Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    1/8

    5HFHQW'HYHORSPHQWVLQWKH&KHPLFDO5HF\FOLQJRI3(7

    /HLDQ%DUWRORPH0XKDPPDG,PUDQ%RQJ*\RR&KR:DKHHG$$O0DVU\DQG'R+\XQ.LP

    .RUHD$GYDQFHG,QVWLWXWHRI6FLHQFHDQG7HFKQRORJ\.$,67.LQJ6DXG8QLYHUVLW\

    .RUHD,QVWLWXWHRI*HRVFLHQFHDQG0LQHUDO5HVRXUFHV5HSXEOLFRI.RUHD

    6DXGL$UDELD

    ,QWURGXFWLRQ

    3RO\HWK\OHQHWHUHSKWKDODWHPRUHFRPPRQO\NQRZQDV3(7LQWKHSDFNDJLQJLQGXVWU\DQG

    JHQHUDOO\UHIHUUHGWRDVSRO\HVWHULQWKHWH[WLOHLQGXVWU\LVDQ LQGLVSHQVDEOHPDWHULDOZLWK

    LPPHQVHDSSOLFDWLRQVRZLQJWR LWVH[FHOOHQWSK\VLFDODQGFKHPLFDOSURSHUWLHV2QWKHRWKHU

    KDQGGXHWRLWVLQFUHDVLQJFRQVXPSWLRQDQGQRQELRGHJUDGDELOLW\3(7ZDVWHGLVSRVDOKDV

    FUHDWHGVHULRXVHQYLURQPHQWDODQGHFRQRPLFFRQFHUQV7KXVPDQDJHPHQWRI3(7ZDVWHKDV

    EHFRPHDQLPSRUWDQWVRFLDOLVVXH,QYLHZRIWKHLQFUHDVLQJHQYLURQPHQWDODZDUHQHVVLQWKH

    VRFLHW\UHF\FOLQJUHPDLQVWKHPRVWYLDEOHRSWLRQIRUWKHWUHDWPHQWRIZDVWH3(7$PRQJWKHYDULRXVPHWKRGVRI 3(7UHF\FOLQJSULPDU\RU LQSODQW VHFRQGDU\RU PHFKDQLFDOWHUWLDU\RUFKHPLFDOTXDWHUQDU\LQYROYLQJHQHUJ\UHFRYHU\RQO\FKHPLFDOUHF\FOLQJFRQIRUPVWRWKH

    SULQFLSOHVRIVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWEHFDXVHLWOHDGVWRWKHIRUPDWLRQRIWKHUDZPDWHULDOV

    IURP ZKLFK 3(7 LV RULJLQDOO\ PDGH &KHPLFDO UHF\FOLQJ XWLOL]HV SURFHVVHV VXFK DV

    K\GURO\VLVPHWKDQRO\VLVJO\FOR\VLV DPPRQRO\VLVDQG DPLQRO\VLV,Q D ODUJH FROOHFWLRQRI

    UHVHDUFKHV IRU WKH FKHPLFDO UHF\FOLQJ RI 3(7 WKH SULPDU\ REMHFWLYH LV WR LQFUHDVH WKH

    PRQRPHU \LHOGZKLOH UHGXFLQJWKH UHDFWLRQ WLPH DQGRUFDUU\LQJ RXWWKH UHDFWLRQ XQGHU

    PLOGFRQGLWLRQV&RQWLQXRXVHIIRUWVRIUHVHDUFKHUVKDYHEURXJKWJUHDWLPSURYHPHQWVLQWKH

    FKHPLFDOUHF\FOLQJSURFHVVHV7KLVSDSHUUHYLHZVPHWKRGVIRUWKHFKHPLFDOUHF\FOLQJRI3(7

    ZLWK VSHFLDO HPSKDVLV RQ JO\FRO\WLF GHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQ ZLWK HWK\OHQH JO\FRO ,W FRYHUV WKH

    UHVHDUFKHVLQFOXGLQJWKHZRUNVE\WKHDXWKRUVRQYDULRXVSURFHVVHVDQGLQWURGXFHVUHFHQW

    GHYHORSPHQWV WR LQFUHDVH PRQRPHU \LHOG 3URFHVVHV LQFOXGLQJ VXE DQG VXSHUFULWLFDO

    FDWDO\WLFDQGPLFURZDYHDVVLVWHGGHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQDUHGLVFXVVHG7KLVSDSHUDOVRSUHVHQWVWKHLPSDFWRIWKHQHZ WHFKQRORJLHVVXFKDV QDQRWHFKQRORJ\RQWKH IXWXUHGHYHORSPHQWVLQWKHFKHPLFDOUHF\FOLQJRI3(7

