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REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi [email protected]

REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi [email protected]

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Page 1: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

REDD+ Progress:UN-REDD Programme

Julie GreenwaltUNEP, [email protected]

Page 2: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

UN-REDD Programme

Supports countries to benefit from REDD+– National REDD+ Strategies and Readiness, capacity

building

Established in 2008 by FAO, UNDP & UNEP– Response to UNFCCC Bali Action Plan

Offers UN Joint Programme: Delivering as One UN Agreed delivery platform with FCPF and FIP Builds on wider UN agency roles

– E.g. National programs; GEF Implementing Agencies

Page 3: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

National UN-REDD Programmes

16 partner countries currently receiving direct funding support, 40 partner countries total

Page 4: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

UN-REDD Work Areas

MRV and Monitoring

Stakeholder Engagement

Multiple Benefits of forests and REDD+

Transparent Equitable Accountable Management of REDD+ Payments

REDD+ Governance

REDD+ as Catalyst of Green Economy

Nati

onal

RED

D+

Stra

tegi

esN

ation

al R

EDD

+ St

rate

gies

Page 5: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

UN-REDD National Programmes

• Original 9 pilots– Africa: DRC, Tanzania, Zambia – Asia: Indonesia, PNG, Viet Nam– LAC: Bolivia, Panama, Paraguay

In 2010, the Philippines, Solomon Islands and Cambodia initiated National Programmes

In 2011, Ecuador and Nigeria had their National Programmes approved

And last week, Republic of Congo and Sri Lanka became the latest to have approved National Programmes!

Page 6: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

• Forests provide important ecosystem products (e.g. timber and medicines), regulating services, especially related to water and climate, and supporting services such as nutrient cycling and soil formation.

• These products and services are the basis for the livelihoods of people along production chains that extend from the forest through to distant continents

• Reshaping these economic systems around the sustainable, low-carbon use of these ecosystem services will be a key to the success of REDD+

Beyond carbon

Page 7: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Multiple benefits

• In the narrower sense:– The different products and services that come

from forests, including carbon benefits

• In the broader sense:– The multiple benefits of REDD+ for

• climate change mitigation• Economic development, including poverty alleviation• Conservation

Page 8: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Safeguard options and opportunities

• Develop and promote principles and criteria to safeguard the multiple benefits and development opportunities of forests under REDD+

• Support countries to adopt, adapt and implement these safeguards, including through

• Appropriate monitoring systems that allow them to follow progress in a transparent, equitable and cost-effective manner

Page 9: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UNFCCC Safeguards and UN-REDD SEPC

.

Page 10: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UNFCCC Safeguards and UN-REDD SEPC

.

Page 11: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Prioritizes Stakeholder Engagement

• From Bali to today, full and authentic participation recognized to be crucial for REDD+

• Strong support from the UN REDD Policy Board for guidance

• Demand from stakeholders during extensive consultations

• Led to development of “Joint Operational Guidance on Stakeholder Engagement”

• Also called for these “FPIC Guidelines”

Page 12: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

Significance of FPIC for REDD+

.• Value of FPIC has been recognized for years by range of actors, including private sector, governments, CSOs

• FPIC embedded in UN Declaration on Rights of Indigenous Peoples

• FPIC activities undertaken in some UN-REDD countries

• Challenges in implementation, but recognition of significant benefits of FPIC and need to invest now in processes to support FPIC for REDD+

Page 13: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

FPIC Guidelines:Consultation Process So Far

.

Jun 2010 – Jan 2011: 3 regional consultations with IPs & civil society in Vietnam (Jun 2010); Panama (Oct 2010); Tanzania (Jan 2011):

• Reps of 76 IP & civil society organizations from 32 countries• Reps of 47 international & regional organizations • UN-REDD country staff

Feb – Jul 2011: Synthesis of input into draft Guidelines

Aug – Nov 2011: Internal review by global & regional UN-REDD staff

Dec 2011 – Jan 2012: Public comment period

Feb 2012: This ‘Expert Workshop’ to review FPIC Guidelines

Mar 2012: Presented update to UN-REDD Policy Board

Page 14: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

FPIC Guidelines: Content

.

