Recherches internationales sur le Qi Gong - · PDF fileRecherches internationales sur le Qi Gong Porquerolles, le 30 mai 2016 ... Qigong is one of the traditional complementary interventions

Recherches internationales sur

le Qi Gong Porquerolles le 30 mai 2016

Etudes reacuteunies par lIEQG-YS pour le Dr Yves Reacutequeacutena

Groundbreaking review of the evidence base for Qigong and Tai Chi The Most Comprehensive Review of the Health Benefits of Tai Chi and Qigong Published

August 31 2010 ndash The Institute of Integral Qigong and Tai Chi (httpwwwIIQTCorg) a training division of Health Action Inc in Santa Barbara California in collaboration with Arizona State University and the University of Arizona just released a comprehensive review of the health benefits of Tai Chi and Qigong Chinese wellness practices published in the prestigious American Journal of Health Promotion (AJHP)

The Chinese have had no need to prove that Qigong and Tai Chi are relevant medically or scientifically as it is widely believed in Asia that these practices have great physical mental and even spiritual benefits The Asian societies have performed Qigong and Tai Chi consistently for millennia ie these wellness practices are ldquotried and true However in the Western world Qigong and Tai Chi are not familiar The norm is to hesitate to grant that a concept or process has relevance and credibility until it has been proven to have quantifiable benefits

In the past when asked about the ldquoevidence baserdquo for Qigong and Tai Chi most advocates would simply respond ldquoThe Chinese have been doing these practices for thousands of years That is plenty of evidence of their valuerdquo Now a bona fide ldquoevidence baserdquo for Qigong and Tai Chi is emerging from within the scientific framework of the Western world

This recent collaboration to review the Qigong and Tai Chi literature has resulted in the most comprehensive review of the research literature on Qigong and Tai Chi that has ever been produced Dr Roger Jahnke OMD and his colleague Dr Linda Larkey applied a rigorous criterion wherein only the best randomized controlled trials were considered in the review The total of such research between 1993 and the end of 2007 was an impressive 77 trials This review presents the entire Qigong and Tai Chi ldquoevidence baserdquo in one comprehensive presentation

77 MEDICAL STUDIES CONFIRM THE HEALTH BENEFITS

OF QIGONG AND TAI CHI

77 MEDICAL STUDIES CONFIRM THE HEALTH

BENEFITS OF QIGONG AND TAI CHI (SUITE)

The importance of the article is so significant that it was reviewed on ABC News

The total number of study participants was 6410 with the highest number of studies 27 addressing psychological issues Cardiac studies numbered 23 and falls prevention trials numbered 19 Other areas of positive influence included bone density immune capacity quality of life and physical function

The authors concluded that ldquowith the mounting evidence for health benefits and the current progress in research methodology it is likely that Tai Chi and Qigong will play a strong role in the emerging integrative medicine system as well as in prevention based interventions in the evolving health care delivery systemrdquo

The researchers added ldquoThe substantial potential for achieving health benefits the minimal cost incurred by this form of self-care the potential cost efficiencies of group delivered care and the apparent safety of implementation across populations points to the importance of wider implementation and dissemination of Qigong and Tai Chirdquo

When asked what he felt was the most important aspect of the findings lead author Dr Jahnke stated ldquoThis highly visible review of the research literature on the wellness practices of Asian medicine demonstrates that there is a profoundly rich ldquoevidence baserdquo for the efficacy and safety of Qigong and Tai Chi In addition it demonstrates that Qigong and Tai Chi have similar health benefits clarifying that Qigong and Tai Chi are essentially equivalent forms of wellbeing enhancement practice This is an historic and immense contribution to the research base of integrative medicine wellness gentle excise mindfulness health promotion health-self reliance self-care stress mastery mind-body practice and energy medicinerdquo

Dr Jahnkersquos co-investigator and co-writer Dr Linda Larkey commented ldquobased on the findings our recommendations are that with the magnitude of the research demonstrating the relevance of Qigong and Tai Chi future research should investigate more of the component aspects of these mind-body and meditative movement practices such as the amount of time required to gain benefit the frequency of practice the mix of the key components (movement breath meditation) the depth of the mind focus etcrdquo

1 A REVIEW OF QIGONG THERAPY FOR CANCER

TREATMENT

httpwwwqigonginstituteorghtmlpapersReviewQG4Cancerpdf

Kevin Chen PhD and Raphael Yeung Originally Published in Journal of the International Society of Life Information Science20 (2) 2002

Abstract

Research studies of Qigong therapy for cancer for the past 20 years in China were reviewed from three different categories clinical study on human cancer patients in-vitro study of cancer cells and in-vivo study of cancer with Qigong therapy in an attempt to understand the role Qigong therapy plays in cancer treatment There is a lot of evidence suggesting that Qigong therapy has an inhibitory effect on can-cer growth both in vitro and in vivo studies as well as in clinical observation (often there was room for improvement in these studies and some studies require replication in order to verify their findings) Qigong therapy for cancer is an area that is often neglected by mainstream medicine and research and it should be seriously examined and considered as an important supplement to conventional cancer treatment

1 UNE ANALYSE DU QI GONG THEacuteRAPEUTIQUE DANS

LE TRAITEMENT DU CANCER

Reacutesumeacute

Des eacutetudes sur le Qi Gong theacuterapeutique pour le traitement du cancer au cours des 20 derniegraveres anneacutees en Chine ont eacuteteacute examineacutees agrave partir de trois cateacutegories diffeacuterentes eacutetude clinique sur des sujets humains atteints de cancer eacutetude in vitro de cellules canceacutereuses et eacutetude in vivo du cancer avec utilisation du Qi Gong theacuterapeutique pour essayer de comprendre le rocircle du Qi Gong theacuterapeutique dans le traitement du cancer

Il existe beaucoup de preuves indiquant que le Qi Gong theacuterapeutique a un effet inhibiteur sur la croissance du cancer agrave la fois dans les eacutetudes in vitro et in vivo ainsi que dans lobservation clinique (ces eacutetudes pourraient souvent ecirctre ameacutelioreacutees et certaines neacutecessitent drsquoecirctre reproduites afin de veacuterifier leurs reacutesultats)

Le Qi Gong theacuterapeutique contre le cancer est un domaine qui est souvent neacutegligeacute par la meacutedecine traditionnelle et par la recherche ll devrait ecirctre seacuterieusement analyseacute et consideacutereacute comme un compleacutement important aux traitements classiques du cancer

2 QIGONG FOR CANCER TREATMENT A SYSTEMATIC

REVIEW OF CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIALS

httpwwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed17653892dopt=Citation

Lee MS Chen KW et al Acta Oncol 200746(6)717-22

Source Complementary Medicine Peninsula Medical School Universities of Exeter amp Plymouth Exeter

UK myeongleepmsacuk

Abstract Qigong is a mind-body integrative exercise or intervention from traditional Chinese medicine

used to prevent and cure ailments to improve health and energy levels through regular practice The

aim of this systematic review is to summarize and critically evaluate the effectiveness of qigong used as

a stand-alone or additional therapy in cancer care We have searched the literature using the following

databases from their respective inceptions through November 2006 MEDLINE AMED British Nursing

Index CINAHL EMBASE PsycInfo The Cochrane Library 2006 Issue 4 four Korean Medical Databases

Qigong and Energy Medicine Database from Qigong Institute and four Chinese Databases Randomised

and non-randomised clinical trials including patients with cancer or past experience of cancer receiving

single or combined qigong interventions were included All clinical endpoints were considered The

methodological quality of the trials was assessed using the Jadad score Nine studies met our inclusion

criteria (four were randomised trials and five were non-randomised studies) Eight of these trials tested

internal qigong and one trial did not reported details The methodological quality of these studies varies

greatly and was generally poor All trials related to palliativesupportive cancer care and none to qigong

as a curative treatment Two trials suggested effectiveness in prolonging life of cancer patients and one

failed to do so We conclude that the effectiveness of qigong in cancer care is not yet supported by the

evidence from rigorous clinical trials

3 IMPACT OF MEDICAL QIGONG ON QUALITY OF LIFE

FATIGUE MOOD AND INFLAMMATION IN CANCER PATIENTS A

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL


Ann Oncol 2010 Mar21(3)608-14 doi 101093annoncmdp479 Epub 2009 Oct 30

Oh B Butow P Mullan B Clarke S Beale P Pavlakis N Kothe E Lam L Rosenthal D

Source Department of Medicine Concord Repatriation General Hospital University of Sydney Concord New South Wales Australia bsohmedusydeduau

Abstract

BACKGROUND Substantial numbers of cancer patients use complementary medicine therapies even without a supportive evidence base This study aimed to evaluate in a randomized controlled trial the use of Medical Qigong (MQ) compared with usual care to improve the quality of life (QOL) of cancer patients

PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred and sixty-two patients with a range of cancers were recruited QOL and fatigue were measured by Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue respectively and mood status by Profile of Mood State The inflammatory marker serum C-reactive protein (CRP) was monitored serially

RESULTS Regression analysis indicated that the MQ group significantly improved overall QOL (t(144) = -5761 P lt 0001) fatigue (t(153) = -5621 P lt 0001) mood disturbance (t(122) =2346 P = 0021) and inflammation (CRP) (t(99) = 2042 P lt 0044) compared with usual care after controlling for baseline variables

CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that MQ can improve cancer patients overall QOL and mood status and reduce specific side-effects of treatment It may also produce physical benefits in the long term through reduced inflammation

3 IMPACT DU QI GONG MEacuteDICAL SUR LA QUALITEacute DE LA VIE

LA FATIGUE LrsquoHUMEUR ET LES INFLAMMATIONS CHEZ LES

PATIENTS ATTEINTS DE CANCER UN TEST ALEacuteATOIRE

CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute

Contexte un nombre important de patients atteints de cancer utilise les theacuterapies de meacutedecine compleacutementaire mecircme sans base de donneacutees agrave lrsquoappui Cette eacutetude avait pour but drsquoeacutevaluer lors drsquoun test controcircleacute randomiseacute lrsquoutilisation du Qi Gong meacutedical (MQ) comparativement aux soins habituels destineacutes agrave ameacuteliorer la qualiteacute de vie (QOL ) des patients atteints de cancer

Reacutesultats Lrsquoanalyse de reacutegression a montreacute que le groupe MQ a ameacutelioreacute de faccedilon significative la qualiteacute de vie globale (t(144) = -5761 P lt 0001) la fatigue (t(153) = -5621 P lt 0001) les troubles de lrsquohumeur (t(122) =2346 P = 0021) et lrsquoinflammation (CRP) (t(99) = 2042 P lt 0044) par rapport aux soins habituels apregraves controcircle des variables de base

Conclusions Cette eacutetude indique que le Qi Gong meacutedical peut ameacuteliorer la qualiteacute de vie globale et lrsquoeacutetat de lrsquohumeur des patients canceacutereux et reacuteduire les effets secondaires speacutecifiques du traitement Des beacuteneacutefices physiques peuvent aussi ecirctre produits dans le long terme par une reacuteduction de lrsquoinflammation

4 QIGONG AMELIORATES SYMPTOMS OF CHRONIC

FATIGUE A PILOT UNCONTROLLED STUDY


Craske NJ Turner W et al Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 20096(2)265-70

Source Researcher amp Lecturer in Qigong amp Shiatsu Room D001 University of Derby Chevin Road Mickleover DERBY DE3 9GX UK jmcraskederbyacuk

Abstract

Traditional Chinese Medicine practitioners consider that chronic fatigue reflects a disharmony and depletion in the supply of qi in the body Qigong is one of the traditional complementary interventions used to strengthen qi through self-practice and to manage the state of qi to prevent and cure disease The aim of this study is to assess whether qigong could be used to manage the symptoms of chronic fatigue Eighteen Caucasian British female participants were recruited taught a qigong routine during weekly classes over 6 months and asked to practice it daily for 15 min Participants completed the core set of the RAND Medical Outcomes Study questionnaire (RAND MOS) and a sleep diary during the 2-week baseline control period and at 3 and 6 months following the start of the trial The qigong intervention resulted in significant changes in sleep rate score and in the following subscales of the RAND MOS SF36 Vitality Sleep Problems Social Activity Social Activity Limitation due to Health Health Distress Mental Health Index and Psychological Well-being Qigong seems to improve factors related to chronic fatigue such as sleep pain mental attitude and general mobility after 3 and 6 months Qigongs positive effects indicate that it represents a potentially safe method of treatment for chronic fatigued patients However we cannot completely discount the possible influence of placebo effects and more objective clinical measures are needed to reproduce our findings with long-term follow-up in a randomized controlled study involving a larger number of subjects

