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Dr. John M. DeGrove Webinar Series:
Recycle Right to Meet Industry Challenges
John Moran PhotographyVivian Young1000 Friends of Florida
1000 Friends of FloridaBuilding Better Communities & Saving Special Places
Florida’s leading nonprofit advocate for sustainable development
Work with citizens, community and state leaders, conservation and business groups
Educate, advocate and negotiate to protect Florida’s high quality of life
Please support us at www.1000friendsofflorida.org/donate-now/
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Dr. John M. DeGrove
May 4, 1924 – April 13, 2012
Icon of comprehensive planning both in Florida and across the nation
Co-founder of 1000 Friends of Florida
To find out more, please visit:www.1000friendsofflorida.org/dr-degrove/
Dr. John M. DeGrove Webinar SponsorsFLORIDA STEWARD
Archibald Foundation
NATHANIEL REED SOCIETY
Mosaic
FRIEND
Mr. Ronald Book, PA
Codina Management, LLC
Ms. Kimberly A. DeGrove and Dr. William Partin
Dickman Law Firm
William Howard Flowers, Jr. Foundation, Inc.
Keith Team
Kitson & Partners
The Perkins Charitable Foundation
Mr. Robert M. Rhodes
Dr. John M. DeGrove Webinar SponsorsSPONSOR
Thomas J. Baird
Mr. William M. DeGrove
Ms. Susan Trevarthen
SUPPORTER
American Planning Association, Florida Chapter
Charlotte Harbor Estuary Program
Doug Crowley Insurance Services
Mr. Russell DeGrove
David M. Orshefsky
Ms. Nancy Ellen Stroud
Synovus
Thomson Brock Luger & Company
Dr. John M. DeGrove Webinar Series
FREE JANUARY WEBINAR — Florida Legislative UpdateTuesday, January 22, noon to 1:30, Eastern Time
FREE MARCH WEBINAR – 2019 Florida Legislative UpdateWednesday, March 27, noon to 1:30, Eastern Time
Register or find out more at www.1000friendsofflorida.org/webinar/
Support 1000 Friends!
Donate on-line at www.1000friendsofflorida.org/donate-now/
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This webinar has been approved for:
1.5 AICP CM for planners (#9162164)
1 CEC for Certified Floodplain Managers
.15 CEUs for Florida Environmental Health Professionals
2 Intermediate CLE Credits by the Florida Bar (#1808389N)
In the follow up email you will receive:
A certificate of attendance (use Google Chrome to download)
A link to a brief survey to help us improve future webinars
If you have sound issues:• Make sure the speaker on your
computer is turned on
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• On Go-to-Webinar control panel click on Audio box and do sound check and adjust accordingly
OR
• On Go-to-Webinar control panel click on Audio box and then Telephone and follow directions to call in
Please ask questions!•Your webinar control panel includes a “Questions” box
•Please click on “+” sign and type any questions in this box
•Please refer to the slide number and/or speaker when you post your question
•Please keep your questions succinct!
•Staff will ask the presenters questions, as time permits
Presenters
Karen MooreEnvironmental Administrator for the Waste Reduction (Recycling) and Waste Registration Section for the Florida Department of Environmental Protection
20 years of environmental experience
Previously the recycling coordinator in North Carolina and the Department’s Recycling Program, as well as, the successful Florida Green Lodging Program prior to her working as an engineer for the Petroleum Restoration Program
Continues to work with the Recycling Industry of Florida to reach the 75% recycling rate for municipal solid wasteby 2020
Dawn McCormickDirector of Communications for Waste
Management Inc. of Florida
Responsible for external and internal communications for Waste Management in
Florida, co-manages the company’s Public Affairs activities in Tallahassee and leads the
company’s Recycling Improvement initiatives in the state
Chair of the Florida Recycling Partnership, a board member of Sustainable Florida and
Keep Florida Beautiful, and Chair of the Legislative Committee of Recycle
Florida Today
A member of Leadership Florida’s Class XXXIV
Travis BarnesRecycling Coordinator for Hillsborough County
Over 10 years of experience working with local governments in public administration, land use planning, sustainability, and solid waste management
BA in Environmental Studies from the University of North Carolina and a Master’s degree in Public Administration from the University of North Carolina at Wilmington
Recognized as a Certified Manager of Recycling Systems by the Solid Waste Association of North America (SWANA) and a LEED Accredited Professional
Actively involved with several local and state environmental organizations including Keep Tampa Bay Beautiful, Recycle Florida Today, and the Florida Chapter of the U.S. Green Building Council where he has led green schools initiatives
State of Recycling in Florida
Karen Moore
17
State of Recycling in Florida
Karen Moore, Environmental Administration
December 6, 2018
Florida’s Recycling Goals403.706, Florida Statute
• The Legislature set a 75% statewide recycling goal for municipal solid waste by 2020.
