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8/19/2019 Readings (Viewpoints 1)
1/18
REAING
1 Word Check The following words appear
in the text Make sure you know what they
mean.
f aate • b nd • sqeaky • cope
PREDICTING CONTENT
Beore read ng a text, look at th e pct ures and
the title Ths w l l he lp you predct the content of
the text.
2 Look at the title and the picture What do you
think the text is about?
3 Read the text and check whether your
pediction was correct.
4. Ae the ollowing statements true o false?
Find evidence n the text to support your
answes
Te ma foll owg the wite was a stage
2 PA was irst di ag osed i he 990s
3. People ca ge PA fro tei paets.
4. Soe PA suferes do ' go o mc h
5. T e wrer peers o keep er cond on a secret
6. Sci et iss have o d scoveed a c re fo PA.
5 Choose the best answe according to the text.
1 In ts text he wre wans maly to . . .a tell eades he stoy of e ieb nform reades about PAc. gve deas abo te ates reseac o PAd. el p eades diag ose whethe hey ave PA
2 When te wite real sed se had PA, she was . . . .a ga d hat she was o aoneb pse ta thee was someh g wog
wt erc a gy at no one a d ever od hed happy hat he r cond o was no
ore serous
6 Answer the questions n your own words
How dd te wrer kn ow tat se ad PA?
2. Wa cles do PA sfees se o recognisepeope?
3. Why gt a busi ess eeg be d iclt for
te wite?4 Wha im pessio do PA sufferers ake on
otes?
5. Why do PA suffeers soeti mes peed heyhaven' go teir gl asses?
7 Fnd words or ph rases i n the text that mean:
1 aad (paagrap 1 )
2 i ad d it ion o (paagap 2)
3. deiey (paragrap 3)
4. make it possbe fo (paragaph 4)
5. types, k ds (paag aph 6)
• Have you ever been in a situation where
you d idn't recogn ise someone or couldn't
remember thei r name? How did you feel?
What did you do?
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A Face I' 11 Alwys orgt
A few years ago a man began cal l ing m e from th e other sd e of the street I gnore d h i m,
but he ran after me, shoting "Hey! Frightened, I shouted back, "What's the problem?
When e replied his American accent remnded me: he was my fatmate and I had been
living wth him fo three years
5 Tis incd ent along with several ote s, made me real ise that I am faceb ind . I h ave a
cond ition called posopagnosa, or PA. I ' m not real ly b l ind . When I ' m l ooking at a face, I can
d esci be it pe fecty. ts ust tat when I lo ok away, I don 't rem em ber the detai ls .
PA was first documented in the 1940s and was beieved to be caused by brain injury or a
stroke. However, n the 1990s, reports were published of parents and children who were
10 suffering from the disorde bt ad no injury. Tis clearly showed that some people are
born with the problem and that it can be heredtary Neurologists have now proved that it
is caused by a defect in a single geneWhen I tell my friends about my conditon, they say But you just recognised me "Yes, I
answer, "becase you still ave long orange hair, a squeaky voce and a ring through your
15 eyebrow. t's tese clues that allow prosopagnostics to function in society But what if
youre at a business meeting were all the men are wearing suits and have short hair?
In sort, lfe isn't easy for PA sufferers. We're seen as snobbish and
strange because we don 't say he ll o to peop le we' re supp osed to
know. Somehow, "Sorry, I didn't recognise you seems a poor
20 excuse for ook ng straght through someone especial ly when
that someone is your boyfriend
So how d o we cope? Wel l, we use al l sorts of strategi es. Som e of
us just don't social ise much Other options include smil ing at
everyone just in case they ae an acqantance, or pretending
25 we haven't got our glasses.
All in al l, it's a rel ief to know that my problem has a name
and that lots of other peop le share it - in fact, t's bel ieved
that one person in 50 suffers from PA. t's aso easier to
tel l people about it than to let them think I 'm crazy. And
30 now that they've found out it's caused by a gene, who
knows - one day there m ay eve n be a cure.
False friends
realise ( l ine 5 means darse cuenta no realizar
pretending (l in e 24) ean s fingiendo not pretendiendo
Uit 1
7
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�RE ING
4 Choose the best answer according to the text.
1 . Asab le was angy becase . a he manage had gven Max a ey to s
18
1 Word Check: Th e following words appear
in the text. Make su re you know what they
mean
goomy • b ned • staed • grasped
MAKING INFERENCES
Ma king i nferences he lps you u nderstand th ings
that a ren't actua ly written in the text We ca n
deduce th ings from certai n i nformation in the
text, for example, th e way people react or th e
th in gs they say.
2 The following sentences appear in the text
What can you infer from them? Choose the
correct answer be low
Ausable dd not look like any secret agentFowler had read about He was past midde agean d ver very fat.
