Bacon, C. T., Hughes, L. C. and Mark, B. A. (2009). Organizational influences on patient perceptions of symptom management. Research in Nursing & Health, 32(3), 321-34. Bae, S. H., Kelly, M., Brewer, C. S. and Spencer, A. (2014). Analysis of nurse staffing and patient outcomes using comprehensive nurse staffing characteristics in acute care nursing units. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 29(4), 318-26. Berta, W., Laporte, A., Zarnett, D., Caldmanis, V., Anderson, G., . (2006). A pan-Canadian perspective on institutional long-term care. Health Policy, 79(2-3), 175-94. Biernacki, P. J., Champagne, M. T., Peng, S., Maizel, D. R. and Turner, B. S. (2015). Transformation of Care: Integrating the Registered Nurse Care Coordinator into the Patient-Centered Medical Home. Population Health Management, 18(5), 330-6.

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Biggs, K. and Power, M. (2015). Registered nurses improving screening rates for non AIDS related comorbidities in people living with HIV. Australian Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32(4), 15-21. Blegen, M. A., Goode, C. J., Park, S. H., Vaughn, T. and Spetz, J. (2013). Baccalaureate education in nursing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration, 43(2), 89-94. Blegen, M. A., Goode, C. J. and Reed, L. (1998). Nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Nursing Research, 47(1), 43-50. Blegen, M. A., Goode, C. J., Spetz, J., Vaughn, T. and Park, S. H. (2011). Nurse staffing effects on patient outcomes: safety-net and non-safety-net hospitals. Medical Care, 49(4), 406-14. Blegen, M. A. and Vaughn, T. (1998). A multisite study of nurse staffing and patient occurrences. Nursing Economics, 16(4), 196-203. Blegen, M. A., Vaughn, T. E. and Goode, C. J. (2001). Nurse experience and education: effect on quality of care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(1), 33-9. Bobay, K. L., Yakusheva, O. and Weiss, M. E. (2011). Outcomes and cost analysis of the impact of unit-level nurse staffing on post-discharg utilization. Nursing Economics, 29(2), 69-78, 87. Bolton, L. B., Aydin, C. E., Donaldson, N., Brown, D. S., Nelson, M. S. and Harms, D. (2003). Nurse staffing and patient perceptions of nursing care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 33(11), 607-14. Bond, C. A., Raehl, C. L., Pitterle, M. E. and Franke, T. (1999). Health care professional staffing, hospital characteristics, and hospital mortality rates. Pharmacotherapy:The Journal of Human Pharmacology & Drug Therapy, 19(2), 130-8. Bostick, J. E. (2004). Relationship of nursing personnel and nursing home care quality. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 19(2), 130-6. Bourbonniere, M., Strumpf, N. E., Evans, L. K. and Maislin, G. (2003). Organizational characteristics and restraint use for hospitalized nursing home residents. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(8), 1079-84. Braun, B. I. (1991). The effect of nursing home quality on patient outcome. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39(4), 329-38.

