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Madison 2005

From a hell-for-leather two-gun teenager fighting in the

war against Mexican dictator Diaz (Beltran) to the first

woman to attain Senior Scientist status in the U.S. Fish

and Wildlife Service (Stickel), the recipients of the

prestigious Aldo Leopold Award are an incredibly

diverse group of people who have two things in

common: a passion for wildlife and a dedication to its

conservation. As you get to know them and to

appreciate their myriad accomplishments, we hope you

too will find the inspiration to walk in Leopold�s foot-

steps.

Appreciation is a wonderful thing; it makesAppreciation is a wonderful thing; it makesAppreciation is a wonderful thing; it makesAppreciation is a wonderful thing; it makesAppreciation is a wonderful thing; it makeswhat is ewhat is ewhat is ewhat is ewhat is excellent in others belong to us as well.xcellent in others belong to us as well.xcellent in others belong to us as well.xcellent in others belong to us as well.xcellent in others belong to us as well.

Voltaire

ALDO LEOPOLD

Considered by many as the father ofwildlife management and of the UnitedStates� wilderness system, AldoLeopold was a conservationist,forester, philosopher, educator, writer,and outdoor enthusiast.

Born in 1887 and raised in Burlington,Iowa, Aldo Leopold developed aninterest in the natural world at an earlyage, spending hours observing,journaling, and sketching hissurroundings. Graduating from theYale Forest School in 1909, he eagerlypursued a career with the newlyestablished U.S. Forest Service inArizona and New Mexico. By the ageof 24, he had been promoted to thepost of Supervisor for the CarsonNational Forest in New Mexico. In1922, he was instrumental indeveloping the proposal to manage theGila National Forest as a wildernessarea, which became the first suchofficial designation in 1924.

Following a transfer to Madison,Wisconsin in 1924, Leopold continuedhis investigations into ecology and thephilosophy of conservation, and in1933 published the first textbook in thefield of wildlife management. Laterthat year he accepted a new chair ingame management � a first for theUniversity of Wisconsin and thenation.

In 1935, he and his family initiatedtheir own ecological restorationexperiment on a worn-out farm alongthe Wisconsin River outside ofBaraboo, Wisconsin. Plantingthousands of pine trees, restoringprairies, and documenting the ensuing

changes in the flora and fauna furtherinformed and inspired Leopold.

A prolific writer, authoring articles forprofessional journals and popularmagazines, Leopold conceived of abook geared for general audiencesexamining humanity�s relationship tothe natural world. Unfortunately, justone week after receiving word that hismanuscript would be published,Leopold experienced a heart attack anddied on April 21, 1948 while fightinga neighbor�s grass fire that escaped andthreatened the Leopold farm andsurrounding properties. A little morethan a year after his death Leopold�scollection of essays A Sand CountyAlmanac was published. With over twomillion copies sold, it is one of the mostrespected books about the environmentever published, and Leopold has cometo be regarded by many as the mostinfluential conservation thinker of thetwentieth century.

Leopold�s legacy continues to informand inspire us to see the natural world�as a community to which we belong.�

Photo courtesy of the Aldo Leopold Foundation.

THE ALDO LEOPOLD MEMORIAL AWARD

Following Aldo Leopold�s death in April 1948, therewas much sentiment within The Wildlife Society forestablishing an award medal in his memory. A pro-posal to that effect was unanimously adopted at theSociety�s 1949 annual meeting. A committee was ap-pointed to create guidelines for the selection of awardrecipients and to nominate and select the first winnerof the Leopold Award.

Only one Leopold award is given each year, and thenonly if the committee deems a candidate to be entirelyworthy. The award is made for �distinguished serviceto wildlife conservation.� It is not given posthumously.

The award is presented during a ceremony at theSociety�s annual conference.

The Aldo Leopold Memorial Award is the highest honorbestowed by The Wildlife Society. It is considered the ultimate recognition ofa wildlife professional.

THE ALDO LEOPOLD MEMORIAL MEDAL

In 1949 sculptor Gifford MacGregor Proctor was commissioned to design andexecute models for a suitable medal in bronze, bearing a likeness of Aldo Leopoldon the obverse. Due to the artistic limitations imposed by the medium of bronzecasting, Leopold had to be portrayed without his familiar eyeglasses. The de-sign on the reverse of the medal includes a passenger pigeon and a sprig of oak.Both recall two of Leopold�s most unforgettable essays (Silent Wings; The Flam-beau) and, we hope, something of his matchless spirit. Dr. Luna B. Leopoldrepresenting the Leopold family approved the final design.

Although the artwork was not ready, the first medal was awarded to J.N. �Ding�Darling at the Society�s 1950 meeting in San Francisco. Models were finishedthat year and dies were cast early in 1951. After the 1951 meeting, one medalwas presented privately to Mrs. Aldo Leopold as a token of friendship andrespect. An engraved medal was sent (a year late) to J.N. Darling. In 1966 acertificate was designed to be presented with the medal.

1950 J. N. (Ding) Darling1951 Mrs. Aldo Leopold (in honor of her late husband)1951 Carl D. Shoemaker1952 Olaus J. Murie1953 Ira N. Gabrielson1954 Harold Titus1955 Clarence Cottam1956 Hoyes Lloyd1957 C. R. Gutermuth1958 E. R. Kalmbach1959 Ernest F. Swift1960 Enrique Beltran1961 Walter P. Taylor1962 Paul L. Errington1963 Clarence M. Tarzwell1964 Harry D. Ruhl1965 A. Starker Leopold1966 Homer S. Swingle1967 Seth Gordon1968 Stewart L. Udall1969 Durward L. Allen1970 Ian McTaggart Cowan1971 Stanley A. Cain1972 Joseph J. Hickey1973 Gustav A. Swanson1974 Lucille F. Stickel1975 Russell E. Train1976 John S. Gottschalk1977 C. H. D. Clarke1978 Henry S. Mosby1979 Raymond F. Dasmann1980 H. Albert Hochbaum1981 Louis A. Krumholz1982 Thomas G. Scott1983 Daniel L. Leedy1984 Joseph P. Linduska1985 Frank C. Bellrose1986 Robert A. McCabe1987 Thomas S. Baskett1988 Willard D. Klimstra1989 Laurence R. Jahn

ALDO LEOPOLD MEMORIAL AWARD RECIPIENTS

1990 Tony J. Peterle1991 Jack Ward Thomas1992 Glen C. Sanderson1993 L. David Mech1994 James G. Teer1995 Jack H. Berryman1996 Robert D. Nelson1997 Milton W. Weller1998 John J. Craighead1999 David R. Klein2000 Gary C. White2001 John W. Mumma2002 Rollin D. Sparrowe2003 Nova J. Silvy2004 David R. Anderson2005 E. Charles Meslow

TTTTTo Whom Honor is Due...o Whom Honor is Due...o Whom Honor is Due...o Whom Honor is Due...o Whom Honor is Due...19511951195119511951

J. N. (Ding) DarlingJ. N. (Ding) DarlingJ. N. (Ding) DarlingJ. N. (Ding) DarlingJ. N. (Ding) Darling 1950 1950 1950 1950 1950A well-known editorial cartoonistwhose works won him two PulitzerPrizes, Jay Norwood Darling, betterknown by his pen name �Ding,� wasalso a pioneer in wildlife conservationand the �Father of the Duck Stamp.�Born in Norwood, Michigan in 1876,Darling grew up on the Americanfrontier, developing a lifelong interestin wildlife and conservation.

Darling�s first career, however, wasas an editorial cartoonist, satirizing thepolitical characters of his day. Aftergraduating from Beloit College in1900, he became a reporter for theSioux City Journal, accompanying hisnews stories with his cartoons. He wenton to use his communication skills tobring public attention to importantwildlife issues and to furtherconservation education. His cartoonsappeared daily in 130 newspapers andthrough these he drew public attentionto two issues of particular importanceto him, wildlife exploitation anddestruction of waterfowl habitat.

His passion for waterfowl conservationled to his service on President FranklinD. Roosevelt�s Committee for WildlifeRestoration, with Aldo Leopold andThomas Beck, in 1943. His work onthis committee led to his appointmentas the head of the Biological Survey,forerunner of the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service. Darling served asDirector for 18 months, putting inplace the beginnings of the CooperativeFish and Wildlife Research Units,helping to develop the Duck Stamp

Act, and even designing the first stamphimself. After his turn as Director,Darling organized the nation�sdisparate groups of sportsmen into theNational Wildlife Federation, now thenation�s largest conservation educationorganization, with which he wouldremain very involved.

Famous at a young age for his wittycartoons, �Ding� Darling used hisvoice to forever change the face ofwildlife conservation in this country.

Carl D. ShoemakerCarl D. ShoemakerCarl D. ShoemakerCarl D. ShoemakerCarl D. Shoemaker 1951 1951 1951 1951 1951Carl D. Shoemaker, an Ohio lawyerand Oregon newspaperman beforeentering the wildlife field, made manycontributions to wildlife conservation,key among them his drafting of theoriginal Duck-Stamp Act, the Pittman-Robertson Federal Aid Act, and theDingell-Johnson Federal Aid toFisheries Act.

Born in Ohio in 1872, he practiced lawthere for several years beforepurchasing an Oregon newspaper in1912. In 1915, he wrote an editorialthat criticized the governor�sappointments to the Fish and GameCommission, since most came fromPortland and few from the south andwest of the state. In response, thegovernor summoned him to the capitol,where he was shocked to be led into aFish and Game Commission meeting,peppered with questions, and finallyoffered the position of state gamewarden. He served as Director of theOregon Fish and Game Commissionfor ten years, resigning this post tocarry out private conservation work.He would later go to Washington, D.C.as a staff investigator of the SenateSpecial Committee on Conservation ofWildlife Resources and becomesecretary of the Commission, a posthe held for nearly two decades. It wasin this position that he drafted manyimportant pieces of legislation,including the Duck Stamp Act.

A founder of the National WildlifeFederation in 1936, Shoemaker wouldultimately serve as secretary,

Washington correspondent, andconservation director for thatorganization. Shoemaker shunnedpublicity and was slow to take creditfor his achievement, instead attributingany success to his warm personalfriends on the Hill.

