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Recap: valuation of ecosystem services
• Show neglected values of nature, particularly to policy makers/economists
• Resolve trade-offs, or at least make them explicit• Valuation process way of exploring the ecosystem
service• Can create understanding across stakeholders
But:
• Controversial, responsible handling of method needed
TEEB India on urban areasFocused on forest ecosystems, inland wetland ecosystems and coastal and marine ecosystems.
Urban areas not dealt with in detail, but some interesting points.
“Currently [investigation of urban expansion] includes mostly morphological, physiological and biological information and a listing of drivers and pressures as a basis for identification of interventions. Integrating ecosystem services within these assessment protocols would enable collection of information on these aspects mandatory and lead to development of very useful and significant site level baselines.”
TEEB India Scoping Report p. 101
TEEB India on wetlandsEconomic valuation of wetland ecosystem services are particularly useful in three circumstances:
a) When there is a need to demonstrate the value of ecosystem services in terms of contribution to the local, regional or national economy
b) When there are policy trade-offs involved over use of wetlands
c) When multi-functional use of wetlands is being considered
Based on these criterions, candidate sites with the policy and decision making contexts which could be used for structuring economic valuation assessments are presented. Among those:
Deepor Beel, Assam. Role in flood mitigation; impacts of urban development on ecosystem services
Ritesh Kumar, Wetlands International South Asia, New DelhiEJ James, Karunya University, Coimbatore
TEEB India, p. 105
VALUATION METHODS Preferences
Direct methods
Indirect methods
Market prices
Production value
Avoidance cost
Compensation cost
Surrogate markets
Travel cost
Estate values