4 LE QI GONG REMEacuteDIE AUX SYMPTOcircMES DE LA

FATIGUE CHRONIQUE UNE EacuteTUDE PILOTE NON

CONTROcircLEacuteE Reacutesumeacute

Les praticiens de meacutedecine traditionnelle chinoise considegraverent que la fatigue chronique reflegravete un manque drsquoharmonie et une diminution de la quantiteacute de Qi dans le corps

Le Qi Gong est une des pratiques compleacutementaires traditionnelles utiliseacutees pour renforcer le Qi agrave travers lrsquoauto-pratique et pour geacuterer lrsquoeacutetat du Qi afin de preacutevenir et gueacuterir la maladie

Lrsquoobjectif de cette eacutetude est de deacuteterminer si le Qi Gong pourrait ecirctre utiliseacute pour geacuterer les symptocircmes de la fatigue chronique Dix-huit participants de sexe feacuteminin des britanniques de type caucasien ont eacuteteacute recruteacutes Un enchainement de Qi Gong leur a eacuteteacute enseigneacute lors de cours hebdomadaires pendant 6 mois et il leur a eacuteteacute demandeacute de le pratiquer quotidiennement pendant 15 minutes Les participantes ont rempli lrsquoensemble du questionnaire RAND Medical Outcomes Study (RAND MOS) ainsi qursquoun agenda de sommeil durant la peacuteriode de controcircle initiale de 2 semaines et agrave 3 et 6 mois suivant le deacutebut du test

Lrsquointervention du Qi Gong a donneacute lieu agrave drsquoimportants changements dans le score du taux de sommeil ainsi que dans les sous-eacutechelles suivantes du RAND MOS Vitaliteacute SF36 troubles du sommeil activiteacute sociale limitation des activiteacutes sociales en raison de la santeacute deacutetresse de la santeacute indice de la santeacute mentale et bien-ecirctre psychologique

Le Qi Gong semble ameacuteliorer les facteurs lieacutes agrave la fatigue chronique tels que le sommeil la douleur lattitude mentale et la mobiliteacute geacuteneacuterale apregraves 3 et 6 mois Les effets positifs du Qi Gong indiquent quil repreacutesente une meacutethode potentiellement sucircre de traitement pour les patients fatigueacutes chroniques

Cependant nous ne pouvons pas eacutecarter complegravetement la possible influence de leffet placebo et des mesures cliniques plus objectives sont neacutecessaires pour reproduire nos reacutesultats avec un suivi agrave long terme au cours drsquoune eacutetude controcircleacutee randomiseacutee impliquant un plus grand nombre de sujets

5 THE EFFECT OF QIGONG ON DEPRESSIVE AND ANXIETY

SYMPTOMS A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS OF

RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS

httpwwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed23762156

Wang CW Chan CL Ho RT Tsang HW Chan CH Ng SM Epub 2013 May 20

Source Centre on Behavioral Health The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

Abstract

Objective To evaluate clinical trial evidence of the effectiveness of qigong exercise on depressive and anxiety symptoms Methods Thirteen databases were searched from their respective inception through December 2012 Relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included Effects of qigong across trials were pooled Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for the pooled effects Heterogeneity was assessed using the I (2) test Study quality was evaluated using the Wayne Checklist Results Twelve RCTs met the inclusion criteria The results of meta-analyses suggested a beneficial effect of qigong exercise on depressive symptoms when compared to waiting-list controls or usual care only (SMDthinsp=thinsp-075 95 CI -144 to -006) group newspaper reading (SMDthinsp=thinsp-124 95 CI -164 to -084) and walking or conventional exercise (SMDthinsp=thinsp-052 95 CI -085 to -019) which might be comparable to that of cognitive-behavioral therapy (P = 054) Available evidence did not suggest a beneficial effect of qigong exercise on anxiety symptoms Conclusion Qigong may be potentially beneficial for management of depressive symptoms but the results should be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of RCTs and associated methodological weaknesses Further rigorously designed RCTs are warranted

5 LEFFET DU QI GONG SUR LES SYMPTOcircMES DE LA

DEacutePRESSION ET DE LANXIEacuteTEacute UNE ANALYSE MEacuteTHODIQUE ET

UNE MEacuteTA-ANALYSE DE TESTS CONTROcircLEacuteS RANDOMISEacuteS

Objectif Evaluer les preuves du test clinique de lefficaciteacute des exercices de Qi Gong sur les symptocircmes de la deacutepression et de lrsquoanxieacuteteacute

Meacutethodes Treize bases de donneacutees ont eacuteteacute examineacutees depuis leur creacuteation respective jusqursquoagrave fin deacutecembre 2012 Des tests controcircleacutes randomiseacutes (RCTs) pertinents ont eacuteteacute inclus Les effets du Qi Gong au cours des essais ont eacuteteacute regroupeacutes Des diffeacuterences moyennes standardiseacutees (SMDs) ont eacuteteacute calculeacutees pour les effets communs Lheacuteteacuterogeacuteneacuteiteacute a eacuteteacute eacutevalueacutee en utilisant le test I(2) La qualiteacute des eacutetudes a eacuteteacute eacutevalueacutee en utilisant la liste de controcircle Wayne

Reacutesultats Douze RCTs ont satisfait aux critegraveres dinclusion Les reacutesultats des meacuteta-analyses ont indiqueacute un effet beacuteneacutefique des exercices de Qi Gong sur les symptocircmes de deacutepression par rapport aux teacutemoins en liste dattente ou aux seuls soins habituels (SMD = -075 IC 95 -144 agrave -006) au groupe de lecture de journaux (SMD = -124 IC -164 agrave -084) et agrave la marche ou agrave lrsquoexercice conventionnel (SMDthinsp=thinsp-052 95 CI -085 to -019) ce qui pourrait ecirctre comparable agrave celui de la theacuterapie cognitivo-comportementale (P = 054) Les donneacutees disponibles nrsquoindiquaient pas un effet beacuteneacutefique du Qi Gong sur les symptocircmes de lanxieacuteteacute

Conclusion Le Qi Gong peut ecirctre potentiellement beacuteneacutefique pour la gestion des symptocircmes de la deacutepression mais les reacutesultats doivent ecirctre interpreacuteteacutes avec prudence en raison du nombre limiteacute de tests cliniques aleacuteatoires et des faiblesses meacutethodologiques associeacutees Drsquoautres RCTs rigoureusement conccedilus sont attendus

6 EFFECTS OF SCHEDULED QIGONG EXERCISE ON

PUPILS WELL-BEING SELF-IMAGE DISTRESS AND

STRESS


Terjestam Y Jouper J Johansson C J Altern Complement Med 201016(9)939-44

Source School of Education Psychology and Sport Science Linnaeus University Vaumlxjouml Sweden yvonneterjestamlnuse

Abstract

OBJECTIVES Psychologic problems is increasing among pupils and has become a major problem in Sweden as well as in other Western countries The aim of this study was to explore whether scheduled qigong exercise could have an effect on well-being at school psychologic distress self-image and general stress

SUBJECTS Pupils 13-14 years were assigned to either a qigong group or a control group

INTERVENTION The qigong group had scheduled qigong 2 times a week for 8 weeks

MEASURES Self-reported well-being at school psychologic distress self-image and stress were measured pre- and postintervention

RESULTS The control group had reduced well-being at school during the semester and the qigong group was stable The qigong group reduced psychologic distress and stress and had a tendency to improved self-image whereas no changes were found in the control group Self-image explains 47 (R(2)thinsp=thinsp047) of well-being at school and stress explains 29 (R(2)thinsp=thinsp029) of psychologic distress

CONCLUSIONS Scheduled qigong meditative movement is a possible way to improve well-being at school

6 EFFETS DES EXERCICES REacuteGULIERS DE QI GONG

SUR LE BIEN-EcircTRE LIMAGE DE SOI LrsquoANGOISSE ET LE

STRESS DES EacuteLEgraveVES

Reacutesumeacute Objectifs Les troubles psychologiques sont en augmentation chez les eacutelegraveves et sont

devenus un problegraveme majeur en Suegravede ainsi que dans dautres pays occidentaux Lobjectif de cette eacutetude eacutetait dexaminer si la pratique reacuteguliegravere du Qi Gong pouvait avoir un effet sur le bien-ecirctre agrave leacutecole la deacutetresse psychologique limage de soi et le stress en geacuteneacuteral

Sujets Les eacutelegraveves de 13-14 ans ont eacuteteacute assigneacutes soit agrave un groupe de Qi Gong soit agrave un groupe de controcircle (groupe teacutemoin)

Application Le groupe de Qi Gong avait preacutevu de pratiquer 2 fois par semaine pendant 8 semaines

Mesures Le bien-ecirctre auto-deacuteclareacute agrave leacutecole la deacutetresse psychologique limage de soi et le stress ont eacuteteacute mesureacutes avant et apregraves intervention

Reacutesultats Le bien-ecirctre agrave leacutecole avait eacuteteacute reacuteduit chez le groupe controcircle au cours du semestre et avait eacuteteacute stable pour le groupe de Qi Gong La deacutetresse psychologique et le stress ont eacuteteacute reacuteduits pour le groupe de Qi Gong et limage de soi preacutesentait une tendance agrave lameacutelioration alors quaucun changement navait eacuteteacute constateacute dans le groupe teacutemoin Limage de soi explique 47 (R (2) = 047) du bien-ecirctre agrave leacutecole et le stress explique 29 (R (2) = 029) de la deacutetresse psychologique

Conclusion La pratique reacuteguliegravere de Qi Gong mouvement meacuteditatif est une voie possible pour ameacuteliorer le bien-ecirctre agrave leacutecole

7 QIGONG FOR HYPERTENSION A SYSTEMATIC

REVIEW OF RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIALS


J Hypertens 2007 Aug25(8)1525-32 Lee MS Pittler MH Guo R Ernst E

Source Complementary Medicine Peninsula Medical School Universities of Exeter and Plymouth Exeter UK

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To assess systematically the clinical evidence of qigong for hypertension

METHODS Databases were searched up to August 2006 All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) testing qigong in patients with hypertension of any origin and assessing clinically relevant outcomes were considered Trials using any type of control intervention were included The selection of studies data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by at least two reviewers Methodological quality was evaluated using the Jadad score

RESULTS A total of 121 potentially relevant articles were identified and 12 RCTs were included Seven RCTs tested qigong in combination with antihypertensive drugs compared with antihypertensive drugs alone The meta-analysis of two trials reporting adequate data suggested beneficial effects in favour of qigong [weighted mean difference systolic blood pressure (SBP) -121 mmHg 95 confidence interval (CI) -171 to -70 diastolic blood pressure -85 mmHg 95 CI -126 to -44] Qigong was compared with waiting list control in two RCTs and was found to reduce SBP significantly (weighted mean difference -185 mmHg 95 CI -231 to -139) In three further RCTs the comparisons made were qigong combined with conventional therapy versus muscle relaxation combined with conventional therapy qigong as a sole treatment versus exercise All reported positive results in at least some of the relevant outcome measures The methodological quality of the studies was low

CONCLUSION There is some encouraging evidence of qigong for lowering SBP but the conclusiveness of these findings is limited Rigorously designed trials are warranted to confirm these results

7 LE QI GONG CONTRE LHYPERTENSION UNE

ANALYSE MEacuteTHODIQUE DE TESTS CLINIQUES

RANDOMISEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute Objectif eacutevaluer systeacutematiquement les preuves cliniques du Qi Gong contre lhypertension Meacutethodes les bases de donneacutees ont eacuteteacute examineacutees jusquagrave Aoucirct 2006 Tous les tests cliniques

randomiseacutes (RCTs) testant le Qi Gong chez les patients souffrant dhypertension de toute origine et eacutevaluant les reacutesultats cliniquement pertinents ont eacuteteacute pris en compte Les tests utilisant nimporte quel type dintervention de controcircle ont eacuteteacute inclus La seacutelection des eacutetudes lextraction des donneacutees et leacutevaluation de la qualiteacute ont eacuteteacute reacutealiseacutees indeacutependamment par au moins deux examinateurs La qualiteacute meacutethodologique a eacuteteacute eacutevalueacutee en utilisant le score de Jadad