Olaus J. MurieOlaus J. MurieOlaus J. MurieOlaus J. MurieOlaus J. Murie 1952 1952 1952 1952 1952Olaus J. Murie, a mammalogist ofinternational stature, utilized his skillas a writer, speaker, and scientist togenerate greater awareness of andappreciation for the important role oflarge mammals in ecosystems.Spending incredible amounts of timein harsh conditions including theAleutian Islands, the RockyMountains, Olympic forests, NewZealand, and the Yukon, Labrador,and Hudson Bay regions of Canada,Murie observed wildlife in a way fewmen ever have or ever will.

Born on the American frontier inMoorhead, Minnesota, in 1889, Muriereceived his A.B at Pacific Universityin 1912. After graduation, he went towork as an Oregon State conservationofficer, participating in scientificexplorations of Hudson Bay andLabrador from 1914 to 1917. He thenmoved to the U.S. Bureau of BiologicalSurvey, conducting an exhaustivestudy of Alaskan caribou between 1920and 1926. He received his M.S. fromMichigan in 1927. Also that year, theSurvey assigned Murie to investigatethe Jackson Hole elk herd, resultingin his classic work The Elk of NorthAmerica.

In 1937 Murie joined the board ofdirectors of the recently createdWilderness Society and used hisscientist�s logic and artist�s passion tospeak persuasively on enlarging theNational Park system. He helpedconvince President Franklin D.Roosevelt to expand Olympic National

Monument and played an importantrole in the creation of Jackson HoleNational Monument in 1943 and itsachievement of national park status afew years later. Murie resigned hisposition with the Biological Survey in1945 to become director of theWilderness Society. In this position,he was an important advocate for theNational Park Service, lobbyingsuccessfully against the construction ofdams within Glacier National Park andDinosaur National Monument. He alsoled the crusade to establish the ArcticNational Wildlife Refuge in Alaska.

Ira N. GabrielsonIra N. GabrielsonIra N. GabrielsonIra N. GabrielsonIra N. Gabrielson 1953 1953 1953 1953 1953Known to many as �Mr. Conser-vation,� but preferring instead to bereferred to as simply �a biologist.� IraN. Gabrielson, a fearless administratorof wildlife resources, was DingDarling�s successor as Chief of the U.S. Biological Survey and the firstDirector of the U. S. Fish and WildlifeService.

Born in 1889 in Iowa, Gabrielsonbegan his career in 1912 as aschoolteacher of biology inMarshalltown, Iowa. Three years laterhe was employed by the United StatesDepartment of Agriculture as abiologist in the Bureau of BiologicalSurvey. For the next twenty years hewas assigned by that agency to manyprojects, chiefly in the western stateswhere he became widely recognized asan authority on birds, mammals, andother resources.

His outstanding achievements in theWest eventually caught the eye ofofficial Washington, and early in 1935he was called to the Central Office ofthe Biological Survey. Upon theretirement of �Ding� Darling as Chiefof the Bureau a few months later,Gabrielson was selected as hissuccessor. As Chief of the U. S.Biological Survey and first Director ofthe U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service,he nurtured the newly-organizedCooperative Wildlife Research UnitProgram and fostered the developmentof National Wildlife Refuges. Thehighly successful Pittman-RobertsonProgram was initiated during his

directorship. Upon retiring fromgovernment service in 1946, hebecame the first president of theWildlife Management Institute.

A tireless worker, he authored or co-authored five full-length books andliterally hundreds of scientific papersand popular articles on ornithology andwildlife conservation. He was stillactive in conservation when he died in1977.

Harold THarold THarold THarold THarold Titusitusitusitusitus 1954 1954 1954 1954 1954Today it�s called �technologytransfer��the ability to takecomplicated, science-based infor-mation and express it in clear, simplelanguage that is interesting andunderstandable to an audience oflaymen, usually the general public.Michigan native Harold Titus had thatknack in spades.

Titus was a member of the MichiganConservation Commission from 1927until 1949, except for a two-yearhiatus, and served with distinction.Game Division Chief H. D. Ruhl saidof him: �His thinking and leadershipwere of the highest caliber. In initiatingresearch in fish and game matters andin the practical application oftechniques, he was usually out in frontof the administrators and often leadingthe biologists, encouraging them tostick to their guns and do their stuff.�

But Titus� most enduring contributionwas the profusion of short populararticles he wrote to interpret theConservation Department�s scientificthinking for non-professionals. Allduring the 1930s and into the 1940shis �Old Warden� series and othersportsmen-oriented stories appeared inField & Stream. Their main purposewas to get across to sportsmen and -women the important work being donealmost totally behind the scenes by hisagency. In 1942 he told Durward L.Allen, who would later becomePresident of The Wildlife Society, thathe had just published his 100th suchpopular article. Allen had this to say:

�It is widely recognized thatmanagement programs can proceedonly as rapidly as public opinion isprepared to receive them. Bridging thegap between the technician and thelayman is a skill that should not beoverlooked in our recognition of thosewho have done service to this cause.There is no doubt that Harold Titus isin part responsible for the progress inwildlife conservation for which thisstate is well known.�

Clarence CottamClarence CottamClarence CottamClarence CottamClarence Cottam 1955 1955 1955 1955 1955A polite, caring, and respectful man,Cottam was known for his positiveattitude and for optimism. He nevercursed, but had a habit of verballyspelling out D-A-M-N at matters thatdisagreed with him. Always ready toconfront controversial issues,particularly those involving the publicinterest, Cottam frequently expressedhis political philosophy that Democratsand Republicans were the primarythreats to our wildlife resources.

Cottam was born in Utah, on January1, 1899, and worked as a farm andranch hand in his youth. He attendedBrigham Young University, receivinghis B.S. in 1926 and his M.S. in 1927.Cottam began his career as instructorof biology at Brigham Young. In 1929he became a junior biologist on theresearch staff of the U.S. BiologicalSurvey and by 1934 was seniorbiologist in charge of food-habitsresearch. He earned his Ph.D. atGeorge Washington University in1936. In 1939 the Biological Surveybecame the U.S. Fish and WildlifeService, and Cottam eventually becameChief of Wildlife Research. He waspromoted to Assistant Director in1945, a position that he would holdfor eight years. During his time withthe agency, Cottam worked withwaterfowl issues throughout the U.S.,Canada, and Mexico, and was a strongvoice in conservation issues involvingenvironmental pollution and pesticideproblems.

In 1954 he returned to BYU as Deanof the College of Biology &Agriculture for a year prior tobecoming the first Director of theWelder Wildlife Foundation in 1955.Cottam served as Director until hisdeath in 1974, also finding time tobecome involved in other conservationcauses, such as researching the long-range effects of DDT and campaigningfor the control of its use and advocatingthe plight of the whooping crane, baldeagle, brown pelican, and otherendangered species.

Hoyes LloydHoyes LloydHoyes LloydHoyes LloydHoyes Lloyd 1956 1956 1956 1956 1956Hoyes Lloyd, a chemist by training butan ornithologist at heart, became adriving force in the advancement ofprofessional wildlife management inCanada and advocated for theestablishment of refuges across NorthAmerica. Involved in the organizationof the Canadian Wildlife Service andthe handling of international problemsrelated to the Migratory Bird Treatybetween the United States and Canada,Lloyd became internationally knownas a proponent for sane but vigorousconservation policies.

Born in Hamilton, Ontario, 1888,Lloyd grew up with a love for birds,collecting specimens throughout hisyouth, and the rest of his life. Despitehis love of birds, he studied chemistryin school, receiving a B.A. from theUniversity of Toronto in 1910 and aM.A. in 1911. In 1918, returning tohis first love of ornithology, Lloydbecame Supervisor of Wild LifeProtection in Canada�s National Parksbranch of the Department of theInterior, charged with implementingthe new Migratory Birds ConventionAct. Shortly thereafter he was namedSupervisor of Wildlife Protection andgiven responsibility for alsoadministering the Northwest GameAct. Lloyd became intensely interestedin ornithology and bird protection atthe international level, serving as thePresident of the AmericanOrnithologist Union and representingCanada at United Nations conferencesand at the Ornithological Congress inOslo.

An active writer on behalf of naturalsciences and wildlife conservation,Lloyd had more than 200 publishedtitles to his credit. Lloyd�s extensivegovernment service was influential inthe creation of a national spirit ofwildlife consciousness among a peoplediverse in interests, fostered researchin many phases of natural resources,and furthered the idea of scientificmanagement.

C. RC. RC. RC. RC. R. Gutermuth. Gutermuth. Gutermuth. Gutermuth. Gutermuth 1957 1957 1957 1957 1957C. R. �Pink� Gutermuth, a fishermanand big game hunter, fostered andsupported practical fish and wildlifemanagement programs for more than30 years. An effective public relationsofficer in the conservation cause, fewso completely dedicated themselves tothe service of wildlife conservation.

Born in Fort Wayne, Indiana in 1900,Gutermuth went to banking school andspent twelve years as an assistantcashier in an Indiana bank, duringwhich he was involved with localconservation club activities. In 1934he entered the wildlife field as aprofessional, serving the IndianaDepartment of Conservation asDirector of Education until 1940 andas Director of Fish and Game from1940 to 1942. After a short stint at theAmerican Wildlife Institute, he becameVice President of the WildlifeManagement Institute, serving from1946 to 1971. He was the first editorof the Wildlife Management Institute�sOutdoor News Bulletin. He also madean outstanding contribution to thesuccess of the Cooperative WildlifeResearch Units. Gutermuth was one ofthe founders of the U.S. Chapter ofthe World Wildlife Fund and servedthat organization as president.

Gutermuth was an indefatigabledefender of wildlife conservation andnational legislation that would in anyway affect fish and wildlife or the soil,water, forest, and rangeland thatsupport wild creatures. In the Leopoldtradition, Gutermuth stood for wildlife

conservation in terms of habitatimprovement and in its relation to itstotal environment, including the peoplewho own and operate the land or thepublic agencies that may manage it.

In a near-tragic adventure,Pink Gutermuth, his wife,and a companion werewashed overboard from acharter boat in a hurricaneoff the Florida coast. Thisepic of survival is describedin �Life Hung on an 18-Thread,� FIELD ANDSTREAM, June, 1949.

