READING A PAPER

Basic Parts of a Research Paper1. Abstract

2. Introduction to Technology (background)

3. Tools & techniques/Methods used in current technology

4. Limitations/flaws/problems in current technology

5. Selection of one or more than one problem to solve the current limitation

6. Proposed solution

7. Results of proposed solution

8. Proposed Solution vs. Existing solution

9. Comparison of Results of proposed & existing solution

10. Results /discussions ,Outputs and recommendations

11. Conclusion

12. Future Work

13. References

Main Points to be Considered1. What are the main questions to be answered by this

work?2. What are the papers which the author summarizes in

that section?3. How does the author comment on those previous

researches?4. Distinguish previous research and the reported study5. Why is this work carried out?6. Which gap will it fill?7. What is the motive of doing that research?8. Why this work is important?9. How will it approach the solutions?10. Exp. – Num.- Ana.- Theory.11. What are the Promises of this work?12. How it is verified?

Observations1. Get a clear picture of what was done at each step2. Outline and sketch the instruments / procedures3. Make notes of your questions

1. Some: technical 2. Other: more fundamental

4. Write down your reflection and criticism.5. Look carefully at the figures, tables and Equations

(heart of most papers)6. What Researchers Did?7. Understand each figure8. Redraw it9. Explain it in plain words10. Discuss with others

Discussion1. Very important as it includes conclusions

drawn from the data2. Reflection from author on the work3. Its meaning in relation to other’s finding4. It’s meaning in relation to the field

Reflection & Criticisms1. Summarize the paper2. Draw your own conclusion3. Keep track of your previous

questions4. See whether they have been

answered5. Raise more questions to be

answered

Questions to be raisedINTRODUCTION

1. What is the overall purpose of the research?

2. How does the research fits into its field?

3. Show the validity of a new technique4. Show agreements (How much you

are agreed with the approach) for studying the problems in the presented way.

Methodology1. Were the measurements appropriate

for the questions the researcher was approaching?

2. If the answer is NO; ask why not...3. Does s/he use indicators (substitute

wards or symbols)4. Were the measures related to the

variables?5. Do the variables studied represent the

problems?

Results1. What are major findings?2. Were the data presented enough

to reach the objective?3. Are there some patterns and

trends which are not mentioned?4. Were there problems that should

be addressed?

Discussion1. Do you agree with the conclusions?2. Were conclusions over generalized?3. Were conclusions over conservative?4. Were conclusions carefully stated?5. Are there other factors that could

affect the results and the conclusions?

6. What further experiments you suggest to continue?

7. What further experiments you suggest to continue to answer remaining questions?

Any Questions

?