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Reconstruction Plans:Lincoln vs. Johnson
September 5, 2013
Lincoln’s 10 Percent Plan (1863)
• Amnesty if proclaim loyalty to Union & free slaves
• NEED: 10% voters to proclaim loyalty & allowed to form state gov’t
• New state go v’t outlaw slavery
• Re-enter Union with full state benefits & representation in Congress
• GOAL: End War
Congress feels 10% too lenient
• Congress passes Wade-Davis Bill
• REQUIRES: 50% loyalty oath
• PLUS: Iron-Clad Oath
• Testify never aided or abetted rebellion
• Oath required to VOTE and serve in state gov’t
• GOAL: Ensure UNIONISTS in gov’t (not Confederates)
• Lincoln VETOES
• Andrew Johnson’s Plan:1. Limit Freedman’s Bureau (no 40 acres)2. Take loyalty oath to receive pardon for
participation in rebellion3. And…Confederate leaders and wealthy
farmers could appeal directly to Johnson for pardon– 13,000 pardoned
• Regain citizenship & all property (except slaves)
• Begin voting & form state gov’t• No concern for freed African Americans• GOAL: Wrap up Reconstruction quickly• WHO’S PLAN WOULD YOU CHOOSE?
WHY OR WHY NOT?
Southern State Governments• Restore Confederate leaders to POWER
Black Codes• Modeled off of slave codes that existed
before Civil War• Legalized marriage & allowed to own/ sell
property• NO (1) serve on jury (2) testify against white
person in court (3) interracial marriage• And special rules in some areas:
1. No African American in Mississippi could own/ rent farmland
2. African American criminals hired out as laborers to WHITE landowners
• Consequences of BLACK CODES???