READING LIST FOR COMPREHENSIVE EXAM MA ENGLISH/LITERATURE DEGREE

OPTION II, TEACHING ENHANCEMENT The students are examined from a common list of required texts (approximately eight in each of the six historical sections below). Students will choose five or more texts from the recommended reading for each section. Part 1 of the exam will consist of identification and analysis of 10 quotations chosen from 12 possible; the quotations will be taken from the common list of required texts, two from each section. This will be a three-hour exam, offered on a Friday. Part 2 of the exam will be a 48-hour take-home essay exam. Students will provide a list of their recommended texts. Questions will draw on historical context and require synthesis of a broad range of materials. Part 2 will be made available to the students upon completion of Part 1, and it will be due on the Monday morning following the exam. Students will be examined in all six of the following areas:

I. Medieval and Early Modern II. Eighteenth-century British and Early Literature of the Americas III. Nineteenth-century British and colonies IV. Nineteenth-century Literature of the Americas V. Twentieth-century British and post-colonial VI. Twentieth-century Literature of the Americas

I. MEDIEVAL AND EARLY MODERN Medieval Students are not expected to read all works in the original. Easily available translations or modernizations are here suggested for texts which have not been widely translated, but other translations may be used as well. Chaucer, the plays, and Malory should certainly be read in the original Middle English. Required Texts: Beowulf, trans. Roy M. Liuzza. 100 pages. The Wife’s Lament, trans. Kevin Crossley-Holland. 2 pages. Geoffrey Chaucer, The Canterbury Tales, in Middle English. 328 pages.

430 pages

Recommended Readings:

Bede, The Ecclesiastical History, trans. Judith McClure and Roger Collins (Oxford World’s Classics)

Old English Poems, translated by Kevin Crossley-Holland: The Battle of Maldon and The Battle of Brunanburh Dream of the Rood The Wanderer The Seafarer Alfred the Great, Prefaces to the Pastoral Care and the Soliloquies, trans. Simon Keynes and

Michael Lapidge Romances: read one Marie de France, Lais, trans. Robert Hanning and Joan Ferrante Anonymous romances: King Horn Havelock Sir Orfeo Thomas Malory, Le Morte D’Arthur (esp. the final battle and its aftermath) The Pearl-Poet: read one Pearl, trans. Marie Borroff Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, trans. Marie Borroff Julian of Norwich, Book of Showings, trans. Clifford Wolters Drama: read one

Morality Plays: Everyman Mankind Mystery Play: Second Shepherd’s Play

EARLY MODERN Required Texts: Sir Thomas More, Utopia. 85 pages. William Shakespeare, King Lear. 250 pages. John Milton, Paradise Lost. (10,000 lines. Approx. 300 pages depending on number of annotations) 635 pages

Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca, Adventures in the Unknown Interior of America (originally entitled The Relation of . . . .). Tr. Cyclone Covey. 118 pages. Mary White Rowlandson, The Soveraignty and Goodness of God. 27 pages. 145 pages Recommended Readings: From Britain: The Sonnet Tradition: read one grouping (1) Sir Thomas Wyatt, "The long love that in my thought doth harbour"; "Whoso list to hunt, I know where is an hind"; "My galley charged with forgetfulness"; "I find no peace, and all my war is done"; "Farewell, Love, and all thy laws forever" Other poem: "They flee from me that sometime did me seek" Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, “Love, that Doth Reign and Live within My Thought”; “Set Me Whereas the Sun Doth Parch the Green”; “Alas! So All Things Now Do Hold Their Peace” Other poem: “Wyatt Resteth Here” (2) William Shakespeare, Sonnets (complete sequence) (3) Sir Philip Sidney, from Astrophil and Stella: "Loving in truth, and fain in verse my love to show"; "Not at first sight, nor with a dribbed shot"; "When nature made her chief work, Stella’s eyes"; "Stella oft sees the very face of woe"; "Who will in fairest book of Nature know" Edmund Spenser, from Amoretti: "Happy ye leaves when as those lilly hands"; "This holy season fit to fast and pray"; "Lyke as a huntsman after weary chace"; "One day I wrote her name upon the strand" John Donne, Holy Sonnets Lady Mary Wroth, from Pamphilia to Amphilanthus: "When night's black mantle could most darkness prove"; "Am I thus conquered? have I lost the powers?"; "Truly poor Night thou welcome art to me"; “Like to the Indians, scorched with the sun"; "When every one to pleasing pastime hies"; "In this strange labyrinth how shall I turn?" John Milton, "How soon hath Time the subtle thief of youth"; "Avenge O Lord the slaughtered saints, whose bones"; "When I consider how my light is spent"; "Methought I saw my late espoused saint"

