Reading Matter Spring 2010

8/9/2019 Reading Matter Spring 2010

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_CD@KNM BDPPC_XZ_KNM ?:4:

XPD_XSZZA_PC_X P_SXP DP _CD@KNM

[ASNM XPD_ BCBOC_X AN PFCK_ @D[ASP


2/32

?

Eknmxlc{ laaex xsrzrkxc` p}aXdnpdx1

]c bdec na dzalamkcx gar pfczkhpsrc tsdlkp{. Kpx pfc hanpcnp}c lkec.

@k` d SGA ldn`c` an asr zkphfpfc apfcr nkmfp1

D}d{ mdbc dnpkhkzdpkan$

XPD_ XFAPX


3/32

8

Zsolkxfc` an ocfdlg ag XPD__cd`knm Gaapodll Xszzarpcrx Xahkcp{ Lp`. prd`knm dx XPD_

Bdkn Hawcr Zkhpsrc]C_C ODHEKNM O_KDN Orkdn Bh@crbapp dp fkx Gdnx Garsb

C@KPA_X]cn`kc ]decgkcl` ! Cxpfcr Bd``cn ! Ndpfdn ]decgkcl` ! Zcpc Wkhecr{

C@KPA_X HABBCNPX

K xkp fcrc }rkpknm pfkx c`kparkdl. Pfc rd`ka fdx pfc walsbc psrnc` sz dlkpplc paa fkmf gar habgarp. Osp pfcrc dmdkn _cd`knm drc zld{knm d}d{grab fabc. ]kll }c habc d}d{ }kpf dnapfcr }kn1 ]kll Orkdn mcppfc pcdb pdhpkhx harrchp1 ]kll Ikbb{ mcp {cp dnapfcr madl1 Kpx napmaa` gar dn{ancx olaa` zrcxxsrc.

]fdp d hfdnmc xknhc pfc ldxp c`kparkdl. Pfcn }c }crc osbzknmdrasn` pfc oappab ag pfc hfdbzkanxfkz. Na} }c drc bawknm sz pfcpdolc dn` pfknmx drc laaeknm maa`. Pfc olaa` zrcxxsrc kx xpkll sz,

osp pfkx pkbc }kpf cvhkpcbcnp. Drc }c zras` pa oc _cd`knm1[as Ocp ]c Drc.

]c dxec` kn pfc ldxp c`kpkan kg {as hasl` gkll pfc oldne xzdhc. ]cllp}a zcazlc fdwc pdecn sz pfc hfdllcnmc dn` }c }asl` lkec pa xd{ dokm pfdne {as pa Xpcwc Zrknhc dn` Bdre Xsmdr gar pfckr drpkhlcx. Dnc} xchpkan fdx occn d``c`. Fdzz{ Cwcnpx. Pfkx }dx pfc k`cd agdnapfcr bcbocr. Kn pfkx c`kpkan }c drc hclcordpknm pfc okrpf ag dnc} bknk ra{dl dn` p}a wcr{ kbzarpdnp okrpf`d{x. Kg {as fdwc dFdzz{ Cwcnp habknm sz, xcn` sx pfc `cpdklx dn` d zkhpsrc. Asr

d``rcxx ncwcr hfdnmcx kngaJxpdr"rcd`knm.arm

XPD_ HANPCNPX

HANPCNPX

Hfdkrbdnx Napcx.Zdmc 0 ! ]fdp kx Xshhcxx Dn{}d{1.Zdmc 3Gdnx Garsb9 Zld{crx.Zdmc 6 ! [email protected] 48

XPD_ Cwcnpx.Zdmc 40 ! Nabkndpkan Garb.Zdmc 43Ld`kcx Hcnprc ag Cvhcllcnhc.Zdmc 4; ! Fdzz{ Cwcnpx.Zdmc ?:

Gdnx Garsb9 Orkdnx.Zdmc ?4 ! Mdbcx an Pfc Ncp.Zdmc 8:D Xszzarpx Knpcrwkc}.Zdmc 84


4/32

0

]cll pfcrc fdwc occn hfdnmcx xknhc pfc ldxp _cd`knm Bdppcr, dn` pa

oc fancxp nap ancx K cvzchpc` dx _cd`knm àcx nap fdwc pfcrczspdpkan gar xfarp"pcrb rcdhpkanx `sc pa ldhe ag zramrcxx an pfczkphf. Zcrxandll{ K db `kxdzzaknpc` pfdp }c à xccb pa fdwc iaknc`pfc rdnex ag hlsox }fa cvzchp kbbc`kdpc xshhcxx " osp fdwknm xdk`pfdp, pfc hfdnmc xa gdr àcx xccb pa oc gar pfc ocppcr. Pfc rcxslpxfdwc nap hfdnmc` `rdxpkhdll{ kn pfc lcdmsc dn` pfc zcrgarbdnhcx àxccb &}kpf pfc aowkasx cvhczpkan ag Zl{baspf+ pa fdwc kbzrawc`. Kdb }rkpknm pfkx dx }c fdwc isxp fd` asr xchan` xshhcxx kn pfc GDHsz, xa }kpf Orkdn Bh@crbapp hangkrbc` dx bdndmcr dlpfasmf }cdrc kn pfc rclcmdpkan yanc b{ cpcrndl azpkbkxb bcdnx pfdp K dbdnpkhkzdpknm d maa` rsn an pfc nc} hangk`cnhc. &Fa} rkmfp {as }crc9C`+

Dnapfcr zaxpzancbcnp `sc pa pfc xna} }dx pfc snwcklknm ag pfcolsc zldtsc pa rcbcbocr _a{ Prdnpcr5 }c }crc fazknm pa snwckl kpan pfc dnnkwcrxdr{ ag fkx `cdpf kn pfc }cce dgpcr Hfrkxpbdx osp pfcxna} bcdnp pfdp dll pfc cggarpx dp pfc xpd`ksb fd` pa oc zsp pahlcdrknm xna} gar Oavknm @d{ xa pfc zldtsc kx xpkll }dkpknm pa ocbasnpc` an pfc }dll ag pfc xpd ksb. Eccz }dphfknm pfc }coxkpc dn`lahdl zrcxx gar `dpcx ag dll pfcxc cwcnpx.

Gkndll{ pfdnex pa dll pfc bcbocrx }fa fdwc clchpc` pa rchckwc_cd`knm Bdppcr clchprankhdll{ dx kp }kll fclz rc`shc haxpx. Pfkx kxrclcwdnp dx pfc 8 hazkcx d {cdr dn` pfc d`bknkxprdpkwc haxpx agrcnc}knm bcbocrxfkzx sxc sz dll pfc bcbocrxfkz gcc dn` kg }c à

nap fdwc xahkdl cwcnpx pa rdkxc gsn`x }c drc lcxx dolc pa fclz apfcrxkn gaapodll dx }c xfasl` dhhar`knm pa asr aoichpkwcx.

Dlxa rcbcbocr pa lcp sx fdwc dn{ zraolcbx {as }dnp sx pa galla} szgar {as dp asr rcmsldr bccpknmx }kpf _GH ar pfc ndpkandl xszzarpcrarmdnkxdpkanx, ckpfcr `raz d napc knpa pfc XPD_ Odxc ar cbdkl sx an

kngaJxpdr"rcd`knm.arm.

Zdsld Bdrpkn

HFDK_BDNX NAPCX


5/32

3

K lawc gaapodll.

K `k`np lkec pfc dman{ ag }dkpknm gar pfc gkndl }fkxplc pa ma dp Dngkcl`}kpf pfc _a{dlx pfrcdpcnknm pa hrcdpc pfckr a}n zkchc ag fkxpar{.Ncwcr fdx b{ fcdrp rdhc` xa bshf kn d xzarpknm hanpcvp$

Pfc zcrgarbdnhcx awcr p}a GD Hsz pkcx dmdknxp anc ag Csrazcxbaxp xshhcxxgsl xk`cx }crc doxalspcl{ zfcnabcndl. Asr oa{x drcfcracx.

Dx gaapodll xszzarpcrx }c pcn` pa oc habzlcv hfdrdhpcrx. ]c mcp

pdecn awcr o{ cbapkan pfdp hdn bdec sx zrcpp{ xhfkyazfrcnkh. Anpfc anc fdn` }c drc xa agpcn lanm xsggcrknm " dn` pfcn pfcrc drcbabcnpx ag cszfarkd pfdp pdec sx knpa doxalspc chxpdx{. Dx dhfsrhf zdxpar dn` gaapodll hlso hfdzldkn K mcp pa xzcn` d mrcdp `cdlag pkbc }kpf zcazlc dn` pfc gsrpfcr K ma an kn lkgc, pfc lcxx K rcdll{sn`crxpdn` b{xclg lcp dlanc apfcr zcazlc. ]c drc bd`c }kpfcbapkanx dn` gcclknmx, dn` pfcxc drc xa dggchpc` o{ }fdpxfdzzcnknm kn asr lkwcx, dn` cxzchkdll{ }kpf asr gaapodll pcdb$ K fdwc}dphfc` _cd`knm xknhc K }dx xkvpccn dn` K hdn rcbcbocr fdwknm palcd` hfsrhf bccpknmx an d Xsn`d{ galla}knm d Xdpsr`d{ }fcn pfc_a{dlx fd` laxp. K lkpcrdll{ fd` pa `rdm b{ gcclknmx dn` cbapkanx aspag `cxzdkr dn` pfrasmf pr{knm pa mdkn d xcnxc ag zcrxzchpkwc,`kxhfdrmc b{ rcxzanxkoklkpkcx }kpf rcdl ycdl dn` knxzkrdpkan.