Wen Fowler st saw Ausable ,e probaby el
a . exced b dsapponted
3. Read the short story ad compete thesentences using your own words
1 Ausabe wen o s oom becase . .
When tey entered e oo, Fowler andAusabe wee srpr ised by .
3 Max becae nevos when someone . . .
Max cl mbed tog te wndowbecase e ougt
5 . Max sceaed because . .
roob he manag e had no blo cked te balConyc Max waned e epod. Max was hold ng a gun
Ausabe said ta he had cal led te pol ce .a because Max had enered s roomb because Fowler ad fol owed hi m o hi s
omc. n ode to g ve he h e secret eportd jst n case thee was tobl e
3 Ausabe knew ta e knoc k on he doorwas . a . te pol ceb. roo servcec. an agent de verng e repord. the hoel mana ger
. We can ne that n te end Fowler fel
a hat hs i s pesson ad been wrongb hat Ausab le was no very profession ac dsapponted becase te evenin g had not
been exci in gd wo ied abot wa had appened o Max
5 Fin d words o phrases in the text tha t mean
the opposte of:
1 . led (l nes 1-3)
. pracical (nes 8-10)
3 at ( nes 3-5)
.happ ly ( i nes
3-3)
5 slowly ( nes 50-5)
6 loweed ( nes 4-56)
• Do you thi k Ausable was a good secretagent Why o why not
Fictional spies: Sam isher,
Jason Bourne and Austin Powers
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The Midnight s tor
Aue did not look ike any secret agent
ower had read about He was past mddle ageand ver, very fat. Fowler oowed him down theoomy corridor of the od French hote where theecret agent had a smal room on the sixth oor
You are disappointed," Ausable said over hishoulder. ou were told that was a secret agent,
a spy You wanted to meet me because 1ou area young and romantic writer You had eXpectedysterious figures in the night, the crck o gunsand poison in the wine. But instead of havingecret messages sipped into my hand by a dar-
yed beauty, ony got a phone call arranging aeetng in my room Youve been bored" The fatan laughed to himsel as he unlocked the dooro his room and et hs rustrated guest enter
I I l
It belongs to the next room, but it extends
40 under my window," explained Ausabe angriy.The manager promised to block it off, but hehasnt." Suddenly, there was a knock at the doorAusable smied with relie That is the policeI tod them to check on me to make sure
4 everything was al right."Max bit his lip nervously The knocking was
repeated.What wil you do now, Max?" Ausable asked
I I do not answer the door, they wil come in5 0 anyway. And they wi not hesitate to shoot."
Max's face was back with anger as he backedswty toward the window and put one leg outinto the nght. Send them away," he waed wil wait on the bacony."
Cheer up, my oung friend Soon you wl see 55a top secret report o this room, a report
The knocking on the door became louder anda voice was raised. Mr Ausabe! Mr Ausabe!"
hat may someday aect the course o hstoryhat is the drama, is it not?" As he was speaking,:usabe closed the door behind him. Then he�tced on the light.
Halway across the room a man was standingand pointing an automatc pistol at them He was
lender, not ta, with a face ike a fox. Ausabeblinked a ew times Max" he said, you startede What are you doing in my room?"
The report," Max murmured. The secretrport that is being brought to you tonght. wanti"
Ausable sat down heavily n an armchair I'murious with the hote manager," he said grimly.his is the second tme in a month that someonehas entered my room from that balcony"owler's eyes went to the single window o the
roomBacony?" Max asked No, I had a key.What balcony?"
Keeping the gun on the two men, Max graspedthe window rame and swung the other eg up andover. The doorknob tued. As Max dropped onto
60 the bacony, he screamed once. The door openedand a waiter stood there wth a tray, a botte andtwo gasses.
65
7
Here is the drnk you ordered, sir" He set thetray on the tabe and lef the room.
Whte faced and shaking, Fower stammered,but . but . what about ... the polce?
There never were any poice," Ausablesghed. Only room service whom I wasexpecting"
But what about the man on the bacony ?"Fowler began.What bacony?" asked AusabeFowler was sti breathing hard as Ausabe
camy poured himsel a drink
aranging ( l n e mean p/aneando,
programando o arreg/ando
Uit 2
report i e 1 8) means informe ot reportaje
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J
�
RE ING
5 Choose the best answer accordi ng to the text
1 Pstous and hs coach ca ed that .a Osca had overcome h ge d isadvantages
0
1 Wod Check: The following wods appearin the text. Ma ke sure you know what theymean.
able-bodied • blades • ovecomeovertu • space-age
IDENTIFYING THE MAIN IDEA
Readi ng the frst entence of a pa ragrap h an
he l p ident ify the ma in dea . Ident fy ing the ma in
idea o eah paragraph w i l l he l p you un destand
the tt
2 Read the fist sentence of each paagraph inthe text In which paragraph do you think youwill i nd the ollowing in ormation?