John Foxe, from Acts and Monuments of These Latter and Perilous Days Sir Philip Sidney, The Defense of Poesy Queen Elizabeth I, “To the troops at Tilbury”; “The Golden Speech”; John Knox, First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene, Book I Thomas Kyd, The Spanish Tragedy Robert Greene, Friar Bacon and Friar Bungay Christopher Marlowe, read one: The Jew of Malta, Doctor Faustus, Edward II William Shakespeare, read one: The Merchant of Venice; As You Like It; Measure for Measure; Henry IV, Part I; Hamlet; Othello; Antony and Cleopatra; The Winter’s Tale Venus and Adonis The Rape of Lucrece Sir Walter Ralegh, The Discovery of the Large, Rich, and Beautiful Empire of Guiana Sir Francis Bacon, Essays (1597) John Donne, Songs and Sonnets, Satires 1 & 3, from Devotions Upon Emergent Occasions: #17 Aemelia Lanyer, Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum Ben Jonson, Volpone, from Epigrams: “To My Book”; “On Something that Walks Somewhere”; “To William Camden”; “On My First Daughter”; “To John Donne”; “On My First Son; Inviting a Friend to Supper”; “To the Memory of My Beloved, The Author, Mr. William Shakespeare, And What He Hath Left Us” Thomas Middleton, The Revenger’s Tragedy Elizabeth Cary, The Tragedy of Mariam John Webster, The Duchess of Malfi Thomas Middleton and William Rowley, The Changeling George Herbert, from The Temple: “The Altar”; “Redemption”; “Easter Wings”; “Affliction (1)”; “Prayer (1)”; “Jordan (1)”; “Church-Monuments”; “The Windows”; “Denial”; “Virtue”; “Man”; “Jordan (2)”; “Time”; “The Bunch of Grapes”; “The Collar”; “The Pulley”; “The Flower”; “Discipline”; “Death”; “Love (3)”

Andrew Marvell, “Bermudas”; “A Dialogue between the Soul and Body”; “The Nymph Complaining for the Death of Her Fawn”; “To His Coy Mistress”; “The Picture of Little T.C. in a Prospect of Flowers”; “The Mower against Gardens”; “Damon the Mower”; “The Garden” John Milton, Areopagitica From the Americas: Christopher Columbus, 1493 Letter on the First Voyage (to various people: Luis de Santangel, Finance Minister, Raphael Sanchez, Treasurer, of Ferdinand and Isabella) Giovanni da Verrazzano, Letter to King Francis I of France 8 July 1524 Indigenous and Spanish selections from Victors and Vanquished: Spanish and Nahua Views of

the Conquest of Mexico (at least sections 5, 6, and 7: excerpts from the Florentine Codex , Codex Aubin, Chronicles of Michoacan, and Centares mexicanos; excerpts from Bernal Diaz del Castillo, Francisco Lopez de Gomara, and Francisco de Aguilar)

