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Recent developments in telematics-based Demand
Responsive Transport
John D NelsonTransport Operations Research GroupUniversity of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
IVT-SeminarJuly 2003
Structure of the Presentation
ØRecent Concept Development
ØInstallation and Evaluation
ØInnovation: Multiple Service Provision
ØConclusions
Background to Demand Responsive Transport
Ø Intermediate form of public transport
ØDRT services …• Provide rapid response transport services ‘on demand’
from the passengers• Offer greater flexibility in time and location than
conventional public transport in meeting individual requests for transport
ØTechnological development
DEMANDRESPONSIVETRANSPORT(DRT) USER
USER
“SMART” BUS STOP
TRAVEL DISPATCH CENTRE (TDC)
AUTOMATEDBOOKING
MANUALBOOKING
BOOKING,PLANNING
ANDDISPATCHING
SYSTEM
ON-BOARD UNIT (OBU)
VEHICLE
Booking the Journey
Making the Journey
MEETINGPOINT
Schematic Representation of Telematics-based DRT Services
Flexible by Name …
ØTypes of pick up / drop off points• Conventional bus stops• Predefined stop points• Door-to-door
ØTypes of routes• Fixed• Semi-fixed• Flexible• Virtually flexible
Corridor service (example)
Area service (example)
End point
Fixed intermediate point
Non predefined stop point
Predefined stop point
DRT Traffic Concepts
Virtual flexible route: Area service (example)
Depot
Non predefined stop point
Predefined stop point
DRT Traffic Concepts (continued)
Installation:Early European Initiatives
ØSAMPO and SAMPLUS• EU DG XIII R&D Programme• Rural and urban• 4 European demonstration
sites• 2 follower sites
ØUK Initiatives• DoRiS, West Sussex and
Surrey• Bus Challenge Programme• Scottish Executive
+ NoneRuralLowStockholm (Märsta)
Sweden
Special transport & None
UrbanHighGothenburg (Högsbo)
Sweden
Special transport & None
Regional & Urban
Moderate –High
Florence, Porto Romana& Campi
Italy
Special transport & None
Regional & Urban
Low –Moderate
Tuusula, Järvenpää & Kerava
Finland
NoneRegionalModerateLimbourg, W & E Flanders
Belgium
User RestrictionService Type
Population Density
LocalitiesCountry
Characteristics of Five DRT Demonstration Sites
Evaluation: Economic Viability
ØOperating costsØTDC CostØVehicle usageØRoute directnessØPassenger usage
KESKI-UUSIMAA SAMPOPassengers in a week, years 1997 - 2003
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40 43 46 49 52
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
Start of Eu-Pilot 27.2.1997
Evaluation: Service Provision
ØCore background informationØTrip purpose ØOperator indicesØCoverage of service ØService reliabilityØEase of making reservationsØPassenger convenience
Evaluation: Technical Performance
ØSystem performanceØSystem capacityØLoss of potential customersØService reliabilityØData reliability
What’s in a Name?
ØWiggly Bus, Vale of Pewsey, WiltshireØCall Connect, LincolnshireØU Call, West Newcastle and Airport, Tyne and WearØPhone and Go, NorthumberlandØCango, Andover, HampshireØVillage Link, Southern Vale of GloucesterØ Local Link, Wythenshawe, ManchesterØMeltham’s Minibus, West YorkshireØHampole and Skelbrooke Taxibus, Doncaster,
South Yorkshire ØDoRiS, West Sussex and South Waverley, Surrey
Flexlijn Gothenburg, Sweden
Route Flexibility
U Call, Nexus,Tyne and Wear
DoRiS, South Waverley,
Surrey
Village Link,Southern Vale of
Gloucester
Wiggly Bus, Vale of Pewsey, Wiltshire
Phone and Go, Northumberland
Angus Glens, FAMS
Cango, Hampshire
Belbus, West & East Flanders,
Belgium
Hampole and Skelbrooke
Taxibus, South Yorkshire
Semi Fixed
Flexible
Virtual Flexible
Fixed Sections
PersonalBus, Florence Disabled, Italy
Meltham’sMinibus, West
Yorkshire
North Lanark, Strathclyde
Call Connect, Lincolnshire
Flexibility of Booking Method
U Call, Nexus, Tyne and
Wear
DoRiS, South Waverley,
Surrey
Village Link, Southern Vale of
Gloucester
Wiggly Bus, Vale of Pewsey,
Wiltshire
Phone and Go, Northumberland
Angus Glens,FAMS
Cango, Hampshire
Belbus, West & East Flanders,
BelgiumHampole and Skelbrooke
Taxibus, South Yorkshire
TDC: Manual
TDC: IVRSInternet
Telephone driver
PersonalBus, Florence Disabled, Italy
Flexlijn, Gothenburg,Sweden
Meltham’sMinibus, West
Yorkshire
North Lanark, Strathclyde
Call Connect, Lincolnshire
TDC: Software
Must book to travel
Flexibility of Minimum Pre-Booking Period
U Call, Nexus, Tyne and Wear
DoRiS, South Waverley,
Surrey
Village Link, Southern Vale of
Gloucester
