___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Abraham Lincoln

Created the R___________________ plan that called for reconciliation. Reconciliation: Acceptance, Bringing about peace.

He believed that the preservation of the U_______________ (keeping the country together) was more important than p________________ the S___________Preservation: Keeping safe

What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass?

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Robert E. Lee

Urged S____________________ to reconcile at the end of the war and reunite as A__________________ when some wanted to continue to fight.Reconcile: to accept

He became P___________________ of

W______________________ C_____________ which is now known as Washington & Lee University.

What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass?

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Frederick Douglass

He fought for adoption of constitutional a___________________________ that guaranteed v______________ rights.

He was a powerful voice for human r_____________ and civil l________________ for all.

What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass?

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Abraham Lincoln Robert E. Lee Frederick Douglass

Created the R___________________ plan that called for reconciliation. Reconciliation: Acceptance, Bringing about peace.

Urged S____________________ to reconcile at the end of the war and reunite as A__________________ when some wanted to continue to fight.Reconcile: to accept

He fought for adoption of constitutional a___________________________ that guaranteed v______________ rights.

He believed that the preservation of the U_______________ (keeping the country together) was more important than p________________ the S___________Preservation: Keeping safe

He became P___________________ of W_________________ C_____________ which is now known as Washington & Lee University.

He was a powerful voice for human r_____________ and civil l________________ for all.

What were the lasting impacts(effects) of Abraham Lincoln, Robert E. Lee, & Frederick Douglass?

What are the basic provisions (parts) of the 13th, 14th, & 15th Amendments?

Amendments that guarantee equal protection under the law for all citizens.13th Amendment 14th Amendment 15th Amendment

Bans s__________________ in the U.S. & in its t_____________________________.

Grants c___________________________ to ALL persons born in the U.S. & guarantees them equal p_________________ under the l__________. (This did NOT apply to American Indians, though!)

Ensures all c_________________ that they have the right to v________ regardless of…or_____________,oc_____________, oroprevious condition of s_______________.This means f_____________ s___________ would have the right to vote.

Draw trigger pix with comic strip bubble here. Draw trigger pix with comic strip bubble here. Draw trigger pix with comic strip bubble here.

3. Some of the Reconstruction policies were harsh and created problems in the South.

Think about these policies. Which ones do y o u feel were harsh to the ordinary Southerner? Explain why.

** You need to memorize these policies!!!

A. Southern m__________________ leaders could NOT hold office.

B. African-Americans could hold p__________________ o_________________

C.African-Americans gained equal rights as a result of the… C_______________ R_________ A________ of 18_______ which authorized the use of federal troops for its enforcement.

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3. Some of the Reconstruction policies were harsh and created problems in the South.

Think about these policies. Which ones do y o u feel were harsh to the ordinary Southerner? Explain why.

** You need to memorize these policies!!!

D.N_________________ soldiers supervised the South.

E. Freedman’s Bureau was established tohelp former enslaved African-Americans.

F. Southerners resented northern “carpetbaggers” who took advantage of the South during Reconstruction.

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4.How did Reconstruction end?Reconstruction ended with the E_______________________ of _____________. 1.) F____________________ troops were removed from the South. 2.) Rights that African Americans had gained were l_____________

through B____________ C___________.

5.What were Black Codes?

These were laws that l_________________ the rights of African-Americans. They

were also called J______________ C_____________ laws.

Examples: * In Mississippi, black Americans were not allowed to grow their own crops to eat.* In some states, African Americans had to have written permission to enter towns.* There were nightly curfews for African Americans, no matter what age they were.

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Rutherford B. Hayes struck a deal:

Rutherford B. Hayes: 4,036,298 votes (48%)Democratic candidate: 4,300,590 votes (51%)

Votes were disputed in… South Carolina, Florida, and Louisiana

① What does RED mean?② What does BLUE mean?③ What does BROWN mean?④ Where are most of the red states?⑤ What party did most of the southern states vote for?

Republicans & Democrats struck a “deal.”

Democrats promised:• To not argue about Hayes

winning of the election.

• To recognize blacks as equal citizens. (But this didn’t happen.)

Republicans promised:• To keep out of the Southern states’

“business.”

• To make a southerner one of the President’s main assistants.

So… Hayes becomes President even though he didn’t win the most votes.

So, what happened after Reconstruction???

Plessy v. Ferguson - 1896

Plessy v. Ferguson

• Homer Plessy was 1/8 black & 7/8 white.

• He sat in the white section of a train.

• He was told to go to the “colored” car of the train.

• He was arrested.

1 of Plessy’s grandparents was ½ black, ½ white.

Homer’s Parents

Homer’s Grandparents

Homer’s Great Grandparents

Plessy’s

Family Tree

6. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

In L_____________________________, train companies used

s_______________________ cars for their customers. Homer Plessy was a

man who was 1/8 black. He entered the

t____________________ and sat in the w_______________ car of the train

instead of the c_______________ car of the train and was

a_________________________. H________________P________________

sued, but the c________________ stated that as long as the cars were

“r___________________ e____________,” separate cars were

l_________________.

7. What was the effect of Plessy vs. Ferguson?This decision by the c________________ actually gave permission for other

businesses to s_____________________, which they did.

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6. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)

In L_____________________________, train companies used

s_______________________ cars for their customers. Homer Plessy was a man who was 1/8 black. He

entered the

t____________________ and sat in the w_______________ car of the train instead of the

c_______________ car of the train and was a_________________________.

H________________P________________ sued, but the c________________ stated that as long

as the cars were “r___________________ e____________,” separate cars were

l_________________.

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The Supreme Court ruled thatseparate places were okay as long as

they were “roughly equal.”

Separate facilities Equal facilities

But it wasn’t equal.More & more businesses started to

segregate people by the color of their skin.

• Schools

• Hospitals

• Parks

• Restaurants

Georgia, 1938

It’s always been like this for us.

It’s always been like this for us.

Segregated school in Arkansas, 1949– over 70 yrs. after Reconstruction.

Segregated movie theater– African-Americans had to sit in the balcony.

8. What did some African Americans do to escape the oppression of the Southern governments?

They headed W ___ ___ ___ for a n___ ___

l___ ___ ___. They were often called e_________________________________.

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Reconstruction ended in 1877, but African-Americans would

struggle almost 88 more years until 1965 to receive equal rights.