1 istorus' eary l ie
. he easo o the AA's deciso Y
3. istoius reactio to the AAF's deciso S
4 An introduction to Osca istorus 1
5 . The inal vedict b
3. Read the text and check your a nswers to
Exercise 2
4. Answer the que stions
1 What is uusual about Osca isto s?
2 Why did Pi stoiu s bel ieve he should be a lowed
to compete n the Olympics?
3. What dd the IAAF decide?
4 Why dd they mae ths decsio ?
5 Accodig to istous ad his coach, what
maes him successfu?
6 Why s the wod ironically used i l i e 33?
b the Cheetahs wee bette tha egsc. it would be too diicult fo hi m to compete
at Beij i ngd. hi s case would set a pecedet
2. Pistoi us did ot compete at Bej g becausea the AA woud not al low tb. he was dsabledc he dd not u fast eou ghd the CAS woud not a l ow it
3 Accodi g to the text P storius' case has madep eopl e . . . .
6
1 .
2
3.
4
5
a. wat Cheetahs stead o ea legsb woder how much techo logy should be
used i spotc ask whethe disabed ad abe-bodied
athletes should compete togethed. change their minds about dsabed athetes
Find words in the text that mean
achievement (paragaph 1)
best, oremost (paag aph 3) -
opoessiona (paagraph 3)
geate tha orma paagaph 5)l
impove (paagaph 6)
• In you opinion, should Oscar Pistorius bea owed to compete at the next Olym pics?Why or why not?
F ind out about som stange spo rs at :WEB EXTRA •u •.brilgfobooks.es/le'JOfS I
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8/19/2019 Readings (Viewpoints 1)
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RE ING
1 . Word Chec The following words appear
in he ex. Mae su re you know wha
hey mean.
mave • reguay-saped • stateof-teat
SCNING FOR SPECIFIC
INFORMATION
Scann ing means look ing through the text qu ick lyto fi nd specfic n forma tion . Pay attention to thetye of i nformat ion you are l k ing for (names places, dates, prices) Looking for numberssymbo ls and cap ta l letters w he l p you
2 Scan he ex quic y o look for he follownginformaion
1 he smme tempeatue i bai4 < b(
the ame o Dbai s dewate hoel
3 the mbe o s la ds i The Wold
4. he name o the sl ad tat Bad Pt has boght
5 he sze o the uba Ma l
3 . Read he ex and answer h e foowng
quesons.1 . How wi the new poects hel p ba 's
ecoomy?
Wha cold othe a chiects do i tey kewte hei gt o Bu j D bai?
3 . Wha s unus al abot the rooms at Hydopo is?
4. How do yo now Te Word wil be anexcusive aea?
5. Wha s nnovative abo e panned68-soey owe?
The World
4 Are he foowing saemens rue or false?
Find evidence i n he ex o suppor your
answers.
1 Most peope don't ea se tat bai is ngot o oi l F
2. B i d i gs are be ig b i t vey q ick ly i ba-3 . Sayig at ydropo is w i be iexpesive t
4 No one wi ive o Pal m Islads. f5 uba ad wi be e same se as Dsey TWord
5 Choose he bes answer according o he ex.
1 e art i ic ia l is and gops ae . . .a . a shaped l ie pam reesb addt os o nata l sl ad sc eac made p o 300 slads@ ade o aa materia ls
2. Whic o he o owig ecords s Dbai NObea ing?a. te ta es bu d i gQ
the deepest bi ld ngc the argest a fc ia l is andsd. the argest shoppng cee
6 n d words or phrases i n he ex
ha ean:r
1 moey eared o receved AM�(paagrap 1 )
an as at l ve n he sea �)(paragraph 3
3 exta (paragrap 44. otae (pa rag aph 5)t� �
5 abt ious, impessive (paagaph 5)j
u
·
• Which sies in your area werespecificall y bu il o arac ouriss?
Are hey popular?
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One usually thinks of Dubai, one of the seven Arab Emirates, as being rich in oil. Itsrulers, however, know better. heir oil is running out fas, and to creae an alternaivesorce of income, they wan Dubai o become the business and touris capital of theMiddle Eas t O n the bare, dry desert sand of Duba i Ciy, where temperatures are oftenover 45°C in the summer, spectacular architecural projects are breaking every recordin the book. And it's happening a a speed and scale never known before.
First and foremost, the breahtaking Burj Dubai skyscraper will tower over this cit -and every other city. It's going to be the world's talles building, though no oneknows exactly how tall. Its planners are keeping is final heigh a secre because ofcompetition from other buildings under consruction They wan o be sure that byhe time it's finished, no other building will have surpassed i
While this building reaches for the sky, another projec is reaching deep underhe ocean Hydropolis, the world's first luxury underwater hoel, is a surrealisticfantasyland 20 metres below the surface of the Persian Gulf Shaped like a gian
.s jellyfish, its 220 opulent suites will have plexiglass walls so that guests will be ableto marvel at the colourful marine life all around them.