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Bray, B. D., Ayis, S., Campbell, J., Cloud, G. C., James, M., Hoffman, A., Tyrrell, P. J., Wolfe, C. D. and Rudd, A. G. (2014). Associations between stroke mortality and weekend working by stroke specialist physicians and registered nurses: prospective multicentre cohort study. PLoS Medicine / Public Library of Science, 11(8), e1001705. Buerhaus, P. I., Needleman, J., Mattke, S. and Stewart, M. (2002). Strengthening hospital nursing. Health Affairs, 21(5), 123-32. Buffer, J., Kendall, P., Medeiros, L., Schroeder, M. and Sofos, J. (2013). Nurses and dietitians differ in food safety information provided to highly susceptible clients. Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior, 45(2), 102-8. Butler, M., Collins, R., Drennan, J., Halligan, P., O'Mathuna, D. P., Schultz, T. J., Sheridan, A. and Vilis, E. (2011). Hospital nurse staffing models and patient and staff-related outcomes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 7), CD007019. Capon, A., Pavoni, N., Mastromattei, A. and Di Lallo, D. (2007). Pressure ulcer risk in long-term units: prevalence and associated factors. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 58(3), 263-72. Carthon, J. M., Kutney-Lee, A., Jarrin, O., Sloane, D. and Aiken, L. H. (2012). Nurse staffing and postsurgical outcomes in black adults. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60(6), 1078-84. Castle, N., Wagner, L., Ferguson, J. and Handler, S. (2014). Hand hygiene deficiency citations in nursing homes. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 33(1), 24-50. Castle, N. G. (2002). Nursing homes with persistent deficiency citations for physical restraint use. Medical Care, 40(10), 868-78. Castle, N. G. and Anderson, R. A. (2011). Caregiver staffing in nursing homes and their influence on quality of care: using dynamic panel estimation methods. Medical Care, 49(6), 545-52. Castle, N. G. and Engberg, J. (2007). The influence of staffing characteristics on quality of care in nursing homes. Health Services Research, 42(5), 1822-47. Castle, N. G. and Engberg, J. B. (2008). The influence of agency staffing on quality of care in nursing homes. Journal of Aging & Social Policy, 20(4), 437-57. Castle, N. G. and Myers, S. (2006). Mental health care deficiency citations in nursing homes and caregiver staffing. Administration & Policy in Mental Health, 33(2), 215-25.

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Chang, M. J., Chang, Y.-J., Kuo, S.-H., Yang, Y.-H. and Chou, F.-H. (2011). Relationships between critical thinking ability and nursing competence in clinical nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(21/22), 3224-3232. Chang, Y. and Mark, B. (2011). Effects of learning climate and registered nurse staffing on medication errors. Journal of Nursing Administration, 41(7-8 Suppl), S6-13. Chaudhry, R., Scheitel, S. M., Stroebel, R. J., Santrach, P. J., Dupras, D. M. and Tangalos, E. G. (2004). Patient satisfaction with point-of-care international normalized ratio testing and counseling in a community internal medicine practice. Managed Care Interface, 17(3), 44-46. Chen, M. M., Grabwoski, D. C. . (2014). Intended and Unintended Consequences of Minimum Staffing Standards for Nursing Homes. Health Economics, 24(7), 822–839. Chen, M. M., Grabwoski, D. C. . (2014). Intended and Unintended Consequences of Minimum Staffing Standards for Nursing Homes. Health Economics, 24(7), 822–839. Cho, E., Sloane, D. M., Kim, E. Y., Kim, S., Choi, M., Yoo, I. Y., Lee, H. S. and Aiken, L. H. (2015). Effects of nurse staffing, work environments, and education on patient mortality: an observational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 52(2), 535-42. Cho, S. H., Hwang, J. H. and Kim, J. (2008). Nurse staffing and patient mortality in intensive care units. Nursing Research, 57(5), 322-30. Cho, S. H., Ketefian, S., Barkauskas, V. H. and Smith, D. G. (2003). The effects of nurse staffing on adverse events, morbidity, mortality, and medical costs. Nursing Research, 52(2), 71-9. Cho, S. H., Kim, Y. S., Yeon, K. N., You, S. J. and Lee, I. D. (2015). Effects of increasing nurse staffing on missed nursing care. International Nursing Review, 62(2), 267-74. Choi, J. and Staggs, V. S. (2014). Comparability of nurse staffing measures in examining the relationship between RN staffing and unit-acquired pressure ulcers: a unit-level descriptive, correlational study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 51(10), 1344-52. Cimiotti, J. P., Haas, J., Saiman, L. and Larson, E. L. (2006). Impact of staffing on bloodstream infections in the neonatal intensive care unit. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 160(8), 832-6.