• For 2014/2015, the threshold recycling rate is 50%. For 2016/2017 it increased to 60%. For 2018/2019 it goes to 70%.
• The Legislature also set that same goal for all counties over 100,000 population.
• The Legislature has directed all counties to report their recycling progress to DEP annually.
Progress Towards the Goal
• The statewide overall recycling rate, which includes renewable energy* recycling credits, decreased from 56% (2016) to 52% (2017)
• The statewide traditional recycling rate, which excludes renewable energy recycling credits, decreased from 44% (2016) to 42% (2017)
*Electricity produced from MSW or landfill gas
Rate Change – Why?•First Landfill Report by County of Origin Available in 2017•Better Data•Counties Can Better Track Their Municipal Solid
Waste• Waste being disposed outside county landfills
•Reported Landfilled Tons Increased•Recycling Rate Decreased
Information
Solid Waste Management in FL
(1988-2017)
Reaching the 75% Recycling Goal
The 75% goal is a weight based goal, therefore -
•Need heavier materials: push to recycle more C&D and Organics•Need more volume•Need additional credits
Implications of the 75% Recycling Goal
Information
2012: Methodology for calculating the recycling rate changed
• C&D materials and uses expanded to include:Concrete From:
RoadsBridgesSidewalksCurbsStorm/Sewer PipesCulverts
C&D used for lake fill and land fillAsphalt
Fuel or Fuel Substitute Recycling Credits
Implications of the 75% Recycling Goal
Information
• Recycling credits for municipal solid waste used for the production of renewable energy• Waste-to-Energy (WTE) Plants• Renewable Energy Plants – other than WTE• Landfill Gas
• Yard trash can be accepted at a Class I landfill if it uses an active gas collection system to collect landfill gas generated at the disposal facility and provides or arranges for a beneficial use of the gas.
• Landfill cover: daily, intermediate and final
Implications of the 75% Recycling Goal
Information
Single Stream Recycling• Contamination
• Large volume = Quantity NOT Quality•Goal focuses on volume not processing cost•Ambitious Residents•Not all items are accepted in recycling
programs•Hinders processing•More sorting = wasted energy=higher costs
Working Towards 2020 & Beyond• Workshops & Webinars
• Food Recovery/Diversion Workshop• December 12th, Second Harvest Food Bank of Central FL
• Sustainable Materials Management Workshop• Recycling Coordinator Training (Webinar)• Public Sector Reporting (Webinar)
• Education Campaigns • WRAP (Wrap Recycling Action Program)
• Rethink, Reset, Recycle
DEP Efforts“Rethink. Reset. Recycle.” education campaign in partnership with material recycling facilities across the state to address the need to educate residents on how to reduce contamination in single stream curbside recycling.