K fdwc occn lkxpcnknm pa pfc hldbasr gar _dgd pa oc xdhec` dpLkwcrzaal, dn` pfc zaxxkoklkp{ pfdp pfc Mldykcr orapfcrx drchanxk`crknm xcllknm Al` Prdggar` kn ar`cr pa fclz zd{ agg xabc `copx.K db dxeknm b{xclg, kn gaapodllknm pcrbx }fdp kx xshhcxx dn{}d{$1

Pfc rcdl zraolcb }kpf xshhcxx kx pfdp anhc {as fdwc cvzcrkcnhc` kp,{as fdwc xcp pfc xpdn`dr`x ar bdrecrx bshf fkmfcr pfdn pfc{

zrcwkasxl{ fdwc occn. Xa, }c fdwc cnia{c` p}a xcdxanx kn pfcZrcbkcr Lcdmsc dn` xsggcrc` pfc dman{ ag rclcmdpkan an madl`kggcrcnhc. Bdn{ drmsc pfdp fd` }c xzcnp barc banc{, }c bd{fdwc xpd{c` kn pfc Zrabkxc` Ldn`. ]c bd{ fdwc `anc. Xzcn`knmbanc{ `acx nap dl}d{x orknm xshhcxx. ]fdp kx xshhcxx dn{}d{1Lcpx hanxk`cr pfc psrbakl pfdp Zabzc{ gdnx drc cn`srknm. Kx }knnknmpfc GD Hsz rcdll{ }arpf icazdr`kyknm pfc wcr{ cvkxpcnhc ag pfc hlsokpxclg1 Xa, na} }c fdwc cvzcrkcnhc` pfc Zrcbkcr Lcdmsc, dn{pfknmlcxx gcclx lkec gdklsrc.

]FDP KX XSHHCXX DN[]D[1


6/32

7

Pfc rcdlkp{ kn lkgc dn` cxzchkdll{ kn gaapodll kx pfdp pfcrc drc xcdxanx

&cvhsxc pfc zsn$+. Dp d hlso lkec asrx }c fdwc pa dhhczp pfdp }c }kllzdxx pfrasmf zfdxcx ag hfdnmc dn` prdnxkpkan pfdp }kll bcdn pkbcxag cszfarkh cvhkpcbcnp galla}c` o{ pfc prdwdkl dn` dman{ agar`kndrkncxx. Dx K }dphfc` asr {asnm ld`x zcrgarb xa }cll dpLkwcrzaal zdrp ag bc }dx pfkneknm pfdp }kpf dll pfc pcrrcxprkdl PWcvzaxsrc, fa} lanm }kll }c oc dolc pa fal` an pa M{lgk ar Hfsrhf{1 Khanmrdpsldpc pfc }kxàb ag d oadr` pfdp fdwc occn osx{ xchsrknmlanmcr"pcrb hanprdhpx gar asr {asnm xpdrx. Dp lcdxp }c bkmfp mcp zdk`}cll xfasl` pfc{ bawc an &ar }kll }c dhpsdll{ mcp zdk` kg pfc xa hdllcòkmmcr hlsox ànp rcdll{ fdwc dn{ banc{$1+.

K db d gkrb oclkcwcr pfdp kg }c oskl` asr lkwcx, asr osxkncxxcx, asrrcldpkanxfkzx, asr gdbklkcx ar dn{pfknm clxc }c bkmfp oc oskl`knm anmaa`, xcnxkolc wdlscx, }c }kll cwcnpsdll{ oc xshhcxxgsl. Dx dHfrkxpkdn lcd`cr b{ wdlscx habc grab pfc Okolc dn` }fklxpHfrkxpkdnx bd{ fdwc rczspdpkanx gar dll bdnncr ag pfknmx, pfc wdlscxK xcce pa lkwc o{ drc rcdll{ habban xcnxc dn` pfc{ dhpsdll{ }are$

Dx fsbdn ocknmx }c fdwc bdn{ gdklknmx dn` grdnel{ }c ànp agpcnlkwc sz pa asr a}n cvzchpdpkanx. Nanc ag sx kx zcrgchp osp kg }c lkwc

asr lkwcx kn pfc lkmfp ag maa` wdlscx dn` gasn`dpkanx, xshhcxx }kllhabc. ]c isxp ncc` pa oc hdrcgsl pfdp }c ànp bkxx kp$ K pfkne pfdppkbc }kll zrawc pfdp pfc zrs`cnhc dn` }kxàb cvcrhkxc` o{ asrHfdkrbdn dn` fkx Oadr`, dlanm }kpf bdn{ ag pfc fcdlpf{ wdlscx pfdphdn oc `kxhawcrc` drasn` pfc hlso, }kll xcrwc dx d xzrknmoadr` gar dxshhcxxgsl gspsrc. Kn pfc hsrrcnp chanabkh hlkbdpc, xshhcxx hasl` ocxkbzl{ cvkxpknm dn` nap maknm asp ag osxkncxx.

Gaapodll hlsox zld{ d okm zdrp kn habbsnkp{ lkgc. Xknhc ocknmHfdzldkn dp _cd`knm &d ralc K fdwc gslgkllc` walsnpdrkl{ gar gkwc {cdrx

na}+ K fdwc rcdlkxc` barc dn` barc isxp fa} xkmnkgkhdnp pfc cggchppfdp pfc hlso fdx kn pfc }k`cr habbsnkpkcx drasn` _cd`knm. Pfchlso, pamcpfcr }kpf kpx xszzarpcrx drc dlxa d habbsnkp{. B{ }kgc fdxrchcnpl{ occn `cdlknm }kpf orcdxp hdnhcr dn` xabc ag fcr xszzarpfdx habc grab fcr gclla} xcdxan pkhecp fal`crx drasn` fcr kn pfcCdxp Xpdn`, xcn`knm pcvp bcxxdmcx pa cnhasrdmc fcr dp isxp pfcrkmfp pkbcx. Bdn{ ag pfc xpdgg dp pfc hlso rcmsldrl{ dxe bc fa} xfc kxàknm, cvzrcxxknm hdrc dn` hanhcrn. Gar bc pfkx kx dn kbzarpdnpdxzchp ag }fdp xshhcxx kn lkgc hdn laae lkec.

Asr ZD dnnasnhcr wdlkdnpl{ xpkrx sx pa odhe pfc oa{x dn` bdec

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7/32

=

xabc nakxc$ Drc }c }kllknm pa hanpknsc pa `a pfkx }fcn pfknmx drcnp

nchcxxdrkl{ maknm asr }d{1 K pfkne kn pfc hkrhsbxpdnhcx asr xszzarpkx pcrrkgkh osp lcpx eccz kp maknm, dzzrchkdpknm pfdp xshhcxx bd{ isxpoc xlkmfpl{ `kggcrcnp pa }fcrc asr cvzchpdpkanx `krchp sx. Kpx maa` pafdwc d `rcdb osp }fcn rcdlkp{ kx xd{knm xabcpfknm `kggcrcnp, lcpx ocmrdpcgsl gar asr dbdyknm rchcnp fkxpar{, dn` oc pfdnegsl pfdp }c fdwcxshf d xszcro cnwkranbcnp pa mdpfcr kn, dn` hanpknsc pa `a asr zdrpkn fclzknm pa hanpknsc pa}dr`x barc xshhcxx }fdpcwcr pfdp bd{laae lkec$

Xpcwc Zrknhc kx pfc Hfdzldkn ag _cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso. Fc kx pfchlsox xchan` cwcr hfdzldkn dn` kx dlxa zdrp ag d Zdxpardl Zrd{crPcdb }fkhf bccpx }ccel{ pa zrd{ gar pfc xshhcxx ag _cd`knmGaapodll Hlso dn` cwcr{anc knwalwc` }kpf kp. Pfc Hfdzldknx ralc kxanc ag d grkcn` ag pfc hlso dn` kpx xszzarpcrx, aggcrknm fclz, hdrc dn`d lkxpcnknm cdr }fcncwcr rctskrc`. Xpcwc lcd`x Oraaexk`c Hfsrhf knCdrlc{, Cdxp _cd`knm, dn` kx zdrp ag d mra}knm mrasz ag lcd`crx aghfsrhfcx dn` hfdrkpkcx }fa rcldpc dn` }are hlaxcl{ pamcpfcr dhraxx_cd`knm.


8/32

6

GDNX GA_SB ZLD[C_X

Dppcn`c` o{9 Orcn`dn _a`mcrx &O_+, _{dn Ocrprdn` &_O+,Iaok BhDnsgg &IB+, Dlcv Zcdrhc &DZ+ dn` Id{ Pdoo &IP+.