Bartolome de Las Casas, Selections from In Defense of the Indians (at least Preliminaries and

first four chapters). Cf. excerpt from Juan Gines de Sepulveda. “Concerning the Just Causes of the War Against the Indians.” www.thelatinlibrary.com/imperialism/readings/sepulveda.html William Shakespeare, The Tempest Samuel de Champlain, Selections from The Voyages and Explorations of . . . (at least Volume 1, Books I and III) John Smith, A Description of New England and A Generall Historie of Virginia (at least Book

III, Chapter 2) William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation Cf. Thomas Morton, New English Canaan (Chapters XIV-XVI) John Winthrop, “A Modell of Christian Charity” John Cotton, “Gods Promise to His Plantation” Isaac Jogues, “Captivity of Father Isaac Jogues, of the Society of Jesus, Among the Mohawks” Anne Bradstreet, “The Prologue [to Her Book],” “The Author to Her Book,” “The Flesh and

the Spirit,” “Before the Birth of One of Her Children,” “A Letter to Her Husband, Absent upon Public Employment,” “In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth Bradstreet,” “On My Dear Grandchild Simon Bradstreet,” “Upon the Burning of Our House,” “To My Dear Children”

Edward Taylor, “The Preface,” “The Souls Groan to Christ for Succour,” “Christ’s Reply,”

“The Joy of Church Fellowship rightly attended,” “Huswifery”; “Upon Wedlock, & Death of Children”; “Meditation. John. 6.51. I am the Living Bread”

George Alsop, A Character of the Province of Maryland William Penn, “Project for the Good of England that is, Our Civil Union is our Civil Safety,” Letter to the Pennsylvania Indians (1681), “An Essay Toward the Present and Future

Peace of Europe, by the Establishment of an European Dyet, Parliament, or Estates”

II. EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY BRITISH AND EARLY LITERATURE OF THE AMERICAS Required Texts: John Dryden, MacFlecknoe Aphra Behn, Oroonoko Alexander Pope, Rape of the Lock Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography. 95 pages. Henry Fielding, Tom Jones Samuel Johnson, Vanity of Human Wishes, Rasselas J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur, Letters from an American Farmer (II, III, IX, XII). 90 pp.

Royall Tyler, The Contrast. 95 pages. Recommended Readings: Samuel Sewall, “The Selling of Joseph” Sarah Kemble Knight, Journal William Byrd, Selections from The History of the Dividing Line (at least 40 pages) Jonathan Edwards, “Personal Narrative,” “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God Moraley, William, The Infortunate: the Voyage and Adventures of William Moraley, an

Indentured Servant Benjamin Franklin, “The Way to Wealth,” “A Witch Trial at Mount Holly,” “The Speech of Polly Baker,” “The Ephemera,” “Remarks Concerning the Savages of North America” Elizabeth Ashbridge, “Some Account of the Fore Part of the Life of Elizabeth Ashbridge” John Woolman, Journal Samson Occom, “A Short Narrative of My Life” William Bartram, Selections from Travels (at least 40 pages)

Thomas Paine, The Age of Reason Thomas Jefferson, “Declaration of Independence” (in Autobiography), Notes on the State of

Virginia Olaudah Equiano, The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano Phillis Wheatley, “On the Death of the Rev. Mr. George Whitefield 1770,” “On Being Brought from Africa to America,” “On Imagination,” “To the University of Cambridge, in New England,” “To His Excellency General Washington,” “Letter to Samson Occom.” Hannah Foster, The Coquette Charles Brockden Brown, Wieland Philip Freneau, “The Power of Fancy,” “To Sir Toby,” “The Hurricane,” “The Wild Honey Suckle,” “On the Universality and Other Attributes of the God of Nature,” “On Observing a Large Red-streak Apple,” “The Indian Burying Ground,” “On the Causes of Political Degeneracy” British John Dryden. Absalom and Achitophel, “Ode to Anne Killigrew,” “To the Memory of Mr.