A larger project is he artificial island groups off Dubais shores. Built from sandand stone dug up from the bottom of the sea, theyll be the largest manmadeislands ever constructed. Palm Isl ands, three island groups shaped like gian palm
� trees, will contain heme parks, hotels and luxury housing for over a millionpeople he other group of islands represents a map of the world. Each of he
World's 300 islands is s haped like an individual counry, and is for sale sta rting at$1 5 million So if youve got some spare cash, you can join the list of celebritieswhich includes Pamela Anders on, who'll be living on "Greece'; and Brad Pitt and
Angelina Jolie, who have bought "Ethiopi a':
One of the most architecturally innovative future projects is a 68storey towerin which each irregularlyshaped storey will turn separately round a centralaxis, completing 360 every 90 minutes his means the entire building willalways be changing shape. Anoher recordbreaker is the grandiose, 1,200shop,
3 12millionsquarefoot Dubai Mall, the biggest shopping centre on the planetOne of the grandest projects of all is Dubailand, a huge leisure and entertainmentcomplex twice the size of todays biggest, Disney World Its highlights will inclu de
a multitude of theme parks, stateoftheart sports stadiums, resorts and malls.his i s just a small part o f whats happening in Du bai's building boom Clearly,
Js this city will soon be packed with sensational major attractions, making it oneof the world's architectural wonderland s.
False friends
luxury ( l ine 13) means lujo lujuria
larger ( ine 17) means mayor, m6s grande m6s largo
resorts ( ine 33) means complejos turfsticos no resortes
major ( l ne 35) means de gran relevancia not mayor
Uit 4
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�
REAING-
1 . Word Check: The following words appear
in he ex. Make sure you know wha hey
mean
ena age ncy • og-erm • cuddes • ury • ad
GUESSING THE MEANING
OF WORDS
Whe n you do n't know the mea n ng of a word try
to guess. First, try to identfy the part of speech
from ts p ace i n the sentence an d ts endin g.
Then , l ook for c lues to i ts mean i ng by read ng the
othe r words in th e sentence.
2. Read he ex Look a he words in co lou r
Wha par of speech is each word? ry and
guess he mea ning o f each word
3. Choose he bes answer according o he ex.
Jusify your choice wih a senence from
he ex.
1 . Te pupose o Flexpetz s to . . .a . eac people to take resposbilty for dogsb. ecoura ge peope to ow dogsc. al ow peope o have a dog eporaryd dssade people from owing dogs
2 F expetz cusomes a . s en the sae dog eac t eb. feel ha e sevice is too expesivec. are mosy peopl e wo have go oeyd. pay each te ey ae a dog
3 Mar ena ervantes . . . a feels i is wog o ret dogsb. says se resces soe dogs o deac s an a al r ghs acvsd. ps dogs i a a l seltes bewee reas
4. F lexpe .
a. operaes o y i te Uned Staesb is a er aoa l bsi nessc is app oved o by an im a expesd as sevea owners
4 Complee he senences according o he
informaion in he ex
1 Sa m W l l as compares re g a dog o . . . .
5. Choose he bes mean ing for each word
or ph rase according o he ex
1 leave ( l ine 1 )a go oub abandonc. ogetd. ic de
2 p ic p ( ne 5)
a l ftb byc aed ren
3 ae sho o (l i e 8)a. ave oo mc hb. don't ave eoughc have a lted don't ave ay
4 cla is ( l ne 9a. deadsb eqies
c. requestsd decares
5. long o (l i e 1 4)a watb watc take a lot of tied. in abou
• Some saes in he SA have recenly passed
laws ha ban he rening of animal s. Do you
hink i should be il legal o ren animals ?
Why or why no?
2 e Co is w ites that passng a dog aound wi l . . . .
3 eit hn ks ha nsead of reng dogs, peope
4. Tacy o son as aways waned . . .
5 Ke and L wa to give 6 Jackpo is a abado a . . .
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J
th' ima l Watc
Dogsf
r Ren l
Do you love dogs? Are you a person whose busy lifestyle doesn't leave room for a pet? There's asolution for you: Flexpetz, the dog rental agency. Now you can enjoy having a dog wthout the long
term day-today responsib iltes that come with it
How does it work? Customers who pay a monthly fee choose a dog on the I nternet Then they
pck it up from the Flexpetz oce for a day or a weekend and take t home for long romps by the
seaside and cosy evening cuddles on the sofa The next week they pick u p the same dog o r choose
another one lts not cheap by any means but this s a servce wh 1ch is meant for hardworking
urban professionals who are shot of t1me not money
Vets and animal experts object to the 1dea of do nt Is bu owner Marlena Cevantes cla ms that
10 many of the dogs come from overcrowded ani a. shelters here Uwanted amals are eventually
killed She says that they are well cared for be als and that customers sometmes even
adopt them
Flexpetz has offices n Los Ange les New York Cty a L and Cevantes plans to open more
offices around the world lt seems that no matter how hectic r lves may be we still long for the
uncondtional afecton of a fury friend
COMMENTS
We lve in crazy tmes. We can
rent anyhing from a car to a
desgner handbag for a fewhours. But a dog s not a fad
20 or a fashion accessory.