D Gdnx Garsb gar XPD_ bcbocrx }dx fcl` an pfc ?3pf Nawcbocr?::; kn pfc _a{dlx Xskpc dp pfc Bd`cixek Xpd`ksb. Pfkx garsb }dxd lap lcxx garbdl pfdn pfc sxsdl, }kpf na zrcxx hangcrcnhc xp{lc pazpdolc cph. D mal`gkxf oa}l garbdp }dx sxc` }fcrco{ d hkrhlc aghfdkrx }dx zldhc` kn pfc bk``lc }kpf gsrpfcr hkrhlcx drasn` pfkxhcnprc oa}l. Dn{anc hasl` cnpcr ar lcdwc pfc hcnprc hkrhlc osp anl{

zcazlc kn pfkx oa}l hasl` dxe ar rcxzan` pa tscxpkanx. Pfkx dlla}c`pfc `kxhsxxkan pa oc kngarbdl dn` cwcr{anc fd` d hfdnhc pazdrpkhkzdpc.

Fa} bshf, kg dp dll, drc {as gkn`knm Orcn`dn fdx hfdnmc` grab{asr pkbc pamcpfcr dp ]dpgar`1IB9 Nap dp dll rcdll{, fc kx zrcpp{ hfkllc` asp$O_9 Kb d okp ag d xla} xpdrpcr, pfdp }dx pfc xdbc dp ]dpgar`, osp K`k` psrn kp drasn`.

]fdp }dx pfc dpbaxzfcrc kn pfc hfdnmknm raab lkec anXdpsr`d{1O_9 Xdpsr`d{ }dx d pcrrkgkh `d{ gar cwcr{anc fcrc dn` knwalwc` }kpfpfc hlso. Kp fd` occn ncdrl{ d {cdr xknhc pfc ldxp fabc }kn dn` }cfd` dll occn, kn d ekn` ag }d{, hdrr{knm d osr`cn. Osp }c }anp mcphdrrkc` d}d{. Pfc dpbaxzfcrc kn pfc `rcxxknm raab kx dl}d{x wcr{maa` dn{}d{ osp cxzchkdll{ dgpcr }knnknm ag hasrxc$ Dgpcr pfcbdphf an Xdpsr`d{ pfcrc }dx d rcdl xcnxc ag zaxkpkwcl{.

]fdp apfcr xzarpx `a {as lkec pa zld{ kn {asr xzdrc pkbc1O_9 ]c zld{ tskpc d lap ag zaal. ]c fdwc d hfdbzkanx lcdmsc"xp{lc


9/32

;

pasrndbcnp. Kb zld{knm Iaok pabarra}.

IB9 K pfkne fc kx pfc xclg"dzzaknpc` gdwasrkpc$ Fc ocdp Iafn Pcrr{kn pfc gkndl }fcn fc }dx dp Hfclxcd.O_9 Anc ag pfc xchrcpdrkcx ocdp Ikbb{ Ecoc$IP9 K lkec zld{knm malg. K dl}d{x hfaaxc d rasn` ag malg kg zaxxkolcan d `d{ agg. K zld{ agg d fdn`khdz ag 4:.

Fa} drc {as cnia{knm zld{knm dp rkmfp odhe1 Tscxpkan pa IPIP9 K isxp lawc zld{knm dn` Kb cnia{knm kp. Kb xpkll lcdrnknm ospfazcgsll{ mcppknm ocppcr. [as isxp fdwc pa mcp an }kpf kp dn` K ànpbkn` àknm kp dp pfc lcgp ar rkmfp ar kn pfc bk``lc.

]c fdwc d nsbocr ag hadhfcx dn` xpdgg fcrc, hdn {as cvzldkndoasp }fa acx }fdp1O_9 ]c fdwc d maa` bkv ag xpdgg. Kp }asl`np oc dn{ maa` kg }c}crc dll pfc xdbc. ]cwc map Grdne Ldbzdr` xcnkar fc kxal` xhfaal dn` kx d mrcdp bdn. Fc lkwcx gar gaapodll, kp kx fkx lkgc.Fc habcx kn cwcr{ `d{ dn` lawcx kp fcrc. Pfcn }cwc map EdrlFdldok. K }arec` }kpf fkb dp Hfclxcd dn` ]dpgar`. Fcx grab_cd`knm dn` fdx d okm hannchpkan }kpf pfc hlso. Fc }arec` }kpfpfc gkrxp pcdb dp Gslfdb ocgarc Hfclxcd. Nkmcl Mkoox kx

`cwclazbcnp hadhf dn` }arex dlanmxk`c bc. Fc kx maa` }kpf pfczld{crx. Pfcn pfcrc kx Xdl Okooa, pfc ocxp laaeknm madlecczknmhadhf$ K }asl` xd{ pfdp }c fdwc pfc ocxp xcp ag madl ecczcrx kn pfchasnpr{, D`db Gc`crkhk dn` Ocn Fdbcr, BkeeclDn`crxcn dn` Dlcv BhHdrpf{. Dlcv }kll oc gdnpdxpkh, fc kx 73 dn`fc }kll oc wcr{, wcr{ maa`. ]c }anp ncc` pa os{ dnapfcr anc garpcn {cdrx. Xa }c fdwc mrcdp xszzarp xpdgg dn` kp kx dll oskl`knm dn`habknm pamcpfcr rcdll{ }cll. ...... na} kp kx sz pa pfcb &zld{crx+$IB9 Pfc{ drc paz hadhfcx. Pfc{ à dll ekn`x ag pfknmx dx }cll dxan pfc prdknknm zkphf. Kp kx d mrcdp xcp sz dn` }c drc wcr{ garpsndpc

Fa} fdx prdknknm hfdnmc`1IP9 Kp kx d bkvpsrc ag gkpncxx dn` odll prdknknm. D habokndpkan. Kp kxKp kx barc knpcnxc. Kp pcxpx sx dn` kbzrawcx sx.

]fdp kx d p{zkhdl prdknknm `d{ lkec1O_9 Kp xpdrpx dp 4:.8:db. Cwcr{anc habcx kn gar doasp ; db dn`àcx pfckr a}n pfknm gkrxp, zrczdrdpkan ar han`kpkanknm }are ckpfcr knpfc m{b ar }kpf hadhfcx. Pfcn }c à ;: bknspcx an pfc prdknknmgkcl` dn` pfkx kx knpcmrdpc` prdknknm pchfnkhdl dn` zf{xkhdl dn`bcnpdl. Pfcn kp kx lsnhf dn` dgpcr pfdp }c à anmaknm `cwclazbcnp


10/32

4:

}are }kpf pfaxc }fa }dnp kp, }c fclz pfcb }kpf dn{pfknm pfc{ ncc`

fclz }kpf, zcrfdzx fclz pfcb pa dndl{xc pfckr mdbcx kn`kwk`sdll{.

K }an`crc` }f{ Dlcv kx zld{knm an pfc lcgp xk`c dp hcnprc odhe1Fc xccbx pa xprsmmlc d lkpplc an pfdp xk`c dn` sxc` pa zld{ anpfc rkmfp xk`c.O_9 Dlcv kx anc ag gc} zld{crx }fa hdn zld{ ckpfcr xk`c. Fc fdxndpsrdl doklkp{ dn` hdn ekhe pfc odll bklcx. Pfcrc kx na bdn ocppcr.Kn gdhp fc xpdrpc` asp dx d xprkecr, pfcn zld{c` kn bk`gkcl`. Xa K}asl` `kxdmrcc &pa dzzldsxc$+. Kwc cwcn fcdr` pfc xdbc pfknm xdk`doasp Iafn Pcrr{.

K pfkne asr bk`gkcl` fdx ncwcr occn pfc xdbc xknhc XpcwcXk`}cll lcgp. ]c fdwc rcdll{ bkxxc` fkb. ]asl` {as hanxk`crmcppknm xabcanc xkbkldr, zcrfdzx xabcanc lkec Ocn ]dpxan1O_9 [cx {as drc rkmfp. Kp }asl` fdwc pa oc xabcanc }fa hdn zld{gaapodll, kp ncc`x d odldnhc, xabcanc }fa hdn zdxx pfc odll.Bdrce kx ocknm dxec` pa zld{ d barc `cgcnxkwc ralc dp pfc babcnp.Fc hdn xcp pfc mdbc sz grab ocfkn`. Fc orknmx d lap ag hrcdpkwkp{an pfc gkcl`.

Hdn {as pcll sx d xchrcp, dbsxknm gdhp doasp dn{ ag pfc apfcrzld{crx1Dll9 Icb `acx baan }dleknm5 Edlkgd Hkxxc dn` Ikbb{ idoocr d}d{pa cdhf apfcr kn Grcnhf5 xabcpkbcx }c fdwc pa lkxpcn pa Grcnhf rdzbsxkh kn pfc `rcxxknm raab. Xabcpkbcx }c fdwc fkz faz bsxkh.O_9 K hdll kp bsxkh }kpf na }ar`x$

@a {as xpkzsldpc }fcrc pfc{ hdn ar hdnnap lkwc1 Tscxpkan paO_O_9 Na, osp pfcrc fdx pa oc d habbkpbcnp pa {asr }are }fkhfpfcrc kx fcrc" d okm zdrp ag zcrgarbknm kx pfc zrczdrdpkan.O_9 Mrycmary prdwclx sz grab Xaspfdbzpan.DZ9 Kwc map d gldp kn _cd`knm.IB9 ]kn`xar._O9 K lkwc kn Dxhap.O_9 Xa {as hdn xcc pfc habbkpbcnp, _{dn kx an ladn dn` hfaaxcxpa lkwc ncdro{.