Reacutesultats Un total de 121 articles potentiellement pertinents ont eacuteteacute identifieacutes et 12 RCTs ont eacuteteacute inclus Sept RCTs ont testeacute le Qi Gong combineacute agrave des meacutedicaments antihypertenseurs par rapport aux meacutedicaments antihypertenseurs seuls La meacuteta-analyse de deux essais rendant compte de donneacutees adeacutequates suggeacutera des effets beacuteneacutefiques en faveur du Qi Gong [ diffeacuterence moyenne pondeacutereacutee la pression arteacuterielle systolique (SBP) -121 mmHg intervalle de confiance agrave 95 (IC ) de -171 agrave -70 pression arteacuterielle diastolique -85 mmHg IC -126 agrave -44 ] Le Qi Gong a eacuteteacute compareacute agrave la liste drsquoattente de controcircle dans deux RCTs et a eacuteteacute reconnu pour avoir reacuteduit consideacuterablement la SBP (diffeacuterence moyenne pondeacutereacutee -185 mmHg IC -231 agrave -139 95) Dans trois autres RCTs les comparaisons effectueacutees eacutetaient Le Qi Gong combineacute agrave la theacuterapie conventionnelle par rapport agrave la relaxation musculaire associeacutee agrave la theacuterapie conventionnelle le Qi Gong comme unique traitement par rapport agrave lexercice Tous ont indiqueacute des reacutesultats positifs dans au moins quelques-uns des indicateurs de reacutesultats pertinents La qualiteacute meacutethodologique des eacutetudes eacutetait faible

Conclusion Il existe des preuves encourageantes indiquant que le Qi Gong puisse abaisser la SBP mais la valeur probante de ces reacutesultats est limiteacutee Des tests rigoureusement eacutelaboreacutes sont neacutecessaires pour confirmer ces reacutesultats

8 INTERNAL QIGONG FOR PAIN CONDITIONS A

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW httpwwwncbinlmnihgovpubmed19559656dopt=Citation

Lee MS Pittler MH Ernst E J Pain 200910(11)1121-1127 e14

Source Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon South Korea

Abstract The objective of this systematic review was to assess the evidence for the effectiveness of internal qigong as a treatment option for pain conditions Nineteen databases were searched through to February 2009 Controlled clinical trials testing internal qigong in patients with pain of any origin assessing clinical outcome measures were considered Trials using any type of internal qigong and control intervention were included The selection of studies data extraction and validation were performed independently by 2 reviewers Four randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and 3 controlled clinical trials met all inclusion criteria One RCT suggested no significant difference for low back pain compared with electromyographic biofeedback Two RCTs failed to show effects of internal qigong in neck pain compared with exercise therapy and waiting list control One RCT suggested that qigong is inferior to aerobic exercise in patients with fibromyalgia There are few RCTs testing the effectiveness of internal qigong in the management of pain conditions Collectively the existing trial evidence is not convincing enough to suggest that internal qigong is an effective modality for pain management

PERSPECTIVE This review of controlled clinical trials focused on the effects of internal qigong a self-directed energy healing intervention involving movement and meditation Collectively the existing trial evidence is not convincing enough to suggest that internal qigong is an effective modality for pain management Future studies should be of high quality with particular emphasis on designing an adequate control intervention

9 EFFECTS OF QI-THERAPY ON PREMENSTRUAL

SYNDROME


Jang HS Lee MS et al Int J Neurosci 2004114(8)909-21

Source Department of Nursing Wonkwang Health Science College Iksan Korea

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of Qi-therapy (nine sessions over two menstrual cycles) on pain and other symptoms in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS) Forty-six women who were attending college were randomly allocated to receive Qi-therapy (Qi-therapy group n = 23) or placed on a waiting list as controls (n = 22 1 dropped out) Qi-therapy had a significant effect on pain and water retention In addition there were significant short-term effects on pain mental depression and anxiety These results suggested that Qi-therapy might be useful as a nursing intervention for women who suffer from PMS to maintain or restore a balance of Qi

10 MODULATION OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGICAL

FUNCTION BY PSYCHOSOMATIC TRAINING

httpwwwncbinlmnihgovpubmedDb=PubMedampCmd=ShowDetailViewampTermToSearch=10818279ampordinalpos=1ampitool=EntrezSystem2PEntrezPubmedPubmed_ResultsPanelPubmed_RVDocSum

Ryu H Lee MS et al Psychoneuroendocrinology 2000 Jul25(5)439-51

Modulation of neuroendocrinological function by psychosomatic training acute effect of ChunDoSunBup Qi-training on growth hormone insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in men

Abstract

The neuroendocrine system is regarded as the major link between the psychological state and the immune system in man The present study was undertaken to examine the acute effect of ChunDoSunBup Qi-training a traditional psychosomatic training on the plasma level of growth hormone (GH) insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I and insulin like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in young men To characterize the plasma level of hormones and the pattern of IGFBP-3 at pre- (-10 min) mid-time (40 min) and immediately after (post-time +10 min) Qi-training radioimmunoassay (RIA) and western ligand blot (WLB) analysis were used The plasma level of GH at the mid-time was significantly increased (Plt005) compared to the level at pre-time of Qi-training The plasma level of IGF-I was also increased at mid-time (Plt005) and immediately after Qi-training There was a significant correlation between the levels of GH and IGF-I immediately after Qi-training (r=069 Plt001) In this study the change of IGFBP-3 among the several IGFBPs was determined There was a relative shift in IGFBP-3 for the 43-kDa fraction during mid-time of Qi-training (Plt005) These results suggest that Qi-training influences the growth hormone IGF-I and IGFBP-3 status via brain-target organ axis in men

10 MODULATION DE LA FONCTION NEUROENDOCRINIENNE

PAR LrsquoENTRAINEMENT PSYCHOSOMATIQUE

La modulation de la fonction neuroendocrinienne par lrsquoentrainement psychosomatique effet aigu du lsquoChunDoSunBup Qi-trainingrsquo sur lhormone de croissance facteur de croissance analogue agrave linsuline (IGF)-I et le facteur de croissance liant les proteacuteines analogue agrave lrsquoinsuline (IGFBP) -3 chez les hommes

Reacutesumeacute

Le systegraveme neuroendocrinien est consideacutereacute comme le lien principal entre leacutetat psychologique et le systegraveme immunitaire chez lrsquohomme La preacutesente eacutetude a eacuteteacute entreprise pour examiner leffet aigu du lsquoChunDoSunBup Qi-trainingrsquo une pratique psychosomatique traditionnelle sur la concentration plasmatique de lhormone de croissance (GH) facteur de croissance analogue agrave linsuline (IGF ) -I et le facteur de croissance liant les proteacuteines analogue agrave lrsquoinsuline (IGFBP) -3 chez les jeunes hommes

Pour caracteacuteriser la concentration plasmatique des hormones et le scheacutema de lIGFBP -3 au preacutealable (10 min) agrave mi-temps (40 min) et immeacutediatement apregraves (post-temps +10 min) le Qi-training lrsquoessai radio-immunologique (RIA) et lrsquoanalyse occidentale Western Ligand Blot (WLB) ont eacuteteacute utiliseacutes

Le taux plasmatique de GH agrave mi-temps a eacuteteacute augmenteacute de faccedilon significative (P lt005 ) par rapport au niveau preacute-temps de Qi-training Le taux plasmatique dIGF -I a eacuteteacute eacutegalement augmenteacute agrave mi-temps (P lt005) et immeacutediatement apregraves le Qi-training Il y avait une correacutelation significative entre les niveaux de GH et dIGF -I immeacutediatement apregraves le Qi-training (r = 069 P lt001)

Dans cette eacutetude le changement de lIGFBP-3 parmi les diffeacuterents IGFBP a eacuteteacute deacutetermineacute Il y avait un deacutecalage par rapport agrave lIGFBP-3 pour la fraction de 43 kDa au milieu du Qi-training (P lt005) Ces reacutesultats suggegraverent que le Qi-training influe sur lhormone de croissance lIGF- I et IGFBP-3 via lrsquoaxe organe ndash cerveau chez les hommes

11 QI-TRAINING (QIGONG) ENHANCED IMMUNE

FUNCTIONS WHAT IS THE UNDERLYING MECHANISM

httpwwwncbinlmnihgovpubmedDb=pubmedampCmd=ShowDetailViewampTermToSearch=16040353ampordinalpos=1ampitool=EntrezSystem2PEntrezPubmedPubmed_ResultsPanelPubmed_RVDocSum

Lee MS Kim MK Ryu H Int J Neurosci 2005 Aug115(8)1099-104

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea integmedcholcom

Abstract

The authors observed that Qi-training enhances immune function and modulates neurohormone concentrations The exact signal and priming mechanism for enhanced neutrophil function by Qi-training has not yet been demonstrated This study investigated the effect of Qi-training on intracellular signaling leading to the enhancement of immune function The growth hormone (GH) concentrations and O2- production by neutrophils (PMNs) was significantly increased after 1 h of Qi-training compared with the basal state To verify that endogenous GH mediates the priming of PMNs serum obtained from elderly subjects in the basal state and after Qi-training was incubated with neutrophils isolated from young subjects for 60 min and triggered with N-formyl-1-methionyl-1-leucyl-1-phenylalanine (fMLP) Significant O2- production was observed in the PMNs incubated with serum collected after a Qi-training (p lt 05) On the other hand the priming effect on the PMNs was abolished in Qi-training sera depleted of endogenous GH with anti-human GH polyclonal antibody (p lt 01) and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (p lt 01) The authors suggest that the endogenous GH released during and immediately after Qi-training mediates the priming events through tyrosine kinase activation in PMNs

11 LE QI-TRAINING (QI GONG) AMEacuteLIORE LES

FONCTIONS IMMUNITAIRES QUEL EST LE MEacuteCANISME

SOUS-JACENT

Reacutesumeacute Les auteurs ont observeacute que le Qi-training ameacuteliore la fonction immunitaire et module les concentrations de neurohormones Le signal exact et le meacutecanisme damorccedilage pour ameacuteliorer la fonction des neutrophiles par Qi- training na pas encore eacuteteacute deacutemontreacute Cette eacutetude a examineacute leffet du Qi-training sur la signalisation intracellulaire conduisant agrave l ameacutelioration de la fonction immunitaire Les concentrations dhormone de croissance (GH) et la production drsquoO2 par les neutrophiles (PMNs) ont eacuteteacute augmenteacutes de faccedilon significative apregraves 1 h de Qi-training par rapport agrave leacutetat de base Pour veacuterifier que la GH endogegravene sert drsquointermeacutediaire agrave lamorccedilage du PMN le seacuterum provenant de sujets acircgeacutes dans leacutetat de base et apregraves le Qi-training a eacuteteacute incubeacute avec des neutrophiles isoleacutes de jeunes sujets pendant 60 min et deacuteclencheacute avec la N- formyl- 1 -meacutethionyl -1- leucyl -1- pheacutenylalanine ( fMLP ) Une production significative drsquoO2 a eacuteteacute observeacutee dans les PMN incubeacutees avec du seacuterum preacuteleveacute apregraves un Qi-training (p lt 05 )

Dautre part leffet damorccedilage sur les PMN eacuteteacute aboli en Qi-training seacuterum appauvri endogegravene de GH avec lanticorps polyclonaux anti- GH humaine ( p lt 01 ) et linhibiteur de tyrosine kinase geacutenisteacuteine (p lt 01 ) Les auteurs suggegraverent que l hormone de croissance endogegravene libeacutereacute pendant et immeacutediatement apregraves la meacutediation Qi- formation les eacuteveacutenements damorccedilage via lactivation de la tyrosine kinase dans les PMN

12 ENDOCRINE AND IMMUNE EFFECTS OF QI-

TRAINING


Lee MS Kang CW et al Int J Neurosci 2004 Apr114(4)529-37

Source Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine and Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea

Abstract

Psychoneuroimmunological approaches have shown that Qi-training influences the holistic health state in men We found that Qi-training increased the plasma level of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I In addition the respiratory function and adhesion capacity of neutrophil was increased after Qi-training In an in vitro analysis GH primed and increased the respiratory function and adhesion of neutrophils through tyrosin kinase passway Taken together in vivo and in vitro data suggest that the beneficial effects of Qi-training on immunological functions are mediated via neuroendocrine responses

12 LES EFFETS ENDOCRINIENS ET IMMUNITAIRES

DU QI-TRAINING

Reacutesumeacute Les approches psychoneuroimmunologiques ont montreacute que le Qi-training influe sur leacutetat de santeacute globale chez les hommes Nous avons constateacute que le Qi-training a augmenteacute la concentration plasmatique de lhormone de croissance (GH) et du facteur de croissance analogue agrave linsuline (IGF)-I En outre la fonction respiratoire et la capaciteacute dadheacutesion des neutrophiles a augmenteacute apregraves le Qi-training Dans une analyse in vitro la GH a amorceacute et a augmenteacute la fonction respiratoire et ladheacutesion des neutrophiles agrave travers la tyrosine kinase Prises dans leur ensemble les donneacutees in vivo et in vitro suggegraverent que les effets beacuteneacutefiques du Qi-training sur les fonctions immunologiques sont provoqueacutes par les reacuteponses neuroendocriniennes