Oldham,” All for Love, Essay on Dramatic Poesy. Aphra Behn. “Love Armed,” “On a Juniper Tree, Cut Down to Make Busks,” “To Mr. Creech

on His Excellent Translation of Lucretius,” The Rover. Thomas Otway. Venice Preserved Daniel Defoe. Robinson Crusoe Jonathan Swift. “A Description of the Morning,” “A Beautiful Nymph Going to Bed,” Stella

poems (variety), Verses on the Death of Dr. Swift, A Modest Proposal, Gulliver’s Travels Alexander Pope. Epistle to Burlington, Epistle To a Lady, The Dunciad (1743 version). Anne Finch. “Nocturnal Reverie,” “The Spleen,” “The Introduction,” “The Answer (to Pope’s

Impromptu),” “A Letter to Daphnis, April 2, 1685,” “The Circuit of Apollo,” “To the Nightingale”

Richard Steele. Conscious Lovers John Gay. The Beggar’s Opera

Eliza Haywood. “Fantomina,” The History of Miss Betsy Thoughtless. Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Embassy Letters Henry Fielding. Joseph Andrews. Samuel Richardson. Pamela. Clarissa Samuel Johnson. “London,” Life of Savage, Preface to Shakespeare, The Lives of the Poets

(Dryden, Cowley, Swift, and Pope). mid-century Poets: Thomas Gray, Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard; William Collins,

“Ode to Evening”; Oliver Goldsmith, The Deserted Village; Mary Leapor, Crumble Hall Charlotte Lennox. The Female Quixote. R. B. Sheridan, School for Scandal Frances Burney. Cecilia. The Witlings

III. NINETEENTH-CENTURY BRITISH AND THE COLONIES (authors listed below by date of birth)

Required Texts: 5 to 8 texts 1. Joanna Baillie. “Introductory Discourse” to Plays on the Passions. (100 pages) 2. Percy Bysshe Shelley. Prometheus Unbound. (30 pages) 3. Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. Frankenstein. (220 pages) 4. William Wordsworth. 1802 Preface to Lyrical Ballads; “Tintern Abbey.” (35 pages) 5. Charles Dickens. Great Expectations. (480 pages) 6. Robert Browning. “My Last Duchess,” “Fra Lippo Lippi.” (5 pages) 7. Charlotte Bronte. Jane Eyre. (450 pages) 8. Thomas Hardy. Tess of the D’Urbervilles. (420 pages)

Total number of pages 1740 Other Recommended Texts: Joanna Baillie. “Introductory Discourse” to Plays on the Passions, Count Basil. William Wordsworth. 1802 Preface to Lyrical Ballads; “Tintern Abbey”; “Michael”; “Ode: Intimations of Immortality”; Books 1, 4, and 6 from the 1805 Prelude and the 1850 Prelude; the sonnets “The world is too much with us,” “Composed upon Westminster Bridge,” and “London, 1802.” Samuel Taylor Coleridge. “Frost at Midnight,” “Kubla Khan,” “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,” “Christabel,” “Dejection: An Ode.” Jane Austen. Pride and Prejudice, Emma. George Gordon Byron. Cantos 3 and 4 of Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage, Manfred, Cantos 1 and

2 of Don Juan. Percy Bysshe Shelley. Prometheus Unbound, “Ode to the West Wind,” “To a Skylark,” “Mont

Blanc,” “Adonais.” John Keats. The Eve of St. Agnes, “La Belle Dame Sans Merci,” “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode

to a Nightingale,” “To Autumn.” Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley. Frankenstein. Elizabeth Barrett Browning. Aurora Leigh (Books 1-3); “A Curse for a Nation”; from Sonnets from the Portuguese (“I thought once how Theocritus had sung”; “And wilt thou have me fashion into speech”; “How do I love thee? Let me count the ways”); “The Runaway

Slave at Pilgrim’s Point”; “The Cry of the Children.”

Alfred, Lord Tennyson. “The Lady of Shalott,” “Locksley Hall,” “Ulysses”; In Memoriam A.