_aabx }fcn d}d{, }fa xfdrcx }kpf }fa1IB9 Kwc map Dlcv._O9 Kb }kpf Icb.


11/32

44

IP9 K mcp xfkzzc` drasn`$ Kwc occn }kpf Ml{gk dn` Xfdnc dbanmxp

apfcrx.

Hdn {as pcll sx doasp pfc prd`kpkandl xanm {as fdwc pa xknm}fcn {as drc nc}1IB9 Tskpc d gc} ag sx }crc nc} dp drasn` pfc xdbc pkbc. K xdnm dxasl nsbocr. @drrcn A@cd xdnm d ]cxplkgc xanm. Fc }dx tskpcmaa`$DZ9 K `k` ]an`cr}dll, Adxkx._O9 K `k` Xpdn` O{ Bc.O_9 K `k` dn Krkxf nsbocr, las`l{$

Kx kp isxp d _cd`knm pfknm1O_9 Na. K rcbcbocr }fcn K }dx dp Hfclxcd K }dx gdr, gdr barcncrwasx doasp b{ xanm pfdn pfc bdphf dp Al` Prdggar`$ K }dx xa}arrkc` pfdp K hasl`np xlccz.

]fdpx fdzzcnc` pa @drrcn A@cd dn` Xfdsn Hsbbknmx1O_9 Xfdsnx anc gar pfc gspsrc. @drrcn }dxnp dwdkldolc anXdpsr`d{, fc fd` xabc gdbkl{ kxxscx.

Fa} à {as rcdhp pa hrkpkhkxb1 Tscxpkan gar O_O_9 Kb nap ndwc cnasmf pa ena} pfdp K }anp bdec bkxpdecx, dn`K fdwc, osp }c dll lcdrn dn` mra} grab bkxpdecx. Grab b{zcrxzchpkwc, K fdwc dl}d{x occn d xszzarpcr ag pfkx hlso. Pfcxszzarpcrx fdwc occn gdnpdxpkh pa bc dn` wcr{ gdkr. Dp d lap ag apfcrhlsox pfc{ }asl` fdwc occn an {asr odhe xprdkmfp d}d{ }fcnrcxslpx drcnp maknm {asr }d{, ar `srknm d mdbc kg }c ànp eccz pfcodll }cll. Pfkne ag pfc Lckhcxpcr mdbc, pfcrc drc nap bdn{ hlsox}fcrc {as mcp d xpdn`knm awdpkan dgpcr laxknm 4":. ]c drc dl}d{x}dnpknm pa mcp barc zcazlc dp pfc xpd`ksb, }c ncc` pa bdec kp dxknpkbk`dpknm dx }c zaxxkol{ hdn. K }asl` dlxa lkec pa xcc barc

xszzarpcrx ma pa d}d{ bdphfcx. ]c à mcp maa` xszzarp d}d{ ospK` lawc pa xcc asr d}d{"cn` gsll dp apfcr mrasn`x. Kp rcdll{ àcxbdec d prcbcnàsx `kggcrcnhc.

Fa} àcx hrkpkhkxb dggchp {as1 ]fdp doasp pfc hra}` dpbdphfcx1 Tscxpkan pa zld{crxIB9 Pfc gdnx xszzarp rcdll{ àcx bdec d kggcrcnhc. Kg pfcrc kx dlsll kn pfc bdphf, d radr grab pfc hra}` hdn rcdll{ mkwc {as d lkgp dn`knxzkrc {as an. Kp rcdll{ fclzx dn` cnhasrdmcx sx. Pfcn dmdkn, kp kxd p}a"}d{ pfknm. ]c fdwc pa mkwc pfc hra}` xabcpfknm pa xfasp


12/32

4?

doasp, pfdpx pfc ndpsrc ag gaapodll. ]fcn dp d}d{ mrasn`x, pfcgdnx `cgknkpcl{ mkwc {as d fsmc lkgp dn` }c rcdll{ dzzrchkdpc pfcb.[as hdn fcdr pfcb. K pfkne }c mcp maa` xszzarp d}d{.

]fdp kg pfcrc drc p}a zdxxcx, pfcn d bkxxc` zdxx dn` d mradn,`acx pfdp dggchp {as1IP9 [cx kp hdn `a. Osp rcdll{ pfc zld{crx dn` pfc gdnx dll }dnp pfcxdbc pfknm kn pfc cn`. Pcdbx xabcpkbc xkp odhe dn` grsxprdpc {asosp pfcn pfc hra}` hdn rcdll{ fclz {as dn` mkwc {as d oaaxp._O9 K pfkne pfc gdnx fcrc drc maa` dp rchamnkxknm maa` gaapodll.O_9 K }cnp pa }dphf pfc X}dnxcd"@cro{ bdphf ldxp }cce. Kp }dx:": gar d lanm pkbc dn` pfc gdnx }crc xpkll xszzarpknm dn`cnhasrdmknm dgpcr 7: bknspcx. [as hdnp xharc d madl cwcr{ bknspc.[as fdwc pa eccz zrcxxknm dn` bawknm pcdbx. Kp kx xabcpkbcx dxbshf dn c`shdpkan gar pfc gdnx. Pfcrc drc bdn{ `kggcrcnp }d{x pa}kn d mdbc ag gaapodll. Asr zfklaxazf{ kx dl}d{x pa zld{ gaapodll.

Pfc Garsb }dx hlaxc`. Pfc zld{crx dn` Orcn`dn _a`mcrx }crcpfdnec` gar dn knpcrcxpknm dn` cnpcrpdknknm cwcnknm dn` gar pfckrpkbc.

Dgpcr}dr`x9

Orcn`dn dnx}crx gsrpfcrtscxpkanx.

_{dn fdx fkx zkhpsrc pdecn.

Iaok hfdpx d lkpplc barc.


13/32

48

PFC NDPKANDL DXXAHKDPKANAG @KXDOLC@ XSZZA_PX

XPD_ kx dggklkdpc` pa, ar kx d bcbocr ag, d nsbocr ag apfcr

xszzarpcrx armdnkxdpkanx. Anc ag pfc armdnkxdpkanx pfdp XPD_kx zrkwklcmc` pa oc d bcbocr ag dn` xszzarp kx Pfc NdpkandlDxxahkdpkan ag @kxdolc` Xszzarpcrx &ND@X+.

D orkcg awcrwkc} ag ND@X galla}x, osp gar barc `cpdklc`kngarbdpkan doasp pfc armdnkxdpkan pfcrc kx d wcr{ habzrcfcnxkwc}coxkpc fppz9!!}}}.nd`x.arm.se!, }fkhf hanpdknx kngarbdpkan an kpxbdiar Lcwcl Zld{knm Gkcl` hdbzdkmn dn` pfc wdrkc` apfcr }are pfdpND@X sn`crpdecx, pamcpfcr }kpf d wdrkcp{ ag rczarpx dn` `ahsbcnpxpfdp hdn oc `a}nlad`c`. Pfc }coxkpc dlxa hanpdknx gdhklkp{ `cpdklxag cwcr{ gaapodll mrasn` kn pfc hasnpr{ baxp ag }fkhf fdwc occnzrawk`c` `krchpl{ o{ `kxdolc` xszzarpcrx dn` d xchpkan gar lcdwknmgdnx habbcnpx.

ND@X }dx cxpdolkxfc` kn 4;;6 pa rczrcxcnp `kxdolc` xszzarpcrxag dll xzarpx pamcpfcr }kpf pfckr hdrcrx dn` d`wahdpcx. Zrabapknm dnknhlsxkwc dmcn`d, cnxsrknm pfdp `kxdoklkp{ d}drcncxx kx rdkxc`pfrasmf xzarp dn` pfdp pfcrc kx ctsdlkp{ ag cvzcrkcnhcx gar dll gdnxdrc ND@X ec{ aoichpkwcx.Kpx dkbx pa9 oc d wakhc gar xszzarpcrx ag dll `kxdoklkp{ mraszx5 hdbzdkmn gar ctsdlkp{ ag xszzarpcr cvzcrkcnhc5 cnrkhf pfc lkwcx ag `kxdolc` zcazlc pfrasmf gaapodll5 dn` rdkxc `kxdoklkp{ d}drcncxx.

Kp rczrcxcnpx dll `kxdolc` xszzarpcrx5 fdwknm prsxpccx dn`ha"azpccx ag dll `kxdoklkp{ mraszx xkppknm an kpx Oadr`. ]fdpcwcr dzcrxanx `kxdoklkp{, ND@X kx kn d zaxkpkan pa sn`crxpdn` pfc kxxscxdn` oc dolc pa fclz.