E. RE. RE. RE. RE. R. Kalmbach. Kalmbach. Kalmbach. Kalmbach. Kalmbach 1958 1958 1958 1958 1958Edwin Kalmbach not only skillfully ranthe U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service�sDenver Research Laboratory for morethan 20 years but was also a drivingforce behind the development of theU.S. Post Office�s commemorativewildlife stamps.

Born in Michigan in 1884, Kalmbachwas a self-educated biologist whobegan his career as assistant directorof Kent Scientific Museum in 1903.He joined the U.S. Bureau ofBiological Survey in 1910 as assistantbiologist, later becoming biologist,senior biologist, and finally Directorof the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service�sDenver Research Laboratory. Duringmore than 40 years in the BiologicalSurvey and the Fish and WildlifeService, Kalmbach built a remarkablerecord of accomplishment in directingand stimulating substantial research onwildlife problems and in personallyconducting outstanding research andfield investigations. He, more thananyone else, paved the way for acorrect understanding of the �westernduck sickness� or �alkali poisoning�responsible for duck mortalitiesrunning into the hundreds of thousands.His work enabled practical steps to betaken toward prevention of botulismlosses in many places.

Kalmbach constantly sought to placeall remedial action against pest speciesupon solid foundations of accurateinformation. His research on crow-waterfowl relationships is an importantexample, through which he clarified

serious misunderstandings about therole of the crow as a factor regulatingwaterfowl populations in this countryand Canada. His deep seated concernthat control of offending wildlifeshould be regulated led to manyingenious control methods. A leadingwildlife artist, his paintings graced thepages of several nationally-recognizedpublications on birds and mammals.Furthermore, he has been credited withfathering the idea of postage stamps toimpress upon the public the importanceof our wildlife resource.

Dr. Edwin Kalmbach had onlyan elementary school educationyet became a internationallyknown research biologist andwildlife artist. He received andhonorary Sc.D. degree from theUniversity of Colorado in rec-ognition of his scientificachievements.

Ernest FErnest FErnest FErnest FErnest F. Swift. Swift. Swift. Swift. Swift 1959 1959 1959 1959 1959Ernest F. Swift, close friend of AldoLeopold, contributed to the earlydevelopment of the wildlife professionas a defender of wildlife from the fieldsand forests of Wisconsin to thelegislative halls of Washington, D.C.Born in Tracy, Minnesota, in 1897,Swift joined the Army after highschool, and after serving for two yearsattended the University of Wisconsin.He soon left school, however, to workand in 1926 was appointed stateconservation warden in Wisconsin.Swift gained a reputation for being afearless game warden and served theWisconsin Department of Conservationfor twenty-eight years, rising toDirector in 1947. There, Swiftpioneered a program of wildlifemanagement based on the findings oftrained fish and game biologists.During his six years as Director, Swiftsaw through to passage 79 of the 100bills written by his agency, includingmany landmark accomplishments.

After his 19 years in key administrativepositions at the state level, he movedto Washington, D.C. in 1954 asAssistant Director of the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service. Swift lasted only 18months in this position and left appalledat the bureaucratic trade-offs hewitnessed. He became Director of theNational Wildlife Federation, and spentfive years helping that group grow, andin the process helping to shape the firstU.S. Wilderness Act.

A prolific writer, Swift produced manypublications over the years, including

the classic A Conservation Saga.Throughout his career, Swiftaggressively pursued wildlifeconservation, focusing on scientificmanagement and shaping theenvironmental and conservationmovement of today.

Enrique BeltranEnrique BeltranEnrique BeltranEnrique BeltranEnrique Beltran 1960 1960 1960 1960 1960Enrique Beltran fought an up-hill battleagainst enormous odds, not only topursue a natural resources career inMexico, but also to create a soundconservation program for the countryas a whole. Born in Mexico in 1903,Beltran began his career as arevolutionary soldier in Mexico�s warfor independence from the PorfirioDiaz dictatorship. After the successfultermination of the campaign, hereturned to school, graduating from theUniversity of Mexico in 1921. He wenton to receive his doctorate inprotozoology in 1926.

While serving as a biology teacher atthe University of Mexico and as aresearch protozoologist in the Instituteof Public Health and Tropical Disease,Beltran earned a world-wide reputationas an authority on filariasis, malaria,and other tropical diseases. Althoughenjoying a successful career in publichealth, he felt that the fundamentalproblem facing his country wasconservation of natural resources. Hewrote and lectured widely on thesubject, finally abandoning his careerin protozoology to accept a tenuousposition as organizer and director ofthe first Mexican Institute of NaturalResources. Initially relying uponprivate contributions and limitedgovernment support, it grew into afunctional and growing organization.

Beltran would go on to hold manytitles, often simultaneously,demonstrating the influence anddemands on his time, energy, and

expertise. Throughout his career, heserved as Sub-Secretary of Agriculturein charge of Forests, National Parks,and Wildlife, Sub-Secretary of Forestand Game Resources in theDepartment of Agriculture, Directorof the Mexican Institute of RenewableResources, Professor of Protozoologyat the University of Mexico, Secretaryof the Mexican Natural HistorySociety, and member of the ExecutiveBoard of the International Union forConservation of Nature and NaturalResources.

WWWWWalter Palter Palter Palter Palter P. T. T. T. T. Taylorayloraylorayloraylor 1961 1961 1961 1961 1961Walter Taylor conducted and directedresearch across North America andstudied conservation and ecology inFiji, New Zealand, Australia, andseveral parts of Europe and Asia.

Born in 1888 in Wisconsin, Taylorreceived his B.S. in 1911 and his Ph.D.in Zoology in 1914 from the Universityof California. He served seven yearsas Curator of Mammals at theUniversity of California Museum ofVertebrate Zoology and then joined theBiological Survey, eventuallyadvancing from assistant to seniorscientist. In addition to a 35-year careerwith the Biological Survey and itssuccessor agency, the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service, Taylor was a greatteacher, inspiring many students withhis own enthusiasm and zeal. Whileemployed by the Biological Survey andthe Service he also served as professorand lecturer in zoology and wildlifeconservation and education at severaldifferent universities in six western andmid-western States. In addition, heserved terms as Leader of theCooperative Wildlife Research Unitsat both Texas Agricultural andMechanical College and Oklahoma A& M. From 1960 to 1966 he lecturedat high schools and colleges through aprogram sponsored by the AmericanInstitute OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES.

A PROMINent writer, he co-authored thebook The Birds of the State ofWashington and edited Deer of NorthAmerica. In addition he published over300 bulletins, monographs, and papers

on zoology, ecology and theconservation of natural renewableresources. In 1951, he received theU.S. Department of the Interior�s GoldMedal Award for distinguishedservice.

PPPPPaul L. Erringtonaul L. Erringtonaul L. Erringtonaul L. Erringtonaul L. Errington 1962 1962 1962 1962 1962Paul L. Errington, teacher, accom-plished naturalist, and vertebrateecologist, advanced the science ofwildlife management through research,articulate presentation of science, andeducation. Born in Bruce, SouthDakota, in 1902, Errington grew upworking on his family�s farm andtrapping professionally. He graduatedfrom South Dakota State College in1929 and earned his Ph.D. degree in1932 at the University of Wisconsin,studying under Aldo Leopold.

Errington spent almost his entireprofessional career at Iowa StateUniversity as a zoology professor,holding various positions there from1932 until 1962. During a leave ofabsence in the 50s he served as aVisiting Professor at Lund Universityin Sweden and was a recipient of theJohn Simon Guggenheim MemorialFellowship.

A prolific writer, Errington authoredmore than 200 scholarly papers. Somehalf dozen of his major papers of lessthan book size are monographic inscope. He also served an important roleas an early critical reviewer of booksand major papers. Both in 1940 and1946, he received awards from TheWildlife Society for contributing themost outstanding publications in thefield of wildlife ecology andmanagement. His four popular books,Of Men and Marshes, The Red GodsCall, Of Predation and Life, and AQuestion of Values, reached diverseaudiences. Recognized as an authority

on the subject of predator-preyrelationships, population dynamics,food habits, the bobwhite quail, minks,muskrats, great horned owls, andmarsh ecology, Errington was featuredin Life Magazine in 1961 as one of tenoutstanding North Americannaturalists.

�In common with other humanendeavors, conservation ormanagement probably always willbe attended by its share of futilityand short-sightedness. Regrettablethough this may be, worse still isthe outright destruction of thevalues needing most to bepreserved � especially inmanagement programs sponsoredby agencies subject to publicpressure or catering tocircumscribed groups.� PaulErrington, �A Question ofValues,� The Journal of WildlifeManagement, 1947 [11(3):267:272].

Clarence M. TClarence M. TClarence M. TClarence M. TClarence M. Tarzwellarzwellarzwellarzwellarzwell 1963 1963 1963 1963 1963Clarence M. Tarzwell, renownedaquatic and fisheries biologist, not onlypersonified the dignity of publicservice, he was instrumental in linkingthe concept of ecological and humanhealth. Born in Deckerville, Michigan,in 1907, Tarzwell received an A.B in1930, an M.S. 1932, and a Ph.D. in1936 from the University of Michigan.His graduate research testing andevaluating structures for theimprovement of environmentalconditions in Michigan trout streamswas the practical basis for trout streamimprovement for nearly three decades.

Tarzwell put his knowledge intopractice on a wide scale as streamimprovement supervisor for theMichigan Conservation WorksProgram, in a similar capacity with theU. S. Bureau of Fisheries in NationalForest CCC camps of the inter-mountain region, supervising streamimprovement for the U. S. ForestService in the Southwest, and lateroverseeing fishery surveys andinvestigations in the lower reservoir ofthe Tennessee Valley Authority.

While working on the TVA projectsTarzwell engaged in cooperativestudies of water level manipulation thatproved beneficial to aquatic life andmosquito control. This led to hisposition as Chief of the BiologySection, Malaria Control for the U. S.Public Health Service during WorldWar II. This experience prompted himto work incessantly promoting anunderstanding of the need for water

quality criteria and the protection ofaquatic life, and calling for a rationalhandling of water pollution problems.