H. H., Prologue and sections 9-11, 27-30, 54-56, 78, 83-84, 86-87, 95-96, 106, 118, and 130-31; Idylls of the King: “The Coming of Arthur” and “The Passing of Arthur.”

William Makepeace Thackeray. Vanity Fair Charles Dickens. David Copperfield, Great Expectations, A Christmas Carol, Bleak House. Robert Browning. “My Last Duchess,” “Porphyria’s Lover,” “The Bishop Orders His Tomb,”

“Fra Lippo Lippi,” “Andrea del Sarto, ” “Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came.” Charlotte Bronte. Jane Eyre. Emily Bronte. Wuthering Heights. George Eliot. Middlemarch, The Mill on the Floss. Matthew Arnold. “The Scholar Gypsy,” “Dover Beach,” “The Function of Criticism at the Present Time,” “Sweetness and Light” from Culture and Anarchy.

Christina Rossetti. “Goblin Market.” Thomas Hardy. Tess of the D’Urbervilles, The Mayor of Casterbridge.

IV. NINETEENTH-CENTURY LITERATURE OF THE AMERICAS Required Texts: Fiction Rebecca Harding Davis, “Life in the Iron Mills” Nathaniel Hawthorne, “Rappaccini’s Daughter,” “Young Goodman Brown” Harriet Jacobs, Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl Edgar Allan Poe, “The Fall of the House of Usher,” “The Cask of Amontillado” Ruiz de Burton, Maria Amparo, The Squatter and the Don (1885) Verse Emily Dickinson, “[I felt a Funeral, in my Brain],” “[A narrow Fellow in the Grass],” “[Tell all the Truth but tell it Slant],” “[Because I could not stop for Death—],” “[What Soft--Cherubic Creatures],” and “[She Rose to His Requirement]" Edgar Allan Poe, “To Helen,” “The Raven,” “Annabel Lee” Walt Whitman, Song of Myself (1855) Essay Henry David Thoreau, “Resistance to Civil Government” (aka “Civil Disobedience”) Recommended Readings: Black Hawk, Autobiography William Wells Brown, Clotel; or, The President's Daughter: A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States W. E. B. DuBois, The Souls of Black Folk George Washington Cable, The Grandissimes Kate Chopin, The Awakening, “Desiree’s Baby” Stephen Crane, Maggie, Girl of the Streets; “The Open Boat”

Charles W. Chesnutt, “The Goophered Grapevine,” “Po’ Sandy” Lydia Maria Child, Hobomok Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave Theodore Dreiser, Sister Carrie Charlotte Perkins Gilman, “The Yellow Wall-paper” Washington Irving, “Rip Van Winkle,” “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” Helen Hunt Jackson, Ramona Henry James, Daisy Miller, “The Beast in the Jungle,” “The Pupil” Sarah Orne Jewett, “A White Heron” Herman Melville, “Bartleby the Scrivener,” “Benito Cereno” Maria Cristina Mena, “The Vine,” “The Sorcerer and General Bisco” Frank Norris, “A Deal in Wheat” Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin Mark Twain, “Pudd’nhead Wilson” Booker T. Washington, Up from Slavery Harriet E. Wilson, Our Nig Sara Winnemucca, Life among the Paiutes Verse Paul Laurence Dunbar, “We Wear the Mask” Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Hiawatha José Martí, “A sincere man am I” Walt Whitman, “When I Heard at the Close of Day,” “I Saw in Louisiana a Live Oak Growing,” “I Sing the Body Electric,” “The Dresser”

Speeches, Letters, and Essays William Apes, “An Indian’s Looking-Glass for the White Man” Elias Boudinot, “An Address to the Whites” Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Self-Reliance,” “The Poet,” “The American Scholar” José Martí, “Mother America,” “The Truth about the United States,” “Our America”