]kpf barc pfdn 8:,::: `kxdolc` gdnx rcmsldrl{ dppcn`knm gaapodllbdphfcx kn Cnmldn` dn` }kpf bdn{ na} hfaaxknm pa prdwcl pamdbcx dorad`, ND@X rczrcxcnpx pfc wkc}x, kxxscx dn` hanhcrnx ag`kxdolc` gaapodll xszzarpcrx pa gaapodll dn` mawcrnbcnpdldspfarkpkcx dx }cll dx zrawk`knm kn`czcn`cnp d`wkhc an `kxdoklkp{

kxxscx dx pfc{ dggchp pfc gaapodll, hrkhecp dn` rsmo{ habbsnkpkcx.ND@X dlxa fcd`x sz pfc `kxdolc` ordnhf ag pfc aggkhkdl Cnmldn`Xszzarpcrx Hlso, cnmldn`gdnx.

ND@X kx d rcmkxpcrc` hfdrkp{ dn` dx xshf kx rcmsldpc` o{ pfcHfdrkp{ Habbkxxkan. Kp kx dlxa d bcbocr ag pfc Gsn`rdkxknmXpdn`dr`x Oadr`.Dbanmxp kpx bdn{ dhfkcwcbcnpx drc knhls`c`9 Pfc zsolkhdpkan ag ND@X Msk`c pa Mrasn`x, }fkhf }dx pfchslbkndpkan ag dn dzzrdkxdl ag gdhklkpkcx gar `kxdolc` zcazlc dp dllZrcbkcrxfkz, Gaapodll Lcdmsc dn` Hangcrcnhc mrasn`x pfkx kx


14/32

40

na} eczp sz pa `dpc wkd pfc ND@X }coxkpc.

Pfc zra`shpkan ag kpx a}n Olsczrknp xfa}knm pfc bknkbsbxpdn`dr`x dn` prcdpbcnp cwcr{ `kxdolc` xszzarpcr xfasl` cvzchp parchckwc }kpfkn gaapodll. ]knnknm pfc SCGD, KAH dn` Csrazcdn Snkan xszzarpc`Csrazcdn Xszzarpcrx D}dr` kn ?::6.

XPD_ hanxk`crx pfdp kpx dxxahkdpkan }kpf ND@X kx ocncgkhkdl paXPD_ bcbocrx dn` laaex pa hanpknsc pa xszzarp ND@X kn kpx`cdlknmx }kpf _cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso kn pfc gspsrc. Kg {as }asl` lkecpa iakn ar isxp xsoxhrkoc pa kpx rcmsldr c"nc}xlcppcr, {as hdn hanpdhpND@X an :603 ?8: 7?8= ! kngaJnd`x.arm.se ! }}}.nd`x.arm.se.

XPD_ kx pr{knm pa drrdnmc barc wdrkc` cwcnpx pfkx xcdxan, xa gdr}kpf bkvc` xshhcxx. Pfc zld{crx gdnx garsb }dx d nc} garbdp hdllc` pfc mal`gkxf oa}l }fcrc dn{anc kn pfc raab hasl` xkp kn pfcknncr hkrhlc dn` fal` d hanwcrxdpkan }kpf Orcn`dn dn` pfc zld{crxrdpfcr pfdn isxp xkp dn` lkxpcn. Kp }arec` }cll osp }kpf }cll awcr 4::zcazlc pfcrc kp }dx fdr` pa fcdr cwcr{anc &dx }kpf d hkrhsldr ld{asp{as drc dl}d{x ocfkn` xabcanc xzcdeknm+ xa }c knpcn` pa rczcdppfc garbdp ahhdxkandll{ osp }kpf bkhrazfancx. Pfc apfcr cvprcbc}dx d oa}lknm cwcnp cxzchkdll{ gar gdbklkcx drrdnmc` gar @chcbocr}fkhf `k` nap fdzzcn pfrasmf ldhe ag xszzarp. Xa }c }asl`dzzrchkdpc gcc`odhe grab bcbocrx doasp }fcpfcr }c xfasl` ocpr{knm pa drrdnmc xahkdl cwcnpx, dn` kg xa }fdp garbdp pfc{ xfasl`oc. ]c ena} pfdp kn pfc hsrrcnp chanabkh hlkbdpc &dn` pa ocfancxp mkwcn pfc xpdpc ag gaapodll dp _cd`knm paa+ pfcrc bd{ oc lcxxcnpfsxkdxb osp }c rcdll{ ncc` pa ena} kg }c drc }dxpknm asr

cncrmkcx pr{knm pa gkn` nc} }d{x gar XPD_ bcbocrx pa mcppamcpfcr. @raz knpa pfc XPD_ Odxc }kpf d napc ar bdkl sx ankngaJxpdr"rcd`knm,arm }kpf {asr pfasmfpx

Apfcr gdhparx mcp kn pfc }d{ ag cwcnpx paa, dx pfc rchcnp xna} lc` pad zaxpzancbcnp ag pfc Idnsdr{ Gdnx Garsb pfdp }dx pa oc fcl`}kpf cv"zld{crx dn` xpc}dr`x dp pfc pkbc ag ncc`knm pa zsolkhkxc kppfc }cdpfcr }dx dp kpx }arxp dn` mkwcn pfc `kxpdnhcx pfc cv"zld{crmscxpx }crc zrczdrc` pa prdwcl }c `chk`c` pa zaxpzanc kp pa ldpcr knpfc {cdr &zaxxkol{ Dzrkl+.

XPD_ CWCNPX


15/32


16/32


17/32


18/32


19/32

4;

LD@KCX HCNP_C AG CVHCLLCNHC

Fcrc dp _cd`knm Bdppcr }c pfasmfp kp }asl` oc knpcrcxpknm pa pdec d

orkcg laae ocfkn` pfc xhcncx dp d nap xa }cll ena}n xk`c ag_cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso. Gar pfkx c`kpkan Xfcllc{ Xprdnmc dmrcc` padnx}cr d gc} tscxpkanx.

]fdp kx {as ndbc1Xfcllc{ Xprdnmc

]fcrc `a {as lkwc1Ordhencll

@a {as fdwc dn{ faookcx1K cnia{ Zld{knm Gaapodll dn` Xahkdlkxknm.

@a {as xszzarp dn{ apfcr pcdbx apfcr pfdn _cd`knm1[cx. K db d Bdnhfcxpcr Snkpc` Gdn.

Hdn {as pcll sx barc doasp pfc Mkrlx dn` Ld`kcx Hcnprc agCvhcllcnhc1Pfc _cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso Mkrlx Cvhcllcnhc kx anc ag pfc baxpxshhcxxgsl mkrlx hlsox kn pfc xaspf dn` }c drc mcppknm xpranmcrcwcr{ {cdr. ]c na} fdwc bdn{ zld{crx zld{knm dn` rczrcxcnpknm dpknpcrndpkandl lcwcl.Pfc _cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso ]abcn fdwc na} occn rsnnknm gar gasrxcdxanx. Kn pfkx zcrka` }c fdwc occn zrabapc` kn pfc ldxp pfrcchanxchspkwc xcdxanx dn` drc na} zld{knm kn pfc Xaspf ZrcbkcrLcdmsc. Pfkx kx anc lcdmsc sn`cr pfc Zrcbkcr. Awcr =3# ag pfczld{crx kn pfc gkrxp dn` rcxcrwc pcdbx fdwc habc grab pfc Hcnprc agCvhcllcnhc.Pfc Hcnprc ag Cvhcllcnhc fdx Sn`cr4:x, Sn`cr4?x, Sn`cr40xdn` Sn`cr47x xtsd`x }kpf pfc Sn`cr47x }knnknm dlbaxp cwcr{mdbc pfc{ fdwc zld{c` pfkx xcdxan. Pfc anl{ mdbc pfc{ fdwc laxp

kx }fcn pfc{ zld{c` Hfclxcd dn` pfkx }dx d ndrra} `cgcdp ag 8"?.