Working Towards 2020 & Beyond• Planning & Tools
• Working closely with Dr. Townsend on his State of the State research on the feasibility of reaching 75% goal and the possibility of shifting to sustainable materials management goal
• WasteCalc Update
• LISTSERV
• Encourage discussion and dialogue of important topics amongst those that drive recycling in the state
• Florida Recycling Coordinator ([email protected])
• Closed group for county and city recycling coordinators
Recycling Report: https://floridadep.gov/waste/waste-reduction/content/recycling
Information
75% Recycling Goal Report to the Legislature
Information
The report looks at options and recommendations provided by recycling industry stakeholders•Summary of Options•Single stream•Markets•C&D Recycling•Organics Recycling•Commercial Recycling •Education •Sustainable Materials Management
Report Conclusions
➢Recycling in Florida has changed vastly over the last 10 years. Many of the challenges have occurred due to changes in collection, shifts in the recycling markets and new and lighter weight packaging.
➢Florida’s current recycling rate is 52%; which is a 17% increase since the inception of the current goal (2012). However, without significant changes to the current approach, Florida’s recycling rate will likely fall short of the 2020 goal of 75%.
➢There is a developing consensus that suggest using a weight-based goal may not result in efficient or effective recycling; rather, incorporation of source reduction and sustainable materials management concepts into a comprehensive statewide recycling program may be needed.
Recycling Recognition Program
• Since 2012, DEP has awarded 33 establishments across the state with Recycling Recognition
certificates.
• About 50 candidates are in various stages of applying, assembling data, or improving their
recycling programs to qualify for recognition.
• We publicize certificate recipients on our web site.
33
Karen Moore
Florida Department of Environmental Protection
Waste Registration and Recycling Program
850-245-8864
https://floridadep.gov/waste/waste-reduction/content/recycling
Recycle Right to Meet Industry Challenges
Dawn McCormick
1000 Friends of FloridaRecycle Right to Meet Industry Challenges
Dawn McCormick
December 6, 2018
Our Recycling Reach: WM sold 9,781,209 tons of recyclables in 2017
In 2017, over 25% of world’s recyclables were imported by
China, including >50% of paper & plastics. Today <2% of mixed
paper goes to China. China pledges to ban all materials by 2020
China’s new import policies banning materials & limiting
contamination have global impacts on recycling programs in
communities across US
Operation Blue Sky = screening effort at China’s ports to inspect
loads, enforce material bans & 0.5% contamination limit
The reduction of China’s markets resulted in oversupply of
commodities & depressed commodity pricing. Supply is high &
commodity pricing low
Cities are being forced to carefully examine their recycling
programs, making difficult decisions about their rates and
materials
Consumers still want to recycle and recognize its environmental
value, but the economics have evolved
Current State of the Global Market
Following the Path of Recycled CommoditiesDestination of paper and cardboard recyclables 2017 vs 2018
WM is the 7th largest exporter of all goods (by
volume from the U.S. (2018)
27% of our fiber went into China in 2017
5% in Q1 2018
<3% in Q3 2018
Recyclers are continuing to build alternative markets
to move material. India, SE Asia, Europe and
domestic mills are all being used by WM’s marketing team.
2018
2017
New markets are also implementing bans/contamination restrictions.It’s too early to know what the impacts of the new tariffs will be.
April 2018
Blended Material value ~$40/ton today ($37.84)/ton or -48.2% from 2017 to 2018 creating a challenging
economic environment for recyclers and their customers.
Typical Single Stream CompositionBlended Value down 48% from a year ago
April 2018
Stream that has positive valueOnly 35% of Single Stream Materials have positive value today
• Plastics represents ~5% inbound stream• OCC curbside growth up 20% from e-commerce
Recycling 2018 - 2019
1 in 4 items placed in a recycling cart is
not recyclable!
0.5%
% Contamination
Enforced by China
>25%
Avg. Contamination %
in Our MRFs
We changed our
focus to recycle
right over the
last few years to
reduce confusion.
Educated
residents &
businesses about
the importance of
recycling to raise
diversion rates:
recycle often.
Single Stream
recycling was
simple &
convenient. The
focus was on
increasing volume
& participation.