    3(76\QWKHVLVDQGSURSHUWLHV

    3(7LVD SRO\FU\VWDOOLQHSRO\HVWHUIRUPHGIURPWKHHVWHULILFDWLRQRIWHUHSKWKDOLFDFLG73$

    ZLWKHWK\OHQHJO\FRO (*RU IURPWKH WUDQVHVWHULILFDWLRQ RI GLPHWK\O WHUHSKWKDODWH '07

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    2/8

    0DWHULDO5HF\FOLQJ7UHQGVDQG3HUVSHFWLYHV

    ZLWK(*6\QWKHVLVRI3(7IURPHLWKHUSURFHVVLQYROYHVWZRUHDFWLRQVWHSVDVVKRZQLQ)LJ

    7KHILUVWVWHS)LJVDELVWKHIRUPDWLRQRIDQLQWHUPHGLDWHPRQRPHUELVK\GUR[\HWK\O

    WHUHSKWKDODWH %+(7 ZLWK WKH UHOHDVH RI D VPDOO PROHFXOH ZKLFK LV HLWKHU ZDWHU RU

    PHWKDQRO7KHVHFRQGLVWKHSRO\FRQGHQVDWLRQRI%+(7WRSURGXFH3(7LQPHOWSKDVHZLWK

    WKHUHOHDVHRI(*XQGHUKLJKYDFXXP6FKHLUV6FKHLUV/RQJ

    D

    E

    F

    )LJ5HDFWLRQVFKHPHIRU3(7V\QWKHVLV%+(7LVILUVWIRUPHGIURPWKHUHDFWLRQRIHLWKHU

    D73$DQG(*RUE'07DQG(*DQGFHYHQWXDOO\SRO\PHUL]HGWR3(7

    $V D WKHUPRSODVWLF SRO\HVWHU UHVLQ 3(7 H[KLELWV LQWHUHVWLQJ SK\VLFDO DQG FKHPLFDO

    SURSHUWLHV,WLVDQDPRUSKRXVJODVVOLNHPDWHULDOLQLWVSXUHVWIRUP&U\VWDOOLQLW\LQ3(7FDQ

    EHHQKDQFHGE\DGGLQJPRGLI\LQJDGGLWLYHVRUE\ KHDWWUHDWPHQWRIWKHSRO\PHUPHOW3(7

    LVFODVVLILHGDVDVHPLFU\VWDOOLQHSRO\PHUDQGZKHQKHDWHGDERYHR&LWFKDQJHVIURPD

    ULJLGJODVVOLNHVWDWHLQWRDUXEEHU\HODVWLFIRUPZKHUHWKHSRO\PHUPROHFXODUFKDLQVFDQEH

    VWUHWFKHG DQG DOLJQHG LQHLWKHU RQH GLUHFWLRQ WRIRUP ILEHUV RULQ WZR GLUHFWLRQV WRIRUP

    ILOPVDQGERWWOHV,I3(7LVKHOGLQWKHVWUHWFKHGIRUPDWWHPSHUDWXUHVDERYH &LWVORZO\

    FU\VWDOOL]HVDQGWKHPDWHULDOVWDUWVWREHFRPHRSDTXHDQGOHVVIOH[LEOH,WLVWKHQNQRZQDV

    FU\VWDOOLQH3(70HDQZKLOHLIWKHPHOWLVFRROHGTXLFNO\ZKLOHVWLOOLQVWUHWFKHGVWDWHWKH

    FKDLQV DUH IUR]HQ ZLWK WKHLU RULJLQDO RULHQWDWLRQ 7KH UHVXOWLQJ PDWHULDO LV DQ H[WUHPHO\

    WRXJKSODVWLFW\SLFDORID3(7ERWWOH6LQKDHWDO&RPPHUFLDO3(7PHOWVEHWZHHQ

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    3/8

    5HFHQW'HYHORSPHQWVLQWKH&KHPLFDO5HF\FOLQJRI3(7

    DQG & ZKLOH PRUH FU\VWDOOLQH 3(7 PHOWV DW & 9LUJLQ 3(7 LV FDSDEOH RI

    PRUSKRORJLFDODQGVWUXFWXUDOUHRUJDQL]DWLRQZKLFKLVDWWULEXWHGWRLWVPXOWLSOHHQGRWKHUPLF

    WUDQVLWLRQV7KLVOHDGVWR EHWWHUFU\VWDOVWUXFWXUHVDV WHPSHUDWXUHLQFUHDVHV$ZDMD3DYHO

    $SSOLFDWLRQVSURGXFWLRQDQGLVVXHV

    %HFDXVH RI LWV ORZ FRVW 7KRPSVRQ HW DO H[FHOOHQW WHQVLOH VWUHQJWK FKHPLFDO

    UHVLVWDQFHFODULW\SURFHVVDELOLW\DQGUHDVRQDEOHWKHUPDOVWDELOLW\&DOGLFRWW3(7KDV

    EHHQ XVHG LQ D ZLGH UDQJH RI DSSOLFDWLRQV 7KH GHPDQG DQG XVDJH RI 3(7 ZRUOGZLGH

    DFFRUGLQJWRDSSOLFDWLRQLV VXPPDUL]HGLQ7DEOH6FKHLUV.DPLQVN\,WLV PDLQO\

    DSSOLHGLQWKHWH[WLOHLQGXVWU\ZKHUHPRUHWKDQRIDOOWKH3(7SURGXFHGZRUOGZLGHLV

    FRQVXPHG(QRUPRXVDPRXQWVDUHDOVR XVHGIRURWKHUDSSOLFDWLRQVLQFOXGLQJPDQXIDFWXUHRI YLGHR DQG DXGLR WDSHV ;UD\ ILOPV WKHUPRIRUPHG SURGXFWV HJ PDWHULDO KDQGOLQJ