]fdp kx {as ralc dp _cd`knm Gaapodll Hlso1K db d Habbsnkp{ Prsxp Aggkhcr xa K laae dgpcr dll pfc {aspf gaapodllkn pfc ]aeknmfdb, Ordhencll dn` Xaspf Avgar`xfkrc drcdx. Pfkxknhls`cx oapf oa{x dn` mkrlx dp dll lcwclx ag doklkp{.@srknm pcrb pkbc K rsn gaapodll xcxxkanx }kpfkn Kngdnp, Isnkar dn`Xchan`dr{ Xhfaalx. Dx zdrp ag pfkx }c han`shp pdlex doasp fcdlpf{cdpknm, hdrccrx dn` wdrkasx apfcr rcldpc` xsoichpx.Kn nan"pcrb pkbc }c rsn gaapodll xhfaalx pfrasmf asp Ocrexfkrc


20/32

?:

Kn pfc xhfaal falk`d{x }c rsn gaapodll xhfaalx pfrasmf asp Ocrexfkrc

drcd.Apfcr cwcnpx knhls`c pcdb hadhfknm }kpfkn pfc lahdl mrdxxraapxpcdbx. Bknk Ekhecrx kx }fcrc }c knpra`shc 0 pa = {cdrx al`x pagaapodll. D`wdnhc` dn` `cwclazbcnp hcnprcx }fcrc }c hadhf clkpczld{crx dn` gkn` asr gspsrc zld{crx. Ldxp osp o{ na bcdnx lcdxp }cfdwc xhfaal prkzx. An pfcxc prkzx hfkl`rcn mdkn dn cvzcrkcnhc agocfkn` pfc xhcncx dhpkan. Pfcxc drc oapf mrcdp gsn dn`c`shdpkandl.K dlxa pdec pfc Sn`cr40x Hcnprc ag Cvhcllcnhc Mkrlx Pcdb._chcnpl{ anc ag pfc mkrlx grab fcrc fdx occn hdllc` sz pa wkxkpFalldn` dn` rczrcxcnp Cnmldn` dp Sn`cr43x lcwcl.Kn dll, b{ ralc kx wcr{ cvhkpknm dn` `kggcrx grab `d{ pa `d{. PfcHabbsnkp{ Prsxp fdx d okm ralc kn pfc gspsrc ag {aspf gaapodll dn` dokm kbzdhp an asr gdnx.

FDZZ[ CWCNPX

B{ ndbc kx Edrbcl Dnn D`d}d{, d nc} _a{dl.K }dx oarn an 4=pf Nawcbocr ?::;. Pfkx zfapa}dx pdecn }fcn K }dx ?: fasrx al`. B{ Bsb dn`@d` drc Ndpdlkc dn` Hfrkx. @k` {as ena} b{ @d`}dx d bdxhap dp pfc xpd`ksb azcnknm mdbc. B{zras` mrdn`bapfcr kx Xfkrlc{ D`d}d{ ]c lkwc kn[cawkl. .

Pfcrc drc pkbcx }fcn kpx nap wcr{ }kxc pa dxe dld`{ fcr dmc$ ]cn`kc fdx isxp hclcordpc` d wcr{kbzarpdnp okrpf`d{. Dn` kp }dxnp fcr ?4xp$ Ar }dxkp1

Hanmrdpsldpkanx pa Ndpfdn ]decgkcl` }fa fdxbd`c kp pa fkx 46pf. Fkx Bsb fdx pal` sx kp }dxpashf dn` ma dp pkbcx$


21/32

?4

GDNX GA_SB 9 O_KDN

Gdnx Garsb 46 Gcorsdr{ ?:4: }kpf Orkdn Bh@crbapp

Zdsld Bdrpkn }clhabc` Orkdn dn` pfc Garsb ocmdn }kpf xabc

tscxpkanx pfdp fd` occn xcnp kn d`wdnhc grab XPD_ bcbocrx.

Pfkx tscxpkan fdx occn rdpfcr zrc"cbzpc` o{ Pkb @cllar, osp}f{ fdwc }c ncwcr xccn {as dn` Fcxpan Olsbcnpfdl pamcpfcrdp pfc xdbc pkbc1OB9 K laae lkec d nsbocr ag zcazlc Snhlc Gcxpcr, pfc `rsbbcr anXfaapknm Xpdrx dbanmxp apfcrx. Ldxp Xdpsr`d{ K }dx dp pfc m{b knBdrla} dn` Fcxpan Olsbcnpfdl }dx xpdn`knm dp pfc `aar. K xdk`Fclla Ork$ Kp }dx lkec bccpknm b{xclg$

Zlcdxc mkwc d orkcg rcxsbc ag {asr hdrccr kn pfc mdbc, pfcfkmflkmfpx dn` la} zaknpx.OB9 K iaknc` Drxcndl dx dn dzzrcnpkhc dn` zld{c` xcwcnp{"a``mdbcx gar pfcb. K }dx ladnc` asp d haszlc ag pkbcx pa Gslfdb dn`pa d X}c`kxf pcdb. Pfcn K bawc` pa Avgar`. K fd` d nkmfpbdrcpfcrc. Pfc{ fdpc` bc. Pfcn K fd` xzcllx dp Hdr`kgg, Cvcpcr dn`[cawkl. K iaknc` pfc xcp sz dp Xlasmf kn 4;;7 pfcn }cnp an pabdndmc ]aeknm. K hdbc pa _cd`knm dx hfkcg xhasp kn ?::: xa Kfdwc occn drasn` fcrc gar tskpc d }fklc osp nanc ag {as enc} bc.K fdwc bdndmc` pfc sn`cr 4;x dn` pfc rcxcrwc pcdb fcrc.


22/32

??

[aswc }arec` sn`cr dn` dlanmxk`c d nsbocr ag bdndmcrx kn

{asr hdrccr. ]fa fdx fd` pfc baxp cggchp an {asr dppkps`c papfc mdbc dn` }fa à {as pfkne {asr bdndmcbcnp xp{lc baxphlaxcl{ rcxcbolcx1OB9 Dldn Zdr`c} orasmfp bc fcrc dn` fc `k` d maa` iao gar_cd`knm. Fc }dx d okp barc kn {asr gdhc pfdn Xpcwc. K fdwc dlxa}arec` }kpf Grdne Osrra}x dn` Ikb Xbkpf. Fc }dxnp rcdll{ b{ hszag pcd.

Drc {as kn hanpdhp }kpf dn{ ag {asr zrc`chcxxarx1OB9 [cx K xzcde rcmsldrl{ }kpf Dldn dn` }kpf Xpcwc. K xzaec paDldn ldxp }cce dn` K xzaec pa Xpcwc pa`d{. Xpcwc }dnpc` pa mcp papfc mdbc {cxpcr`d{ osp hasl`np. K fdwc lcgp Orcn`dn d zfancbcxxdmc osp fdwcnp fcdr` odhe grab fkb.

Fdx dn{pfknm xprshe {as doasp pfc `kggcrcnhcx ocp}ccn {asrzrcwkasx ralcx dn` na} ocknm pfc bdndmcr, kx kp }fdp {ascvzchpc`1OB9 ]cll grab pdeknm pfc rcxcrwcx " pfkx kx habzlcpcl{`kggcrcnp. Osp K db rcd`{. K ena} pfc mrasz dn` Kb lawknm cwcr{bknspc. Anc pfknm K db lcdrnknm kx pfdp `srknm pfc bdphf kp hdn ocsz pa bc pa bdec d `kggcrcnhc kg nchcxxdr{. K rcbcbocr pfc bdphfdmdknxp X}dnxcd. Gar p}cnp{ bknspcx }c hasl`np mcp d pashf ag pfcodll dn` K fd` pa pdhpkhdll{ hfdnmc pfknmx d haszlc ag pkbcx pfcrcdn` pfcn.

@k` {as zsp {asrxclg gar}dr` gar pfc iao kn pfc xsbbcr1OB9 Kp }dx dl}d{x maknm pa oc `kggkhslp gar pfc ncvp bdndmcr dx pfc{}crc galla}knm d lcmcn`. Xpcwc }kll dl}d{x oc rcbcbocrc` o{ pfkxhlso. K rcbcbocr }fcn pfc gdnx xdnm }c }dnp asr Hazzcll odhe}cll K }dx anc ag pfcb$ Osp dgpcr }fdp fdzzcnc` }kpf Orcn`dnlcdwknm pfc hfdkrbdn dxec` bc pa pdec awcr. K }asl`np fdwc

dhhczpc` kp kg K `k`np pfkne K }dx rcd`{. Osp Kwc occn kn pfc mdbcgar awcr pfkrp{ {cdrx dn` K isxp gclp kp }dx pfc rkmfp pkbc.

]fa kx na} rcxzanxkolc gar xhaspknm dn` zrawk`knm rczarpx anazzancnpx1OB9 ]cwc map Mcagg Pd{lar }fa fdx occn kn gaapodll garcwcr dnèna}x pfkx `kwkxkan knxk`c asp. Dn` }cwc map Xpcwc Xfarc{ }fa}arex }kpf pfc apfcr xhaspx. ]c ànp laae dp garckmn hlsox xabshf dn{barc, dlpfasmf pfc{ ma pa Krcldn` xabcpkbcx. Kp kx }cllhawcrc`.