What hasn’t changed:
✓ People still want to recycle & “do
the right thing”
✓ Florida has 75% aspirational
recycling goal by 2020 but not
achievable
✓ “The Right Thing” must be reframed
– not all materials can be recycled
What has changed:
✓ China is enforcing a 0.5% contamination rate and
complete ban of mixed paper and mixed plastics
✓ Operating costs have increased
✓ “Wish-cycling” leads to aspirational recycling
Single Stream Contamination
• Averaging 25% nationwide
• Some cities as high as 40%
• We must eliminate contamination (non-acceptable) materials from the recycling stream
It’s time to re-write the recycling playbook
• It is time to rethink/reset recycling programs.
• Which materials offer the best environmental
benefit and have an end market?
• Consider waste reduction too.
• Environmental benefits are our goal.
WHY do we recycle and WHAT should we recycle?
• Recycling conserves resources by creating secondary feedstocks for industry
• Conserving virgin resources by substituting recycled feedstocks for raw
materials is an recycling environmentally good thing to do
• Recycling makes environmental and business sense when done correctly
Why do we recycle?
Collection is not recycling
≠
• Recycling doesn’t happen until a material displaces virgin
resources
• Unless material becomes a feedstock for a new product, it
increases cost and environmental burden (and is “trash”)
• MRFs expected to recycle curbside materials regardless of end markets.
• Consumers expect “free” recycling. It’s not, it’s a SERVICE.
• Consumers expect whatever they put into their carts to be recycled.
• There is little understanding of technical/economic limits of recycling.
• Recyclables do not create an environmental or economic benefit
until they are sold as commodities and manufactured into products.
Impact on Material Recovery Facilities
Overview: Battle Against ContaminationThree-Phased Approach
Overview: Battle Against Contamination
• Monitor and grade
inbound material that
comes into our MRFs
and Transfer Stations
• Charge contamination
fees and reject loads
when necessary
Phase One: Transfer Stations and MRFs
Overview: Battle Against ContaminationPhase Two: Commercial Recycling
• Prevent contamination
in Commercial and
Roll-off containers
• Contamination fees per
yard (11 – 30%)
• Surcharge at over 30%
• Flat fee for roll-
offs/compactors
Overview: Battle Against ContaminationPhase Three: Residential Recycling
• Review existing
contracts and recover
costs with Residential
line of business and
Franchises
• Broward County
market reset ($96 per
ton processing/charges
for contamination)
Contract changes nationwide and in Florida
• Indianapolis. Rates up 100%.
• Staunton, VA. 16x more
• Stamford, CT. + $250,000. Now $700,000 cost.
• West Orange, NJ. 65% increase.
Florida:
• Madeira Beach. 116% increase.
• Winter Haven. 38% increase.
• Largo. 20% increase. + $300,000. Now $500,000 cost.
• Recycling suspensions. Deerfield Beach. Now reinstated.
• Recycling to WTE. Sunrise.
According to NWRA
Recycling vs Disposal Costs
Remember:
• In most cases, it is still less expensive to recycle (taking into account processing
costs and Average Market Value of commodities) rather than dispose of “good”
recyclables in a landfill or waste-to-energy facility (tip fees) – even though WTE
provides “recycling” credit in Florida unlike other states
• Residents want to, and expect to, recycle
• Businesses want to recycle to meet their sustainability and LEED certification goals
Education
• Simplify recycling education programs• Educate customers on how to “Recycle Right”• Waste Management offers the most comprehensive,
national education program at www.RORR.com
Customer Communication Reinforce the quality message at every step
MRF Worker Quick Reference Job Aid
Scale house/Break Room Poster
3rd Party MRF
CustomerLetter
The Recycling Rules Have
Changed
Contaminants like plastic bags,
textiles, food, & liquids are
wreaking havoc on our recycling
system. We need your help!
Follow the three rules at right &
visit www.RORR/resources/for-
business for tips & tools to
eliminate contamination & recycle
right.
FDEP – FloridaRecycles.org programUnderwritten by Waste Management, Waste Connections, MARPAN and Single-Stream
Recyclers LLC
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
GHG Impact of One Ton Recycled Material (MTCO2e)
Final Thoughts:
MARKETS
➢ As an country we can no longer depend on China.
