REDDREDD--plusplus,, Toward 2020 Emission Cut filebased for readiness and capacity building, and market-based for full implementation. The Ministry of Forestry Indonesia 6. REDD--pplI

REDDREDD--plusplus,,Toward 2020 Emission CutToward 2020 Emission Cut

Wandojo SiswantoWandojo SiswantoSenior Adviser to the Minister on PartnershipChairman of Climate Change Working Group

The Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryThe Ministry of ForestryApril 2010

1

REDDREDD ll R lR lREDDREDD--plusplus RelevanceRelevance

1 Country land area: app 187 millions ha population: app 225 millions; 1. Country land area: app. 187 millions ha, population: app. 225 millions; 2. 7 major islands and 33 provinces, autonomous governance system;3. ±70 % of the country area are forestland/state forest (± 37 % of them are

degraded at various levels, forest lost 2000-2005 ± 1.18 million ha/year);4. Forest transition from the east (Papua: low historical DD) to the west (Sumatra:

fhigh historical DD, Java: forest cover increases).

The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia

2

REDDREDD l il i I d iI d i CCREDDREDD--plus iplus in Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContextAs of in Bali Action Plan refers to:As of in Bali Action Plan refers to:

Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, Role of conservation, Sustainable management of forest, andEnhancement of forest carbon stocks

In the context of climate change, all Indonesian forestry activities, basically fall under the category of REDD-plus


3

REDDREDD--plusplus iin Indonesian Indonesiann ContextContext(continued)

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation, through g , gavoiding/ reducing forest conversion to other uses, forest encroachment which leads to permanent land use changespermanent land use changes,Reducing Emissions from forest degradation, through Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) and other SFM practices, curbing illegal logging and forest encroachment, fire management, Maintaining forest carbon stocks through forest Maintaining forest carbon stocks, through forest conservation, and carbon stock management


4


Enhancing forest carbon stocks, through planting g , g p gactivities including HTI, HTR, HR, RHL, and assisted natural regeneration including forest restoration and other management approaches restoration, and other management approaches such as Social Forestry and Community Forestestablishment. Role of Conservation, through protected area and ecosystem management effectiveness as well as biodiversity conservationbiodiversity conservation.


5


REDD-plus in Indonesia is an internalization REDD plus in Indonesia is an internalization of global agenda and externalization of local and national issuesOn this basis:

Indonesia has developed REDDI Road Map prior to COP 13 phased approachCOP-13 phased-approach,REDD-plus is national approach with sub-national implementation,Means of Implementation is expected to be fund-based for readiness and capacity building, and market-based for full implementation.


6

REDDREDD l I l t til I l t tiREDDREDD--plus Implementationplus ImplementationBased on the Road Map of REDDI, Indonesia is p ,currently under “Readiness Phase”,Readiness activities basically focus on preparing “REDDI Infrastructure” for full implementation REDDI Infrastructure for full implementation post 2012 where compliance market is expected to emerge, The REDDI infrastructure includes: Policy The REDDI infrastructure includes: Policy interventions to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation, including role of conservation sustainable management of forest conservation, sustainable management of forest, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks, methodological and institutional aspects, as well as demonstration activitiesas demonstration activities.


7

REDDREDD ll Ph dPh d pp hpp hREDDREDD--plusplus PhasedPhased--approachapproachPhase 1 (preparatory Phase): Phase 1 (preparatory Phase): Identification of Knowledge, technology and relevant policies (2007 -2008)Phase 2 (Readiness Phase): prepare methodological and Policies for REDDI (2009-2012)Phase 3 (Full Implementation): based on CO d h l bCOP decisions when REDD-plus become UNFCCC scheme post-2012


8

REDDREDD--plusplusStrategy Readiness Phase (2009 – 2012)

LEVELLEVEL STRATEGY CATEGORYSTRATEGY CATEGORY

NATIONALNATIONAL 1. Policy interventions to tackle drivers of Deforestation and Forest Degradation

2. REDD regulations (REDD Guidelines and REDD National approach,

Commission) Ministerial Regulation on REDD 3. Methodology (establishment of National REL and MRV

system) GoI – Australia, FCPF, UNREDD4. Institutional arragements (Financing, including

distribution of incentives and responsibilities; National Registry; capacity building; stakeholders communication and coordination among REDD institutions; stakeholders consultation) GoI- Australia, FCPF, UNREDD

5. Analytical works (REL, MRV, Co-benefits, risks, etc) GoI-FCPF


9

REDDREDD--plusplusStrategy Readiness Phase (2009 – 2012)... (continued)

LEVEL STRATEGY CATEGORY

ProvincialProvincial

sub-national

1. Methodology (establishment of Provincial REL and MRV system)

2. Institutional (capacity building, stakeholders sub national implementa-tion

communication and coordination among REDD institutions, stakeholders consultation)