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?8

Fa} drc pfc hadhfknm `spkcx xzlkp1 @a {as dn` Nkmcl }are }kpf

cwcr{anc dx d }falc ar à {as fdwc d pcdb ag hadhfcx }are"knm }kpf pfc `cgcnhc dx d snkp, bk`gkcl` dx d snkp, cph.1OB9 Nkmcl kx d maa` ms{ dn` d wcr{ maa` hadhf. K à d lap ag pfcxpsgg an pfc azzaxkpkan, K }dphf wk`cax dn` xcp sz pfc pcdb dn` }cma grab pfcrc. Nkmcl àcx mcncrdl xpsgg an pfc prdknknm mrasn`. Klawc }areknm }kpf pfc zld{crx. Pfc{ drc d maa` mrasz, nap }arlòcdpcrx, osp pfc{ prdkn fdr` dn` pfc{ }dnp pa }kn mdbcx. ]fcnXpcwc }dx fcrc dn` K }dx bdndmknm pfc rcxcrwc pcdb K }asl` xd{pa Xpcwc hdn K fdwc fkb1 doasp xshf dn` xshf d zld{cr dn` fc}asl` xd{ na xa K xdk` Kll fdwc fkb pfcn$ _kmfp na} }c isxp }dnp

pa }kn mdbcx dn` }c pdec anc mdbc dp d pkbc dn` isxp hanhcnprdpcan pfc ncvp anc. _cxslpx hdn fdwc d fsmc cggchp pfdp madl }c lcpkn ncdr pfc cn` dmdknxp ]cxp Orab kp xzaklp b{ }ccecn` dn`{asrx dx }cll Kb xsrc. Pfc{wc }rkppcn sx agg o{ pfc }d{, isxp lkecLkwcrzaal. Kp }dx gsnn{, dp Dngkcl` K }cnp knpa pfc rcgx raab }kpfKwdr, dn` Xdbb{ Lcc dn` Xpcwcn Mcrrdr` }crc pfcrc. K }dx laae"knm dp Mcrrdr` dn` pfkneknm }fdp d maa` zld{cr {as drc dn` fcxdk` xfdll }c paxx gar zcndlpkcx na}. K pfasmfp {cx zlcdxc, Kll pdecpfdp dn{ `d{$

Fdwc {as hfdnmc` dn{pfknm kn pfc prdknknm rcmkbc, gar cvdbzlcdrc zld{crx àknm barc gkpncxx raspkncx pfdn zrcwkasxl{1OB9 K à }fdp K fdwc pa à. Edrl àcx baxp ag pfc gkpncxx.Cwcr{pfknm }c à kx mcdrc` pa pfc ncvp Xdpsr`d{ ar Pscx`d{ mdbcdn` }knnknm pfdp mdbc.

]fdp à {as xcc dx xprcnmpfx dn` }cdencxxcx }kpf pfchsrrcnp xtsd`1OB9 Pfc{ drc d maa` osnhf dn` `chcnp zcazlc }kpf prcbcnàsxxzkrkp. [as hdn xcc pfc xzkrkp an pfc zkphf dn` pfcrc kx mrcdphdbdrd`crkc.

Hdn {as cnhasrdmc pfc zld{crx pa dzzlds` pfc gdnx barc dpfabc, gar cvdbzlc pfc cdxp xpdn` ar d ldz ag fanasr1 Kp xccbxpa fdzzcn barc dp d}d{ mdbcx.OB9 ]fa à {as }dnp bc pa }dwc pa1 K fdwcnp {cp laxp dp fabc. Kgkpx d `rd}, xfasl` K isxp xpdn` pfcrc1 Kg }c }kn, K ànp }dnp pa bklekp. Osp K }kll mkwc kp xabc pfasmfp. K à rcbcbocr ocknm dp pfcBkllcnnksb Xpd`ksb }fcn }c zld{c` ]dlxdll dn` asr zld{crx }cnprasn` dzzlds`knm ocgarc pfc mdbc. K pfasmfp kp }dx d bkxpdec. [asànp dzzlds` ocgarc d mdbc, anl{ dgpcr}dr`x.


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?0

]fdpx {asr zrcgcrrc` xp{lc ag zld{1 0"0"?1

OB9 K xcp sz pfc pcdb pa }kn pfc mdbc, }fcpfcr pfdp oc 0"0"?,0"8"8, 0"3"4 ar }fdpcwcr. Kpx ocxp nap pa awcrl{ hanhcrn doasp pfcx{xpcb dn` isxp xcp sz pa }kn. Pfkne ag pfc mdbc ldxp nkmfp. Zdldhcfdwc map d lap ag xprcnmpf. K enc} }c ncc`c` Hfsrhf{x bawcbcnpdn` }c ncc`c` zdhc asp }k`c dn` }c ncc`c` Orkdn Fa}dr` pa ochlcwcr. Dn` K pfkne }c `k` kp rcdll{ }cll. D lap ag kp kx hangk`cnhcodxc`. K pcll Xfdnc dn` Hfsrhf{ pa eccz mcppknm kn pfc rkmfp zldhcx,bkxxknm hfdnhcx kxnp d ncmdpkwc, eccz mcppknm pfc xfapx kn. ]chdnp lcdwc kp isxp pa pfc xprkecrx, }c ncc` pa xharc grab dll awcr.Bdpp Bkllx kx àknm rcdll{ }cll dp pfc babcnp, fc fdx maa` doklkp{.

Fc `k`np zld{ dp gkrxp, gar nsbcrasx rcdxanx dn` fc` fd` dn knisr{dn` }dxnp bdphf gkp. Fc kx ?8 dn` xpkll lcdrnknm. Fc fdx bawc` papfc drcd na} dn` kx cnia{knm fkx gaapodll.

]fdp fdwc {as ànc pa Xfdncx mdbc, fc laaex d `kggcrcnpzld{cr xknhc pfc psrn ag pfc {cdr1OB9 Xfdnc lkwc` }kpf bc gar ckmfp }ccex xa K hdn xd{ }fdp K lkecdoasp fkb$ Fc kx gkp na} dn` }c fdwc occn }areknm }kpf fkb d lap.Fc fdx d ndpsrdl c{c gar d madl dn` d ndpsrdl doklkp{. ]c fdwc pa lcpfkb à fkx xpsgg dn` bdec kp xkbzlc. Fc }dx dp pfc Zdldhc mdbc

{cxpcr`d{ mkwknm xszzarp. Fc dn` Hfsrhf{ drc maa` grkcn`x dn` fc}dx hfsggc` gar fkb.

Dn` Ikbb{ Ecoc1OB9 Ikbb{ ncc`x lawc$ [aswc map pa rcbcbocr fcx Grcnhf. Kgkrxp xd} fkb kn Oaslamnc an d Grk`d{ }fcn fc bsr`crc` pfc rkmfpodhe. K xdk` pa Xpcwc pfdp }c ncc`c` fkb. Xa }c }dphfc` fkbdmdkn dn` fc }dx sxclcxx$ Ikbb{x d }knmcr, lkec K }dx, fc ncc`xpa gccl fcx map pfc hra}` dn` zld{crx an oadr`, isxp lkec dll }knmcrx.Kpx dll doasp cnhasrdmcbcnp. @anp fdwc d ma dp fkb. Fc fd` dmrcdp mdbc dp Zdldhc dn` xharc` d madl, fc hasl` fdwc fd` pfrcc.

Hdn {as mcp _cd`knm odhe sz pa pfc zrcbkcr lcdmsc1OB9 ]c drc isxp gahsxxknm an }knnknm pfc ncvp mdbc. Hdn }cfdwc d ma dmdknxp Oldhezaal an Xdpsr`d{1 [cx }c hdn. ]fcn K}dx d zld{cr K sxc` pa pr{ dn` garchdxp xharcx dn` rcxslpx &K gasn`b{xclg an b{ a}n d lap$+ Osp kp kx zaknplcxx. [as isxp fdwc pa pdeccdhf mdbc dp d pkbc dn` pr{ pa }kn kp. [as bsxpnp mcp dnvkasx. Pfczld{crx ncc` pa xpd{ hangk`cnp. O{ pfc }d{, {as lap xdnm pfdp xanmdmdkn dp Zdldhc doasp }knnknm d}d{ dn` K pfasmfp }c }crc àknmAe D}d{$


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?3

K pfkne }c isxp rcbcbocr }fcn Gslfdb xdnm kp pa sx dn` pfdp

mdbc barc ar lcxx rclcmdpc` sx.OB9 K xpkll oldbc Zarpxbaspf. K fazc }c mcp pfcb kn pfc hsz.

]fdp fdx pfc hfdkrbdn pal` {as doasp os`mcpx gar ncvpxcdxan1OB9 Fc fdx pal` bc napfknm. ]c fdwcnp xzaecn doasp os`mcpx.

Tscxpkanx grab pfc glaar

K hdn pcll {asr bdn bdndmcbcnp xekllx drc `kggcrcnp grab {asr

zrc`chcxxar1 [as xccb pa knwcxp pkbc dn` hdrc }kpf pfc zld{"crx, }c hasl` xcc pfdp }kpf Ikbb{ Ecoc dp pfc cn` ag pfcZdldhc bdphf.OB9 K `k` pfdp ochdsxc kp gclp rkmfp. K }dnpc` fkb pa rcbcbocr pfdpnkmfp. Kp }dx isxp d msp gcclknm. Na anc hdn pashf Ikbb{ gar zdhc.]c }are an fkb pr{knm pa ocdp apfcr zld{crx. Xabcpkbcx fc hspxknxk`c. Ldxp nkmfp K xdk` pa fkb pa hraxx kg fc map kn maa` drcdx ar maxprdkmfp pa}dr`x madl. ]crc pr{knm pa mcp fkb maknm pa}dr`x madl.Fc kx d }are kn zramrcxx.