Sam Williams,
San Francso
Dogs are dependent
on meanngfu , felong
reationships wth their human
owners A dog wi become
5 confused and unhappy if t
is passed from one home to
another. I suggest that thesedog-lovers try volunteerng atthe local animal shelter where
there are penty of dogs that
need walks and attenton
Keith Collins
Animal behavouist London
For me Fexpetz is a dream
come true. I miss havng a dogbut it would be irresponsible for
35 me to keep one because I worklong hours and travel a lot I'm
mad about Olvia the poode
that I rent evey weekend
Woud she be better of in an
4o anima shelter? I dont thnk so!
Tacy Johnson,
Los Angeles
We want our chidren to have
the experence of a dog but
were too busy to cope wth
ownng one. The kids can't45 wat for the weekends when
we rent Jackpot a beautiful
back Labrador expetz is a
great dea
Ken and iz Matthews,
New Yok City
False frieds
claims ( e 9) me afrma not c/ama
eventually ( l ne 10) me na!mene oeventualmente
Uit
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�
RAING
1 . Word Check The followng words appearn the text Make sure you know what they
mean
twise • pla ins • rain-soaked • ha lsonesunel-shaped
UNDERSTANDING CONNECTORS
Connectors can he p you u nderstand th e
connecto n between idea s n a text They often
show contrast addt on , cause and esu lt .
2 F nd the fol lowng connectors n t he textook at the informaton they connect Decdewhether they show contrast, add ton, cause
or result
1 . due to ( l ne 9 3 . despe ( n e 1 2
2 moeove ( n e 1 2 4 so ( ne 25)
3 Read the text. Ae the followng statements
true or fa se? nd evdence n the text to
suppot you answes
1 Women aely become orado chases
2. Wl le beg and Metz have scie i c knowledgeabou toadoes
3 Tornado chasers ty to ge sd e tornadoes
4 W ll ebeg and Metz ae eve rghtene d
5 Tornadoes ae amo g the songes typesof soms
6 it 's o ecessay to evacuae people d ui ga tonado
C DRY AR
4 Choose the best answer accordng to the text.
1 . Toado chas ig is oten usta ng because a i is hard to ge the pope equ ip meb chasers do't kow he ime and locaon o
the ornadoesc i dn g a orado i voves a lo o tavel l i ngd i is da nge rous o ge vey clos e o a oa do
2 Toradoes a can destroy ent e ciesb ae easie o pedi ct han hu r icaesc have wds almos as fas as hu icaesd oten come unexpecedly
3 Amaeus who wat o chase oradoes a can do t al one i they ae careub ae usu ay fom Eu opec should do i wih a ou companyd can be very sue o seeing a toad o
5 Fnd words or p hrases n the text that mean:
1 . a set o goup of two (paagaph 1 2 nstead o (paragraph 2
3. h (paragaph 3
4 mos mode (paagaph 3
5 . srage, myseous (paragaph 5
6 see (paagaph 6)
• Do you th nk tonado chas ng s woth the
rsk? Why or why not?
Tornado Alley is
the area in theUnited States
where tornadoes
a re mo st frequ en t.
Q)
WIRM DRY
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�t he Twiste S istes Meteooogists Peggy Weneg and eanie Metz ae:ong the most skilled tonado chases in the United States. They'e not eay sistes,
�- th y'r the closest of fiends, and they enoy chasing tonadoes as a pai
ado chases ae people who do the opposite of what most people do athe than
nning away fom these deady, destuctive stoms, they actuay seek them out, taveling
•usands of kiometes to get as cose as they can. To do this they dive back and foth
o s Tonado Aley," the huge pains of the centa United States Amost al tonado
_ - es ae men, which makes Wienbeg and etz vey unusua
ado chasing can e extemely dangeous. Due to thei ackgound in meteoology, Wilenbeg_d etz ae ae to avoid getting caught inside a tonado but they ae constanty at isk At any
m they might e stuck y ightning slip on ainsoaked highways o get hit by giant haistones
!eove, it can e fustating Like ohe chases he pai use the latest equipment, but despite this
ae often unae to pedict exactly whee o when they ll find a wiste. They have often divenoss entie states, only to ealise that they should hae chosen he opposite diection.