    HTXLSPHQWVKRXVHZDUHVDXWRPRELOHSURGXFWVOLJKWLQJSURGXFWVVSRUWLQJJRRGVHWFDQG

    IRRGSDFNDJLQJ&DUUDKHU,/6,(XURSH2ODELVL,QIRRGSDFNDJLQJ3(7

    KDV EHFRPH WKH FKRLFH HVSHFLDOO\ IRU EHYHUDJHV PDLQO\ GXH WR LWV JODVVOLNH WUDQVSDUHQF\

    FRXSOHG ZLWKDGHTXDWH JDV EDUULHU SURSHUWLHV IRU UHWHQWLRQ RI FDUERQDWLRQ ,W SURYLGHV DQ

    H[FHOOHQW EDUULHU DJDLQVW R[\JHQ DQG FDUERQ GLR[LGH LQ WKH FDUERQDWHG VRIW GULQN VHFWRU

    ZKLFKKDVEHHQJURZLQJPRUHUDSLGO\WKDQRWKHUDSSOLFDWLRQV,QDGGLWLRQLWH[KLELWVDKLJK

    WRXJKQHVVZHLJKW SURSHUW\ UDWLR ZKLFK DOORZV OLJKWZHLJKW DQG VHFXUHO\ XQEUHDNDEOH

    FRQWDLQHUVZLWKODUJHFDSDFLW\:HOOH

    )LEHU

    3(7UHVLQIRUERWWOHV )LOP

    2WKHUV

    7RWDO

    7DEOH7KHJOREDOGHPDQGDQGIXWXUHSUHGLFWLRQRI3(7E\DSSOLFDWLRQ8QLWLQWKRXVDQG

    WRQV

    )URP LWV PDLQ DSSOLFDWLRQV 3(7 LV PDLQO\ FODVVLILHGDV ILEHUJUDGH RU ERWWOHJUDGH 7KHVH

    JUDGHV GLIIHU PDLQO\ LQ PROHFXODU ZHLJKWV LQWULQVLF YLVFRVLW\ RSWLFDO DSSHDUDQFH DQG

    SURGXFWLRQ UHFLSHV )LEHUJUDGH 3(7 KDV D QXPEHUDYHUDJH PROHFXODU ZHLJKW 0:Q RI

    WR JPRODQGLQWULQVLF YLVFRVLW\ ,9 RIWR G/J%RWWOHJUDGH3(7

    DYHUDJH PROHFXODU ZHLJKW UDQJHV IURP WR JPRO DQG ,9 IURP WR

    G/J$ZDMD3DYHO*XSWD%DVKLU

    3(7VSRSXODULW\KDVULVHQWUHPHQGRXVO\VLQFHLWGLVFRYHU\LQWKHHDUO\V,QWKH\HDU

    WKH JOREDO 3(7 SURGXFWLRQ FDSDFLW\ H[FHHGHG PLOOLRQ PHWULF WRQV SHU \HDU

    5LHFNPDQQ7KHWRWDOJOREDOFRQVXPSWLRQKDVULVHQIURPPLOOLRQPHWULFWRQVLQ

    3DV]XQ6S\FKDMWRPLOOLRQLQ3RKOHUDVFLWHGLQ.DUD\DQQLGLV

    $FKLOLDVDQGPLOOLRQLQ,+6,WLVH[SHFWHGWRJURZE\SHU\HDU

    IURP WR ,Q (XURSH DQG $PHULFD WKH ULVH RI 3(7 FRQVXPSWLRQ LV PDLQO\