Zlcdxc hdn }c eccz Dn`{ Mrkggkn1OB9 Fc kx xshf d lawcl{ hfdz, d la} ec{ olaec. Fcx anl{ 8:dlpfasmf fc laaex doasp 0: }kpf fkx fdkr K ena} {as dll pfasmfp}fdp an cdrpf K }dx àknm }fcn fc gkrxp hdbc$ [cx K }asl` lkec paeccz fkb osp K hdnp xd{ pfdp }c }kll. Fc kx wcr{ xalk`. Fc àcxnpxd{ d lap, osp }fdp fc àcx xd{ zcazlc lkxpcn pa. Fc kx wcr{ à}n pacdrpf nap lkec xabc gaapodllcrx }fa drrkwc }kpf pfckr `cxkmncr mcdr.Kpx gsnn{, fc psrnc` sz fcrc an fkx gkrxp `d{ }kpf fkx oaapx kn d oknodm dn` d rshexdhe an fkx odhe$ Hdn {as kbdmknc, kp }dx pcrrkgkh$ Klkec pfdp dn` K lawc` fkb cwcn barc$ Dn` fc fdx map pfcb dllzld{knm hdxkna hfkz mdbcx pamcpfcr an pfc hadhf. Kpx mrcdp. Pfc{asnmcr zld{crx laae sz pa fkb.

Hr{xpdl Zdldhc zld{c` Hl{nc dp lcgp odhe. @a {as pfkne pfc{xd} Iaok dx pfc `dnmcr bdn1OB9 Fc fdx occn gdnpdxpkh. Fc hasl` fdwc lcgp kn Idnsdr{. K xdk`pa fkb pfdp fc bsxp à fkx ocxp gar fkx gdbkl{ osp pfdp fcx nap maknmdn{}fcrc$ Dmdknxp Lkwcrzaal }fcn fc zld{c` dp rkmfp odhe, fkxzcrgarbdnhc }dx xhdrkl{ maa`.

Xlkmfpl{ an d à}nxk`c, kn Ysrdox haszlc ag mdbcx fc xccbx


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?=

hfabzknm dp pfc okp. Msnndr zld{c` dmdknxp Xfcggkcl` Sp` osp

Barmdn }dx ekheknm fkb d lap. K }dnp fkb pa zld{ kn d maa` mdbc. Kxdk` pa Or{nidr Kll laae dgpcr {as dn` pdec {as asp cwcr{ na} dn`pfcn osp fc isxp ecczx maknm dn` maknm.

Tscxpkan grab P}kppcr p}ccpc` kn grab d la{dl ra{dl kn X}c`cn9}fdp drc pfc hfdnhcx ag dnapfcr zrc"xcdxan pasr kn X}c`cn1OB9 ]c drc laaeknm dp pfrcc azpkanx dn` X}c`cn kx anc ag pfcb "xa zaxxkol{.

Odhe pa xcnp kn tscxpkanx9

]c fdwc gasr maa` madlecczcrx an asr oaaex, fa} à {as xccpfkx drcd `cwclazknm1OB9 ]c drc olcxxc`. ]c fdwc Dlcv BhHdrpf{ }fax dp [cawkl.Pfc{ lawc fkb pfcrc dn` pfcrc drc zcazlc laaeknm dp fkb. BkeeclDn`crxcn kx dp Orkxpal _awcrx. Fc kx bdxxkwc dn` fd` d gdoslasxbdphf dmdknxp Hfdrlpan. Gc``crx kx mra}knm, kp }dx dl}d{x maknm paoc d pdll ar`cr pa pdec awcr grab Bdrhsx. Ocn Fdbcr }dx zld{cr agxcdxan ldxp {cdr dp Orcnpgar`. Dn` Xdl Okooa asr ocxp laaeknmbcbocr ag xpdgg$

Fdwc {as mkwcn dn{ pfasmfpx pa pfaxc }fa }kll oc rclcdxc` knpfc xsbbcr, fa} bshf drc {as `rcd`knm pfaxc hanwcrxdpkanx}fcn pfc{ drkxc1OB9 K ànp `rcd` kp. Pfc{ drc zragcxxkandlx pfc{ hdn bawc an paapfcr hlsox. Kp kx bshf fdr`cr }fcn pfc{ drc {asnm. Kpx pcllknm pfc43!47 {cdr al`x pfdpx farrkolc, kpx pasmf orcdeknm pfckr `rcdbx.

]c xccb d lkpplc olcxxc` }kpf bk`gkcl`crx dp pfc babcnp, }asl`{as dmrcc pfdp }c ncc` pa hanxk`crdol{ rc`shc pfc nsbocr agazpkanx dn` kbzrawc pfc tsdlkp{ gsrpfcr1

OB9 Kpx dll doasp mcppknm pfc rkmfp olcn`. Bdrce fdx pcrrkgkhtsdlkpkcx. Dn` xa àcx M{lgk. Kp kx nap dl}d{x pfc pcdb }kpf pfc ocxpkn`kwk`sdl zld{crx }fa ma sz.

K sn`crxpdn` Efkydnkxfwklk fdx d rcdll{ nkhc hdr pfdp kx bdeknmdll pfc apfcr zld{crx cnwkasx. ]fdp kx kp1OB9 Kpx prsc. Ysrdo hdbc rasn` pa b{ fasxc pfc apfcr d{ dx fckx pr{knm pa gkn` d zldhc pa lkwc. Fc `rawc sz kn pfkx }fkpc Ocnplc{. Kpkx wcr{ nkhc, d lawcl{ hdr. D lap ag pfcb fdwc pfckr c{c an kp. Fc kx drcdll{ nkhc gclla}.


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?;

ànp }dnp pa zsp paa bshf zrcxxsrc an fkb.

]c isxp mcp d xcnxc pfdp Iafn Bd`cixek }dnpx pa mcp asp.OB9 Asr hlso fdx occn snoclkcwdol{ xshhcxxgsl awcr pfc {cdrx. ]cdrc na} gkmfpknm dn` }c fdwc map pa gkmfp pa bdec xsrc }c rcbdkn dhfdbzkanxfkz hlso. ]c drc dll kn pfkx pamcpfcr }fkhf kx }f{ K bdecd okm `cdl doasp xszzarpcrx.

@a {as fdwc d rapdpkan zalkh{ ar àcx kp `czcn` an knisrkcx!xsxzcnxkanx1OB9 K prcdp hsz mdbcx pfc xdbc dx lcdmsc mdbcx, GD Hsz,

Hdrlknm, lcdmsc, K anp `kxhrkbkndpc. Xpcwc zld{c` ms{x kn pfc Hsz}fa }crcnp zld{knm kn pfc lcdmsc dn` pfkx orasmfp mrcdp xzkrkp xapfcrcx xabcpfknm pa oc xdk` gar pfdp dx }cll.

Fa} à {as pfkne gkpncxx dn` xekllx lcwclx drc na} habzdrc`}kpf xabc {cdrx dma1OB9 Pfc{ drc gkppcr na}. Pfc{ sxc` nap pa oc dx gkp osp cwcr{anc}dx pfc xdbc pfcn. Pfc `rkneknm dgpcr d mdbc fdx manc na} dn`zld{crx laae dgpcr pfcbxclwcx. [as ànp fdwc pa }arr{ doasp pfczld{crx.

Kx pfcrc dn{pfknm {as` lkec pa dxe sx1OB9 ]fcn K }dx dxec` pa pdec awcr o{ pfc hfdkrbdn }crc {as4::# kn gdwasr ar nap1$

D mcncrdl rcxzanxc ag {cxOB9 [as lkdrx$$

Zdsld pfcn zrcxcnpc` Orkdn }kpf d ldrmc ]crc Odheknm Orkdn hdr`xkmnc` o{ pfc gdnx dn` pfdnec` fkb gar ocknm xa azcn dn` gsnn{.Orkdn }dx baxp dzzrchkdpkwc ag pfc hdr` dn` xdk` fc }asl` zsp kp anfkx }dll ncvp pa d zkhpsrc ag fkb dn` Ocnkpcy


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PFC WKC] G_AB XPD_ ODXCXPD_ ODXC KX LAHDPC@ OCFKN@ CDXP XPDN@

Dzzcdl Gar Zramrdbbcx]c }asl` lkec pa zsp asp dn dzzcdl gar zcazlc }fa fdwc dn{

ena}lc`mc ag _cd`knm pcdbxfccpx ar zramrdbbcx zra`shc`.]c drc cxzchkdll{ laaeknm gar bdphfcx pfdp bd{ fdwc occn

zaxpzanc` ar nap zld{c`.Halkn Okxfaz kx fazknm pa zsp pamcpfcr d lam ag dll ag pfcb.Kg {as hdn fclz, zlcdxc hanpdhp Halkn ckpfcr dp XPD_ Odxc

an dn{ bdphf `d{ ar o{ zfanc an :=;4;;84=47

Dx sxsdl asr grkcn`l{ hadhfcx }kll oc rsnnknmpa dll pfc rcbdknknm d}d{ mdbcx.

Lcp Dn`{ dn` Prcwar `a pfc `rkwknm.

]F[ NAP IAKN SX1

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Reading Matter Spring 2010