13 EFFECTS OF QIGONG ON IMMUNE CELLS


Lee MS Huh HJ et al Am J Chin Med 200331(2)327-35

Source Department of Qi-Medicine Institute of Biotechnology School of Medicine Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two acute Qigong interventions (Qi-training and Qi-therapy) on immune cells The Qigong interventions were compared with placebo training and placebo therapy in which no attempt was made to gather or move Qi Immune cell numbers were measured pre-intervention immediately post-intervention and 1 or 2 hours post-intervention White blood cells increased significantly 2 hours after actual Qi-training (p lt 005) but not sham training compared with pre-intervention There were significant increases in lymphocytes 2 hours after actual but not sham Qi-training (p lt 005) and monocyte numbers were significantly increased immediately after both actual Qi-training (p lt 001) and sham training (p lt 005) NK cell numbers decreased significantly both immediately after Qi-training and after sham movements done without concomitant Qi-training (p lt 001) There were no significant effects on neutrophils Actual Qi-therapy but not sham therapy increased monocyte numbers immediately after Qi-therapy and lymphocytes increased more after real than after sham therapy Neutrophils were again little changed The data indicate that a single Qigong intervention can increase the monocyte and lymphocyte numbers

13 LES EFFETS DU QI GONG SUR LES

CELLULES IMMUNITAIRES

Reacutesumeacute Le but de cette eacutetude eacutetait deacutetudier linfluence de deux interventions de Qi Gong de courte dureacutee ( Qi-training et Qi-therapy) sur les cellules immunitaires Les interventions de Qi Gong ont eacuteteacute compareacutees agrave une pratique et agrave un traitement placebo dans lesquels aucune tentative na eacuteteacute faite pour rassembler ou faire circuler le Qi Le nombre de cellules immunitaires a eacuteteacute mesureacute avant lintervention immeacutediatement apregraves lintervention et 1 ou 2 heures apregraves lintervention

Les globules blancs ont augmenteacute de maniegravere significative 2 heures apregraves un Qi-training reacuteel (p lt 005) mais apregraves pas le simulacre de pratique par rapport aux preacute- interventions Il y a eu des augmentations significatives de lymphocytes 2 heures apregraves la pratique reacuteelle mais pas apregraves le simulacre (p lt 005) et le nombre de monocytes a consideacuterablement augmenteacute immeacutediatement apregraves les deux pratiques la reacuteelle (p lt 001) et la fausse (p lt 005) Le nombre de cellules NK a diminueacute de maniegravere significative agrave la fois immeacutediatement apregraves le Qi-training et apregraves les mouvements fictifs effectueacutes sans Qi-training concomitant (p lt 001) Il ny a pas eu deffets significatifs sur les neutrophiles Le nombre de monocytes a augmenteacute immeacutediatement apregraves la Qi-theacuterapie et pas apregraves la theacuterapie placebo et les lymphocytes ont davantage augmenteacute apregraves le traitement reacuteel par rapport au traitement factice Les neutrophiles ont encore une fois peu eacutevolueacute

Les donneacutees indiquent quune intervention seule de Qi Gong peut augmenter le nombre de monocytes et de lymphocytes

14 QI-TRAINING AND IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS

A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY


Lee MS Kim MK et al Int J Neurosci 2006 Aug116(8)921-6

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea

Abstract

This article examined the effects of qi-training on peripheral T lymphocyte concentrations in a cross-sectional study involving three groups of subjects normal healthy subjects (n = 22) and two groups of qi trainees (group Q1 qi-training for 1-12 months n = 52 and group Q2 qi-training for gt12 months n = 63) Nonparametric statistical tests revealed significant differences between the groups in THTSC ratio (p lt 001) and in the ratio of memory TH lymphocytes (CD45RA-) to naiumlve TH lymphocytes (CD45RA+) (p lt 001) These findings suggest that qi-training modulates peripheral T lymphocyte concentrations However the functional modulation of T helper lymphocytes should be tested in a larger population and compared with other interventions

15 ACUTE EFFECT OF QI-TRAINING ON NATURAL

KILLER CELL SUBSETS AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY


Lee M Kang CW Ryu H Int J Neurosci 2005 Feb115(2)285-97

Source Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine and Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea qimedwonkwangackr

Abstract

This study assesses the effects of Qi-training on natural killer cell cytotoxicity Nine experimental subjects did 1 h of Qi-training and 9 control subjects relaxed during the same time Natural killer cell cytotoxicity increased 60 immediately after Qi-training (plt01) and returned to the basal level within 2 h after training Natural killer cell subset number did not change after Qi-training Natural killer cell cytotoxicity and cell number were not significantly correlated These data suggest that Qi-training has an acute stimulatory effect on natural killer cell activity but has no effect on phenotypical changes in the natural killer cell subset

15 EFFET AIGU DU QI-TRAINING SUR LES SOUS-

ENSEMBLES DE CELLULES TUEUSES NATURELLES ET

LACTIVITEacute CYTOTOXIQUE

Reacutesumeacute Cette eacutetude eacutevalue les effets du Qi-training sur la cytotoxiciteacute des cellules tueuses naturelles Neuf sujets expeacuterimentaux ont pratiqueacute 1 h de Qi-training et 9 sujets teacutemoins se sont deacutetendus pendant le mecircme temps La cytotoxiciteacute des cellules tueuses naturelles a augmenteacute de 60 immeacutediatement apregraves le Qi-training (p lt01) et a retrouveacute son niveau de base dans les 2 h apregraves la pratique Le nombre de cellules tueuses naturelles du sous-groupe na pas changeacute apregraves le Qi-training La cytotoxiciteacute des cellules tueuses naturelles et le nombre de cellules neacutetaient pas significativement correacuteleacutes Ces donneacutees suggegraverent que le Qi-training a un effet stimulant aigu sur lactiviteacute des cellules tueuses naturelles mais na aucun effet sur les variations pheacutenotypiques dans le sous-ensemble de cellules tueuses naturelles

16 CHANGES IN CYTOKINE PRODUCTION IN HEALTHY

SUBJECTS PRACTICING GUOLIN QIGONG A PILOT

STUDY


Jones BM BMC Complement Altern Med 200118 Epub 2001 Oct 18

Source Division of Clinical Immunology Pathology Department Queen Mary Hospital Pokfulam Hong Kong bmjoneshaorghk

Abstract

BACKGROUND Guolin Qigong is a combination of meditation controlled breathing and physical movement designed to control the vital energy (qi) of the body and consequently to improve spiritual physical and mental health Practice of Qigong has been reported to alter immunological function but there have been few studies of its effects on cytokines the key regulators of immunity

METHODS Numbers of peripheral blood cytokine-secreting cells were determined by ELISPOT in 19 healthy volunteers aged 27 - 55 before they were taught the practice of Qigong and after 3 7 and 14 weeks of daily practice The effect of Qigong on blood cortisol was also examined

RESULTS Numbers of IL4 and IL12-secreting cells remained stable IL6 increased at 7 weeks and TNFalpha increased in unstimulated cultures at 3 and 7 weeks but decreased at these times in LPS and SAC-stimulated cultures Of particular interest IFNgamma-secreting cells increased and IL10-secreting cells decreased in PHA-stimulated cultures resulting in significant increases in the IFNgammaIL10 ratio Cortisol a known inhibitor of type 1 cytokine production was reduced by practicing Qigong

CONCLUSION These preliminary studies in healthy subjects although not necessarily representative of a randomized healthy population and not including a separate control group have indicated that blood levels of the stress-related hormone cortisol may be lowered by short-term practice of Qigong and that there are concomitant changes in numbers of cytokine-secreting cells Further studies of the effect of Qigong in patients with clinical diseases known to be associated with type 2 cytokine predominance are merited

16 EacuteVOLUTION DE LA PRODUCTION DE CYTOKINE

CHEZ DES SUJETS SAINS PRATIQUANT LE GUOLIN QI

GONG UNE EacuteTUDE PILOTE

Reacutesumeacute Contexte Le Guolin Qi Gong est une combinaison de meacuteditation de respiration controcircleacutee et de

mouvements physiques conccedilue pour controcircler leacutenergie vitale (Qi) du corps et par conseacutequent pour ameacuteliorer la santeacute spirituelle mentale et physique On a montreacute que la pratique du Qi Gong modifie la fonction immunologique mais peu deacutetudes concernant ses effets sur les cytokines les reacutegulateurs cleacutes de limmuniteacute ont eacuteteacute effectueacutees

Meacutethodes Le nombre de cellules seacutecreacutetant des cytokines a eacuteteacute deacutetermineacute par ELISPOT chez 19 volontaires sains acircgeacutes de 27 agrave 55 ans avant que lrsquoon leur enseigne la pratique de Qi Gong et apregraves 3 7 et 14 semaines de pratique quotidienne Leffet du Qi Gong sur le cortisol sanguin a eacutegalement eacuteteacute examineacute

Reacutesultats Le nombre de cellules seacutecreacutetrices IL4 et IL12 est resteacute stable IL6 a augmenteacute agrave 7 semaines et TNFalpha a augmenteacute dans les cultures non stimuleacutees agrave 3 et 7 semaines mais a diminueacute agrave ces moments dans les cultures stimuleacutees par SAC et LPS De faccedilon inteacuteressante les cellules seacutecreacutetrices dIFNgamma ont augmenteacute et les cellules seacutecreacutetrices d IL10 ont diminueacute dans les cultures stimuleacutees par PHA reacutesultant en une augmentation significative drsquoIFNgamma ratio IL10 Le cortisol un inhibiteur connu de la production de cytokines de type 1 a eacuteteacute reacuteduit par la pratique du Qi Gong

CONCLUSION Ces eacutetudes preacuteliminaires chez des sujets sains bien que non neacutecessairement repreacutesentatives dune population en bonne santeacute randomiseacutee et ne comportant pas de groupe de controcircle seacutepareacute ont indiqueacute que les taux sanguins de cortisol lrsquohormone lieacutee au stress peuvent ecirctre reacuteduits par la pratique du Qi Gong agrave court terme et qursquoil y a des changements concomitants au niveau du nombre de cellules seacutecreacutetant des cytokines Des eacutetudes compleacutementaires sur leffet du Qi Gong chez les patients atteints de maladies cliniques connues pour ecirctre associeacutees avec la preacutedominance de cytokine de type 2 sont neacutecessaires

17 ELECTRODERMAL MEASUREMENTS FOR

MONITORING THE EFFECTS OF A QIGONG WORKSHOP

httpwwwqigonginstituteorghtmlpapersElectrodermal_Effects_of_Qipdf

Kenneth M Sancier PhD Originally Published in Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2003) Vol 9 No 2

Abstract

Objectives Electrodermal measurements with a Ryodoraku instrument were used to monitor the effects of a 2-day qigong workshop on the body energy of participants

Methods Measurements were made of the relative electrical conductivity of 24 acupuncture points on the wrists and feet of29 subjects Each subject was measured in the morning and afternoon of each day and the subjects served as their own control

Results the standard deviation of the mean values of the Ryodoraku responses of individuals and of the group were less in the afternoons than in the mornings with p-values of 0004 and 00001 for the first and second days respectively The decreases in the values of the standard deviations indicate that the balance of the body energy of individuals and the group had improved presumably as a result of the workshop We also found that all Ryodoraku responses were significantly greater in the afternoons than in the mornings a result that is attributed to a circadian rhythm

Conclusions The improved balance of qi energy in the body of the participants indicates that qigong practice has the potential to improve health Electrodermal measurements for monitoring Eastern and Western therapies are discussed

18 THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS OF QIGONG

EXERCISES IN COMBINATION WITH DRUGS

httpwwwqigonginstituteorghtmlpapersBenefits20of20Qigong20in20Combination20with20Drugspdf

Kenneth M Sancier PhD Originally Published in Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (1999) Vol 5 No 4 pp 383-389

ABSTRACT

The present paper reviews (count number) clinical studies from the Qigong Bibliographic Database developed by the Qigong Institute East West Academy of Healing Arts a non-profit organization This on-line database was started in 1994 and holds approximately 1000 references going back to 1986 covering medical applications scientific and experimental studies on Qigong from China USA and Europe Records in English have been compiled from International Qigong conferences and seminars scientific journals magazines dissertations Medline and other databases The therapeutic role of qigong exercises combined with drugs is reported for three medical conditions that require drug therapy for health maintenance hypertension respiratory disease and cancer In these studies drugs were administered to all patients who were divided into two groups a group that practiced qigong exercises and a control group that did not