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    4/8

    0DWHULDO5HF\FOLQJ7UHQGVDQG3HUVSHFWLYHV

    PDLQWDLQHGE\3(7ERWWOHSURGXFWLRQZKLOHLQ$VLDWKHH[SDQVLRQRI3(7XVHLVUHODWHGWR

    WKHKLJKHUSURGXFWLRQRIILEHUVGXHWR WKHVKLIWRIILEHUSURGXFWLRQIURPWKHLQGXVWULDOL]HG

    FRXQWULHVWRORZZDJHFRXQWULHV

    $ORQJZLWKWKHZLGHVSUHDGDSSOLFDWLRQRI3(7LVWKHLQHYLWDEOHFUHDWLRQRIODUJHDPRXQWVRI

    3(7ZDVWH3(7GRHVQRWKDYHDQ\VLGHHIIHFWVRQWKHKXPDQERG\DQGGRHVQRWFUHDWHDGLUHFWKD]DUGWRWKHHQYLURQPHQW+RZHYHUGXHWRLWVVXEVWDQWLDOIUDFWLRQE\YROXPHLQWKH

    ZDVWH VWUHDP DQG LWV KLJK UHVLVWDQFH WR WKH DWPRVSKHULF DQG ELRORJLFDO DJHQWV LW LVFRQVLGHUHGDVDQR[LRXVPDWHULDO3DV]XQ6S\FKDM:LWKWKHLQFUHDVHLQWKHDPRXQW

    RI3(7ZDVWHVLWVGLVSRVDOEHJDQWRSRVHVHULRXVHFRQRPLFDODQGHQYLURQPHQWDOSUREOHPV

    ,QYLHZ RIWKH LQFUHDVLQJ HQYLURQPHQWDO DZDUHQHVVLQ WKH VRFLHW\ UHF\FOLQJ UHPDLQV WKHPRVW YLDEOH RSWLRQ IRU WKH WUHDWPHQW RI ZDVWH 3(7 (QYLURQPHQWDO DQG HFRQRPLFFRQVLGHUDWLRQVDVZHOODVHQHUJ\FRQVHUYDWLRQLVVXHVSXVKHGWKHZLGHVFDOHUHF\FOLQJRI3(7

    1LUHW DO LWZDVQRW VLPSO\ D WUHQGRU DQHZ PDUNHWLQJ VWUDWHJ\WR PDNHD SURILW

    *UDVVRDVFLWHGLQ6KXNOD.XONDUQL7KHUHF\FOLQJRI3(7GRHVQRWRQO\VHUYHDVDSDUWLDOVROXWLRQWRWKHVROLGZDVWHSUREOHPEXWDOVRFRQWULEXWHVWRWKHFRQVHUYDWLRQRI

    UDZSHWURFKHPLFDOSURGXFWVDQGHQHUJ\3URGXFWVPDGHIURPUHF\FOHGSODVWLFVFDQUHVXOWLQFDSLWDOVDYLQJDV FRPSDUHGWRPDNLQJWKHVDPHSURGXFWIURPYLUJLQUHVLQ6LQKDHW

    DO1HYHUWKHOHVV:HOOHQRWHGWKDWWKHPDLQGULYLQJIRUFHLQ3(7UHF\FOLQJLVQRWFRVWUHGXFWLRQ EXW WKH EXVLQHVV VHFWRUV HPEUDFLQJ RI VXVWDLQDELOLW\ HWKLFV DQG WKH SXEOLFV