The Guidelines provide information on:

1. The normative framework underpinning the UN’s obligation to support the right to FPIC

2. Definitions of the elements of FPIC

3. UN-REDD Programme Policy on applying FPIC

4. Operational framework for seeking FPIC

5.Grievance and accountability framework

Page 15: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

UN-REDD Programme …

• Recognises the unique opportunity that REDD+ presents for a green economy transformation by:– Helping to make the case for the catalytic potential of

REDD+– Assembling the knowledge and tools required– Supporting the development of scenarios for realisation of

the transformation– Supporting integration of analyses, opportunities and tools

into national development planning– Providing capacity and technical support

Page 16: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Entry points

• Preparation of the investment phase of the REDD+ process– Recognise the importance of the ‘inter-phase’

• Implementing framework of the future REDD+ strategy – Providing the knowledge, tools and strengthening the

processes that ensure that institutional arrangements are not narrowly focused on a single ministry or sector and that there is a basis for reforms to be suitably broad based and integrative.

Page 17: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

REDD+ and the private sector

1) Who are the private sector players, what is their type of intervention in the REDD+ value chain, and what are their motivations?– Financial institutions are important but we can’t forget

about the private sector companies involved in forests but not REDD+ i.e. timber, large-scale agriculture

Page 18: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

REDD+ and the private sector

2) What strategies / best practices should be developed or promoted to incentivize private sector investments in REDD+ and to create demand for REDD+ emissions reductions credits?

3) What are the aspects of the overall regulatory, policy, and institutional environment that need to be addressed to enable greater collaboration between the public and private sectors on REDD+ initiatives?

Page 19: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

REDD+ and the private sector

Page 20: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

REDDy, Set, Grow Report findings

Possible scenarios:1: National crediting under a UNFCCC agreement2: Subnational or project crediting under a UNFCCC agreement3. Nested approach: hybrid solution combining 1 and 2Scenario 3 seems most promising to promote private sector investment

•Need to tackle core driver of deforestation by changing behaviour of private sector•Subnational and regional baselines coexist with all-encompassing national baseline•Crediting mechanism beats international fund: make carbon emitters pay, not tax payers (at least not directly)

Page 21: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

• Views REDD+ as one of the incentives to bring about Green transformation – “REDD+ is the new Green”

• Delivers methods and approaches for developing policies and investment options leading to transformed land and resource use through an enabling investment climate

• Changes the way forests are used and managed by assisting countries identify and align investments

• Linked to UNEP’s Green Economy Initiative

REDD+ as a catalyst for a green economy

Page 22: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Opportunities

• Address REDD+ as an opportunity for growth and development;

• leverage and shape investments so that either efficiencies or transformational shifts (‘step changes’) take place in the economies of the forested landscapes and countries concerned

• support the capacity of decision makers to integrate information, while identifying and filling gaps where possible, across sectors, scales and stakeholders.

Page 23: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Thank you! For more information: http://www.un-redd.org

Page 24: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Social and Environmental Principles and

Criteria

.

Principle 1 – Apply norms of democratic governance, as reflected in national commitments and Multilateral Agreements

Criterion 1 – Ensure the transparency and accountability of fiduciary and fund management systems linked to REDD+ activities

Criterion 2 – Ensure legitimacy and accountability of all bodies representing relevant stakeholders, including through establishing responsive feedback and grievance mechanisms

Criterion 3 – Ensure transparency and accessibility of information related to REDD+, including active dissemination among relevant stakeholders

Criterion 4 – Ensure the full and effective participation of relevant stakeholders in design, planning and implementation of REDD+ activities, with particular attention to indigenous peoples, local communities and other vulnerable and marginalized groups

Criterion 5 – Promote coordination, efficiency and effectiveness among all agencies and implementing bodies relevant to REDD+

Criterion 6 – Promote and support the rule of law, access to justice and effective remedies

Page 25: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Social and Environmental Principles and

Criteria

.