Taken together these studies suggest that practicing qigong exercises may favorably affect many functions of the body permit reduction of the dosage of drugs required for health maintenance and provide greater health benefits than use of drug therapy alone

18 THERAPEUTIC BENEFITS OF QIGONG EXERCISES

IN COMBINATION WITH DRUGS (SUITE)

The reported studies do not necessarily measure up to the strict protocols required for randomized controlled clinical trials For hypertensive patients combining qigong practice with drug therapy for hypertensive patients resulted in reduced incidence of stroke and mortality and reduced dosage of drugs required for blood pressure maintenance For asthma patients the combination therapy permitted reduction in drug dosage the need for sick leave duration of hospitalization and costs of therapy For cancer patients the combination therapy reduced the side effects of cancer therapy Also reported is a study showing that the practice of qigong helps to rehabilitate drug addicts

SUMMARY

There are many clinical studies on the medical benefits of qigong practices but too few are good scientific studies More scientific research is needed to validate the promising results already reported Research is required to separate benefits of therapy by qigong exercises alone qigong exercises with drugs and drugs alone Some clinical studies reported such comparisons but the protocols used or the reported results are not sufficiently well described to allow for evaluation or replication

Not all qigong practice is of equal value for all people or for all health problems Future research investigators should select the appropriate type of qigong practice even for healthy people However the benefits of qigong exercises are sufficiently well established to provide credibility for physicians who wish to recommend qigong practice to selected patients or patient groups In China there are many qigong clinics To integrate the practice of qigong into Western healthcare it would be valuable to examine how China uses qigong practice along with RCM and western medicine in its system of healthcare

19 A CASE STUDY OF SIMULTANEOUS RECOVERY

FROM MULTIPLE PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS WITH MEDICAL

QIGONG THERAPY

httpwwwqigonginstituteorghtmlChenJACM_case1pdf

Kevin Chen PhD MPH Originally Published in Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (2004) Vol 10 No 1

ABSTRACT

Background It is well known that qigong practice is beneficial to human health but it is less known even in China that qigong may also be an effective therapy to treat various diseases This report documents the story of a 58-year-old Caucasian male patient with a series of chronic conditions including high prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mark (but not a confirmed cancer) atrial septal defect asthma allergies multiple injuries by an automobile accident high blood pressure and edema in legs Can medical qigong help such a patient to cure multiple symptoms simultaneously

Method The intensive qigong workshop involved the training and practice of gathering qi magnifying qi energy and using it for self-healing with visualization and guided imaginary plus supervised energetic fasting

The patient practiced qigong 4-plus hours per day during intensive training and approximately 1 to 2 hours daily thereafter About 10 sessions of external qi healing were performed by a qigong master for his pain and systematic adjustment

SettingsLocation The intensive medical qigong workshop took place in the World Institute for Self-Healing Inc (WISH) office at Middlesex NJ and the patient practiced qigong at home for the rest of time



QIGONG THERAPY (SUITE)

Results

After workshop and qigong therapy the patient discontinued all medications (8 in total) and lost 35 pounds his blood pressure dropped from 220110 with medication to 12075 without medication (in 2 weeks) pulse rate dropped from 88 beats per minute resting to 68 beats per minute in the mornings and 55 bpm in the evening the edema in his legs went away symptoms of asthma or allergies disappeared PSA level dropped from 11 to 4 (normal) all without any medications

Conclusion

This kind of simultaneous recovery from multiple ldquoincurablerdquo conditions and other documented successes cannot be explained by any known medical theories and call for formal clinical trials to closely examine the qigong self-healing therapy

20 GENOMIC PROFILING OF NEUTROPHIL

TRANSCRIPTS IN ASIAN QIGONG PRACTITIONERS A

PILOT STUDY IN GENE REGULATION BY MIND-BODY

INTERACTION


Li QZ Li P et al J Altern Complement Med 2005 Feb11(1)29-39

Source Microarray Core Center for Immunology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Dallas TX USA

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The great similarity of the genomes of humans and other species stimulated us to search for genes regulated by elements associated with human uniqueness such as the mind-body interaction DNA microarray technology offers the advantage of analyzing thousands of genes simultaneously with the potential to determine healthy phenotypic changes in gene expression The aim of this study was to determine the genomic profile and function of neutrophils in Falun Gong (FLG an ancient Chinese Qigong) practitioners with healthy subjects as controls

SUBJECTS AND DESIGN Six (6) Asian FLG practitioners and 6 Asian normal healthy controls were recruited for our study The practitioners have practiced FLG for at least 1 year (range 1-5 years) The practice includes daily reading of FLG books and daily practice of exercises lasting 1-2 hours Selected normal healthy controls did not perform Qigong yoga tai chi or any other type of mind-body practice and had not followed any conventional physical exercise program for at least 1 year Neutrophils were isolated from fresh blood and assayed for gene expression using microarrays and RNase protection assay (RPA) as well as for function (phagocytosis) and survival (apoptosis)


TRANSCRIPTS IN ASIAN QIGONG PRACTITIONERS

(SUITE)

RESULTS The changes in gene expression of FLG practitioners in contrast to normal healthy controls were characterized by enhanced immunity downregulation of cellular metabolism and alteration of apoptotic genes in favor of a rapid resolution of inflammation The lifespan of normal neutrophils was prolonged while the inflammatory neutrophils displayed accelerated cell death in FLG practitioners as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Correlating with enhanced immunity reflected by microarray data neutrophil phagocytosis was significantly increased in Qigong practitioners Some of the altered genes observed by microarray were confirmed by RPA

CONCLUSION

Qigong practice may regulate immunity metabolic rate and cell death possibly at the transcriptional level Our pilot study provides the first evidence that Qigong practice may exert transcriptional regulation at a genomic level New approaches are needed to study how genes are regulated by elements associated with human uniqueness such as consciousness cognition and spirituality

20 LE PROFILAGE GEacuteNOMIQUE DES TRANSCRIPTIONS DES

NEUTROPHILES CHEZ LES PRATIQUANTS DE QI GONG

ASIATIQUE UNE EacuteTUDE PILOTE DANS LA REacuteGULATION DES

GEgraveNES PAR LINTERACTION CORPS-ESPRIT

Reacutesumeacute

CONTEXTE ET OBJECTIFS La grande similitude entre les geacutenomes de lhomme et des autres espegraveces nous a encourageacutes agrave chercher des gegravenes reacuteguleacutes par des eacuteleacutements lieacutes agrave luniciteacute de lhomme tels que linteraction corps-esprit La technologie des puces agrave ADN offre lavantage danalyser des milliers de gegravenes simultaneacutement avec la possibiliteacute de deacuteterminer les changements pheacutenotypiques sains dans lexpression des gegravenes Le but de cette eacutetude eacutetait de deacuteterminer le profil geacutenomique et la fonction des neutrophiles chez les pratiquants de Falun Gong (FLG un ancien Qi Gong chinois) avec des sujets sains comme teacutemoins

SUJETS ET PLAN Six (6) pratiquants asiatiques de FLG et 6 teacutemoins sains asiatiques ont eacuteteacute recruteacutes pour cette eacutetude Les sujets ont pratiqueacute le FLG pendant au moins une anneacutee (intervalle 1-5 ans) La pratique comprend la lecture quotidienne de livres de FLG et la pratique quotidienne dexercices dune dureacutee de 1-2 heures Les teacutemoins normaux sains seacutelectionneacutes nont pas effectueacute de Qi Gong yoga tai-chi ou aucun autre type de pratique corps-esprit et nrsquoont pas suivi de programme dexercice physique conventionnel pendant au moins 1 an Les neutrophiles ont eacuteteacute isoleacutes du sang frais et analyseacutes pour lexpression des gegravenes en utilisant des puces et le laquo RNase protection assay raquo (RPA) ainsi que pour la fonction (phagocytose) et pour la survie (apoptose)




GEgraveNES PAR LINTERACTION CORPS-ESPRIT (SUITE)

REacuteSULTATS Les changements dans lexpression des gegravenes des pratiquants de FLG contrairement aux teacutemoins normaux sains ont eacuteteacute caracteacuteriseacutes par une immuniteacute renforceacutee une reacutegulation du meacutetabolisme cellulaire et une alteacuteration des gegravenes apoptotiques en faveur dune reacutesolution rapide de linflammation La dureacutee de vie des neutrophiles normaux a eacuteteacute prolongeacutee alors que les neutrophiles inflammatoires ont afficheacute une mort cellulaire acceacuteleacutereacutee chez les pratiquants de FLG comme deacutetermineacute par dosage immuno-enzymatique En correacutelation avec lrsquoimmuniteacute renforceacutee refleacuteteacutee par les donneacutees de biopuces les neutrophiles phagocytoses ont significativement augmenteacute chez les pratiquants de Qi Gong Certains de ces gegravenes alteacutereacutes observeacutes par microarray ont eacuteteacute confirmeacutes par lAPR

CONCLUSION La pratique du Qi Gong peut reacuteguler limmuniteacute le meacutetabolisme et la mort des cellules peut-ecirctre au niveau transcriptionnel Notre eacutetude pilote fournit la premiegravere preuve que la pratique du Qi Gong peut exercer une reacutegulation de la transcription au niveau geacutenomique De nouvelles approches sont neacutecessaires pour eacutetudier la faccedilon dont les gegravenes sont reacuteguleacutes par des eacuteleacutements lieacutes agrave luniciteacute de lhomme comme la conscience la connaissance et la spiritualiteacute

21 EFFECTS OF IN VITRO AND IN VIVO QI-THERAPY ON

NEUTROPHIL SUPEROXIDE GENERATION IN HEALTHY

MALE SUBJECTS


Lee MS Jeong SM et al Am J Chin Med 200331(4)623-8

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan 570-749 Republic of Korea

Abstract

The present study investigated the effects of in vitro and in vivo Korean ChunSoo Qi-Energy Healing on neutrophil superoxide generation Neutrophil superoxide generation was measured by a chemiluminescence assay Superoxide generation was significantly increased in vitro by emitted Qi-therapy (QT) of 60-second duration and 150-second duration compared to control (159-fold for 60 seconds p lt 005 150-fold for 150 seconds p lt 005) Neutrophil superoxide generation increased significantly immediately after 5 minutes of QT in vivo (142-fold p lt 005) These results show that QT in vivo and in vitro has an acute stimulatory effect on neutrophil superoxide generation This study provides direct scientific support that Qi as such may positively affect human innate immunity

22 QI-TRAINING ENHANCES RESPIRATORY BURST

FUNCTION AND ADHESIVE CAPACITY OF NEUTROPHILS

IN YOUNG ADULTS A PRELIMINARY STUDY


Lee MS Jeong SM et alAm J Chin Med 200331(1)141-8


Abstract

The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of Qi-training on the immune system especially neutrophil bactericidal function Nine healthy male subjects were studied for the effects of one bout of ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training on superoxide (O2- production and adhesion capacity of neutrophils at times immediately after (Post I) and 2 hours after the Qi-training (Post II) The Qi-training enhanced O2- production reaction velocity and neutrophil adhesion capacity and there were significant differences at Post I compared to before Qi-training (Pre) In addition the number of white blood cells (WBC) monocytes and lymphocytes were changed significantly through Qi-trainingTherefore it seems that CDSB Qi-training may increase the resistance of trained individuals against common infection and inflammation

23 EFFECT OF QIGONG TRAINING ON PROPORTIONS

OF T LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS IN HUMAN PERIPHERAL

BLOOD


Ryu H Jun CD et al Am J Chin Med 199523(1)27-36

Source Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine Wonkwang University Republic of Korea

Abstract

The effect of Qigong training on proportions of T lymphocyte subsets was investigated in human peripheral blood We observed that the ratio of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes was increased as much as 50 in a trainee group who practiced Qigong training more than 5 months compared to a normal healthy group who did not practice The absolute number of CD4+ T lymphocytes was also elevated in trainee group with 100 cellsmm3 more than in normal healthy group The positive correlation between the ratio of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD4+45RA-CD4+CD45RA+ T lymphocytes was shown in the trainee group In contrast there was a negative correlation between the ratio of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD8+CD57+CD8+CD57- T lymphocytes in the trainee group The data indicate that Qigong training affects the profile of lymphocyte subsets in human peripheral blood especially the proportion of CD4+ T lymphocytes