Wiggly Bus, Vale of Pewsey,
Wiltshire
Phone and Go,Northumberland
Angus Glens,FAMS
Cango, Hampshire
PersonalBus, Florence Disabled, Italy
Belbus, West &East Flanders,
Belgium
Flexlijn, Gothenburg, Sweden
Hampole and Skelbrooke
Taxibus, South YorkshireMeltham’s
Minibus, West Yorkshire
North Lanark, Strathclyde
2 hours
1 hour
½ hour
Previous day
Call Connect, Lincolnshire
Phone and Go, Northumberland
ØRural Bus Challenge• Lower Coquet Valley • Allen Valleys
ØRole of TORG• Project Management• Travel Dispatch
Centre• Research Partner
Phone and Go, Northumberland
ØValue Added• User Requirements• Co-operation with Community
Transport (ADAPT)• Education Transport Services• New User Groups• Feeder & Interchange• Mobility Assistants• Evaluation
Phone & Go / Click & Go Project: The Travel Dispatch Centre (TDC)
MobiRouterDatabase (Oracle)
VISUM
panicbutton
AutomaticPassengerCounting
AutomaticVehicleLocation
NorthumberlandJourneyPlanner
TransportDirectDatabase
fixed routesDatabase(Transmodel)
IntelligentMobilityEngine
Positive Operational Outcomes
ØTDC staffing can be flexibleØBooking times are shortØService reliability is goodØPassenger acceptance is generally goodØSoftware on connecting services è confidenceØ Innovative solutions improve services, e.g. taxis
used to guarantee a connectionØNiche market
• High quality service• Customised to passenger preferences
ØSocial inclusion
Innovation: Multiple Service Provision FAMS
ØFlexible Agencies for Mobile Services• Florence, Italy • Angus, Scotland
ØVirtual agency co-ordinating multiple transport resources
www.famsweb.com
FAMS in Angus: Objectives
ØTo bring new technologies to the commercial market placeØCreation of virtual agency for co-ordination of
multiple transport resources ØMeet the ever changing needs of the
individual, statutory bodies, businesses, communities and transport providersØTo measure each action of the agency and
report findings
Innovation: Multiple Service Provision: EMIRES
ØEconomic Growth and Sustainable Mobility supported by IST at the Regional level including SMEs. ØNetwork of:
• 4 EU Objective one regions: Finland, Greece, Spain, UK
• 1 region in accession country: Czech Republic
Sutherland
Ross & Cromarty
Inverness
Lochaber
Skye & Lochalsh
Nairn
Badenoch &Strathspey
Caithness
EMIRES in Highland: East Sutherland
EMIRES in Highland: Objectives
ØDevelop a Regional Service Centre (RSC) • Remote web based access to book and
interrogate servicesn Multiple transport servicesn Non-transport services, e.g. job interview
• Develop satellite Service Points throughout the site providing local access to book and use these services
ØDemonstrate that the EMIRES RSC functions as part of an international networkØDevelop a Highland business plan which will
contribute to a blueprint for further RSCsØContribute to Regional Innovation
Programmes for the EMIRES EU Regions
EMIRES in Highland: User Groups
Ø Region• Highland Council Passenger
Transport Co-ordination Unit• Highland Council Planning and
Development• Highland Council Education and
Social Work Services• Caithness and Sutherland
Community Care Forum• Caithness and Sutherland Enterprise• Caithness and Sutherland NHS Trust• Sutherland Partnership• Highlands of Scotland Tourist Board
Ø SMEs• Public transport providers• Scottish Ambulance Service• Local businesses
Ø Individuals• Local population • Job seekers• Local labour force• Young people• Tourists
EMIRES in Highland: Targeted Services
ØCombining information on trip purpose with public transport information to provide users with “one stop” solutionsØPersonalised information on job vacancies and
training courses that can be accessed via public transportØCore ontology for retrieval and combining of dataØTransfer of data between EMIRES and external
sources via web services technology
www.emires.net
Looking Ahead
ØAwareness raising is vitalØ Institutional, legal and economic barriers to be
overcomeØDRT cost savings are relative to conventional
public transport and special transport servicesØDRT can be relatively simple
• Manual booking of one public transport service Ø…. or more complex
• Integration of public transport, special transport and non-transport services using software scheduling systems
ØCONNECT – Flexible Collective Mobility Services for passengers and small goods
Contact Details
ØDr John Nelson• Tel: +44 191 222 7936• Fax: +44 191 222 5322• [email protected]
ØTransport Operations Research Group• [email protected]