8/2/2019 Ref on Levels of Prevention

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NURSING LICENSURE EXAM SELF-REVIEW

By Angel Garcia Carbajal, BSN

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LEVELS OF PREVENTION

By Leavell and Clark

I. PRIMARY PREVENTIONSeeks to prevent a disease or condition at a pre-pathologic state;

to stop something from ever happening.

Health Promotion

Health education Good standard of nutrition

adjusted to developmental phases

of life

Personality development Provisions of adequate housing

and recreation

Employment or working conditions Marriage counseling, and sex

education

Genetic screening Periodic selective examinations

Specific Protection

Immunizations Personal hygiene Environmental sanitation Protection against occupational

hazards

Use of specific nutrients Protection from accidents Protection from carcinogens Avoidance of allergens

II. SECONDARY PREVENTIONAlso known as Health

Maintenance. Seeks to identify

specific illnesses or conditions

at an early stage with prompt

intervention to prevent or limit

disability; to prevent

catastrophic effects that could

occur if proper attention and

treatment are not provided

III. TERTIARY PREVENTIONOccurs after a disease or

disability has occurred and the

recovery process has begun;

Intent is to halt the disease or

injury process and assist the

person in obtaining an optimal

health status. To establish a

high-level wellness. To

maximize use of remaining

capacitiesEarly Diagnosis and Prompt Treatment

Case-finding measures: individualmass screening surveys

Selective examinations to:- Cure and prevent disease

process

- Prevent spread ofcommunicable disease

- Prevent complications andsequelae

- Shorten period of disability Treatment to arrest disease

process

Provision of facilities to limitdisability and prevent death

Restoration and Rehabilitation

Provision of hospital andcommunity facilitie4s for retraining

capacities

Education of public and industry touse rehabilitated persons to fullest

possible extent

Selective placement Work therapy in hospitals Use of sheltered colony