    FRQFHUQDERXWWKHHQYLURQPHQW:HOOH

    3(7UHF\FOLQJPHWKRGV

    3(7LVFRQVLGHUHGRQHRIWKHHDVLHVWPDWHULDOVWRUHF\FOHDQGLVVHFRQGRQO\WRDOXPLQXPLQ

    WHUPV RI WKH VFUDS YDOXHV IRU UHF\FOHG PDWHULDOV 6KFHLUV %HFDXVH RI WKLV 3(7

    UHF\FOLQJ KDV EHHQ RQH RIWKH PRVW VXFFHVVIXO DQG ZLGHVSUHDG DPRQJ SRO\PHU UHF\FOLQJ.DUD\DQLGGLV HW DO .DUD\DQLGGLV $FKLOLDV 3(7 UHF\FOLQJPHWKRGV FDQ EH

    FDWHJRUL]HGLQWRIRXUJURXSVQDPHO\SULPDU\VHFRQGDU\WHUWLDU\DQGTXDWHUQDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    7KHUHLVDOVRDVRFDOOHG]HURRUGHUUHF\FOLQJWHFKQLTXHZKLFKLQYROYHVWKHGLUHFWUHXVHRI

    D3(7ZDVWHPDWHULDO1LNOHV)DUDKDW7KHUHDUHPDQ\RWKHUWHUPLQRORJLHVXVHGIRU

    WKHVH SODVWLF UHF\FOLQJ FDWHJRULHV +RSHZHOO DQG KLV FROOHDJXHV KDYH VXPPDUL]HG WKHVH

    GLIIHUHQWWHUPLQRORJLHV+RSHZHOOHWDO

    3ULPDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    3ULPDU\UHF\FOLQJDOVRNQRZQDVUHH[WUXVLRQLVWKHROGHVWZD\RIUHF\FOLQJ3(7,WUHIHUVWR

    WKH LQSODQW UHF\FOLQJ RI WKH VFUDS PDWHULDOV WKDW KDYH VLPLODU IHDWXUHV WR WKH RULJLQDO

    SURGXFWV7KLVSURFHVVHQVXUHVVLPSOLFLW\DQGORZFRVWEXWUHTXLUHVXQFRQWDPLQDWHGVFUDS

    DQG RQO\ GHDOVZLWKVLQJOHW\SH ZDVWHPDNLQJ LWDQ XQSRSXODU FKRLFH IRU UHF\FOHUV $O6DOHP$O6DOHPHWDO

    6HFRQGDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    6HFRQGDU\UHF\FOLQJDOVRNQRZQDVPHFKDQLFDOUHF\FOLQJZDVFRPPHUFLDOL]HGLQWKHV

    ,WLQYROYHVVHSDUDWLRQRIWKHSRO\PHUIURPLWVFRQWDPLQDQWVDQGUHSURFHVVLQJLWWRJUDQXOHVYLDPHFKDQLFDOPHDQV0HFKDQLFDOUHF\FOLQJVWHSVLQFOXGHVRUWLQJDQGVHSDUDWLRQRIZDVWHV

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    5/8

    5HFHQW'HYHORSPHQWVLQWKH&KHPLFDO5HF\FOLQJRI3(7

    UHPRYDORIFRQWDPLQDQWVUHGXFWLRQRIVL]HE\FUXVKLQJDQGJULQGLQJH[WUXVLRQE\KHDWDQGUHIRUPLQJ$JXDGR6HUUDQR7KHPRUHFRPSOH[DQGFRQWDPLQDWHGWKHZDVWHLVWKH

    PRUHGLIILFXOWLWLVWRUHF\FOHPHFKDQLFDOO\$PRQJWKHPDLQLVVXHVRIVHFRQGDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    DUHWKHKHWHURJHQHLW\RIWKHVROLGZDVWHDQGWKHGHJUDGDWLRQRIWKHSURGXFWSURSHUWLHVHDFKWLPH LW LV UHF\FOHG 6LQFH WKH UHDFWLRQV LQ SRO\PHUL]DWLRQ DUH DOO UHYHUVLEOH LQ WKHRU\ WKHHPSOR\PHQW RI KHDW UHVXOWV WR SKRWRR[LGDWLRQ DQG PHFKDQLFDO VWUHVVHV FDXVLQJ