24 AN EVALUATION OF TWO BEHAVIORAL

REHABILITATION PROGRAMS QIGONG VERSUS

PROGRESSIVE RELAXATION IN IMPROVING THE

QUALITY OF LIFE IN CARDIAC PATIENTS


Hui PN Wan M et al J Altern Complement Med 200612(4)373-8

Source Occupational Therapy Department United Christian Hospital Hospital Authority Kwun Tong Kowloon Hong Kong peggyhuimailcom

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare two different behavioral rehabilitation programs in improving the quality of life in cardiac patients in Hong Kong

DESIGN AND SETTING

The current study was carried out in the outpatient unit of Occupational Therapy Department in the United Christian Hospital Hong Kong Convenience sampling with referral from the cardiac specialty was used in the present study

SUBJECTS

A total of 65 subjects with a mean age 65 (range 42 to 76) were recruited in the study The cardiac diseases included myocardial infarct postcoronary intervention valve replacement and also ischemic heart disease




QUALITY OF LIFE IN CARDIAC PATIENTS (SUITE)

INTERVENTIONS

Patients were alternately allocated to the two groups The first group of patients received instructions and practiced on progressive relaxation The second group of patients underwent training in qigong A total of eight sessions were conducted and each session lasted 20 minutes

OUTCOME MEASURES

Demographic and clinical data such as gender age and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded The psychological and Quality of Life assessment was performed using the Chinese versions of Short Form 36 (C-SF36) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (C-STAI) and General Health Questionnaire (C-GHQ-12)

RESULTS

Fifty-nine (59) subjects (44 men and 15 women) completed all eight rehabilitation sessions in the study Patients allocated to the two treatment groups had comparable baseline characteristics Progressive relaxation was more effective in reducing blood pressures compared to qigong Relaxation appeared to be particularly beneficial in somatic domains qigong group demonstrated greater improvement in psychologic measures in addition to reduction in systolic blood pressure

CONCLUSIONS

Progressive relaxation and qigong exercise improved the quality of life for cardiac patients with reference to certain physiologic and psychologic measures The result was supported by previous studies and literature reviews on qigong in terms of its effect on the psychologic dimension

24 UNE EacuteVALUATION DE DEUX PROGRAMMES DE

REacuteADAPTATION COMPORTEMENTALE QI GONG ET

RELAXATION PROGRESSIVE POUR AMEacuteLIORER LA QUALITEacute

DE VIE DES PATIENTS CARDIAQUES

Reacutesumeacute

OBJECTIFS Le but de leacutetude eacutetait deacutevaluer et de comparer deux programmes diffeacuterents de reacuteadaptation comportementale destineacutes agrave ameacuteliorer la qualiteacute de vie des patients cardiaques agrave Hong Kong

SCHEacuteMA ET ENVIRONNEMENT Lrsquoeacutetude a eacuteteacute reacutealiseacutee dans luniteacute de soins ambulatoires du deacutepartement dergotheacuterapie de lHocircpital Chreacutetien-Unis agrave Hong Kong Un eacutechantillonnage de commoditeacute avec un lsquoappuirsquo de la speacutecialiteacute cardiaque a eacuteteacute utiliseacutee dans lrsquoeacutetude

SUJETS 65 sujets drsquoun acircge moyen de 65 ans (eacuteventail de 42 agrave 76 ans) ont eacuteteacute recruteacutes pour leacutetude Les maladies cardiaques comprennent linfarctus du myocarde lrsquointervention post coronarienne le remplacement de valve et aussi la cardiopathie ischeacutemique

MEacuteTHODES Les patients ont eacuteteacute reacutepartis alternativement dans les deux groupes Le premier groupe de patients a reccedilu des instructions et pratiqueacute la relaxation progressive Le deuxiegraveme groupe de patients a reccedilu une formation en Qi Gong Un total de huit sessions a eacuteteacute reacutealiseacute et chaque seacuteance durait 20 minutes




DE VIE DES PATIENTS CARDIAQUES (SUITE)

MESURES DE REacuteSULTATS Les donneacutees deacutemographiques et cliniques tels que le sexe lacircge et la pression systolique et diastolique ont eacuteteacute enregistreacutees Leacutevaluation psychologique et de la qualiteacute de vie a eacuteteacute reacutealiseacutee en utilisant les versions chinoises de Short Form 36 (SF-36 C-) de lrsquoInventaire State-Trait Anxiety (C-STAI) et du General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-C-12)

REacuteSULTATS Cinquante-neuf (59) sujets (44 hommes et 15 femmes) ont reacutealiseacute les huit seacuteances de reacuteeacuteducation dans leacutetude Les patients affecteacutes aux deux groupes de traitement comportaient des caracteacuteristiques de base comparables La relaxation progressive a eacuteteacute plus efficace dans la reacuteduction de la pression arteacuterielle par rapport au Qi Gong La relaxation a sembleacutee ecirctre particuliegraverement beacuteneacutefique dans les domaines somatiques Le groupe de Qi Gong a montreacute une plus grande ameacutelioration des mesures psychologiques en plus de la reacuteduction de la pression arteacuterielle systolique

CONCLUSION La relaxation progressive et les exercices de Qi Gong ont ameacutelioreacute la qualiteacute de vie des patients cardiaques en reacutefeacuterence agrave certaines mesures physiologiques et psychologiques Le reacutesultat a eacuteteacute confirmeacute par des eacutetudes anteacuterieures et des analyses documentaires sur le Qi Gong concernant son effet sur la dimension psychologique

25 FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AFTER TRADITIONAL

CHINESE MEDICINE (QI GONG) TRAINING IN PATIENTS

WITH CHRONIC ATRIAL FIBRILLATION A RANDOMIZED

CONTROLLED TRIAL


Pippa L Manzoli L et al Prev Cardiol 200710(1)22-5

Source Camillo de Lellis per la Ricera Clinica Applicata Pescara Italy

Abstract

Evidence indicates that low energy expenditure protocols derived from traditional Chinese medicine may benefit patients with cardiac impairment therefore the authors carried out a randomized controlled trial to test a 16-week medically assisted qi gong training program for the physical rehabilitation of patients with stable chronic atrial fibrillation and preserved left ventricular function Functional capacity variation was evaluated using the 6-minute walk test which was performed at baseline at the end of the intervention and after 16 weeks Thirty men and 13 women (mean age 68+-8 years) were randomized to the intervention protocol or to a wait-list control group Qi gong training was well tolerated and compared with baseline trained patients walked an average 114 meters more (27) at the end of treatment (Plt001) and 57 meters more (137) 16 weeks later (P=008) Control subjects showed no variation in functional capacity These results seem promising and deserve confirmation with further research

26 USE OF QIGONG THERAPY IN THE DETOXIFICATION

OF HEROIN ADDICTS


Li M Chen K Mo Z Altern Ther Health Med 20028(1)50-4 56-9

Source Institute of Qigong Research Guangzhou University Peoples Republic of China

Abstract

CONTEXT

Qigong is a traditional Chinese health practice believed to have special healing and recovery power Little scientific documentation was found on qigong and its effectiveness and no literature was found on qigong as a treatment of substance addiction

OBJECTIVE

To explore the effectiveness of qigong therapy on detoxification of heroin addicts compared to medical and nonmedical treatment

DESIGN

Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups qigong treatment group (n = 34) medication group (n = 26) and no-treatment control group (n = 26)

PARTICIPANTS

Eighty-six male heroin addicts aged 18 to 52 years who met the substance-dependence criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Third Edition Revised with a history of heroin use from 5 to 11 years All were residents at a mandatory drug-treatment center in the Peoples Republic of China

26 USE OF QIGONG THERAPY IN THE

DETOXIFICATION OF HEROIN ADDICTS (SUITE)

INTERVENTION

The qigong group practiced Pan Gu qigong and received qi adjustments from a qigong master daily The medication group received the detoxification drug lofexidine-HCl by a 10-day gradual reduction method The control group received only basic care and medications to treat severe withdrawal symptoms

MEASURES

Urine morphine test electrocardiogram Hamilton Anxiety Scale and a withdrawal-symptom evaluation scale were applied before and during the 10-day intervention

RESULTS

Reduction of withdrawal symptoms in the qigong group occurred more rapidly than in the other groups From day 1 the qigong group had significantly lower mean symptom scores than did the other groups (P lt01) Both the qigong and medication groups had much lower anxiety scores than did the control group (Plt01) and the qigong group had significantly lower anxiety scores than did the medication group (Plt01) All subjects had a positive response to the urine morphine test before treatment Fifty percent of the qigong group had negative urine tests on day 3 compared to 23 in the control group and 8 in the medication group (P lt01) By day 5 of treatment all subjects in the qigong group had negative urine tests compared to day 9 for the medication group and day 11 for the control group

CONCLUSIONS

Results suggest that qigong may be an effective alternative for heroin detoxification without side effects though we cannot completely eliminate the possibility of the placebo effect from the current study

27 QIGONG FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES CARE A

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW


Lee MS Chen KW et al Complement Ther Med 200917(4)236-42

Source Division of Standard Research Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine Daejeon 305-811 South Korea msleekiomrekr

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To summarize and critically evaluate the evidence available from clinical trials (CTs) of qigong for patients with type 2 diabetes

METHODS We have searched the literature using 15 databases from their respective inceptions through March 2009 without language restrictions Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane criteria

RESULTS Nine CTs which included three randomized clinical trials (RCTs) one controlled clinical trial (CCT) and five uncontrolled observational studies (UOSs) met our inclusion criteria Three RCTs compared qigong plus usual care (including drug therapy) with usual care alone The quality of these RCTs was poor Their results suggested favorable effects of qigong on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 2h plasma glucose (2hPG) insulin sensitivity and blood viscosity One CCT compared qigong with no treatment and failed to show favorable effects of qigong on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 2hPG HbA1c and insulin sensitivity All UOSs reported beneficial effects of qigong on FPG or 2hPG

CONCLUSION Currently there are few rigorous trials testing the effectiveness of qigong for type 2 diabetes The studies that are available are of low methodological quality Collectively this evidence is insufficient to suggest that qigong is an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes Rigorously designed trials are warranted to answer the many questions that remain open

28 A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF TAI

CHI AND QIGONG MEDICAL EXERCISE ON INDICATORS

OF METABOLIC SYNDROME GLYCAEMIC CONTROL

HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE AND

PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH IN ADULTS WITH ELEVATED

BLOOD GLUCOSE


Liu X Miller YD et al Br J Sports Med 201044(10)704-9

Source University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the feasibility acceptability and effects of a Tai Chi and Qigong exercise programme in adults with elevated blood glucose

DESIGN SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS

A single group pre-post feasibility trial with 11 participants (3 male and 8 female aged 42-65 years) with elevated blood glucose

INTERVENTION

Participants attended Tai Chi and Qigong exercise training for 1 to 15 h 3 times per week for 12 weeks and were encouraged to practise the exercises at home


CHI AND QIGONG MEDICAL EXERCISE (hellip) IN ADULTS

WITH ELEVATED BLOOD GLUCOSE (SUITE)

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Indicators of metabolic syndrome (body mass index (BMI) waist circumference blood pressure fasting blood glucose triglycerides HDL-cholesterol) glucose control (HbA1c fasting insulin and insulin resistance (HOMA)) health-related quality of life stress and depressive symptoms

RESULTS

There was good adherence and high acceptability There were significant improvements in four of the seven indicators of metabolic syndrome including BMI (mean difference -105 plt0001) waist circumference (-280 cm plt005) and systolic (-1164 mm Hg plt001) and diastolic blood pressure (-973 mm Hg plt0001) as well as in HbA1c (-032 plt001) insulin resistance (-053 plt005) stress (-227 plt005) depressive symptoms (-360 plt005) and the SF-36 mental health summary score (513 plt005) and subscales for general health (1900 plt001) mental health (1055 plt001) and vitality (2318 plt005)

CONCLUSIONS

The programme was feasible and acceptable and participants showed improvements in metabolic and psychological variables A larger controlled trial is now needed to confirm these promising preliminary results

29 EFFECTS OF CHUNDOSUNBUP QI-TRAINING ON

GROWTH HORMONE INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR-I

AND TESTOSTERONE IN YOUNG AND ELDERLY

SUBJECTS


Lee MS Kang CW et al Am J Chin Med 199927(2)167-75

Source Department of Qi-Medicine Wonkwang University Iksan Korea

Abstract

We observed the response of plasma growth hormone (GH) insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and testosterone (T) to an acute period of ChunDoSunBup (CDSB) Qi-training Although the basal level of GH was not different between the two groups after the portion of the training in which the subjects were physically active (the mid-training point) plasma GH levels increased by 726 fold (p lt 005) in the elderly trainees and by 166 fold (p lt 005) in the young In response to CDSB Qi-training IGF-I levels in the young increased significantly at mid-training point but there were no increase in the elderly Significant correlations existed between GH and IGF-I levels in the young subjects but not in the elderly The T level at the mid-training point increased significantly in elderly subjects but not in the young These results suggest that CDSB Qi-training is a potential method for modulating of the secretion of growth factor in the young and the elderly but that the elderly IGF-I response does not equal that of the young In addition our study suggests CDSB Qi-training may be one mode of therapy applicable to growth factor related disorders such as GH deficiency in children and osteoporosis in the elderly especially women

