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READING WORKSHOP SERIES
DAY 1
Jennifer Evans
Assistant Director ELA
St. Clair County RESA
http://www.protopage.com/evans.jennifer
Agenda
Introduction Background Objectives
Initial Reading Workshop
Reflection/Plan
Essential Components of
a Reading Workshop
Assessment Overview Practice Homework
Entrance Ticket
Teacher Self-Reflection
Essential Collaboration
With your table group, discuss the meaning of
each box on the Teacher Self-Reflection tool.
Determine an essential understanding of what
each box means.
Where We Are Now ?
Highlight where you feel you are on the Teacher Self-reflection
tool.
Compare the Initial Reading Survey with the self-reflection.
Set a goal for your continued implementation
of Reading Workshop and what you would
like to accomplish by the end of this
year.
Throughout this series, develop
and add to a plan detailing
what you will do to achieve your
goal.
Keep This in Mind:
Why Workshop?
Research based
MotivationBest Practices
Research Based
Research has suggested that addressing students’ individual needs is an important aspect of effective reading instruction (Fielding & Pearson, 1994). Although this may challenge teachers’ traditional notions of reading instruction, forcing them to work in guided reading groups and individually with readers, the research is overwhelmingly in favor of individualizing instruction to meet the needs of all learners (Allington & Walmsley, 1995). Teachers need to put aside instructional practices that have been shown to be ineffective.
Attachment A
Research Base for Readers and
Writers Workshop Article
Big Five from the Reading First Panel of the
Federal Government
7 Habits of Good Readers
What are the Big Five? How do you teach them?
Motivation
Learning in general is indeed an intentional act. Students make the conscience decision to learn or not to learn immediately upon entrance into the classroom each day. The teachers and learning environments which the student encounters certainly influence his decision to learn.
Implementing Reading and Writing Workshop into elementary, middle, and secondary classrooms can lead to increased levels of motivation in readers and writers.
Research has found that high levels of motivation and engagement in elementary classrooms leads to high levels of achievement (Pressley, M., Allington, R.L., Wharton-McDonald, R., Black, C.C., & Morrow, L.M., 2001
Best Practices
In workshop approaches, the teacher is seen as a decision maker, conducting lessons and creating learning experiences based on the needs of the readers in their class.
Instructional decisions are made by teachers to address the needs of the students in their classrooms, rather than coming from a commercial program. In the hands of a quality teacher, basals and instructional materials become resources to use, rather than a series of lessons to be read aloud.
not authentic text every piece (worksheets)skills in isolation one size fits alldecline in reading scores often times the teacher does all of the
talking not providing the students with the time to practice
Don’t promote teachers making good instructional decisions based on student need
“Basals with fidelity”
One of the most important things we can do as educators is to provide students with ample time to practice reading and writing.
It is necessary to have a classroom structure in place that supports the other students in their literacy learning.
Management and routines are key!
The Reality
Professor Pearson finds that in many classrooms, students spend little time actually reading texts. Much of their instructional time is spent on workbook-type assignments. The skill/time ratio is typically the highest for children of the lowest reading ability (Allington, 1983). Furthermore, the research indicates that teachers are spending inadequate amounts of time on direct comprehension instruction. A study completed in 1979 (Durkin) concluded that teachers used either workbooks or textbook questions to determine a student's understanding of content, but rarely taught students "how to comprehend." In 1987, Dr. Pearson (and Dole) described the importance of "explicit instruction" for teaching comprehension
How?
teacher modeling and explanation with explicit instruction
guided practice during which teachers "guide" students to assume greater responsibility for task completion
independent practice accompanied by feedback
application of the strategies in real reading situations
Dr. Pearson emphasizes that comprehension instruction must be embedded in texts rather than taught in isolation
through workbook pages.
Such instruction involves four phases:
Reading/Writing Workshop Comparison
Traditional Reading Groups Groups remain stable in
composition. Students progress through a
specific sequence of stories and skills.
Introductions focus on new vocabulary.
Skills practice follows reading. Focus is on the lesson, not the
student. Teacher follows prepared "script"
from the teacher's guide. Questions are generally limited
to factual recall. Teacher is interpreter and
checker of meaning. Students take turn reading orally. Focus is on decoding words. Students respond to story in
workbooks or on prepared worksheets.
Readers are dependent on teacher direction and support.
Students are tested on skills and literal recall at the end of each story/unit.
Guided Reading Groups Groups are dynamic, flexible, and
change on a regular basis. Stories are chosen at appropriate
level for each group; there is no prescribed sequence.
Introductions focus on meaning with some attention to new and interesting vocabulary.
Skills practice is embedded in shared reading.
Focus is on the student, not the lesson.
Teacher and students actively interact with text.
Questions develop higher order thinking skills and strategic reading. Teacher and students interact with text to construct meaning.
Students read entire text silently or with a partner.