Tarzwell ultimately gained inter-national respect for his work byholding seminars to acquaintprofessionals with new developmentsin the field of water quality andpollution control. The third seminar,held in 1962, attracted participantsfrom 28 nations and is acknowledgedto be one of the most significantgatherings of biological scientists everassembled in the United States.

Harry D. RHarry D. RHarry D. RHarry D. RHarry D. Ruhluhluhluhluhl 1964 1964 1964 1964 1964Harry D. Ruhl, a pioneer in thedevelopment of modern gamemanagement concepts, gave up abudding career in school teaching toorganize and lead the game divisionof his home state, Michigan�sConservation Department.

Trained in both mathematics andbiology, Ruhl entered the wildlife fieldwhen it was still dominated by thephilosophy of the Old Worldgamekeeper, with reliance placedalmost solely on the famed Three P�s:Protection, Propagation, and PredatorControl. Long before college coursesin wildlife were established, he startedbuilding a staff of men with the mostappropriate combination of trainingand experience then available. Forthese men he created a challenging,competitive working atmosphere out ofwhich many of today�s proven gamemanagement policies were born.

Influencing national conservationagendas is also part of Ruhl�s legacy,as he sat on nearly all of the continentwide conservation councils and servedas Chairman of the Federal AidCommittee of the InternationalAssociation of Game, Fish andConservation Commissioners. Fromthis position, Ruhl argued thateconomic data should be used tovalidate and support state and nationalconservation efforts. Ultimately thisresulted in the National Survey ofFishing, Hunting and Wildlife-Associated Recreation, conducted firstin 1955 and every five years since. He

was also a strong and constructivevoice in shaping the Pittman-Robertsonprogram.

Ruhl�s greatest contributions to theconservation cause is probably hiscreation of a new, dynamic,scientifically oriented organization thatbroke with the past and which servedas a model and inspiration to othersand his uncanny ability to select andtrain young professionals.

AAAAA. Starker Leopold. Starker Leopold. Starker Leopold. Starker Leopold. Starker Leopold 1965 1965 1965 1965 1965Starker Leopold�s outstandingachievements in scholarship andconservation paralleled those of hiseminent father. Born in 1913 inBurlington, Iowa, Starker was theeldest son of Aldo and Estella Leopold.Part of his youth was spent with hisfather on duck hunts along the RioGrande before the family moved toMadison, Wisconsin. Starker receivedhis B.S. from the University ofWisconsin in 1936 and after two yearsof graduate study in the Yale Schoolof Forestry he transferred to theUniversity of California at Berkeleyand received his Ph.D. in zoology in1944 under the tutelage of AldenMiller.

Predoctoral employment includedpositions as a junior biologist with theU.S. Soil Erosion Service and as a fieldbiologist for the Missouri ConservationCommission. Upon receiving hisPh.D. Leopold spent a few years inMexico as Director of Field Researchfor the Conservation Section of the PanAmerican Union; his long-standinginterest in Mexico culminated in oneof his most influential books, Wildlifein Mexico.

Joining the faculty at the University ofCalifornia, Berkeley in 1946, Leopoldremained there until his retirement in1978. He gained full Professor statusin 1957, was Associate Director of theMuseum of Vertebrate Ecology from1958 to 1965 and Acting Director forthe next two years.

Leopold conducted important wildlifesurveys in Alaska, Africa, Australia,New Zealand, and Mexico. Selectedby Secretary of the Interior, StewartUdall, Leopold served as Chairman forthe Secretary�s �Blue RibbonCommittee� on wildlife. At theSecretary�s instruction, it reviewed andmade recommendations on nationalpolicies of big game management innational parks, resulting in a finalreport entitled Wildlife Problems inNational Parks, more commonlyknown as the Leopold Report in honorof his leadership.

Homer S. SwingleHomer S. SwingleHomer S. SwingleHomer S. SwingleHomer S. Swingle 1966 1966 1966 1966 1966Homer Swingle pioneered not only thefield of fishery research, but also itsapplication to conservation and wildlifemanagement. His contributions to thefield had a huge impact on fisheriesmanagement in his home state ofAlabama and across the nation andworld.

Swingle received a B.S. in agriculturein 1924 and an M.S. in entomology in1925, both from Ohio State Universityand then spent the first ten years of hisprofessional career conductingresearch in agricultural entomology. Alocal sportsman club called upon himto answer questions as to how toimprove fishing in the club�s ponds,and this simple request turned thescientist from entomology to the fieldof fishery biology. His pioneeringmethods in the development ofaquaculture as a means of foodproduction were world-famous.Because of this expertise, he served asfisheries consultant to the governmentsof Israel, Thailand, and India, was theU.S. Pond Fish Culture representativeto the Pacific Science Congress, andwas chair of the first WorldSymposium on Warm Water PondfishCulture.

Directing Auburn University�sfisheries research station for over 30years, Swingle turned it into one ofthe largest warm-water fisheriesstations in the world. In his honor, thefacility now includes a four-storybuilding called the Homer S. SwingleFisheries Building, which contains

offices, classrooms, and laboratories.Swingle was also well known for hisability to explain his ideas and methodsin simple language, often usinghomemade visual aids. He taught manyshort courses and special schools forfishery workers, and also establisheda formal training program for fisherystudents at Auburn, which wouldbecome one of the most highlyregarded undergraduate and graduateteaching programs in fisheries in theworld.

Seth GordonSeth GordonSeth GordonSeth GordonSeth Gordon 1967 1967 1967 1967 1967Seth Gordon played an active part inwildlife management and adminis-tration at the state, national, andinternational levels for more than 50years. Among his greatest contribu-tions was his participation in thedrafting of the Model Game Law of1934, which established criteria formodern wildlife administrators to usein developing realistic huntingregulations for deer and wasinstrumental in obtaining generalpublic acceptance of modern principlesof game management.

Born April 2, 1890 in Richfield,Pennsylvania, Gordon graduated fromthe Pennsylvania Business College in1911. After a brief career in teachingand business, he joined thePennsylvania Game Commission as agame protector in 1913, was appointedassistant secretary of the Commissionin 1915, and became secretary andchief game protector in 1919. Heresigned in 1926 to becomeconservation director of the IzaakWalton League of America. In thisposition, he spearheaded the �Save theWestern Ducks Campaign,� worked onwhat would become the Migratory BirdConservation Act, and was responsiblefor the campaigns that led toestablishment of several wildliferefuges.

In 1936, Gordon returned toPennsylvania as executive director ofthe Game Commission, serving until1948 when he became a privateconservation consultant. In this

capacity he was engaged by theCalifornia Wildlife Conservation Boardto advise on funds allocated to thenewly-created California Departmentof Fish and Game, and was laterappointed Director of the Department,serving from 1951 until 1959.

Gordon�s professional service wasequally as impressive in scope,including service on the ForestResearch Advisory Committee to theSecretary of Agriculture and thePresident�s Water Pollution ControlAdvisory Board to the Surgeon Generalof the United States, to name only afew.

Stewart L. UdallStewart L. UdallStewart L. UdallStewart L. UdallStewart L. Udall 1968 1968 1968 1968 1968Stewart Udall has influencedconservation for over 50 years,contributing to the nation�s affairs asan author, historian, scholar, lecturer,environmental activist, lawyer,naturalist, and citizen of the outdoors.

Udall was born in St. Johns, Arizona,on January 31, 1920, into an influentialwestern family. He is the son of formerArizona Supreme Court Justice LeviS. Udall and Louise Lee Udall and thebrother of former Congressman Morris�Mo� K. Udall. As a young man,Stewart left St. Johns to attend theUniversity of Arizona and theninterrupted his studies to spend twoyears as a Mormon missionary in NewYork and Pennsylvania and serve inthe United States Air Force as a gunnerin Europe during World War II.Shortly after graduating from theUniversity in 1948 with a law degree,Stewart started his own practice, andtwo years later opened up a firm withhis brother Morris in Tucson, Arizona.

In 1954, Udall was elected to the U.S.Congress as a Representative fromArizona, later serving on theCommittee on Interior and InsularAffairs. Instrumental in persuadingArizona Democrats to support SenatorJohn F. Kennedy during the 1960Democratic Nomination Convention,he was appointed by PresidentKennedy to serve as Secretary of theInterior, a position he held for nineyears.

Highlights from his Cabinet career arethe Wilderness Bill, the Wild andScenic Rivers Act, the expansion ofthe National Park System to includefour new national parks, six newnational monuments, eight seashoresand lakeshores, nine recreation areas,twenty historic sites, fifty-six wildliferefuges, and the creation of The Landand Water Conservation Fund.

After leaving government service in1969, Stewart went on to teach for ayear at Yale University�s School ofForestry as a Visiting Professor ofEnvironmental Humanism.

Durward L. AllenDurward L. AllenDurward L. AllenDurward L. AllenDurward L. Allen 1969 1969 1969 1969 1969Durward L. Allen�s contribution to theadvancement of the wildlife professionwas deep and diverse. Of particularimportance was his landmark book,Our Wildlife Legacy, published in 1954while he was working for the U.S. Fishand Wildlife Service.

Allen was born in Uniondale, Indianain 1910, graduated from the Universityof Michigan in 1932, and earned adoctorate at Michigan State College in1937. He began his career in theMichigan Department of NaturalResources and then moved to the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service, eventuallybecoming the Service�s ActingDirector for Research in Washington,D.C.

In 1958 Allen left the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service and joined the facultyof Purdue University. There helaunched the world-famous studies ofwolves and moose on Michigan�s IsleRoyale, which have had a lastingimpact in the field. The studies hebegan would be continued for years,becoming the longest study ever ofpredator-prey relationships.

While at Purdue, training many of thenation�s top wildlife ecologists, Allenwrote six more books, includingWolves of Minong and The Life ofPrairies and Plains. He came tobelieve that wildlife conservationistsmust convince the general public thatscientific resource management isnecessary to maintain and improve ourquality of life. Consequently, he

produced dozens of articles for thataudience, many of which werepublished in Audubon magazine.

Throughout his career, Allen stressedthe importance of both protectingecosystems and controlling humanpopulations in wildlife management.Through his landmark research on IsleRoyale, his inspired teaching, and hismany publications, Allen made alasting impression on the wildlife field.

