Reconstruction(1865-77)

Union Deaths

360,000

Confederate Deaths

258,000

35.2 Million

(1865)

Would be the equivalent of

losing 6 million Americans today

Impact of the Civil War

Slavery is Abolished What issues are created with the end of

slavery? (Group Work) Confederate $$$ is worthless Railroads and

infrastructure destroyed

Lincoln’s Last Act

Wade-Davis BillMajority of White Men Take an Ironclad

Loyalty OathNo SlaveryElect New Government

No Former Government Officials or Confederate Military Leaders

Lincoln says NO – Pocket Veto

President Johnson v. Radical Republicans (Presidential Reconstruction v. Radical Reconstruction)

Andrew Johnson

Thaddeus

Stevens

(PA)

Charles

Sumner

(MA)

Reconstruction Issues

What to do with… Confederate Leaders Confederate Soldiers Confederate Citizens Former Slaves

Retribution/Justice v. Rehabilitation Rights of citizenship, land, education, etc. Radical Republican Power Grab?

Slaves

13th Amendment (r.1865)

Freedmen’s Bureau Family Reunification Education Basic Needs

Black Codes

(def.) Laws passed by southern state governments designed to limit the rights of African Americans Blacks could not vote, serve on juries, or

travel without employment, had to work in unskilled labor

Civil Rights Act of 1866 (H.111 to 38) (S.33 to 12) Johnson Vetoes – Congress overrides (How?)

14th Amendment (r.1868)

Equal Protection Clause No State shall make or enforce any law which

shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

15th Amendment (r.1870)

To the tune of “Three Blind Mice”:

Free, citizens, vote,13th, 14th, 15th.

It all happened after the Civil War,It all happened after the Civil War.

Free, citizens, vote,13th, 14th, 15th.

Military Reconstruction Act of 1867

Registered Texas Voters

White: 59,633

Black: 49,479

(Blacks were 30%)

Re-admission to representation in Congress

Tennessee - July 24, 1866 Arkansas - June 22, 1868 Florida - June 25, 1868 North Carolina - July 4, 1868 South Carolina - July 9, 1868 Louisiana - July 9, 1868 Alabama - July 13, 1868 Virginia - January 26, 1870 Mississippi - February 23, 1870 Texas - March 30, 1870 Georgia - July 15, 1870

Radical Reconstruction Works (ish) African Americans elected to office Republican Legislatures Repealed the

Black Codes

Johnson Impeached

Secretary of War, Edwin M. Stanton Tenure of Office Act

Problems

Carpetbaggers Scalawags Land Issues

Sharecropping Article

Racial Tensions Ku Klux Klan

Ulysses S. Grant Inexperienced “Whiskey Ring” Panic of 1873 1874, Democrats won

seats in Congress

Compromise of 1877

Samuel Tilden (D)

Rutherford B. Hayes (R)

VS.

"It is like writing history with Lightning. And my only regret is that it is all so terribly true."

-- President

Woodrow Wilson