Focus is on understanding meaning.
Students respond to story through personal and authentic activities. Students read independently and confidently.
Assessment is ongoing and embedded in instruction
Comparison of Traditional and Guided Reading Groups
In order to create a literacy environment within your classroom, what things must be considered?
Think – Pair - Share
* traffic flow * rich language environment *rule/procedures* management of materials
*good lighting * preferred seating *interests levels * leveled library * noise level*relevant activities * file folder games at level
*trust * comfort * safety *vision* work to keep engaged *goal setting
Collaborate , research, plan to determine the best set-up for your classroom.
Whole-Class Meeting Area (This includes my easel, rug, directors chair, etc.)
Book Shelves for My Classroom Library
My Bulletin Boards (My CAFE board, Homeworkopoly, 6 Traits Board, Writer's &
Reader's Workshop, Anchor Charts, All About Me Board,
etc.)
Check In/Paper Work Area for Students Computers Materials/Supplies Set Up
Desks/Tables
Plan Your Space
The sisters – setting up your classroom: (6 min. )
http://www.choiceliteracy.com/books-dvds-detail.php?id=57
Classroom set-up: (pictures)
http://workshopteaching.weebly.com/classroom-set-up.html
Setting Up Your Classroom
Break
In order for a guided reading group to be successful, the rest of the students in the class need to be involved in meaningful literacy activities.
It takes time to establish routines
Why is structure important?
At your table, take turns sharing examples of
meaningful activities for students to do. Be sure to explain how you know it’s
a meaningful activity.
Each time you share, place your chip in the
center.
Everyone must share before you share again.
Take notes of meaningful activities you would like to
use.
Chips in:
Students are actively
engaged
Concepts and strategies are reinforced and
based on student need
Collaboration and
independence are promoted
Meaningful literacy activities are ones in which:
PLC opportunity: How do you determine what literacy activities you will teach? Have at centers?
Literacy develops best through social
interaction and dialogue with
others.
Guided reading is essentially a
carefully managed “social occurrence”.
Research tells us that:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nhZ7g0955Q (6.42)
The Components of Balanced Literacy
Mini-Lesson (10-15 minutes): explicit instruction
of skills and strategies
Read Aloud
Think-Aloud
Shared Reading
Modeled Reading
Review
Assessment
Independent and Small Groups (45-60
minutes):
Independent Reading
Collaboration
Discussions
Guided Reading
Assessment
Conferences
Reinforce/Extend/Re-teach skills
Centers/Menus
Shared Learning (10-15 minutes): time to share and talk about reading
Sharing Projects
Author’s Chair
Assessment
Status check
Review
Essential Components of a Reading Workshop
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cgN2WUMW6zM (Calkins – Structures of a Reading Workshop– 5min)
Rick’s Reading Workshop Overview: https://www.teachingchannel.org/videos/reading-workshop-overview
Components of a Reading Workshop
Handout of Components
Read AloudTeacher reads selections aloud to students.
Benefits:
•Students are introduced to a variety of texts
•Students hear fluent reading
•Teacher shares her thinking (Think Alouds)
•Students are provided with quality writing models
•Creates a sense of community
What it Looks Like: All Eyes on One Text
Reading Together Repeated Readings of
New, Familiar and Favorite Texts
Supported Skills Fluency and Phrasing Love for reading Comprehension Word familiarity Phonemic
awareness/phonics Safe environment
Shared Reading
Guided Reading
Guided Reading Small Group Strategy Lessons
Small groups at the same reading level
Prepares students for the next reading level
Teach the skills within their instructional level
Books match their instructional reading level
Small groups that are skill based
Students may or may not be at the same reading level
Differentiated Instruction Books match their
independent reading level
Teacher works with small, flexible groups of children who have similar reading strengths & needs.
Students read texts that they have chosen.
Books should be “Good Fits” Meet their need (to inform,
entertain, or persuade them) Match their interests At an appropriate reading
level Students are given time to
actually read. Students are encouraged
to get comfortable.
Independent Reading
Individual Instruction for Readers and Writers
Take place between the teacher and student
Differentiation at its Best!