Principle 2 – Respect and protect stakeholder rights in accordance with international obligations

Criterion 7 – Respect and promote the recognition and exercise of the rights of indigenous peoples, local communities and other vulnerable and marginalized groups to land, territories and resources, including carbon

Criterion 8 – Promote and enhance gender equality, gender equity and women’s empowerment

Criterion 9 – Seek free, prior and informed consent of indigenous peoples and respect and uphold the decision taken (whether consent is given or withheld)

Criterion 10 – Ensure there is no involuntary resettlement as a result of REDD+

Criterion 11 – Respect and protect traditional knowledge, and cultural heritage and practices

Principle 3 – Promote sustainable livelihoods and poverty reduction Criterion 12 – Ensure equitable, non-discriminatory and transparent benefit sharing

among relevant stakeholders with special attention to the most vulnerable and marginalized groups

Criterion 13 – Protect and enhance economic and social well-being of relevant stakeholders, with special attention to the most vulnerable and marginalized groups

Page 26: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Social and Environmental Principles and

Criteria

.

Principle 4 – Contribute to low-carbon, climate-resilient sustainable development policy, consistent with national development strategies, national forest programmes, and commitments under international conventions and agreements Criterion 14 – Ensure consistency with and contribution to national climate policy objectives, including those of mitigation and adaptation strategies and international commitments on climate Criterion 15 – Address the risk of reversals of REDD+ achievements, including potential future risks to forest carbon stocks and other benefits to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of REDD+ Criterion 16 – Ensure consistency with and contribution to national poverty reduction strategies and other sustainable development goals (including those outlined under the Millennium Development Goals framework), including alignment with ministries’ and sub-national strategies and plans that may have an impact on, or be affected by the forest sector and/or land use change Criterion 17 – Ensure consistency with and contribution to national biodiversity conservation policies (including National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans), other environmental and natural resource management policy objectives, national forest programmes, and international commitments on the environment

Page 27: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Social and Environmental Principles and

Criteria

.

Principle 5 – Protect natural forest from degradation and/or conversion

Criterion 18 – Ensure that REDD+ activities do not cause the conversion of natural forest to planted forest, unless as part of forest restoration, and make reducing conversion of forests to other land uses (e.g. agriculture, infrastructure) a REDD+ priority Criterion 19 – Avoid or minimise degradation of natural forest by REDD+ activities and make reducing degradation due to other causes (e.g. agriculture, extractive activities, infrastructure) a REDD+ priority Criterion 20 – Avoid or minimise indirect land-use change impacts of REDD+ activities on forest carbon stocks, biodiversity and other ecosystem services

Page 28: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDD Social and Environmental Principles and

Criteria

.

Principle 6 – Maintain and enhance multiple functions of forest including conservation of biodiversity conservation and provision of ecosystem servicesCriterion 21 – Ensure that land-use planning for REDD+ explicitly takes account of potential synergies and trade-offs between the multiple functions of forest and the benefits they provide, respecting local and other stakeholders’ values Criterion 22 – Ensure that planted and natural forests18 are managed to maintain and enhance ecosystem services and biodiversity important in both local and national contexts Principle 7 – Avoid or minimise adverse impacts on non-forest ecosystem services and biodiversity Criterion 23 – Avoid or minimise adverse impacts on carbon stocks, other ecosystem services and biodiversity of non-forest ecosystems resulting directly from REDD+ activities Criterion 24 – Avoid or minimise adverse impacts on carbon stocks, other ecosystem services and biodiversity of non-forest ecosystems resulting indirectly from REDD+ activities (including those of indirect land-use change impacts and intensification of land use)

Page 29: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Exploring co-benefits in Cambodia

The amount of carbon within 1 kilometer of forest cover loss represents 22% of Cambodia’s total carbon stock.

Page 30: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Exploring co-benefits in Cambodia

15% of the land that is high in carbon and an Important Bird Area is inside forest concessions.

Page 31: REDD+ Progress: UN-REDD Programme Julie Greenwalt UNEP, Nairobi Julie.greenwalt@unep.org

UN-REDDP R O G R A M M E

Endemic and endangered species