·OY do they do it? Both women have een fascinated y toms since chidhood They
_ uld have become odinay weathe foecastes but he combination of a desie fo thils
:d scientific cuiosity makes them unale to esist chasing stoms. Toadoes ae powefu) ond ou conto Thee is an eement of fea but also of excitement and eauty,
y etz
ge tonadoes ae, indeed, one of the most poweful natual phenomena on theanet. Thei naow paths eave an eeie sot of devastation, such as ipping apat one
id of a steet while the othe emains intact Nealy 60 people a yea ae kiled in
· se funneshaped stoms, which have winds twice the speed of the stongest
uricane Wost of all, unlike huicanes, they ae nealy impossile to pedict:
ecastes ae able to wan people ony minutes efoe a tonado stikes, so
e idents have itte time to evacuate. The data gatheed by stom chases
uld hep sove this puzze
1any amateu thillseekes ae joining the stomchasing game, even
ming fom Euope to see tonadoes up cose. Those who want to chase
tos shoud not undeestimate the danges of tying it alone The ony
afe way is to oin a tonado chasing tou un y a company such as the
wiste Sistes Stom Tous. They take touists fo a week of chasing,
nd the ucky ones wil witness natue at its most spectacua - a
onado foming ight in font of thei eyes
actualy( l in e 5) meas realmente de hecho no actualmente
ordnary ( i e 1 6) means normal, corriente ot ordnar vulgar
4 U i 6
67
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RE ING
,
4 Answer the questions
1 . In what ways is an Antarcc cise d ferentfrom a uxu ry cru se
1 . Word Check The foowng words appear
n the text Make s ure you know what they
mean.
ozen • on board • seals • caims • pei s
A prono un o r possessive determi ne r refers to
a th i ng person or idea that has a l ready een
ment ioned often in the f irst part of the sentence
or in the prev ious sentence
2 Read the text and decide who or what thefoowing words reer to:
1 s ( l in e 3)
2 th is ( l ine 8)
3 they ( l e 1 7 )
the m ( l ne 23)
5 . the r ( ine 24)
6 t ( l ie 26)
3 . Choose the best answer accordn g to the text
1 The wr ter fee s i is spr s ig that .
a . so ma ny peo ple wa n o go to Atarcticab. it s so expens ve to go to Atarctcac t s possibe to go to Aa rcicad t s im possb e o go o Antarctica
2 he crse ship sak n 200 d u e to . a . a stom a seab. an accdenc the nexperence of te capai nd a lea ig tank
2 Wh at ae hree ways i wh ch Anactca isun qe/
3. What egatve effec could toursm have Atarctica?
Why do soe peope wa to l m i the n umberof touriss in Antarct ca?
5 What post ve effect cou ld tou sm have oAactica?
5. Complete the sentences usi ng your ownwords
1 ens of thosads of people . .
2 Before 1820 , n o one . . . . .3 Accoding o the 1 959 teaty, n o ation w ever
c l a m that
4 . ou rsts to Antarctca ma y be r sing the l vesbecase of . . .
5 . n he 2007 nc dent , no tour sts . .
6 . A di saster was avoded because te tank • .
6. Fnd adjectves in the text that mean theopposite of
1 nearby (paragraph )
2 sma l (paragraph 2 )
3 forbdden (paragrap� 4) calmest (paagaph 5)
5. hot (paragraph 5)
• Do you thnk that it's a good idea to promote
tourism to Antarctca? Why or why not?
There are 1 6 research stations inAntarctica.
Penguins an swm a speeds inexcess of 2 0 k/h
M/5 Explorer sinks in ntarctca,23rd November 2007
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10
15
20
2
3
Th e F i n a l F r o nt e
Aaria froze remoe ad m poib e o e o Or ? U be ievabe a eem youve oa adveu ou pr i ad eou h moey you a aua y v oe a he boom of heword. I a i popu ay a a ou deao owi wh he umb er of yeary viorow i he e of ou ad
A you ave o do i up o oe o e Aaria u e a d pay ayh i fom abou$8,000
oe day o $35000 or a mo Bu do expe a uxu ry rip wh d o a d ai o The purpoe o e a a you a abou hi amai p ae o a oo a you e o board, you ui de w be o eah you abou Aaria' eooy ad w i d fe Thi w prepae you or e uforeabe h you' be eei peaua r adape, a ieber, ea ad peu i
Ie-oveed Aaria he ode pae o Eah, pu e aue. ha o pemae ede, adee are o op oe b boad or a ee are a o o aive peop e, o he me h um abei eve a d eye o he u i hab ed oe wa whe wa dovered i 820 doebeo o ay ouy bu beo o a of u. 959, a eaoa areeme wa ed,ay o oury woud make ay eoia am here ad dedia he ee oie opeaeu ieii eeah
Evomea are oered abou e efe of oum o he aea, e ay um a avy
aue a e i he eooia ba a e They ay ha he damae ou d be mi mied hee wererue o i mi he u mbe of our a owed o vii ea yea However ome oum may aua ypomoe oervaio I peope wie Aaria breahak beauy, perap ey beomeawa re of he i mpoa e o poe
Howeve, he eviome o e o y oer ee are pe for hum a a we . The eaaoud e oie a e he ouh e o Earh ad ake a eaoed p' apai o e houhem wh e eoa i he reaherou e I November 2007 5 u uky ou a ver orou ieboa o he iy wae wah a he r ue hp a k ae ra o a eberFouaey or hem h e weaher wa am o he re were o deah or i jure before hey werea y reued Ju a uk y hee wa o o ea k rom he hi p a k he ak had eaked woud ave aued a ev romea diae
To be o he afe ide, i you dede o ave o Aara hooe a ompay ha a o oexperiee Ejoy you adveue ad keep i mid you ae auay v oe o Earh' fafroer