➢ Identify other global markets; grow demand by encouraging use
of recycled content domestically.
➢ Review recycling programs. A material is NOT recyclable if it
does not have an end market.
➢ Educate decision makers that sustainable recycling requires
strong end markets.
CONTAMINATION
➢ All market customers will demand higher quality material. We can
and must work together to improve Quality and Eliminate
Contamination.
Final Thoughts:
EDUCATION
➢ Focus on robust, simple, “back to basics” education.
➢ Review county/city websites, social media, and outreach
programs.
➢ Strongly consider enforcement programs. Cart tagging. Fines.
Cart removal.
TEAMWORK
➢ We need to partner and lead. Reduce. Reuse. Recycle.
➢ Let’s work together to ensure recycling is both environmentally
and economically sustainable in the future.
Final Thoughts:
LEGISLATION
• 2018 – House Bill 1149 addressed recycling contamination.
• Bill drafted with input from Florida League of Cities and Florida
Association of Counties.
• Passed Florida House & Senate.
• Vetoed by Governor (per another part of the Environmental Bill).
• Reintroduce in 2019.
Waste Management’s Natural Gas Fleet
• Natural gas vehicles: 7,200
• Natural gas fueling stations: 114
• 2007 goal – reduce carbon dioxide fleet emissions by 15% by 2020
• Achieved goal in 2011, reducing emissions by 20%!
Waste Management’s CNG Fleet: Environmental Benefits
• Natural gas reduces diesel use by an average of 8,000 gallons
per year
• Cuts annual greenhouse gas emissions by 21% or 22 metric tons
• Reduces 80% of carbon monoxide, 25% carbon dioxide emissions
and 30% nitrogen oxides
WM’s CNG Fleet in Florida
700 CNG trucks in Florida -
the largest waste services fleet in the state
WM’s CNG Fueling Stations
• 12 stations in Florida
• Pompano Beach site serves third party customers
CNG Station Map
WM’s CNG Investment in Florida
Waste Management has made a total investment of
$100 million in CNG vehicles and fueling stations in the
State of Florida in the past seven years.
How Hillsborough County Is Responding to Recycling Processing Challenges
Travis Barnes, MPA, LEED AP
How Hillsborough County IsResponding to Recycling
Processing Challenges
Presented byTravis Barnes, MPA, LEED AP
Recycling CoordinatorSolid Waste Management Division
• County owned WTE facility- 1,800 tons per day capacity
• County owned landfill, 2 transfer stations, 5 community collection centers, 3 yard waste processing sites, and 3 HHW collection sites
• 2:1:1 residential collection performed by 3 franchise waste haulers
• Approximately 283,000 residential accounts
• Annually collect average of 62,000 tons of single-stream recycling
Overview of Solid Waste Services
Challenges Facing Recycling
• Market imbalance between supply and demand
• Some commodity prices have declined to historic lows
• Contamination is growing and increasing processing costs
• Public is confused about what can be recycled
• Competing goals: program costs vs environmental benefits
Loss of Recycling Revenue
$(10)
$(05)
$-
$5
$10
$15
$20
$25
$30
$35
$40
$-
$20,000
$40,000
$60,000
$80,000
$100,000
$120,000
$140,000
$160,000
$180,000
$200,000
AM
V
Reb
ate
Monthly Recycling Rebate
Total Revenue AMV
• Anticipate the needs and questions of elected officials, the media, and the public
• Avoid knee jerk decisions
• Remember recycling relies on human behavior
• More and better communication is crucial
Increasing Rejected Loads
• End users are being more selective (buyer’s market)
• MRFs costs are rising so they too are being more selective
• Rejections slow operations on the tipping floor
• Difficult challenge as just one household can ruin an entire truck of quality recycling (e.g. paint)124.49
718.46
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
FY17 FY18
Tons of Rejected Recycling
Contamination Causes…
• Less materials getting recycled successfully
• Damaged processing equipment
• Increased danger to staff
• Increased processing costs (double handling)
• Decreased value of outbound recyclables
• Less demand from end-markets
Why Don’t People Recycle Correctly?