3. Demonstration Activities, Voluntary carbon projects

DistrictDistrict 1 Methodology (establishment of District REL and MRV DistrictDistrict

sub-national implementa-tion

1. Methodology (establishment of District REL and MRV system)

2. Institutional (capacity building, stakeholders communication and coordination among REDD institutions stakeholders consultation)tion institutions, stakeholders consultation)

3. Demonstration activities (GoI-Germany; GoI – TNC,WWF, ITTO, Korea, UNREDD) Voluntary carbon projects


10

Indonesia’s Forest Co erIndonesia’s Forest Co erIndonesia s Forest CoverIndonesia s Forest CoverUnits: Million hectare

Forest CoverForest CoverForestlandsForestlands NonNon--ForestlandsForestlands TotalTotal

A (h )A (h ) %% Area Area %% Area Area %%Area (ha)Area (ha) %% Area Area (ha)(ha) %% Area Area

(ha)(ha) %%

Forested Forested 92.328

(Primary=43801 49% 8.412 4% 100.740 54%LOA=48526)

Non ForestedNon Forested 40.071 21% 46.976 25% 87.047 46%

TotalTotal 132.399 71% 55.388 29% 187.787 100%

Source: Landsat imagery 7 ETM+ of 2005/2006 (217 scenes)Intepreted in 2007 Published in 2008


Intepreted in 2007, Published in 2008

11

N ti l GHG I t 2000N ti l GHG I t 2000National GHG Inventory 2000National GHG Inventory 2000Waste28 3%28,3%

Energy50,5%

Agriculture13,6% Waste

Industry7,7%

Energy20% Industry

3%

Agriculture

Peat Fire13%

Waste11%

Agriculture6%

Land Use Change

and

Source: MoE, 2009


Forestry47%

12

N ti l GHG I t 2000N ti l GHG I t 2000National GHG Inventory 2000National GHG Inventory 2000SectorSector Ton CO2eTon CO2e

Energy 280,938

Industry 42,815

Agriculture 75,420

Land Use Change and Forestry (excl. peat fire) 649,254

Peat Fire 172,000

Waste 157,328

Total without LUCFTotal without LUCF 535,730535,730

Total with LUCF (incl. peat fire)Total with LUCF (incl. peat fire) 1.356,9841.356,984


Source: MoE, 2009

13

F r st FirF r st Fir (1997(1997 2009)2009)Forest Fire Forest Fire (1997 (1997 –– 2009)2009)200.000

140.000

160.000

180.000

ots

80.000

100.000

120.000

of H

otsp

o

20.000

40.000

60.000

Num

ber o

01997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

YearTotal Hutan Non Hutan


Total Hutan Non Hutan

14

HigHighhest Hotspot Distributionest Hotspot Distributionbby Province (1999 – 2009)45.000

30 000

35.000

40.000 1999

2000

2001

20.000

25.000

30.0002002

2003

2004

2005

5 000

10.000

15.000 2006

2007

2008

2009

0

5.000 2009


15

N ti l Ci tN ti l Ci tNational CircumtancesNational CircumtancesDifferent national circumstances demand Different national circumstances demand for flexible approaches for REDD-plus

social, economical and biological distribution

Phased-approach, national - sub nationalare among the flexibility that is needed to enable all forest countries participate in REDD-plus

d it i i t t th t b th h and so it is important that both approaches should not be prescriptive (e.g. regarding phases and activities within phase)p p )


16

Reference Level andReference Level andR f E i i L lR f E i i L lReference Emission LevelReference Emission Level

COP-15 Decision on methodological COP 15 Decision on methodological guidance: should be established transparently taking into account historical data, and adjust for national circumstances, Indonesia’s REDD: national approach with sub-national implementation,

At th ti l l l RELAt the national level: RELAt the sub-national level: REL/RL


17

Reference Level andReference Level andR f E i i L lR f E i i L lReference Emission LevelReference Emission Level

Both technically and institutionallyBoth technically and institutionallychallenging:

Technically: in ensuring the consistency or glinking between sub-national REL/RL with national REL,Institutionally: institutional and human Institutionally: institutional and human resource capacity, especially at the sub-national level.


18

Systems, Requirements and Systems, Requirements and M th d l i s f r MRVM th d l i s f r MRVMethodologies for MRVMethodologies for MRV

MRV of actions by developing countries vs MRV of actions by developing countries vs MRV of supports from developed countries

should be balanced.

Issues to be settled: is MRV for REDD-plus part of MRV for NAMAs?

the NAMAs concept is still unclear both NAMAs by developing countries and developed countries’ NAMAcountries NAMA.