29 EFFETS DU QI-TRAINING CHUNDOSUNBUP SUR

LHORMONE DE CROISSANCE LE FACTEUR-I DE CROISSANCE

ANALOGUE Agrave LrsquoINSULINE ET LA TESTOSTEacuteRONE CHEZ DES

SUJETS JEUNES ET AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute

Nous avons observeacute la reacuteaction de lrsquohormone de croissance (GH) plasmatique du facteur-I de croissance analogue agrave lrsquoinsuline (IGF- I) et de la testosteacuterone (T ) sur une courte peacuteriode de Qi-training ChunDoSunBup (BCEI) Bien que le niveau de base de GH neacutetait pas diffeacuterent entre les deux groupes apregraves la partie de pratique dans laquelle les sujets eacutetaient physiquement actifs (le point agrave mi-formation) les niveaux plasmatiques de GH ont augmenteacute de 726 fois (p lt005) chez les pratiquants acircgeacutees et de 166 fois (p lt005) chez les jeunes En reacuteaction au Qi-training BCEI les niveaux dIGF-I chez les jeunes ont augmenteacute consideacuterablement en milieu de pratique mais il ny avait pas daugmentation chez les personnes acircgeacutees Des correacutelations significatives existent entre GH et IGF- I chez les sujets jeunes mais pas chez les personnes acircgeacutees Le niveau T en milieu de pratique a augmenteacute de faccedilon significative chez les sujets acircgeacutes mais pas chez les jeunes Ces reacutesultats suggegraverent que le QI-training BCEI est une meacutethode potentielle pour moduler la seacutecreacutetion du facteur de croissance chez les jeunes et les personnes acircgeacutees mais que la reacuteponse de l IGF-I chez les personnes acircgeacutees neacutegale pas celle chez la population jeune En outre notre eacutetude suggegravere que le QI-training BCEI peut ecirctre un mode de traitement applicable agrave des troubles lieacutes agrave des facteurs de croissance tels que les deacuteficits en hormone de croissance chez lenfant et losteacuteoporose chez les personnes acircgeacutees surtout chez les femmes

30 QIGONG FOR THE TREATMENT OF TINNITUS A

PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED STUDY


Biesinger E Kipman U Schatz S Langguth B J Psychosom Res 201069(3)299-304

Source ENT-Clinic and Otolaryngology Department Klinikum Traunstein Traunstein Germany

Abstract

OBJECTIVE Tinnitus is a frequent disorder which is very difficult to treat Qigong is a mindful exercise and an important constituent of traditional Chinese medical practice Here we performed a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of a Qigong intervention on patients with tinnitus We hypothesized that especially tinnitus patients with somatosensoric components may benefit from the mind-body technique of Qigong

METHODS Eighty patients with tinnitus of at least 3 months duration were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=40) consisting of 10 Qigong training sessions in 5 weeks or a waiting-list control group (n=40) Tinnitus severity was assessed with a visual analogue scale (VAS) and with a tinnitus questionnaire (TBF-12) before treatment immediately after treatment and 1 and 3 months after treatment

RESULTS Qigong did not cause any side effects and was completed by 80 of the assigned patients Compared with the control group Qigong participants experienced improvement in tinnitus severity as reflected by a significant reduction in both the VAS and the TBF-12 In the subgroup of patients with somatosensoric tinnitus Qigong effects were more pronounced resulting in a highly significant improvement in both scales compared to the waiting-list group

CONCLUSION These findings suggest that Qigong interventions could be a useful complement to the therapeutic management of patients with tinnitus and especially for those with somatosensoric components Satisfaction with the intervention a high degree of completion and stability of the effects for at least 3 months after the intervention further underscore the potential of Qigong in the treatment of tinnitus

31 EFFECT OF QI TRAINING ON NEUTROPHIL

FUNCTION IN YOUNG AND ELDERLY MALES


Lee MS Kang CW Ryu H J Altern Complement Med 2004 Aug10(4)681-3

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Republic of Korea qimedwonkwangackr

Abstract

OBJECTIVES To examine the effect of qi training on neutrophil bactericidal function (superoxide generation and adhesion)

METHODS We studied the effects of one session of qi training on superoxide generation and adhesion of neutrophils immediately after (Post I) and 2 hours after qi training (Post II) in nine young and nine elderly male subjects

RESULTS The qi training significantly enhanced the superoxide generation and adhesion of neutrophils and there were significant differences at Post I compared to before qi training (Pre) in both groups

CONCLUSION Our current observations show that qi training enhances superoxide generation and adhesion of neutrophils It is supposed that qi training may increase the resistance of trained individuals against common infection and inflammation

32 QIGONG EXERCISE FOR THE SYMPTOMS OF

PARKINSONS DISEASE A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED

PILOT STUDY


Schmitz-Hubsch T Pyfer D et al Mov Disord 200621(4)543-8

Source Department of Neurology University of Bonn Germany

Abstract

Irrespective of limited evidence not only traditional physiotherapy but also a wide array of complementary methods are applied by patients with Parkinsons disease (PD) We evaluated the immediate and sustained effects of Qigong on motor and nonmotor symptoms of PD using an add-on design Fifty-six patients with different levels of disease severity (mean agestandard deviation [SD] 63875 years disease duration 5842 years 43 men [76]) were recruited from the outpatient movement disorder clinic of the Department of Neurology University of Bonn We compared the progression of motor symptoms assessed by Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale motor part (UPDRS-III) in the Qigong treatment group (n = 32) and a control group receiving no additional intervention (n = 24) Qigong exercises were applied as 90-minute weekly group instructions for 2 months followed by a 2 months pause and a second 2-month treatment period Assessments were carried out at baseline 3 6 and 12 months More patients improved in the Qigong group than in the control group at 3 and 6 months (P = 00080 at 3 months and P = 00503 at 6 months Fishers exact test) At 12 months there was a sustained difference between groups only when changes in UPDRS-III were related to baseline Depression scores decreased in both groups whereas the incidence of several nonmotor symptoms decreased in the treatment group only

32 LES EXERCICES DE QI GONG CONTRE LES SYMPTOcircMES

DE LA MALADIE DE PARKINSON UNE EacuteTUDE PILOTE

RANDOMISEacuteE ET CONTROcircLEacuteE

Reacutesumeacute

Malgreacute les preuves limiteacutees les patients atteints de la maladie de Parkinson (PD) appliquent non seulement la physiotheacuterapie traditionnelle mais aussi un large eacuteventail de meacutethodes compleacutementaires Nous avons eacutevalueacute les effets immeacutediats et durables du Qi Gong sur les symptocircmes moteurs et non moteurs de la maladie de Parkinson en utilisant un scheacutema suppleacutementaire Cinquante- six patients avec diffeacuterents niveaux de seacuteveacuteriteacute de la maladie (acircge moyen eacutecart type [ET ] 63875 ans dureacutee de la maladie 5842 ans 43 hommes [76 ] ) ont eacuteteacute recruteacutes dans la clinique ambulatoire des troubles du mouvement du Deacutepartement de neurologie de lUniversiteacute de Bonn Nous avons compareacute la progression des symptocircmes moteurs eacutevalueacutes par Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale motor part (UPDRS-III) dans le groupe de traitement par le Qi Gong (n = 32) et un groupe teacutemoin ne recevant aucune intervention suppleacutementaire (n = 24)

Les exercices de Qi Gong ont eacuteteacute pratiqueacutes 90 minutes par semaine pendant 2 mois suivis dune pause de 2 mois et drsquoune seconde peacuteriode de traitement de 2 mois Des eacutevaluations ont eacuteteacute effectueacutees au deacutepart puis agrave 3 6 et 12 mois Davantage de patients ont progresseacute dans le groupe de Qi Gong que dans le groupe teacutemoin agrave 3 et 6 mois (p = 00080 agrave 3 mois et P = 00503 agrave 6 mois test exact de Fisher) Agrave 12 mois il y avait une diffeacuterence durable entre les groupes uniquement lorsque des changements dans lrsquoUPDRS III ont eacuteteacute relieacutes agrave la ligne de base Les reacutesultats de deacutepression ont diminueacute dans les deux groupes alors que lincidence de plusieurs symptocircmes non moteurs ont diminueacute dans le groupe de traitement seulement

33 A RANDOMISED CONTROLLED CROSS-OVER TRIAL

OF AEROBIC TRAINING VERSUS QIGONG IN ADVANCED

PARKINSONS DISEASE


Burini D Farabollini B et al Eura Medicophys 200642(3)231-8

Source Neurorehabilitation Clinic Department of Neurosciences Politecnica University of Marche Azienda Ospedali Riuniti Ancona Italy

Abstract

AIM To investigate the effects of an aerobic training in subjects with Parkinsons disease (PD) as compared to a medical Chinese exercise (Qigong)

METHODS

Design randomized controlled trial with a cross over design Setting PD out-patients referred to a Neurorehabilitation facility for the management of motor disability Subjects 26 PD patients in Hoehn and Yahr stage II to III under stable medication were randomly allocated to either Group AT1+QG2 (receiving 20 aerobic training sessions followed by 20 Qigong group sessions with 2 month interval between the interventions) or Group QG1+AT2 (performing the same treatments with an inverted sequence) Main outcome measures clinical effects of treatment were sought through the Unified Parkinsons Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) Browns Disability Scale (BDS) six-Minute Walking Test (6MWT) Borg scale for breathlessness Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Parkinsons Disease Questionnaire-39 items (PDQ-39) A spirometry test and maximum cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) were also performed to determine the pulmonary function the metabolic and cardio-respiratory requests at rest and under exercise All measures were taken immediately before and at the completion of each treatment phase



PARKINSONS DISEASE (SUITE)

RESULTS

The statistical analysis focusing on the evolution of motor disability and quality of life revealed a significant interaction effect between group and time for the 6MWT (time x group effect F 54 P=0002) and the Borg scale (time x group effect F 42 P=0009) Post hoc analysis showed a significant increase in 6MWT and a larger decrease in Borg score after aerobic training within each subgroup whereas no significant changes were observed during Qigong No significant changes over time were detected through the analysis of UPDRS BDS BDI and PDQ-39 scores The analysis of cardiorespiratory parameters showed significant interaction effects between group and time for the Double Productpeak (time x group effect F 77 P=00003) the VO(2peak) (time x group effect F 48 P=0007) and the VO(2)kg ratio (time x group effect F 43 P=0009) owing to their decrease after aerobic training to an extent that was never observed after Qigong treatment

CONCLUSIONS

Aerobic training exerts a significant impact on the ability of moderately disabled PD patients to cope with exercise although it does not improve their self-sufficiency and quality of life

34 ANTI-AGING BENEFITS OF QIGONG

httpwwwqigonginstituteorghtmlpapersAnti-Aging_Benefits_of_Qigonghtml

Kenneth M Sancier PhD Originally Published in Journal of the International Society of Life Information Science14 (1) 12-21 (1996)

Conclusions This review deals with a small fraction of the large collection of clinical research on medical applications of qigong The information presented is intended to illustrate the potential of qigong exercise for restoring normal body functions in people with chronic conditions many of which accelerate the aging process The main conclusion from many studies is that qigong exercise helps the body to heal itself In this sense qigong is a natural anti-aging medicine Two studies indicate that qigong exercise is superior to some physical exercises

Qigong can complement Western medicine in many ways to provide better healthcare For example qigong has special value for treating chronic conditions and as a preventive medicine whereas Western medicine has special value for treating acute conditions There are many medical applications of qigong that can complement Western medicine to improve health care Some examples include chronic problems such as hypertension cardiovascular disease aging asthma allergies neuromuscular problems and cancer These areas of public health deserve consideration by the Western medical establishment