Ian McTIan McTIan McTIan McTIan McTaggartaggartaggartaggartaggartCowanCowanCowanCowanCowan 1970 1970 1970 1970 1970

Recognized as a pioneer in usingtelevision to educate the public aboutconservation and the wonders of thenatural world, Ian McTaggart Cowanbuilt his distinguished career as aresearch biologist by specializing in thesystematics and ecology of birds andmammals and enlarging ourunderstanding of the wildlife of hishomeland and far beyond.

Born in Edinburgh, Scotland, he cameto Canada at the age of three. Agraduate of the University of BritishColumbia, he earned his Ph.D. at theUniversity of California, Berkeley,studying under Joseph Grinnell, theforemost ecologist of his day. Firstemployed as a biologist at theProvincial Museum of BritishColumbia, in 1940 he returned to theUniversity of British Columbia tobecome Assistant Professor in theDepartment of Zoology. In 1943, theCanadian government hired Cowan toundertake the first extensive fieldstudies of the fauna of the RockyMountain Parks of Canada.

Cowan was promoted to Professor ofZoology in 1945 and served as headof the department from 1953 to 1964,continuing to develop and teachcourses in vertebrate zoology. Thatvertebrate zoology program was thefirst in Canada to focus on thebiological basis of wildlifeconservation. Cowan was also largelyresponsible for convincing the

Canadian government to hire trainedwildlife biologists to staff their wildlifemanagement agencies. Cowan becameDean of Graduate Studies in 1964, butcontinued to teach a course in wildlifebiology, supervise directed studies, andguide the research of zoology doctoralcandidates

Cowan�s findings and philosophies,presented in 179 published papers andtwo books, had a profound influenceon focusing attention in temperinghuman impact upon our world. He wasamong the first to use television toarouse public awareness of wildlifeecology, with educational programsthat garnered international awards.

Stanley AStanley AStanley AStanley AStanley A. Cain. Cain. Cain. Cain. Cain 1971 1971 1971 1971 1971Stanley A. Cain was the first to useaerial photography in the biologicalsciences when he leaned out of abiplane in 1927 to take photographsfor his first research paper. This actionexemplifies his lifelong efforts to useany means necessary to study and sharethe results of his research.

A leading figure in the developmentof science ecology from the 1940sthrough the 1970s, Cain was born inIndiana in 1902, received hisbachelor�s degree from ButlerUniversity, and his Ph.D. in botanyfrom the University of Chicago. Heheld teaching positions at Butler,Indiana University, the University ofTennessee, and the University ofMichigan, where in 1950 he foundedthe Department of Conservation, thefirst such academic department in thecountry. Cain chaired the Departmentfor eleven years, going on to be namedDirector of the school�s Institute forEnvironmental Quality. Aside from hisstint in government service in thesixties he remained at Michigan untilhis mandatory retirement in 1972. Hethen moved to University of California,Santa Cruz, where he taught activelythrough the 1970s.

Cain�s academic specialty was botany,but he was widely acknowledged forpioneering the study of the relationshipbetween people and the environment.His interdisciplinary perspective wasvisionary for the time. Partly becauseof his work, conservation became anincreasing national concern from the

1940s through the 1960s. In 1965,President Lyndon Johnson recognizedCain�s expertise by appointing himAssistant Secretary of the Interior forFish, Wildlife, and Parks, a post heheld until 1968.

Joseph J. HickeyJoseph J. HickeyJoseph J. HickeyJoseph J. HickeyJoseph J. Hickey 1972 1972 1972 1972 1972Joseph J. Hickey, a student andcolleague of Aldo Leopold and anoutstanding researcher in the fields ofpopulation ecology and environmentalcontaminants in relation to bird life,was a stimulating teacher and a keymember of the early environmentalmovement.

An avid birdwatcher throughout hisyouth, Hickey was born in New Yorkin 1907 and received a B.S. in Historyfrom New York University in 1930.He went on to work as a track coachand businessman, pursing his interestin birds as a hobby. However, aftermeeting Ernst Mayer he returned tonight school at NYU, then pursuing adegree in biology. At a 1941 cocktailparty Hickey met Aldo Leopold, andupon Leopold�s invitation, moved toWisconsin to study under him andreceive his M.S. from the Universityof Wisconsin. His master�s thesis waspublished as the classic book A Guideto Birdwatching. His received hisPh.D. from the University of Michiganand worked with the U.S. SoilConservation Service, the ToxicologyLaboratory at the University ofChicago, and the Museum of Zoologyof the University of Michigan beforetaking his post as Professor of WildlifeEcology at the University ofWisconsin. Within a few months of hisstarting at Wisconsin, Leopold passedaway and Hickey became chair of thedepartment. Hickey was instrumentalis the posthumous publication of ASand County Almanac.

Hickey was a beloved professor and aprominent researcher, especially on theconnection between declining birdpopulations and pesticides such asDDT. He was also one of the foundersand the first Secretary of The NatureConservancy. A prominent researcheron the use of agricultural chemicals,his work caused some universityadministrators to criticize him, but itwon him the admiration of theburgeoning environmental movement.

Gustav AGustav AGustav AGustav AGustav A. Swanson. Swanson. Swanson. Swanson. Swanson 1973 1973 1973 1973 1973Gustav A. Swanson, a scientist andeducator, rendered outstanding servicethrough a number of state and federalagencies and academic institutionswhere he consistently advocated forpersonal and professional integrity.

Swanson, born in 1910 on a Minnesotafarm, received B.S., M.S., and Ph.D.degrees from the University ofMinnesota where he also taught forseven years. He moved alternatelyeastward and westward in response torequests for his services. Theseincluded teaching and administrativeassignments at the University of Maine,University of Montana, CornellUniversity, and Colorado StateUniversity. In 1948 Swanson left hispost as Chief of the Division of WildlifeResearch with the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service to found theDepartment of Conservation at CornellUniversity, serving as its head for thenext 18 years. During his career healso worked for seven years in theFederal Aid and Research Divisions ofthe Fish and Wildlife Service, wasFellow of the American-ScandinavianFoundation in Denmark, and traveledto Denmark and Australia as FullbrightLecturer.

As a consultant Swanson worked withThe Nature Conservancy in England,Scotland, and Northern Ireland, as wellas with several legislative committeesin New York State. There he was amajor force in developing conservationworkshops for teachers and in

formulation of the New York Fish andWildlife Management Act. He also wasinstrumental in establishment of theCornell University Laboratory ofOrnithology. Later he was appointedby the National Academy of ScienceNational Research Council to serve ontwo committees studying problemsassociated with plant pest control andwildlife-land use relationships.

Lucille FLucille FLucille FLucille FLucille F. Stickel. Stickel. Stickel. Stickel. Stickel 1974 1974 1974 1974 1974Lucille Stickel�s accomplished researchand administrative career washighlighted by her designation asSenior Scientist in the Fish and WildlifeService, the highest position everattained by a woman in the Service, orits predecessor agencies, at the time.Stickel was also the first and onlywoman ever to be awarded the AldoLeopold medal.

Stickel earned a bachelor�s degree inbiology form Eastern MichiganUniversity, and both Master�s andPh.D. degrees from the University ofMichigan. After appointment in theFish and Wildlife Service as a juniorbiologist in 1943, Stickel was promotednumerous times. At the Service, Stickelexhibited outstanding ability as aresearch administrator as well as aresearcher. She was a colleague ofRachel Carson, and Carson drew uponStickel�s research in writing SilentSpring. In 1972, Stickel was appointedDirector of the Patuxent WildlifeResearch Center, one of the largestwildlife research installations in theworld, renowned for its ground-breaking research on endangeredspecies and on the effects of chemicalcontaminants like DDT and mercuryon raptors such as the peregrine falcon,bald eagle, brown pelican, and osprey.

Her publications, cited repeatedly inthe wildlife literature, emphasizedpopulation biology, particularly ofsmall mammals, and relationships ofpesticides and other pollutants to

wildlife. Having received wide nationaland international recognition in thefield of pesticide pollutant research,Stickel served on many nationaladvisory committees and panels,represented the U.S. at a Swedishconference on chlorinated hydrocarbonpesticides, and served as a consultantto other governments in pesticidematters. Stickel�s research findingsprovided an invaluable scientific basisfor decisions regarding regulation ofpesticide usage in the U.S.

RRRRRussell E. Tussell E. Tussell E. Tussell E. Tussell E. Trainrainrainrainrain 1975 1975 1975 1975 1975The Honorable Russell E. Train�sleadership and contributions to publicand private conservation organizationsearned him a worldwide reputation asa strong advocate of environmentalquality. Born in Jamestown, RhodeIsland, Train grew up in Washington,D.C. He received his B.A. fromPrinceton in 1941, and served in theArmy from 1941 to 1946. Afterreceiving his LL.B. from ColumbiaUniversity in 1948, he joined the JointCommittee on Internal RevenueTaxation as an attorney. Then followeda series of positions involving legalcounseling in both the legislative andexecutive branches of the United Statesgovernment. In 1957 PresidentEisenhower appointed him a judge ofthe Tax Court of the United States.

While serving on the Tax Court, Trainbecame active in conservation work.In 1959 he founded and became firstpresident of the African WildlifeLeadership Foundation. From 1959until 1969 he served as Vice Presidentof the World Wildlife Fund. Heresigned from the Tax Court in 1965to become President of theConservation Foundation, a non�profitresearch, education, and informationorganization concerned withenvironmental matters.

Later, Train served on the NationalWater Commission and in 1968 wasappointed by President Nixon aschairman of a task force to advise theincoming administration on environ-

mental matters. He subsequentlybecame Under Secretary of theInterior, and in 1970, Chairman of theCouncil on Environmental Quality. Inthese two high offices, he exertedtremendous influence for theenvironmental good, participating inthe formation of governmentalorganizations, programs, andguidelines, particularly as the NationalEnvironmental Policy Act wasimplemented. Later he served asAdministrator of the EnvironmentalProtection Agency and represented theUnited States on environmental mattersin many international conferences,committees, and discussions, on issuesincluding water quality, endangeredspecies, marine mammals, and oceanpollution by ships.