    GHWHULRUDWLRQ RI WKHSURGXFWV SURSHUWLHV $QRWKHU SUREOHP LV WKH XQGHVLUDEOH JUD\FRORXU

    UHVXOWLQJIURPWKHZDVWHVWKDWKDYHWKHVDPHW\SHRIUHVLQEXWRIGLIIHUHQWFRORU

    7HUWLDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    7HUWLDU\ UHF\FOLQJ PRUH FRPPRQO\ NQRZQ DV FKHPLFDO UHF\FOLQJ LQYROYHV WKH

    WUDQVIRUPDWLRQ RI WKH 3(7 SRO\PHU FKDLQ 8VXDOO\ E\ PHDQVRI VROYRO\WLFFKDLQ FOHDYDJH

    WKLV SURFHVV FDQ HLWKHU EH D WRWDO GHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQ EDFN WR LWV PRQRPHUV RU D SDUWLDO

    GHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQWRLWVROLJRPHUVDQGRWKHULQGXVWULDOFKHPLFDOV6LQFH3(7LVDSRO\HVWHU

    ZLWKIXQFWLRQDOHVWHUJURXSVLWFDQEHFOHDYHGE\VRPHUHDJHQWVVXFKDVZDWHUDOFRKROV

    DFLGV JO\FROV DQG DPLQHV $OVR 3(7 LV IRUPHG WKURXJK D UHYHUVLEOH SRO\FRQGHQVDWLRQ

    UHDFWLRQVR LWFDQ EHWUDQVIRUPHG EDFN WRLWV PRQRPHU RUROLJRPHUXQLWV E\SXVKLQJWKH

    UHDFWLRQWRWKHRSSRVLWHGLUHFWLRQWKURXJKWKHDGGLWLRQRIDFRQGHQVDWLRQSURGXFW7KHVHORZ

    PROHFXODU SURGXFWV FDQ WKHQ EH SXULILHG DQG UHXVHG DV UDZ PDWHULDOV WR SURGXFH KLJK

    TXDOLW\FKHPLFDOSURGXFWV&DUWDHWDO

    $PRQJWKHUHF\FOLQJPHWKRGVFKHPLFDOUHF\FOLQJLVWKHPRVWHVWDEOLVKHGDQGWKHRQO\RQH

    DFFHSWDEOHDFFRUGLQJWRWKHSULQFLSOHVRIVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWGHILQHGDVGHYHORSPHQW

    WKDW PHHWV WKH QHHGV RI SUHVHQW JHQHUDWLRQ ZLWKRXW FRPSURPLVLQJ WKH DELOLW\ RI IXWXUH

    JHQHUDWLRQV WR PHHW WKHLU QHHGV +DUULV :RUOG &RPPLVVLRQ RQ (QYLURQPHQW DQG

    'HYHORSPHQWEHFDXVHLWOHDGVWRWKHIRUPDWLRQRIWKHUDZPDWHULDOVPRQRPHUVIURPZKLFKWKHSRO\PHULVRULJLQDOO\PDGH,QWKLVZD\WKHHQYLURQPHQWLVQRWVXUFKDUJHGDQG

    WKHUHLV QRQHHGIRU H[WUD UHVRXUFHV IRU WKH SURGXFWLRQ RI3(7 $FKLOLDV .DUD\DQQLGLV

    7KH UHDFWLRQ PHFKDQLVP IRU 3(7 GHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQ FRQVLVWV RI WKUHH UHYHUVLEOH UHDFWLRQV