U it 7
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E ING
1 Word Check: The foll owing words appeain the text. M ake sure you know what theymean.
watcfl • evolved • speed cameras
AUTHOR'S PURPOSE
An a utho r writes for different reas ons, forexamp le : to inform (ne ws art icl es reports) toenterta n (narratves) t persuade (opin ion essaysan d ed itoria l s ) and to descr ibe (descr ipt ions ofevents p l aces or people) .
2 Read the text. What i s the author's pu rpose?
a. to persuade people to behave more ho esty
b. to te an amu si g story abot an experet
< to give iforatio about an experimet ad itsimpl icat ios
d. to describe te deta s of te way a exper metwas doe
3 . Complete the sentences
. I order to p v fo their d r s, peope . n the off ice r ·I
-F fhQ
� ( �
2. Peope pa id for the i dr i ks ess ofte we .
3 . Accod g to Messa Bateson, peope wi l hepus if
4. he wter fees that peope wi l be\�- .
more honest . . .WiAd . p:'.
The average person in
London is potographed
approximately 300
times a day on CCV
4 Choose the best answer accordin g tothe text
1 Accordi g to Me issa Bateso, people reacted tote poster of eyes because a it was vey rea sti c� they were afra d of beig caugtc they wated to be see as good peoped they rea ised tat it's wrog to be dishonest
2 he exper iet was impotat because . . . .®
it showed how people 's behavo ur ca beinflueced
b. the office now had eogh moey for d nsc t sowed how peope behaved i te tim e
of the caveed it got attetion i n the word's eda
3 Te Newcaste po i ce posters r have had a effect o crime fi gres
war dves there ae speed camerasc. have bee used i othe areas as weld were put u p as a resut of th e u iversity's
researc
5 Fnd words or ph rases in the textthat mean:
1 tg (paragrap 2) �A2 alost (paragraph 3) " �
3 . gua ratee (paragraph 4) r"4. react (paragrap 5 t,.e5 . occu (paragraph 7)
• Do you think that th e police in your areashould try usng posters like the Newcastlepolice? Why or why not?
Find oum re ab ut
hon box :ww.burli1gtoooks e/'•ponsI
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s the best policy but as we all
know we are sometmes no t as honest as we
should be According to the resuts of a recent
study at Newcastle University, England even a5 picture of someone watching us s enough to
make us change our ways.
The experment was conducted at an offce
where staff paid for ther own tea and coffee
by puttng money nto a tin Anyone n ths
· stuaton, of course would be tempted to take
a free drnk because no one woud know who
had paid and who hadn't The researchers
placed a poster above the mugs, showng the
price of each item Over a tenweek perod
5 they alternated the posters weekly, switchng
between an mage of flowers and various
m ages of watchfu eyes
The resuts were astoundng. Workers
had paid neary three tmes more for ther
2 drnks durng the weeks when the posters
had photographs of eyes The conclusion?
Peope behave better when they think theyrebeing watched. And according to Meissa
Bateson the behavoura biologst who ran the
experment its not just because were afraid
of getting caught
This reacton dates back to the days of the
cavemen when peope began to rease that
co-operatng n groups was a better way to
3 ensure survval than vng aone. Ths meant
that peopl e seen as co-operatve types enoyed
good reputatons and were kely to be treated
wel. The same s true today According to
Bateson, when we thnk were being watched
3 we behave better so people see us as co
operatve and behave the same way towards
us when we need hep
But why do we have ths eacton when we
know the eyes arent rea? Bateson says
40 "yes and faces send a strong bo log cal sig nal
that we have evolved to respond to n other
words ou r brans are programmed to respond
to eyes and faces even n a pcture.
The experment got worldwide media
5 attenton . People were excted by the possb l ty
that the same principe coud be applied to
other situations as well on the roads for
nstance Today road signs warnng drvers
of speed cameras often show a picture of a
50 camera. But now we know that were much
more li key to react f we see a p cture of eyes
or a face
Ths idea has actualy been appled by
the Newcaste polce in a new technque to
55 combat crime In rough areas where crimes
tend to take place, they have put up posters
of watchfu eyes wth the slogan Weve got
our eyes on crminals. heyl l be checking
crme fig ures to see whether the posters have6 an effect
ts a pty that peope aren't honest al the
tme, whether or not someones watchng. But
f all t takes s a poster to get th�m to make the
rght choce, then tsdefintey a good dea!