• What can be recycled varies by community
• Lack of standardized containers and labels
• Increasingly diverse packaging
• 66% of Americans agree, “if a product is not easy/ convenient for me to recycle, I probably would not recycle it” –The Harris Poll/ISRI, Sept. 2018
The Public Still Demands Recycling
• 94% of households want to recycle –MassDEP Survey 2015
• 88% of Americans find having recycling services to be “valuable” –The Harris Poll for ISRI, Sept. 2018
• 62% of Americans consider it a “turn-off” if somebody doesn’t recycle –Recycling Partnership, Oct.18
HOWEVER…
• Only (34%) of Americans say they have a curbside recycling program that is “effective and efficient” –The Harris Poll for ISRI, Sept. 2018
Tools to Identify & Reduce Contamination
• Perform a composition study
• Conduct grading of inbound loads
• Evaluate your current communication and outreach efforts
• Explain the sorting process at the MRFs so residents better understand why certain items can’t be recycled curbside
• Simply stating an item is not recyclable is not enough
• Provide a justification for why items can’t be recovered
• It’s okay to tell people what NOT to do
• Use data to guide your program
• Tag and leave contaminated recycling carts uncollected
• Only 18% of survey respondents approved of “allowing collectors to refuse pick-up non-recyclable materials and leave them at the curb” – The Harris Poll for ISRI, Sept. 18
Use Data to Guide Your Program
• Working on developing data based geo-analytics tools to target recycling education by route where it will provide the greatest ROI
• Inbound grading of recycling loads
• Participation data
• Rejected loads
Increasing Outreach Initiatives
Launched Regional Recycling Campaignwww.TampaBayRecycles.org
Seek Free “Earned Media”
Keep Your Message Relevant
• Recycling programs are competing with the daily barrage of information
• Attention spans are getting shorter so keep message concise with a specific ask
• Research shows people are increasingly using web searches to get information
• Use creative ways to get people’s attention
Use the Free Resources Available to You
How Recycling is Changing in all 50 states
On the Horizon…
• Moving towards sustainable materials management using lifecycle analysis to guide policy
• Developing alternative goals beyond weight-based goals
• Increasing interest in dis-incentivizing or banning hard to recycle items
• Packaging is becoming more diverse and complex so the problem of contamination will always require constant attention
Feel Free to Contact Me:
Travis Barnes, MPA, LEED AP
Recycling Coordinator
Hillsborough County
813-209-3085 Office
HCFLGov.net/Recycling
www.TampaBayRecycles.org
Questions?
Questions and answers
Please ask questions!•Your webinar control panel includes a “Questions” box
•Please click on “+” sign and type any questions in this box
•Please refer to the slide number and/or speaker when you post your question
•Please keep your questions succinct!
•Staff will ask the presenters questions, as time permits
This webinar has been approved for:
1.5 AICP CM for planners (#9162164)
1 CEC for Certified Floodplain Managers
.15 CEUs for Florida Environmental Health Professionals
2 Intermediate CLE Credits by the Florida Bar (#1808389N)
In the follow up email you will receive:
A certificate of attendance (use Google Chrome to download)
A link to a brief survey to help us improve future webinars
Dr. John M. DeGrove Webinar Series
FREE JANUARY WEBINAR — Florida Legislative UpdateTuesday, January 22, noon to 1:30, Eastern Time
FREE MARCH WEBINAR – 2019 Florida Legislative UpdateWednesday, March 27, noon to 1:30, Eastern Time
Register or find out more at www.1000friendsofflorida.org/webinar/
Support 1000 Friends!
Donate on-line at www.1000friendsofflorida.org/donate-now/
(you may designate it for DeGrove Education Fund if you wish)
Email [email protected] to find out about becoming a DeGrove Webinar Series sponsor
AMAZON SMILE
Amazon will make a donation to 1000 Friends every time you purchase through their site at http://smile.amazon.com/ch/59-2761163