    )LUVW WKH FDUERQ\O FDUERQ LQ WKH SRO\PHU FKDLQ XQGHUJRHV UDSLG SURWRQDWLRQ ZKHUH WKH

    FDUERQ\OR[\JHQLVFRQYHUWHGWRD VHFRQGK\GUR[\OJURXS6HFRQGWKHK\GUR[\OR[\JHQRI

    WKHDGGHGK\GUR[\OEHDULQJ PROHFXOHVORZO\DWWDFNVWKH SURWRQDWHGFDUER[\OFDUERQDWRP

    7KLUGWKHFDUERQ\OR[\JHQZKLFKZDVFRQYHUWHGWRK\GUR[\OJURXSLQWKHILUVWVWHSDQGD

    SURWRQ DUH UDSLGO\ UHPRYHG WR IRUP ZDWHU RU D VLPSOH DOFRKRO DQG WKH FDWDO\WLF SURWRQ

    3DWWHUVRQ

    $V VKRZQ LQ )LJ -DQVVHQ YDQ 6DQWHQ WKHUH DUH WKUHH PDLQ PHWKRGV LQ 3(7

    FKHPLFDO UHF\FOLQJ GHSHQGLQJ RQ WKH DGGHG K\GUR[\O EHDULQJ PROHFXOH JO\FRO IRU

    J\OFRO\VLV PHWKDQRO IRU PHWKDQRO\VLV DQG ZDWHU IRU K\GURO\VLV 2WKHU PHWKRGV LQFOXGH

    DPLQRO\VLV DQG DPPRQRO\VLV ,W KDV EHHQ ILYH GHFDGHV VLQFH WKH VWDUW RI 3(7 FKHPLFDO

    UHF\FOLQJUHVHDUFKZKHQ SDWHQWVZHUH ILOHGE\ 9HUHLQLJWH *ODQ]VWRII)DEULNHQLQWKH V

    9HUHLQLJWH *ODQ]VWRII)DEULNHQ 6LQFH WKHQ QXPHURXV UHVHDUFKHV KDYH EHHQ

    GRQHLQRUGHUWRIXOO\XQGHUVWDQGWKHFKHPLFDOSDWKZD\VRIWKHGHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQPHWKRGV

    DQGLPSURYHGHVLUHGSURGXFWV\LHOGIURPWKHVHPHWKRGV

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    6/8

    0DWHULDO5HF\FOLQJ7UHQGVDQG3HUVSHFWLYHV

    )LJ'LIIHUHQWVROYRO\VLVPHWKRGVIRU3(7GHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQ

    +\GURO\VLV

    +\GURO\VLVLQYROYHVWKHGHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQRI3(7WRWHUHSKWKDOLFDFLG73$DQGHWK\OHQH

    JO\FROE\WKHDGGLWLRQRIZDWHULQDFLGLFDONDOLQHRUQHXWUDOHQYLURQPHQW7KHK\GURO\VLVSURGXFWV PD\ EH XVHG WR SURGXFH YLUJLQ 3(7 RU PD\ EH FRQYHUWHG WR PRUH H[SHQVLYH

    FKHPLFDOVOLNHR[DOLFDFLG

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    7/8

    5HFHQW'HYHORSPHQWVLQWKH&KHPLFDO5HF\FOLQJRI3(7

    'LHWK\OHQH JO\FRO .DUD\DQQLGLV HW DO WULHWK\OHQH JO\FRO g]WUN *oO SURS\OHQH JO\FRO *FO HW DO 9DLG\D 1DGNDUQL RU GLSURS\OHQH JO\FRO-RKQVRQ7HHWHUVDVFLWHGLQ6LQKDHWDOPD\DOVREHXVHGDVVROYHQWLQ3(7JO\FRO\VLV

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

    )LJ5HDFWLRQVFKHPHIRUWKHJO\FRO\VLVRI3(7

    4XDWHUQDU\UHF\FOLQJ

    4XDWHUQDU\UHF\FOLQJUHSUHVHQWVWKHUHFRYHU\RIHQHUJ\FRQWHQWIURPWKHSODVWLFZDVWHE\LQFLQHUDWLRQ:KHQWKHFROOHFWLRQVRUWLQJDQGVHSDUDWLRQRISODVWLFVZDVWHDUHGLIILFXOWRU

    +2&+&+2&+&+2+

    +2&+&+2&+&+2+

    +2&+&+2+

    &

    2

    2&+&+2+&

    2

    +2&+&+2

    &

    2

    2&

    2

    2 &+&+

    P

    &

    2

    2&+&+&

    2

    2

    Q

    &

    2

    2&+&+2&

    2

    +2&+&+2 &

    2

    2&+&+2+&

    2

    %+(7GLPHU

    %+(7

    '(*

    7(*

    2OLJRPHUVPQ

    3ULPDU\UHDFWLRQ6HFRQGDU\UHDFWLRQ

    (*

  • 7/28/2019 Recycling of PET - Chemical Aspects - Part 1

    8/8

    0DWHULDO5HF\FOLQJ7UHQGVDQG3HUVSHFWLYHV

    HFRQRPLFDOO\ QRW YLDEOH RU WKH ZDVWH LV WR[LF DQG KD]DUGRXV WR KDQGOH WKH EHVW ZDVWHPDQDJHPHQWRSWLRQLVLQFLQHUDWLRQWRUHFRYHUWKHFKHPLFDOHQHUJ\VWRUHGLQSODVWLFVZDVWHLQWKHIRUPRIWKHUPDOHQHUJ\+RZHYHULWLVWKRXJKWWREHHFRORJLFDOO\XQDFFHSWDEOHGXHWRSRWHQWLDOKHDOWKULVNVIURPWKHDLUERUQWR[LFVXEVWDQFHV