19

Systems, Requirements and Systems, Requirements and M th d l i s f r MRVM th d l i s f r MRVMethodologies for MRVMethodologies for MRV

MRV in forestry has long been practiced MRV in forestry has long been practiced by forest countries, however, developing MRV system for REDD-plus demand for additional resources for developing the system as well as for building institutional

it t d i th capacity to manage and improve the system over time.


20

Pl ti Pl T r t f 2010Pl ti Pl T r t f 2010 20202020Planting Plan Target of 2010 Planting Plan Target of 2010 –– 20202020Community Community Watershed Watershed Plantation Plantation LoA LoA Supported Supported

Units: thousand hectare

YearYearyy

and Village and Village ForestsForests

Watershed Watershed RehabilitationRehabilitation

Plantation Plantation ForestsForests

LoA LoA RestorationRestoration

ppppCommunity Community

ForestForestTotalTotal

2010 500 300 450 300 50 1,600

2011 500 300 550 350 50 1 7502011 500 300 550 350 50 1,750

2012 500 300 500 450 50 1,800

2013 500 350 600 650 50 2,150

2014 500 350 550 750 50 2,200,

2015 500 300 450 300 50 1,600

2016 500 300 550 350 50 1,750

2017 500 300 500 450 50 1,800

2018 500 350 600 650 50 2,150

2019 500 350 550 750 50 2,200

2020 500 350 500 750 50 2,150

TotalTotal 55,,500500 33,,550550 55,,800800 55,,750750 550550 2121,,150150


21

E i i d Si k S iE i i d Si k S i (GT CO2 )(GT CO2 )Emission and Sink ScenariosEmission and Sink Scenarios (GT CO2e)(GT CO2e)

Net Net i k

1.241 1309

1,200

1,400

2e

emitter sinker

1.31

0.707

0.893

0,600

0,800

1,000

ga Ton

CO2

0.71

0.89

0,200

0,400 Gig

‐

2020Emisi BAU Penanaman 500.000 ha RENSTRA Kehutanan

NoteNote: : Deforestation Rates constant at Deforestation Rates constant at 11,,125 125 mill. mill. ha per ha per yearyearoteote e o estat o ates co sta t ate o estat o ates co sta t at ,, 55 a pea pe yeayea


22

S t i bl P t F t M tS t i bl P t F t M tSustainable Peat Forest ManagementSustainable Peat Forest ManagementPeatlands Distribution

IslandIslandArea (ha)Area (ha)

ForestlandsForestlands NonNon-- TotalTotal

PapuaPapua 8,654,803 134,168 8,788,971

ForestlandsForestlands ForestlandsForestlands TotalTotal

KalimantanKalimantan 4,390,557 1,350,349 5,740,906

SumatraSumatra 5,580,474 1,644,174 7,224,648

TotalTotal 18,625,834 3,128,691 21,754,525


23

P li P t F tP li P t F tPolicy on Peat ForestPolicy on Peat ForestLimit the conversion of peat forest for other uses mainly Limit the conversion of peat forest for other uses - mainly on production forest, land swap;Control the peat fire and illegal activities - illegal logging, encroachment;Implement sustainable manner on the peat production forest - micro delineation;Implement a better water management of the utilized peat forestland - Re-wetting dam construction; forestland Re wetting, dam construction; Strengthen the management of peat protected areas -national parks, nature and wildlife reserves, nature forest parks;REDD l h i i ti l f ti REDD-plus mechanism as incentives - role of conservation, sustainable management of forest, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.


24

ClosingClosingClosingClosing1. As part of national target to reduce emissions ~

26 % b 2020 iti ti ti l i f t 26 % by 2020, mitigation action plan in forestry is already in the mainstream of forestry sector development planning;

2. Indonesian Forestry is a land use sector which heavily affected by the need of forestland for other sector development;

3. Emissions reduction target from forestry sector need to be set in the national development context;

4. Domestic funding will not sufficient to achieve the target set for forestry sector, especially to cover the costs to address drivers of deforestation and forest degradation;


25

Cl iCl iClosingClosing5. REDD-plus scheme is expected to provide p p p

financial resources to cover the costs of actions and incentives which result in emissions reduction carbon stock conservation and carbon reduction, carbon stock conservation and carbon stock enhancement.

6. Need more research as scientific bases for a better peat-forest and peat-lands management.

7. Best practices for peat-lands utilization and rehabilitation on both forest and non rehabilitation on both forest- and non forestland.

26The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia

27The Ministry of ForestryIndonesia

Documents

REDDREDD--plusplus,, Toward 2020 Emission Cut filebased for readiness and capacity building, and market-based for full implementation. The Ministry of Forestry Indonesia 6. REDD--pplI