Conferring
Mini-lesson : Teacher explicitly teaches a skill in phonics, spelling, vocabulary, reading, or writing
Practice: Students practice the skill independently or with a partner - a white board for everyone is key
Sharing: Students share what was learned and how it will help us in everyday reading and writing
Word Study
Components of Language/Word Study
Phonemic Awareness
Phonics Instructions
Vocabulary Instruction
Spelling Instruction
Interactive Edit Vocabulary Handwriting Test Reading/Writing
Current EventsModeled or
Shared Reading/Writing
Interactive Read Aloud
Rules and Procedures are Clearly Established
Relevant tasks are prepared at each center
Literacy Centers
When trust is combined with explicit instruction, our students acquire the skills necessary to become independent learners. Students will continue their learning even when they are not being “managed” by the teacher. (p. 18)
Providing choice Establish clear routines and procedures Explicitly explain why Provide lots of time for students to practice Build Stamina Good-fit books Anchor Charts Correct Modeling
Key to success:
Reading DevelopmentStage Name The Learner
Birth to grade 1 Emergent Literacy Phonological Awareness – gains control of oral language; relies heavily on pictures in text; pretends to read; recognizes rhyme
Beginning grade 1 Decoding Phonics – grows aware of sound/symbol relationships; focuses on printed symbols;
Grade 1 to Grade 3 Confirmation and Fluency
Develops fluency in reading; recognizes patterns in words; checks for meaning;
Grade 4 to 8 Learning the New (Single Viewpoint)
Uses reading as a tool for learning; applies reading strategies; expands vocabulary;
Secondary Multiple Viewpoints Analyzes what is read; reacts critically to texts; deals with layers of facts and concepts
Higher Education A Worldview Develops a well-rounded view of the world through reading
Back Page of Flip Book
AssessmentsInformal Assessments
Listening In
Turn and Talk
Teacher/Student Conference notes
Running Records
Notes From Small Group Instruction
Observations
Hand Signals
Rubrics
Journals
Self-Evaluations
On Demand Writing
Formal Assessments
DIBELS
Pre/Post Assessments
MEAP/NWEA/STAR Reading-Math
DRA
Comprehension Tests
Published Writing
Presentations
Test Administration Collaboration
Get into assessment
groups
Discuss the protocols used to
administer and record
the test
Discuss any issues/
problems that were faced
during testing or recording
of the assessment
and how they were solved
Determine protocol for
administration and recording
Record on Notes Page
for all to follow the
determined protocol
with fidelity
Assessment Administration Protocol Notes
See Selena Example
An assessment states: (page 8)
“Have a conversation with the student, noting the key understandings the student expresses. Use prompts as needed to stimulate discussion of understandings the student does not express. It is not necessary to use every prompt for each book. Score for evidence of all understandings expressed – with or without a prompt. Circle the number in the score column that reflects the level of understanding demonstrated.”
“It is not necessary to use every prompt for each book.”
Teachers may interpret this in different ways.
What if they don’t ask any prompts on any test?What if they ask every prompt on every test?What if they change what the prompt says?What if they add their own prompts?
Scoring Collaboration
Discuss the protocols they used to score the
test
Discuss any issues/ problems that were
faced during scoring of the assessment and
how they were solved
Determine protocol for scoring the
assessment and record notes
“Note Any Additional Understanding”
If a student provides other information, how do you score it?Selena did not state that the picture showed the
skunk was happy (or had lots of room) in her retell, so she received a score of a 2. ○ What if Selena gave additional much deeper
information?○ What if Selena gave additional irrelevant
information?○ What if Selena gave similar information?○ What if Selena goes off on an incorrect tangent
and changes what she said earlier?
Assessment Scoring Protocol Notes
Practice/Investigation
We will have lots of practice to make instructional decisions
based on data during this series. Start by practicing
assessments.
Or Spend the remaining time exploring these websites or my Protopage to learn more about Reading Workshops
Assessment Practice
Practice specific examples of assessment protocol for:DibelsDRAInformal Reading InventoryBenchmark Assessment
• OR…
Student Assessment Record
Working individually or with a grade level team, discuss and develop tools to :1. Record student assessment information2. Plan for monitoring progress3. Plan for recording observations4. Plan for using data to guide instruction
Small Group
Name Reading Level
Interests Strengths Skills/ Strategies Needed
QSI Level
http://insideteaching.org/quest/collections/sites/myers_jennifer/workshopapproach.htm (multiple videos showing different components of a reading workshop)
http://www.scholastic.com/teachers/top_teaching/2009/10/reading-workshop (5:49 Typical Reading Workshop Structure)
Reading Workshop Videos
The Reading Workshop Resource page:
http://www.busyteacherscafe.com/literacy/reading_workshop.html
What effective classroom libraries look like: http://teacher.scholastic.com/products/classroombooks/pdfs/research/What_Effective_Libraries.pdf
Daily 5 Literacy Block: http://pinterest.com/megandm/daily-5-literacy-block/
Reading Workshop Sites
1. Plan and Organize Your
Classroom
2. Develop Your Schedule
3. Establish Clear Routines
and Expectations
4. Give Assessments with Fidelity
6. Prepare Relevant
Activities at Level
5. Use Data to Group Students
Recap
What happens next?
Next time, bring your assessment results, curriculum and planning guide. http://soltreemrls3.s3-website-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/solution-tree.com/media/pdfs/Reproducibles_SRTI/universalscreeningplanningguide.pdf
We will look at these results and plan instruction by grouping students, determining essential standards and what they mean, and understand correct text to reader match.
Read the Motivation to Read Profile