    *O\FRO\WLFGHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQRI3(7

    6WXGLHVRQWKHNLQHWLFVRI3(7JO\FRO\VLV&DPSDQHOOLHWDOE-&KHQ/&KHQKDYHVKRZQWKDWJO\FRO\VLVZLWKRXWDFDWDO\VWLVYHU\VORZDQGFRPSOHWHGHSRO\PHUL]DWLRQRI3(7WR%+(7FDQQRWEHDFKLHYHG,WDOVR\LHOGVDQHQGSURGXFWWKDWFRQWDLQVVLJQLILFDQWDPRXQWRIRWKHUROLJRPHUVLQDGGLWLRQWRWKH%+(7PRQRPHU7KLVUHVXOWVLQGLIILFXOW\LQUHFRYHULQJWKH%+(7PRQRPHUZKHQLWLV WKHGHVLUHGSURGXFW7KXVUHVHDUFKHIIRUWVKDYH

    EHHQGLUHFWHGWRZDUGVLQFUHDVLQJWKHUDWHDQG%+(7PRQRPHU\LHOGE\GHYHORSLQJKLJKO\HIILFLHQW FDWDO\VWV DQG RWKHU WHFKQLTXHV DQG RSWLPL]LQJ WKH UHDFWLRQ FRQGLWLRQV HJWHPSHUDWXUHWLPH3(7(*UDWLR3(7FDWDO\VWUDWLR2WKHUVVRXJKWIRUDSSOLFDWLRQVRIWKHJO\FRO\VLVSURGXFWZLWKRXWWKH VHSDUDWLRQRIROLJRPHUV*U]HELHQHN:HVRORZVNL6WLOORWKHUVVRXJKWIRUPRUHHFRIULHQGO\JO\FRO\WLFSURFHVV7ZRGHFDGHVDIWHUWKHEHJLQQLQJRI 3(7 JO\FRO\VLV UHVHDUFK WKHVH HIIRUWV UHVXOWHG LQ WKH VLJQLILFDQW LQFUHDVH LQ %+(7PRQRPHU\LHOGIURPMXVWZLWKKRXUVUHDFWLRQWLPHWRDWOHDVWZLWKDVLJQLILFDQWO\UHGXFHGUHDFWLRQWLPHRIDURXQGPLQXWHV

    &DWDO\]HGJO\FRO\VLV

    7KH PRVW VWXGLHGPHWKRG RI LQFUHDVLQJ WKH JO\FRO\VLV UDWH LV FDWDO\VLV 3(7 JO\FRO\VLV LVFRQVLGHUHG D WUDQVHVWHULILFDWLRQ UHDFWLRQ 7KXV WUDQVHVWHULILFDWLRQ FDWDO\VWV KDYH EHHQDSSOLHGWRLQFUHDVHWKHUHDFWLRQUDWHRI3(7JO\FORVLVZLWKPHWDOEDVHGFDWDO\VWVEHLQJWKHPRVWSRSXODU+HOZDQLHWDODQG6FKXFKDUGWHWDOKDYHOLVWHGDOOWKHFDWDO\VWVWKDWKDYHEHHQXVHG EHIRUH LQRWKHU WUDQVHVWHULILFDWLRQ UHDFWLRQV +HOZDQL HW DO 6FKXFKDUGW HW DO

    )LJ VKRZV WKH UHDFWLRQPHFKDQLVPV RIXQFDWDO\]HGJO\FRO\VLV DQG WKDWRI JO\FRO\VLVZLWKPHWDOEDVHGFDWDO\VW6KXNOD+DUDG3LQJDOHHWDO$IUHHHOHFWURQSDLURQWKH(*R[\JHQLQLWLDWHVWKHUHDFWLRQE\DWWDFNLQJWKHFDUERQ\OFDUERQRIWKHHVWHUJURXSRIWKHSRO\HVWHU7KHK\GUR[\HWK\OJURXSRIHWK\OHQHJO\FROWKHQIRUPVD ERQGZLWKWKHFDUERQ\OFDUERQRIWKHSRO\HVWHUEUHDNLQJWKH ORQJFKDLQLQWRVKRUWFKDLQROLJRPHUVDQGILQDOO\%+(7

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