John S. GottschalkJohn S. GottschalkJohn S. GottschalkJohn S. GottschalkJohn S. Gottschalk 1976 1976 1976 1976 1976John Gottschalk, an aquatic biologistand limnologist by training, advancedthe profession and science of wildlifemanagement for more than 40 years.Educated at Earlham College andIndiana University, Gottschalk servedas Superintendent of Fisheries for theIndiana Department of Conservationfrom 1938 to 1941. For a few yearshe was a bacteriologist and laboratorydirector for one of the pioneerproducers of penicillin. Then, from1945 to 1970 he was employed by theU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, firstin the capacity of Aquatic Biologist,and then in administrative roles asAssistant Chief of the Branch ofFederal Aid, Chief of the Division ofSport Fisheries, Regional Director, andultimately Director from 1964 until1970.

His six years as Director saw manymemorable accomplishments, in-cluding passage of the first federalEndangered Species Act, the comebackby the nearly endangered whoopingcrane, and an additional 500,000 acresof habitat added to the NationalWildlife Refuge System. Followingreorganization in 1970, Gottschalkserved as Assistant to the Director ofthe National Marine Fisheries Service,until he assumed the position ofExecutive Vice-President of theInternational Association of Game,Fish and Conservation Commissioners,retiring in 1983.

Gottschalk was quite proud that duringhis tenure as Director of the Fish and

Wildlife Service, research wasperformed at Patuxent WildlifeResearch Center that demonstratedhow the chemical DDT adverselyimpacted the eggshells of many birdspecies, including the bald eagle andthe peregrine falcon, leading to theEPA�s ban of DDT.

The Northeast Region of the Fish andWildlife Service has honoredGottschalk�s career by establishing theJohn S. Gottschalk Award, presentedeach year to a deserving Regionemployee in recognition ofoutstanding, innovative, andenthusiastic efforts in developing andimplementing natural resourcepartnerships.

C. H. D. ClarkeC. H. D. ClarkeC. H. D. ClarkeC. H. D. ClarkeC. H. D. Clarke 1977 1977 1977 1977 1977Called the �Canadian Aldo Leopold,�C. H. D. Clarke not only worked tounderstand the ecology andmanagement of wildlife but also tocomprehend the social and economicinterplay affecting wildlife and itsmanagement, a dimension avoided bymost field-trained biologists. Clarkewas born in Kerwood, Ontario, on 14June 1909. A precocious ornithologistat an early age, he completed his PhDon ruffed grouse populations and wenton to become supervisor of a provincialfish and game division and inter-national consultant on wildlife matters.

Beginning his career as a student offorestry in 1927, Clarke then did stintswith the Canadian National Parks andthe Research Branch of the OntarioDepartment of Lands & Forests. Hebecame Supervisor of Wildlife in theFish and Wildlife Division in 1947 andChief of the Division in 1961. Heretired from the Civil Service in 1971,but not from his chosen profession. Heserved as Scientific Consultant of theRachel Carson Institute, President ofthe North American ForestryAssociation, President and HonoraryMember of The Wildlife Society, andGovernor of the Arctic Institute. Healso took four trips to East Africa tostudy in Kenya and Tanzania.

As a writer of over 300 papers andarticles, he was articulate, scientific,humorous, and philosophical. In hisclassic work on the Arctic, A BiologicalInvestigation of the Thelon GameSanctuary, he could not refrain from

mentioning those aspects of Arcticbeauty that he came to understand andappreciate that were such a part of thisman.

Henry S. MosbyHenry S. MosbyHenry S. MosbyHenry S. MosbyHenry S. Mosby 1978 1978 1978 1978 1978Henry S. �Doc� Mosby had a 40-yearcareer in wildlife management andresearch that began with his classicdoctoral dissertation on The WildTurkey in Virginia. This research setthe standard for wildlife turkeyrestoration and management in theSoutheast for years to come.

Born in Lynchburg, Virginia in 1913,he received his B.S. in biology fromHampton Sydney College in 1935, hisB.S. and Master�s of Forestry from theUniversity of Michigan in 1937, andhis Ph.D. in wildlife, also from theUniversity of Michigan, in 1941.

Mosby served with the Virginia GameCommission in various capacities as awildlife biologist from 1939 until 1943and for a year after World War II.During the war he served in the U.S.Army, from 1943 until 1946, some ofthat time as a meteorologist in Europe.In 1947, he became Leader of theVirginia Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit, a position he wouldhold until 1955. That year he beganhis tenure as a Professor with VirginiaTech�s Department of Fisheries andWildlife Sciences. Mosby was namedDepartment Head in 1972, a positionhe held until his retirement in 1977.

During his career, he published over50 scientific articles that carried greatinfluence in the developing field ofwildlife management. He was editorof the first and second edition of theWildlife Techniques Manual. His 61

graduate students grew and thrivedunder his guidance and tutelage andthrough them his philosophies havespread through our profession to itsbenefit. Often described as a �trueSouthern gentlemen,� Mosby has alasting influence on the wildlifeprofession.

RRRRRaymond Faymond Faymond Faymond Faymond F. Dasmann. Dasmann. Dasmann. Dasmann. Dasmann 1979 1979 1979 1979 1979Raymond F. Dasmann�s numerousscientific papers, articles, and booksdisplay a classical knowledge andadvanced philosophy of biology,ecology, and wildlife management.Born in San Francisco in 1919, hereceived his AB., M.A., and Ph.D.at the University of California. He wenton to teach at the University ofMinnesota, Humboldt State College,and the University of California. Hewas a research biologist at the RhodesiaNational Museum, Senior Associate atthe Conservation Foundation inWashington, DC, and Senior Ecologistat the headquarters of the InternationalUnion for the Conservation of Natureand Natural Resources at Morges,Switzerland.

Dasmann pushed both the scientific andphilosophical dimensions of wildlifemanagement. In the 1950s he beganworking in the field of conservationbiology, helping to identify populationgrowth, pollution, habitat loss, andspecies eradication as major threats tobiological diversity. In the 1960s,Dasmann helped launch the Man andthe Biosphere program with the UnitedNations Educational, Scientific, andCultural Organization (UNESCO). Anearly advocate of conservation policiesthat respected indigenous people, hecalled for the minimization of humanimpact on the land and helped lay thegroundwork for the field ofenvironmental ethics. His pioneeringwork on game ranching in Africafostered the field of ecodevelopment

and helped make ecotourism ahousehold word.

Authoring more than a dozen books,including The Destruction ofCalifornia, Environmental Conserva-tion, Wildlife Biology, and California�sChanging Environment, Dasmannfought for the title of his influentialtext Environmental Conservation at atime when the phrase was unknown.Although informed by complexscientific observations, Dasmann�svision of conservation was based onone simple fact: Resources are finite.Yet successful conservation strategiesare not simple, and Dasmann alwaysfought for policies that took intoaccount the full complexities ofbiology.

Dasmann coined what hecalled the first law of theenvironment. �No matterhow bad you think thingsare,� he often said, �the totalreality is much worse.�

H. Albert HochbaumH. Albert HochbaumH. Albert HochbaumH. Albert HochbaumH. Albert Hochbaum 1980 1980 1980 1980 1980Aldo Leopold�s first graduate student,H. Albert Hochbaum played animportant role in the development ofwildlife management into a science-based profession. Hochbaum�s life asan observer, student, and recorder ofwildlife began in Greeley, Colorado,where he was born in 1911. Afterstudying ornithology at CornellUniversity, he received his B.S. in1933. From 1934 to 1937 he servedas a Wildlife Technician for theNational Park Service, after which heenrolled at the University of Wisconsinto study game management underLeopold.

In conjunction with his studies and atthe urging of Professor Leopold,Hochbaum reported to Delta,Manitoba, in 1938, with an assignmentto examine the potential of the vastDelta Marsh as the site for a newwaterfowl research station. There hecompleted the waterfowl field studiesthat led to his Master�s Degree fromthe University of Wisconsin in 1941.Hochbaum, serving as Director for 32years, laid the groundwork for theDelta Waterfowl Research Station tobecome recognized by many as themost respected and productive privatewaterfowl research facility in NorthAmerica.

Aside from his pioneering waterfowlresearch at Delta, Hochbaum alsodistinguished himself further throughhis writing and artistic talents. His firstbook, Canvasback on a Prairie Marsh,

received The Wildlife Society�s bookaward and the Brewster Medal fromthe American Ornithologists� Union.His 1955 book Travels and Traditionsof Waterfowl also won The Society�sbook award. The year 1973 saw therelease of To Ride the Wind, amagnificent collection of his paintingsand sketches that brilliantly dramatizethe beauty, character, and ecology ofwaterfowl and their habitats. Thesebooks are classics, not only for thesensitive blending of the scientificinformation and conservation messagethat each imparts, but also for thepoetic style of writing.

Louis ALouis ALouis ALouis ALouis A. Krumholz. Krumholz. Krumholz. Krumholz. Krumholz 1981 1981 1981 1981 1981Born in Washington State in 1909,Louis Krumholz grew up amidst thelakes of Minnesota, kindling hislifelong interests in aquatic ecology andnatural history of fishes. Theseinterests would lead him to a careermarked by numerous contributions tothe fields of ichthyology and aquaticbiology and by service to the wildlifeprofession.

Krumholz got his start as an assistantto David H. Thompson of the IllinoisNatural History Survey, where heundertook the extensive studies ofmosquito fish in Illinois, which wouldlead to his receiving an award for thebest student paper at the 1939 meetingof the American Society ofIchthyologists and Herpetologists.After receiving his Ph.D. fromMichigan, he became Instructor inZoology and Research Associate in theIndiana University Lake and StreamSurvey, carrying a heavy teaching loadin comparative anatomy labs andsharing the classic research on sunfishpopulation dynamics in ponds withWilliam E. Ricker. Krumholz thenserved as Director of the LernerMarine Laboratory in the Bahamas,which resulted in his authoritative workon embryology and the life history ofseveral important marine fishes. For25 years he was on the faculty of theUniversity of Louisville, directing itsWater Resources Laboratory from1967 until 1976. His work there onthe effects of pollution on fishcommunities in the Ohio River resulted

in the widespread reputation enjoyedby the Laboratory for innovative andexcellent research.

Perhaps his most memorableaccomplishment, to many WildlifeSociety members, was his record 22years as Editor of WildlifeMonographs. By careful, conscien-tious, and skillful handling of themyriad details, he saw through topublication some 74 odd monographs.Louis Krumholz�s career was markedby his authoritative research and hischaracteristic optimism.