V. TWENTIETH-CENTURY AND AFTER: BRITISH AND POSTCOLONIAL Required Verse W. B. Yeats, “The Lake Isle of Innisfree”, “Easter 1916”, “The Second Coming”, “The Circus Animals’ Desertion” T. S. Eliot, “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock” and The Waste Land Ted Hughes, “Wind”, “Relic”, “Telegraph Wires”, “Examination at the Womb Door” Fiction Virginia Woolf, To the Lighthouse Tsitsi Dangarembga, Nervous Conditions J. M. Coetzee, Disgrace Drama Samuel Beckett, Waiting for Godot Caryl Churchill, Cloud Nine Recommended Verse Thomas Hardy, “Hap”, “The Darkling Thrush”, “The Convergence of Twain”, “Channel Firing” World War I Poets: one poem each by Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon, Isaac Rosenberg and Rupert Brooke Dylan Thomas, “And Death Shall Have No Dominion”, “A Refusal to Mourn”, “Fern Hill”, “Do Not Go Gentle Into that Good Night” W. H. Auden, “Spain 1937”, “Musée des Beaux Arts”, “In Memory of W. B. Yeats”, “September 1, 1939” Philip Larkin, “Church Going”, “High Windows”, “Sad Steps”, “Aubade” Seamus Heaney, “Digging”, “The Skunk”, “Clearances”, “The Sharping Stone” Eaven Boland, “Anorexic”, “Mise Eire”, “How We Made a New Art on Old Ground”, “The Room in Which My first Child Slept”

Stevie Smith, “Not Waving But Drowning”, “Pretty”, “How Cruel is the Story of Eve” Fiction Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man Ford Madox Ford, The Good Soldier Rebecca West, The Return of the Soldier D. H. Lawrence, Women in Love E. M. Forster, A Passage to India Antonia White, Frost in May Graham Greene, The Quiet American George Orwell, 1984 Anthony Burgess, A Clockwork Orange Doris Lessing, The Golden Notebook D. M. Thomas, The White Hotel V. S. Naipaul, A Bend in the River Nadine Gordimer, July’s People Arundhati Roy, The God of Small Things Elizabeth Bowen, The Heat of the Day Alan Sillitoe, The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner Jean Rhys, Wide Sargasso Sea Angela Carter, Nights at the Circus Edna O’Brien, The Country Girls Jeanette Winterson, Oranges are Not the Only Fruit

Drama G. B. Shaw, Pygmalion and Saint Joan Harold Pinter, The Caretaker and The Homecoming John Osborne, Look Back in Anger Tom Stoppard, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead Wole Soyinka, Death and the King’s Horsemen

VI. TWENTIETH-CENTURY LITERATURE OF THE AMERICAS Required Texts: Fiction F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby Toni Morrison, The Bluest Eye Leslie Marmon Silko, Storyteller Verse William Carlos Williams, “The Approaching Hour,” “This is Just to Say,” “The Figure 5 in Gold,” “Danse Russe,” “Spring and All,” “The Red Wheelbarrow” Langston Hughes, “I, Too, Sing America” (“Harlem,”) “The Weary Blues, ” “Theme for English B,” “Dream Variations,” “Let America Be America Again,” “The Negro Speaks of Rivers” Adrienne Rich, “Diving into the Wreck,” “Trying to Talk to a Man,” “North American Time,” “Aunt Jennifer’s Tigers,” “Power,” “Storm Warnings,” “Rape” Drama Arthur Miller, Death of a Salesman Lorraine Hansberry, A Raisin in the Sun Recommended Readings: Fiction Sherman Alexie, “Because My Father Always Said He Was the Only Indian to See Jimi Hendrix Play the Star•Spangled Banner at Woodstock” Julia Alvarez, In the Time of the Butterflies James Baldwin, “Sonny’s Blues” John Barth, “Lost in the Funhouse”