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Clark, A. P., McDougall, G., Riegel, B., Joiner-Rogers, G., Innerarity, S., Meraviglia, M., Delville, C. and Davila, A. (2015). Health Status and Self-care Outcomes After an Education-Support Intervention for People With Chronic Heart Failure. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, S3-S13. Clark, P. A., Leddy, K., Drain, M. and Kaldenberg, D. (2007). State nursing shortages and patient satisfaction: more RNs--better patient experiences. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 22(2), 119-27; quiz 128-9. Corazzini, K. N., Anderson, R. A., Mueller, C., Thorpe, J. M. and McConnell, E. S. (2013). Licensed practical nurse scope of practice and quality of nursing home care. Nursing Research, 62(5), 315-24. Crego, N. (2014). Pediatric Sedation: Using Secondary Data to Describe Registered Nurse Practice in Radiology. Journal of Radiology Nursing, 33(4), 166-180. Dabney, B. W. and Kalisch, B. J. (2015). Nurse Staffing Levels and Patient-Reported Missed Nursing Care. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 30(4), 306-312. Daly, B. J., Phelps, C. and Rudy, E. B. (1991). A nurse-managed special care unit. Journal of Nursing Administration, 21(7-8), 31-8. Davidson, M. B., Castellanos, M., Duran, P. and Karlan, V. (2006). Effective diabetes care by a registered nurse following treatment algorithms in a minority population. American Journal of Managed Care, 12(4), 226-32. Decker, F. H. (2006). Nursing staff and the outcomes of nursing home stays. Medical Care, 44(9), 812-21. Decker, F. H. (2008). Outcomes and length of medicare nursing home stays: the role of registered nurses and physical therapists. American Journal of Medical Quality, 23(6), 465-74. Decker, F. H. (2008). The relationship of nursing staff to the hospitalization of nursing home residents. Research in Nursing & Health, 31(3), 238-51. Dellefield, M. E., Castle, N. G., McGilton, K. S. and Spilsbury, K. (2015). The Relationship Between Registered Nurses and Nursing Home Quality: An Integrative Review (2008-2014). Nursing Economics, 33(2), 95-108, 116. DiCuccio, M. H. (2015). The Relationship Between Patient Safety Culture and Patient Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Journal of patient safety, 11(3), 135-42.

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Frith, K. H., Anderson, E. F., Caspers, B., Tseng, F., Sanford, K., Hoyt, N. G. and Moore, K. (2010). Effects of nurse staffing on hospital-acquired conditions and length of stay in community hospitals. Quality Management in Health Care, 19(2), 147-55. Frith, K. H., Anderson, E. F., Tseng, F. and Fong, E. A. (2012). Nurse staffing is an important strategy to prevent medication error in community hospitals. Nursing Economics, 30(5), 288-94. Goldman, R. H., Batsis, M., Hacker, M. R., Souter, I. and Petrozza, J. C. (2014). Outcomes after intrauterine insemination are independent of provider type. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 211(5), 492.e1-9. Goryakin, Y., Griffiths, P. and Maben, J. (2011). Economic evaluation of nurse staffing and nurse substitution in health care: a scoping review. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(4), 501-12. Gregoire, M. B. (1994). Quality of patient meal service in hospitals: delivery of meals by dietary employees vs delivery by nursing employees. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 94(10), 1129-34. Griffiths, P., Maben, J. and Murrells, T. (2011). Organisational quality, nurse staffing and the quality of chronic disease management in primary care: observational study using routinely collected data. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(10), 1199-210. Hall, L. M. and Doran, D. (2004). Nurse staffing, care delivery model, and patient care quality. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 19(1), 27-33. Halm, M., Peterson, M., Kandels, M., Sabo, J., Blalock, M., Braden, R., Gryczman, A., Krisko-Hagel, K., Larson, D., Lemay, D., Sisler, B., Strom, L. and Topham, D. (2005). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, emotional exhaustion, and job dissatisfaction. Clinical Nurse Specialist, 19(5), 241-51; quiz 252-4. Han, K. T., Kim, S. J., Jang, S. I., Kim, S. J., Lee, S. Y., Lee, H. J. and Park, E. C. (2015). Positive correlation between care given by specialists and registered nurses and improved outcomes for stroke patients. Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 353(1-2), 137-42. Harless, D. W. and Mark, B. A. (2010). Nurse staffing and quality of care with direct measurement of inpatient staffing. Medical Care, 48(7), 659-63. Harrington, C., Zimmerman, D., Karon, S. L., Robinson, J. and Beutel, P. (2000). Nursing home staffing and its relationship to deficiencies. Journals of Gerontology Series B-Psychological Sciences & Social Sciences, 55(5), S278-87.

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