Only one award has been pre-sented post-humously. LouisA. Krumholz died after theselection was made and un-fortunately the letter notifiy-ing him of this honor arrivedone day after his death inJanuary 1981.

Thomas G. ScottThomas G. ScottThomas G. ScottThomas G. ScottThomas G. Scott 1982 1982 1982 1982 1982A distinguished leader and prolificauthor, Thomas G. Scott was knownthroughout his career for his pursuitof excellence and his courage in takingstands against unpopular issues. Bornin Ohio on May 22, 1912, Scottreceived his Ph.D. from Iowa State in1942 and then served with distinctionin the U.S. Army during World WarII. After the war he returned to hisposition at the Iowa Wildlife ResearchCooperative Unit, leaving in 1950 totake over as head of Wildlife Researchat the Illinois Natural History Survey.When he became head of theDepartment of Fisheries and Wildlifeat Oregon State University in 1963, heled the effort to establish theCooperative Fisheries Research Unitand the Cooperative Wildlife ResearchUnit there. He became director of theDenver Wildlife Research Center of theU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1972and was named senior scientist in 1975,a position he held until his retirementin 1983.

Unafraid of standing his ground onissues important to him, Scottpromoted legislation to protect hawksand owls in Illinois and was one of thefirst scientists to call attention to thedanger of unregulated pesticide use. Healso produced numerous publications,including over 100 articles, bulletins,monographs, and special reports. Hispublications on the red fox in Iowa andthe northern plains are classics in thewildlife literature, as is one of his laterpublications, The Checklist of North

American Plants for Wildlife Biologists.Scott served The Wildlife Society invarious roles, taking turns as President,President-elect, and Editor of theJournal of Wildlife Management. AsEditor, he redesigned the format andstyle of the Journal with such flair andsuccess that many major scientificperiodicals subsequently adopted it asa model for upgrading their ownproductions.

Daniel L. LeedyDaniel L. LeedyDaniel L. LeedyDaniel L. LeedyDaniel L. Leedy 1983 1983 1983 1983 1983A charter member of The WildlifeSociety, Daniel L. Leedy�s wildlifecareer developed along with thegrowing field of wildlife management.Born in 1912 in Ohio, Leedy grew upon a farm, where his interest in wildlifebegan. He received his M.S. in 1938and his Ph.D. in 1940 from Ohio StateUniversity, conducting research onring-necked pheasants. For thefollowing two years he was aninstructor at the University. He thenentered military duty, serving from1942 to 1945 in World War II as anaerial photo interpreter.

After the war he joined the U. S. Fishand Wildlife Service and for threeyears headed the Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit in Ohio. In 1949 he waschosen as the biologist in charge ofthe entire Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit Program, which, underhis guidance, continued to emerge asa dominant factor in the education ofstudents, conduct of research, andapplication of these findings tomanagement activities. In 1957 he waselevated to the position of Chief of theBranch of Wildlife Research for theU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, wherehe was instrumental in strengtheningthe role of wildlife study andinvestigation at the national level. Afterretiring from government service,Leedy worked with the Urban WildlifeResearch Center from 1974 to 1994,serving as Research Director andSenior Scientist.

During his long career, Leedy alsocontributed greatly to the technicalliterature, publishing nearly 90 paperson many subjects including uplandgame and furbearers, land use-wildliferelationships, aerial photo inter-pretation in wildlife management,research needs in wildlife andrecreation, highway-wildlife relation-ships, and the newly developing fieldof planning and management for fishand wildlife in urban areas. Quiet,behind-the-scenes leadership, withplenty of acknowledgement for others,were Leedy�s keys for a long,successful wildlife career.

Joseph PJoseph PJoseph PJoseph PJoseph P. Lindusk. Lindusk. Lindusk. Lindusk. Linduskaaaaa 1984 1984 1984 1984 1984Born in Butte, Montana in 1913 in anarea that would later become a coppermine pit, Joseph P. Linduska, a chartermember of The Wildlife Society,would go on to become its Presidentand Executive Director, for severalyears running the Society from hiskitchen table until a full-time directorcould be found. He earned his B.A.and M.A. in zoology and entomologyfrom the University of Montana, anda Ph.D. in vertebrate zoology fromMichigan State University.

After stints with the MichiganDepartment of Conservation, as aresearch ecologist, the U.S.Department of Agriculture, conductingaward-winning research on insects ofimportance to the military, and backin Michigan, carrying out statewidesurveys of the ring-necked pheasant,Linduska moved to the U.S. Fish andWildlife Service, where he wouldspend much of his career. His firstsignificant achievement there was toorganize and direct the seminalprogram to evaluate the effects of DDTand other pesticides on fish andwildlife. In 1949 he was namedAssistant Chief of the Service�sWildlife Research Branch and in 1951became Chief of the GameManagement Branch. After ten yearsin the private sector running theRemington Arms Company�s wildliferesearch and demonstration program,he returned to the Service in 1966 asAssociate Director.

Seven years later, he moved to theOffice of the Director as SpecialAssistant and Senior Scientist, workingon the international scene representingthis country as a delegate to numerousinternational working groups inSwitzerland, Russia, India, Pakistan,Poland, Iran, South Africa, Brazil andother countries.

Linduska also found time to producetwo books and more than 50 technicalpapers on wildlife and natural resourcesubjects and in excess of 100 populararticles on conservation subjects,including a monthly feature on wildlifemanagement for Sports AfieldMagazine.

Joseph P. Linduska, in a privateaudience with India�s Prime Min-ister Indira Gandhi, expressed hissupport for her efforts at popula-tion control and suggested thatthis might be the main salvationof India�s wildlife.

FFFFFrank C. Bellroserank C. Bellroserank C. Bellroserank C. Bellroserank C. Bellrose 1985 1985 1985 1985 1985Those in the field knew him as �Mr.Waterfowl.� Born in Ottawa, Illinois,in 1916, and educated at the Universityof Illinois, Frank C. Bellrose wouldbecome one of the world�s foremostauthorities on waterfowl and wetlands.His research career spanned more than50 years with the Illinois NaturalHistory Survey, and included positionssuch as Assistant Game Technician,Assistant Game Specialist, WildlifeSpecialist, and Principal Scientist.

Bellrose�s pioneering research on leadpoisoning in waterfowl was a majorfactor in the gradual replacement oflead with nontoxic shot for waterfowlhunting both in the United Statesabroad. His innovative research led toover 90 publications representing awide variety of topics ranging fromwaterfowl food plants, to muskrats, towaterfowl migration corridors. One ofthe many notable contributions is hisbook, Ducks, Geese and Swans ofNorth America, recognized as one ofthe most complete waterfowlreferences in print. Both that book andEcology and Management of WoodDuck were selected as The WildlifeSociety�s Book of the Year.

In 1997 the Waterfowl ResearchLaboratory of the Illinois NaturalHistory Survey�s Forbes BiologicalStation near Havana, Illinois, wasofficially named the Frank C. BellroseWaterfowl Research Center, in honorof Bellrose�s important contribution towaterfowl ecology and managementthroughout the world and on the Illinois

River where he spent his entire life andprofessional career. In 2001 Bellrose,who passed away in early 2005 at theage of 88, was inducted into the newlyestablished Illinois Outdoor Hall ofFame in recognition of his lifelongcommitment to natural resourceprotection and outdoor recreation inIllinois.

RRRRRobert Aobert Aobert Aobert Aobert A. McCabe. McCabe. McCabe. McCabe. McCabe 1986 1986 1986 1986 1986Aldo Leopold, his Ph.D. advisor, saidRobert McCabe was �one of the bestand most versatile men that I know,has a warm and forceful personality, aphenomenal ability to get things doneand an intellectual horizon that is wideand getting wider.� McCabe spentnearly his entire career at theUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison,where he received his Ph.D. in 1949.

Born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, in1914, McCabe began working for theUniversity of Wisconsin in 1943. Heserved as the University of WisconsinArboretum biologist for 2 years, andin the Department of Wildlife Ecologyfor the next 39 years, 27 of them asDepartment Chairman. Under hisleadership, the Department grew from2 to 10 faculty members and broadenedin scope from game management towildlife ecology. In fact, McCabe isoften credited with elevating wildlifemanagement to a respected science andprofession.

MaCabe also shared his extensivewildlife knowledge and training withmany other nations during his career.He conducted surveys of wildlife invarious African countries, wasawarded a Fulbright Professorship in1969-70 at Dublin, Ireland, served asconsultant to Ireland�s Office of PublicWorks on its National Parks, and wasan advisor to the government ofEthiopia regarding that country�sNational Parks. McCabe also authoredover 100 publications varying from

technical to popular, and ranging fromflycatchers to flowers, whitetails towetlands, and hunting tales to wildlifetraining. The list would be even moreimpressive were it not for his steadfastrefusal to accept credit for coauthoringpapers published by his graduatestudents.

In 1999, in honor of his remarkablecareer, McCabe was inducted in theWisconsin Conservation Hall of Fame.

Thomas S. BaskettThomas S. BaskettThomas S. BaskettThomas S. BaskettThomas S. Baskett 1987 1987 1987 1987 1987Inducted into the MissouriConservation Hall of Fame in 2001,Thomas S. Baskett was a leader in theconservation movement, both in hishome state of Missouri and in thenation. He wore many hats throughouthis career, serving as a teacher,researcher, writer, editor, andadministrator. Most of his career wasspent leading the Missouri CooperativeWildlife Research Unit for the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service, which underhis guidance would become one of thestrongest and most successfulcooperative wildlife research programsin the nation.

Born in Liberty, Missouri, in 1916,Baskett received a B.A. in biology fromCentral Methodist College, an M.S. inzoology at the University of Oklahoma,and a Ph.D. in zoology at Iowa StateUniversity. He served in the U.S. Navyin the Pacific during World War II. Afterreturning from military service, hetaught zoology and wildlife at Iowa StateUniversity and the University ofConnecticut. In 1948, he became Leaderof the Missouri Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit. In 1968, he interruptedhis unit leader career to serve for 5years as Chief of Wildlife Research forthe Fish and Wildlife Service, providingstrong and effective leadership in thecontinuing effort to establish reasonablecontrol over pesticide use in the U.S. Alandmark decision to restrict the useof DDT because of its impacts onmigratory birds was achieved during histenure.