Ana Castillo, So Far From God Denise Chavez, The Last of the Menu Girls Edwidge Danticat, “Children of the Sea” Junot Díaz, “Israel,” “How to Date a Blackgirl, Whitegirl, Browngirl, or Halfie” Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man Louise Erdrich, “Saint Marie (1934)” William Faulkner, “Barn Burning,” “The Bear” Rosario Ferré, The House on the Lagoon Carlos Fuentes, The Eagle’s Throne Cristina García, A Handbook to Luck Ernest Hemingway, The Sun Also Rises Zora Neale Hurston, “Sweat,” “The Guilded Six•Bits” Maxine Hong Kingston, The Woman Warrior Charles Johnson, Middle Passage Jhumpa Lahiri, The Interpreter of Maladies (short stories) Norman Mailer, The Armies of the Night: History as Fiction, Fiction as History Gabriel García Márquez, Love in the Time of Cholera Paule Marshall, Praisesong for the Widow Demetria Martínez, Mother Tongue Toni Morrison, “Recitatif” Bharati Mukherjee, “A Wife's Story” Flannery O’Connor, “A Good Man is Hard to Find” Cynthia Ozick, “The Shawl”

Thomas Pynchon, The Crying of Lot 49 Ernesto Quiñonez, Bodega Dreams Tomas Rivera, And the Earth Did Not Devour Him Nelly Rosario, Song of the Water Saints Upton Sinclair, The Jungle Gertrude Stein, “Melanctha” John Steinbeck, Of Mice and Men Piri Thomas, Down These Mean Streets Jean Toomer, Cane Edith Wharton, “Roman Fever” Hisaye Yamamoto “Seventeen Syllables” Verse Maya Angelou, “Still I Rise,” “Phenomenal Woman,” “Homage to My Hips” Gloria Anzaldúa, “To Live in the Borderlands Mean You,” “We Call them Greasers,” “La Curandera” Elizabeth Bishop, “The Fish,” “Visits to St Elizabeth’s,” “Man Moth” Gwendolyn Brooks, “We Real Cool,” “The Lovers of the Poor,” “A Bronzville Mother Loiters in the Kitchen in Mississippi. Meanwhile, A Mississippi Woman Burns Bacon.” Lorna Dee Cervantes, “Poem for the Young White Man Who Asked Me How I, an Intelligent, Well-Read Person, Could Believe in the War Between Races” Sandra Cisneros, “Loose Woman,” “The Heart Rounds Up the Usual Suspects,” “Vino Tinto” Robert Frost, “The Road Not Taken,” “Mending Wall,” “The Line Gang” Allen Ginsburg, “Howl,” “America” Corky Gonzales, “Yo Soy Joaquín/I am Joaquín” Robert Hayden, “Middle Passage”

Tato Laviera, “La Carreta Made a U•Turn,” “AmeRícan,” “Loisaida” Janice Mirikitani, “For My Father,” “Desert Flowers,” “Breaking Tradition” Aurora Levins Morales, “Child of the Americas,” “Puertoricanness” Octavio Paz, “No More Cliches,” “Where Without Whom” Pedro Pietri, “Puerto Rican Obituary,” “El Spanglish American Anthem,” “The Masses are Asses” Sylvia Plath, “Daddy,” “Lady Lazarus,” “Owl” Ishmael Reed, “I am a cowboy in the boat of Ra,” “Flight to Canada” Sonia Sanchez, “to blk/record/buyers,” “Masks,” “A Letter to Dr. Martin Luther King” Wallace Stevens, “A Jar in Tennessee,” “The Emperor of Ice Cream,” “Sunday Morning” Drama Nilo Cruz, Anna of the Tropics David Hwang, M. Butterfly René Marqués, The Oxcart Cherríe Moraga, Giving Up the Ghost Dolores Prida, Beautiful Senoritas Ntozake Shange, For Colored Girls Who Have Considered Suicide When the Rainbow Is Enuf Luis Valdez, Zoot Suit Tennesee Williams, A Streetcar Named Desire August Wilson, Fences