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CENG 336

INT. TO EMBEDDED SYSTEMSDEVELOPMENT

Spring 2011

Recitation-1

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Recitations and Teaching Assistants

Introduction to PIC Lab Boards, PIC Assembly Language. (S.) PIC Assembly Language, MPLABIDE and demos. (S.) PICs I/O Ports (F.G) PICs Interrupts and timers. (F.G) Introduction to SDCC Small Device C Compiler. (F.G) Serial Communication with PICs, PICs ADC (Analog/Digital Convertor). (F.G)

Introduction to PIC18 series microcontrollers and tools, MPLAB C Compiler forPIC18 (or FreeRTOS) . (M.G , B. )

Introduction to PICOS18 (or FreeRTOS) . (M.G, B.)

S. : Serdar FT (office: A402)F.G : Fatih GKE (office: A301)M.G : Murat GENTAV (office: A401)B. : Bura ZKAN (office: A401)A.K : Alper KILI (office: Security Lab)

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Teaching Assistants

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Todays Outline

Introduction to PIC Lab Boards

Introduction to PIC arhictecture

PIC Assembly Language (Part I)

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Microcontroller:

Very little external support hardware.

Most RAM, ROM and peripherals on chip.

Computer on a chip, or System on chip (SOC)

Microprocessor:

Requires external support hardware

E.g., External RAM, ROM, Peripherals.

Microcontroller vs Microprocessor

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There are lots of microcontroller manufacturers

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We will use

PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller)

PIC16F877 and PIC18F4520

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PICs use the Harvard Architecture

Used mostly in RISC CPUs Separate program bus and data

bus: can be different widths!

For example, PICs use:

Data memory (RAM): asmall number of 8bit or 16bitregisters

Program memory (ROM):

12bit, 14bit, 16bit or 24bitwide (in EPROM, FLASH, orROM)

PIC Architecture

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14bit core - 35 instructions 200ns instruction time (Tclk = 20MHz)

8,092 14bit FLASHprogram memory

368 8bit data memory or registers (Fileregisters)

256 8bit EEPROM (nonvolatile) data

registers 8 level hardware stack

Interrupt capability (up to 14 sources)

33 pin I/O (for 40 pin package)

3 Timer/Counter modules

Timer0: 8-bit

Timer1: 16-bit Timer2: 8-bit

PIC16F877 Two Capture, Compare, PWM modules

- Capture: 16-bit

- Compare: 16-bit

- PWM: max. resolution is 10-bit

10-bit 8 channel Analog-to-Digital Converter

Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) with SPI and

I2C Universal Synchronous Asynchronous

Receiver Transmitter (USART/SCI) with 9-bitaddress detection

Parallel Slave Port (PSP) 8-bit

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For PIC16F877: MPLAB IDE with PIC Assembler SDCC - Small Device C Compiler open sourcedevelopment tool (from command line)

For PIC18F4520: We will use FreeRTOS or PICOS18 open sourcedevelopment tool.

UsbPicProg (install this version 0.4.0) To program the PIC on the development boardhttp://sourceforge.net/projects/usbpicprog/files/usbpicprog-software/usbpicprog-0.4.0-software/

Software Tools

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Resources Datasheet (s) MOST IMPORTANT!!! Reference Book: Design with PIC Microcontrollers,

John B. Peatman, Prentice Hall,1998.

Serdar, Fatih, Murat, Bura and Alper Internet 336 news group Vendors web site

www.microchip.com,http://forum.microchip.com Your friends (not recommended )

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4 HWs (3 hws with PIC16F877, last hw with PIC18F4520)

1st homework (7pts) and 2nd homework (8pts) will be

coded in PIC assembler language.

3rd homework (10pts) will be coded in SDCC (SmallDevice C Compiler).

4th homework (15pts) will be on real time operatingsystems, FreeRTOS or PICOS18 will be used.

HWs

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PIC16F877 Program Memory Organization

13 Bit Program Counter

capable of addressing an 8Kx 14 program memory

8 level stack Reset Vector: The program

comes to this address in the firststart or after the microcontrolleris reset.

Interrupt Vector: When an

interrupt occurs, the programautomatically comes to thisaddress.

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Program Memory Paging

The upper 2 bits of the address areprovided by PCLATH.

When doing a CALL or GOTO instruction,the user must ensure that the page selectbits are programmed so that the desiredprogram memory page is addressed.

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PIC16F877 DATA MEMORY

The data memory is partitionedinto multiple banks

General Purpose Registers

Special Function Registers Core (CPU) Registers

STATUS

OPTION_REG INTCON

PIE1

PIR1

PIE2

PIR2 PCON

Peripheral Registers ex. RCSTA, PR2...

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PIC16F877 DATA MEMORY Cont.

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PIC INSTRUCTION SET

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Some General Properties:

Instructions are encoded in binary in ROM.

The instructions are fixed format, each occupying 14 bits.

Categories of instructions:

Byte-oriented file register operations

Bit-oriented file register operations

Literal and Control operations

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

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Byte-oriented file register operations

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

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000 111 0 100 0111

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

Example

Add W andregister

Register number: 47hDestination is W

W := W + Reg[47h]

ADD W register content to 47h address

content and save the result to W register

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000 111 1 100 0111

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

Example

Add W andregister

Register number: 47hDestination isReg[47]

Reg[47h] := W + Reg[47h]

Only difference

from previousinstruction

ADD W register content to 47h address

content and save the result to 47h address

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Bit-oriented file register operations

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

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0100 101 010 1001

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

Example

Clear specified bitof the register

Register number: 29hBit 5 is to becleared

Clear 5th bit of 29h register content

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Literal operations

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

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11 1110 0001 0111

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

Example

Add literal instruction Value to add: 17h

ADD 0x17 value to W register content

and save the result to W register

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Control operations

INSTRUCTION FORMATS

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INSTRUCTION FORMATS

Example

101 000 0011 0010

Binary for GOTO Binary for 32h

GOTO 0x32

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Next Week

PIC Instruction Set will be continued MPLAB IDE will be introduced Demo programs and programming PIC

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Questions???

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