35 QIGONG AS A THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTION WITH

OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22

Source Swedish Medical Center Seattle WA USA

Abstract

The use of complementary therapies in the United States is growing One complementary therapy that has received little attention in the nursing literature is Qigong Qigong is the cornerstone of traditional Chinese medicine and consists of gentle flowing body movements breathing and quieting the mind Qigong facilitates the movement of qi the vital life energy throughout the body thereby enhancing health and healing disease Preliminary research indicates that Qigong may be an effective complementary therapy for promoting health and wellness in older adults and an effective adjuvant intervention for managing chronic conditions in older adults This article provides an overview of Qigong reviews the English-language research literature on the therapeutic effects of Qigong discusses the implications of Qigong as a complementary therapy for older adults and suggests directions for further research on the use of Qigong as a therapeutic approach for older adults

36 EFFECTS OF QI-THERAPY ON BLOOD PRESSURE

PAIN AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN THE

ELDERLY A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED PILOT TRIAL


Lee MS Jang JW et al Complement Ther Med 200311(3)159-64

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan South Korea

Abstract

Recently we reported that Qi-therapy may be beneficial in reducing negative psychological symptoms and increasing melatonin levels neutrophil function and natural killer cell cytotoxicity in young subjects However there is little scientific evidence of its efficacy in elderly subjects Therefore this study was designed to investigate the effects of Qi-therapy on anxiety depression fatigue pain and blood pressure in elderly subjects Ninety-four elderly subjects were randomly assigned to either Qi-therapy (n=47) or mimic therapy (n=47) groups Both groups received a 10-min intervention period once using similar procedures The Qi-therapy group exhibited greater reduction in anxiety depression fatigue pain level and blood pressure compared to the placebo group the difference in anxiety was significant (P=0014) These results suggest that even a brief application of Qi-therapy may exert a positive psychological and physiological effect However further research is necessary in order to fully understand the long-term impact of Qi-therapy on psychological health and the cardiovascular system

37 QI-TRAINING ENHANCES NEUTROPHIL FUNCTION BY

INCREASING GROWTH HORMONE LEVELS IN ELDERLY

MEN


Lee MS Ryu H Int J Neurosci 2004 Oct114(10)1313-22

Source Center for Integrative Medicine Institute of Medical Science Wonkwang University Iksan Korea qimedwonkwangackr

Abstract

This article investigated the effects of Qi-training on the neuroendocrine response and superoxide generation by neutrophils in healthy elderly men One hour of Qi-training significantly reduced the plasma concentration of cortisol and increased plasma concentrations of growth hormone and melatonin Generation of superoxide by neutrophils increased significantly immediately after Qi-training (p lt 01) The change in neutrophil superoxide generation was significantly correlated with the change in growth hormone concentration after Qi-training (p lt 01) These data indicate that in elderly men Qi-training enhances superoxide generation by neutrophils possibly via the changes in plasma growth hormone concentration

37 LE QI-TRAINING AMEacuteLIORE LA FONCTION

NEUTROPHILE EN AUGMENTANT LES NIVEAUX

DHORMONE DE CROISSANCE CHEZ LES HOMMES

AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute

Cet article a exploreacute les effets du Qi-training sur la reacuteponse neuroendocrinienne et production de superoxyde par les neutrophiles chez les hommes acircgeacutes en bonne santeacute Une heure de Qi-training a consideacuterablement reacuteduit la concentration plasmatique de cortisol et a augmenteacute les concentrations plasmatiques dhormone de croissance et de meacutelatonine La production de superoxyde par les neutrophiles a augmenteacute de maniegravere significative immeacutediatement apregraves le Qi-training (p lt01) La variation de la production de superoxyde neutrophile est sensiblement correacuteleacutee avec la variation de la concentration dhormone de croissance apregraves Qi-training (p lt001) Ces donneacutees indiquent que chez les hommes acircgeacutes le Qi-training ameacuteliore la production de superoxyde par les neutrophiles eacuteventuellement via des changements dans la concentration plasmatique de lhormone de croissance

38 CARDIAC REHABILITATION FOR THE ELDERLY QI

GONG AND GROUP DISCUSSIONS


Stenlund T Lindstrom B et al Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 200512(1)5-11

Source Heart Centre University Hospital SE-901 85 Umearing Sweden theresestenlundvllse

Abstract

BACKGROUND Over the last decade several studies have shown that patients with coronary artery disease even above the age of 70 can be successfully treated with advanced medical and surgical methods Unfortunately rehabilitation programmes for this group are rarely offered It is important to develop forms of rehabilitation that are adapted to the specific needs of this increasing group of elderly patients The aim of this randomized study was to investigate whether the combination of Qi Gong and group discussions would increase physical ability for elderly patients gt or =73 years with coronary artery disease

METHODS A total of 95 patients (66 men and 29 women) with documented coronary artery disease were randomized to an intervention group (n=48) mean age 77+-3 (73-82) or to a control group (n=47) mean age 78+-3 (73-84) The intervention groups met weekly over 3 months The control group got usual care Physical ability was assessed at baseline and after the intervention

RESULTS Patients in the intervention group increased their self-estimated level of physical activity (P=0011) and their performance in the one-leg stance test for the right leg (P=0029) co-ordination (P=0021) and the box-climbing test for right leg (P=0035)

CONCLUSION A combination of Qi Gong and group discussions appear to be a promising rehabilitation for elderly cardiac patients in terms of improving self-reported physical activity balance and co-ordination This could be an option for elderly patients who do not participate in the ordinary cardiac rehabilitation

38 LA REacuteADAPTATION CARDIAQUE CHEZ LES

PERSONNES AcircGEacuteES QI GONG ET DISCUSSIONS DE

GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute

CONTEXTE Au cours de la derniegravere deacutecennie plusieurs eacutetudes ont montreacute que les patients atteints de maladie coronarienne mecircme au-dessus de lrsquoacircge de 70 ans peuvent ecirctre traiteacutes avec succegraves avec des meacutethodes meacutedicales et chirurgicales de pointe Malheureusement les programmes de reacutehabilitation pour ce groupe sont rarement offerts Il est important de deacutevelopper des formes de reacuteadaptation qui sont adapteacutes aux besoins speacutecifiques de ce groupe croissant de patients acircgeacutes Le but de cette eacutetude randomiseacutee eacutetait de deacuteterminer si la combinaison de Qi Gong et des discussions de groupe augmenterait la capaciteacute physique chez les patients acircgeacutes gt ou = 73 ans avec une maladie coronarienne

MEacuteTHODES Un total de 95 patients (66 hommes et 29 femmes) atteints de maladie coronarienne lsquodocumenteacuteersquo ont eacuteteacute aleacuteatoirement affecteacutes agrave un groupe dintervention (n = 48) acircge moyen de 77 ans + -3 (73-82) ou agrave un groupe de controcircle (n = 47) acircge moyen de 78 ans + -3 (73-84) Les groupes dintervention se sont reacuteunis chaque semaine pendant 3 mois Le groupe teacutemoin a reccedilu les soins habituels La capaciteacute physique a eacuteteacute eacutevalueacutee avant et apregraves lintervention

REacuteSULTATS Les patients du groupe dintervention ont augmenteacute leur niveau auto-estimeacute dactiviteacute physique (p = 0011) ainsi que leur performance dans le test de position sur une jambe pour la jambe droite (P = 0029) la coordination (P = 0021 ) et le test de lescalade sur une boite pour la jambe droite (P = 0035 )

CONCLUSION Une combinaison de Qi Gong et de discussions de groupe semble ecirctre une reacutehabilitation prometteuse pour les patients cardiaques acircgeacutes en termes dameacutelioration de lactiviteacute physique autodeacuteclareacutee de leacutequilibre et de la coordination Cela pourrait ecirctre une option pour les patients acircgeacutes qui ne participent pas agrave la reacuteadaptation cardiaque normale

Groundbreaking review of the evidence base for Qigong and Tai Chi The Most Comprehensive Review of the Health Benefits of Tai Chi and Qigong Published

August 31 2010 ndash The Institute of Integral Qigong and Tai Chi (httpwwwIIQTCorg) a training division of Health Action Inc in Santa Barbara California in collaboration with Arizona State University and the University of Arizona just released a comprehensive review of the health benefits of Tai Chi and Qigong Chinese wellness practices published in the prestigious American Journal of Health Promotion (AJHP)

The Chinese have had no need to prove that Qigong and Tai Chi are relevant medically or scientifically as it is widely believed in Asia that these practices have great physical mental and even spiritual benefits The Asian societies have performed Qigong and Tai Chi consistently for millennia ie these wellness practices are ldquotried and true However in the Western world Qigong and Tai Chi are not familiar The norm is to hesitate to grant that a concept or process has relevance and credibility until it has been proven to have quantifiable benefits

In the past when asked about the ldquoevidence baserdquo for Qigong and Tai Chi most advocates would simply respond ldquoThe Chinese have been doing these practices for thousands of years That is plenty of evidence of their valuerdquo Now a bona fide ldquoevidence baserdquo for Qigong and Tai Chi is emerging from within the scientific framework of the Western world

This recent collaboration to review the Qigong and Tai Chi literature has resulted in the most comprehensive review of the research literature on Qigong and Tai Chi that has ever been produced Dr Roger Jahnke OMD and his colleague Dr Linda Larkey applied a rigorous criterion wherein only the best randomized controlled trials were considered in the review The total of such research between 1993 and the end of 2007 was an impressive 77 trials This review presents the entire Qigong and Tai Chi ldquoevidence baserdquo in one comprehensive presentation

77 MEDICAL STUDIES CONFIRM THE HEALTH BENEFITS

OF QIGONG AND TAI CHI










TREATMENT



Abstract




Reacutesumeacute









UK myeongleepmsacuk
























Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute














TREATMENT



Abstract




Reacutesumeacute









UK myeongleepmsacuk
























Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute






TREATMENT



Abstract




Reacutesumeacute









UK myeongleepmsacuk
























Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







Reacutesumeacute









UK myeongleepmsacuk
























Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










UK myeongleepmsacuk
























Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute












Abstract








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








CONTROcircLEacute

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract

















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute




















Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute











Abstract











STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute














STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







STRESS




Abstract






















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute




















Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







RANDOMISEacuteS












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute












SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute






SYNDROME




Abstract







Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract





Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract




SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







SOUS-JACENT




TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute






TRAINING




Abstract



DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute






DU QI-TRAINING






Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract












Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute















Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract







Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract








STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute











STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







STUDY




Abstract

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute

















Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute









Abstract









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute









ABSTRACT






SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








SUMMARY





QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







QIGONG THERAPY



ABSTRACT








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








Results


Conclusion





INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








INTERACTION




Abstract





(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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(SUITE)


CONCLUSION






Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Reacutesumeacute











MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


SUBJECTS






INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



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Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







MALE SUBJECTS




Abstract








Abstract




BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


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INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



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Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




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MEASURES


RESULTS


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Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

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SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract




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Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


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INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


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Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




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RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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BLOOD




Abstract









Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


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INTERVENTIONS


OUTCOME MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




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RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract

OBJECTIVES


DESIGN AND SETTING


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RESULTS


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CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



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Abstract

CONTEXT


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MEASURES


RESULTS


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Abstract










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Abstract

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SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





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Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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INTERVENTIONS


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RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS






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CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



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Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


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INTERVENTION


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RESULTS


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Abstract










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Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


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RESULTS


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Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




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Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

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Abstract







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Reacutesumeacute















CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



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Abstract

CONTEXT


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DESIGN


PARTICIPANTS




INTERVENTION


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Abstract










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Abstract

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Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


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MEASURES


RESULTS


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Abstract










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Abstract

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CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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CONTROLLED TRIAL




Abstract



OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


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DESIGN


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INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


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Abstract










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Abstract

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SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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OF HEROIN ADDICTS




Abstract

CONTEXT


OBJECTIVE


DESIGN


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INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS



SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




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RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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INTERVENTION


MEASURES


RESULTS


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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

OBJECTIVES




INTERVENTION







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SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


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RESULTS


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Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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SYSTEMATIC REVIEW




Abstract










BLOOD GLUCOSE




Abstract

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SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


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OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




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Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

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Abstract







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Abstract

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Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


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Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




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Abstract







GROUPE

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RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS





SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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SUBJECTS




Abstract






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Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Reacutesumeacute







Abstract










Abstract







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Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract










Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract







PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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PILOT STUDY




Abstract





Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








Reacutesumeacute





PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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PARKINSONS DISEASE




Abstract


METHODS





RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute








RESULTS


CONCLUSIONS








OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute











OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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OLDER ADULTS


Kemp CA 2004 Dec22


Abstract








Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract




MEN




Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

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Abstract







GROUPE

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Abstract





AcircGEacuteS

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Abstract







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AcircGEacuteS

Reacutesumeacute







Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute










Abstract







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute







GROUPE

Reacutesumeacute





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