Newcastle Pice pser
False fr iends
policy i e ) means poltc ot polcaconducted ( i e 7) meas realzado o conducdocrime ( l n e 55) meas delncuencia o crimen
figure ( ine 59) meas dat, cifra o figura
U it 8
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� REAING
1 . Word Check The following words appearin the text. Make sure you know what they
mean.
spacecraft • cocpit • hoax
REVIEW OF READING STRATEGIES
2 Look at the title and the pictures. What do
you thi nk the text is about?
3. Read the first sentence of each paragraph
In which paragraph do you think youl l find
the following ?
1 a desciptio of a sal British T show2 . a desciptio of the falists "space wal3 . the reactio of the contestats to the hoax
4 Scan the text and fin d the followinginformation
1 the year Big Brther bega2. what ta Cty is ad whee ts ocated3 the amount of pr e oey gve to the fa ists
5 Read the text Look at the words in colour
and try to guess the meaning of each one
6 Are the fol lowing statemen ts true or false?
ind evidence i n the text to support your
answers
The part icipats the f ist Big Bothe weenaware of the impotance of ther pograme.
2 Tweve cotestats wee ch ose to f yto oter space
3. The cotestants were take to a trai gbase Russ a
4 . he spacecraft dd not eave the go d .
5 Cadidates thoght they were seeng paetEarth th roug h the spacecaft's wdows
6 Produ ces had expected the hoax towo pefecty.
Some participants on
7 Answer th e questions.
1 . I what way has teevs io chaged s ice 1 999?
2. How did the podces ake the base seem ke
Star Cty?
3 ow dd the cotestants fd o t about the
hoax?
4.Why were the psychoog cal tests i portant fothe pograme?
5 ow d d th e cotestants feel after they weregve th e pize?
8 Choose the best answer according to the text.
The witer fee ls that . a the hoax shod ot have been show
because it was cel
the pize s given to the cotestats were toogenerous
c. the contestants shod not compa in about
the hoaxd Kei a ssett was ot a good cad date fo the
progamme
9 Fi nd words or phrases in t he text that mean:
1 . cocated socialsed (paagraph 1
2 age, time peiod (paragraph 1
3 . o longe i use (paragaph 3)
4 n stead of (paagraph 4)
. deceved fooled (parag raph
• Do you th ink it's acceptable for TV producersto trick people as they did i n Space Cadets?
Why or why not?
real TV shows have becoe
in terna tional celebrities.
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In 1 999 nine Dutch volunteers took part n the T reaity pogamme Bg Boe Moving o ahouse whee they wee cut of fom the wold they interacted unde he gaze of live televsion
cameas 24 hous a day Litte did they know that the expeimental pogramme they wee in
woud become an instan hi and begin a new era in elevision. Back then, sitcoms and soap
5 operas used o be the man form of T eneainment , bu oday viewes ae used to he facthat reayT takes up mos boadcastng ime
O all the ealty shows one of the most remakable was Biain's Space Cadets The twelvecandidates selected fo ths progamme were tod tha hey wee going to Sta Cy he
Russian ta ining facil iy fo cosmonauts nea Moscow Fou among them would have he
10 opponiy of a lifetme: o fly o oute space
Rather than Russia, howeve, the contestants wee taken to a disused militay base n the
south-east of England In ode to make the sho fligh seem long poduces told the pilot to
fly n circes over he Noh Sea o fou hous befoe landing The base anne by actos had
been elaboately dsguised as a Russian facility, down to details such as Russian light bulbs
15 wal sockes and cigaettes
Ae two weeks of taini ng all but fou conestants had been kicked o the pogamme
and it was time fo the space flght The excied winnes boaded a spacecraft taken fom
a Holywood film set Fake noises and vibations accompanied the "take-o In place of
wndows the cockpt had digital sceens which pojected images of oute space complete
20 wth beauifu views of panet Eath t was the mos elaboate hoax in television hisoy
The high point of the fve days in space was to be a spacewalk The participants left the cat
one by one to step out into space; instead they sepped into a studio set where they weegeeted by fiends and amily who told hem that they had never really left England.
Even the poduces wee supised at how well the hoax had woked
25One eason ay have been the psychoogical ests in theselection process. These wee designed especialy to
pinpoint candidates who wee vey g i ble and theefore
likely to believe whateve they wee told.
To sofen he blow the inalists wee gven pizes
3o o £25,000 each and a trp o the eal Sa City
in Russia Despite this it was had fo them
to get used to the idea that they had been
tcked When pesentes asked twentyfive
yea-old Ke Hassett if she was upset she
35 admitted that she was heaboken She
expla ined that space travel had always beenhe childhood deam Was the hoax cruel?
Pehaps But anyone volunteeing fo a
eality show knows that they may be in fo
40 some supises ts all pat of the game
False friends
nstant ( l i e ) mea inmediato ot instante
facil ( l i e 9) mea instalaci6n ot facilidad
Ut 9