As a researcher, he has studied andwritten widely about a broad array ofwildlife species and topics. Byemphasizing long-term studies andfocusing on specific conservation andmanagement problems and needs, hehas made important contributions toour understanding of bobwhite quail,cottontail rabbits, and mourning doves,to name just a few.

WWWWWillard D. Klimstraillard D. Klimstraillard D. Klimstraillard D. Klimstraillard D. Klimstra 1988 1988 1988 1988 1988Known as �Doc� to his students andcolleagues at the Cooperative WildlifeResearch Laboratory at SouthernIllinois University, which he foundedin 1951 and led for 35 years, WillardD. Klimstra was recognized as apioneer in wildlife ecology and mined-land reclamation. He spent his entirecareer at Southern Illinois University,beginning in 1949 as AssistantProfessor of Zoology, attaining therank of Distinguished ProfessorEmeritus in 1985, and retiring in 1987.

Klimstra received a B.A. fromMaryville College, Maryville, TN, in1941. Then in 1948 he received a M.S.and in 1949 a Ph.D. in EconomicZoology from Iowa State University.Two years after beginning his careeras an Assistant Professor at SouthernIllinois, he founded the CooperativeWildlife Research Laboratory there.For the next 35 years he would serveas leader, continually adding to thestaff and tirelessly directing the effortsof graduate students whose researchand professional accomplishmentscontinue to provide benefits to wildlifeand natural resources conservation inIllinois and throughout the country.

Klimstra personally made substantialcontributions on the impact of strip-mining on the environment and on theecology and management of bobwhites,Canada geese, and key deer. His workat Pyramid State Park in the 1950srepresented one of the nation�s firstdemonstrations of mine reclamation for

fish and wildlife habitat enhancement.Klimstra helped draft legislation onmined land reclamation andconservation, the Illinois NaturePreserves System Act, and the IllinoisEndangered Species Protection Act. In2005, the Illinois ConservationFoundation selected Klimstra forinduction into the Illinois Outdoor Hallof Fame.

Laurence RLaurence RLaurence RLaurence RLaurence R. Jahn. Jahn. Jahn. Jahn. Jahn 1989 1989 1989 1989 1989When he won the Aldo Leopold awardin 1989, Laurence R. Jahn wasdescribed as a mover and a shaker inthe area of conservation. His naturalresources colleagues preferred to callhim �Our Man in Washington.� Jahnwas one of the strongest driving forceson the Washington scene in support ofsound land and water managementprograms and practices.

Born in Jefferson, Wisconsin, in 1926,Jahn spent his childhood on the familyfarm, sparking a lifelong commitmentto wildlife conservation. He receiveda M.S. and a Ph.D. in wildlifemanagement/ecology from theUniversity of Wisconsin, the programfounded in 1939 by Aldo Leopold. Hebegan his professional career in 1949as a waterfowl biologist for theWisconsin Conservation Department atHoricon Marsh. His contributions towaterfowl and wetland managementare widely recognized for theirscientific rigor, excellence in reporting,and positive impact on the resource.However, it is the politics ofconservation that has been the arenafor his most profound contributions towildlife conservation.

In 1959, Jahn joined The WildlifeManagement Institute as FieldRepresentative for the North CentralStates. In 1970, he moved toWashington, D.C. to become theInstitute�s Director of Conservation.Over the years he worked withpolicymakers from nearly every major

federal and private resource agency andbecame one of the premier spokesmenfor wildlife conservation in Washington.He was the sustaining force that ralliedpolitical support for saving theCooperative Fish and Wildlife ResearchUnits and was instrumental in obtainingfunds for research on values of old-growth forests for wildlife habitat. It washis diligence and perseverance thatresulted in landmark conservationprovisions in the 1985 Farm Bill.Laurence Jahn demonstratedaggressive leadership second to none,much of which was accomplishedquietly, behind-the-scenes, with littlefanfare or self-acclaim.

TTTTTony J. Pony J. Pony J. Pony J. Pony J. Peterleeterleeterleeterleeterle 1990 1990 1990 1990 1990A teacher, administrator, and scientist,Tony J. Peterle�s easy self-confidenceand vital integrity made him a naturalleader in the wildlife field. As ateacher, he earned the admiration andrespect of his students, including some50 M.S. and Ph.D. graduates to whomhe served as major advisor. Many ofhis students are now at the top of thefield themselves. As academicadministrator, he motivated his facultyto reach their highest level ofachievement. As a scientist, heemerged as one of the true pioneersand leaders in environmentaltoxicology, a point well-illustrated byhis 30 journal papers in that field alone.

His professional home for 30 years wasthe Ohio State University, where hewas Leader of the Ohio CooperativeWildlife Research Unit from 1959 to1963 and Professor of the Departmentof Zoology from 1968 to 1989, servingas Chair from 1968 to 1981. Hiscommitment to his students wasevident. One example of this is theFellowship Grant Program hedeveloped. This program is acooperative venture between OhioAudubon Council, The Ohio StateUniversity, and the Division ofWildlife of the Ohio Department ofNatural Resources that provides two-year fellowships to graduate studentsin environmentally related subjects atOhio State.

Peterle also made many contributionsof paramount importance in the arena

of conservation policy and politics. Hiscontributions to the National Academyof Sciences, the National Fish andWildlife Resources Research Council,the Fish and Wildlife Committee of theNational Association of StateUniversities and Land-Grant Colleges,and the Association of University Fishand Wildlife Program Administratorswere innumerable.

Jack WJack WJack WJack WJack Ward Thomasard Thomasard Thomasard Thomasard Thomas 1991 1991 1991 1991 1991Jack Ward Thomas, an eminentwildlife biologist and Forest Servicecareer scientist, served as the 13th Chiefof the U.S. Forest Service from 1993to 1996, offering legendary leadershipnot only during the Northern SpottedOwl controversy, but also inchampioning ecosystem management.

Born in Fort Worth, Texas, onSeptember 7, 1934, Thomas began hiscareer as a wildlife researcher with theTexas Game and Fish Commissionafter receiving a B.S. in wildlifemanagement from Texas A&MUniversity. In 1966, he joined the U.S.Forest Service and became involvedin research on the effects of even-agedforest management on wildliferesulting in a M.S. degree from WestVirginia University. The results of thisresearch were a key influence on the1970s debates on the relationshipsbetween wildlife and even-aged timbermanagement.

Thomas transferred in 1969 to establishthe first research unit at the PinchotInstitute. There he focused on wildlifehabitat in urban and suburban settings,culminating in a Ph.D. degree inForestry from the University ofMassachusetts and resulting in anarticle entitled �Invite Wildlife to YourBackyard� that served as thetouchstone for the National WildlifeFederation�s still popular �BackyardWildlife Program.�

In the spring of 1993, Thomas waschosen to head the Forest Ecosystem

Management Assessment Team as aresult of his work on spotted owl andold growth habitat in the PacificNorthwest in the late 1980s and early1990s. In part because of his work onthis project, Thomas was chosen to bethe Chief of the Forest Service. In 1996he resigned and became the Boone andCrockett Professor of WildlifeConservation in the School of Forestryat the University of Montana. Thomashas published more than 400 chapters,articles, and books.

Glen C. SandersonGlen C. SandersonGlen C. SandersonGlen C. SandersonGlen C. Sanderson 1992 1992 1992 1992 1992Glen Sanderson�s studies during histenure with the Illinois Natural HistorySurvey, between 1955 and 1990, onthe biology and ecology of the raccoon,rabies in mammals, and lead poisoningin waterfowl resulted in more than 90publications and edited works, bringinghim national and internationalrecognition in wildlife research.

Sanderson completed B.S. and M.S.degrees at the University of Missouriand began his career as a gamebiologist with the Iowa ConservationCommission. There he specialized instudies of mammals, with emphasis onraccoons, which became the subject ofthe Ph.D. dissertation he completed atthe University of Illinois while workingfor the Illinois Natural History Survey.

Appointed Adjunct Professor atSouthern Illinois University in 1964and Professor of Zoology at theUniversity of Illinois in 1965, throughthe years Sanderson taught classes inwildlife ecology and advised candidatesfor advanced degrees at Illinois andlectured at Southern Illinois as well asat numerous other colleges anduniversities. Sanderson was also adriving force in the movement toeliminate the use of lead shot inwaterfowl hunting. Indeed, his effortsled him to be characterized as �a giantin the crusade for steel shot.� He wasalso a leader in protecting remnantflocks of prairie chickens in Illinois andchampioned the innovative approachesto habitat conservation through land

acquisition and management usednationally by The Nature Conservancy.

In addition to his more than 90publications and edited works heserved as editor of The Journal ofWildlife Management in 1971 and1972, special editor of the WildlifeSociety Bulletin issue 15(1) thatcommemorated the 50th Anniversaryof The Wildlife Society, and consultingeditor for Wildlife Monograph 49.

L. David MechL. David MechL. David MechL. David MechL. David Mech 1993 1993 1993 1993 1993David Mech, described by some as�the most prominent wolf biologist inthe world� and known as �the alphawolf,� has directly or indirectlyinfluenced practically every recent wolfproject in the world. Born in Auburn,New York, Mech received his B.S.from Cornell University in 1958 andhis Ph.D. from Purdue University in1962. For 33 years he has researcheddeer, moose, lynx, marten, raccoons,muskrats, and most intensively wolves.

Mech began his career as an assistantprofessor and research associate forMacalester College in St. Paul,studying wolves in Superior NationalForest. In the late 1970s, he workedon a recovery plan for wolves underthe new federal Endangered SpeciesAct. Since 1978 Mech has chaired theWorld Conservation Union�s WolfSpecialist Group, working with wolfscientists around the world. In 1986he began his study of wolves andcaribou in Alaska�s Denali NationalPark and Preserve and in the 1990shelped to reintroduce wolves toYellowstone National Park and centralIdaho. He is a senior research scientistwith the Biological Resources Divisionof the United States Geological Survey,Northern Prairie Wildlife ResearchCenter, and an adjunct professor in theDepartment of Ecology and BehavioralBiology and the Department ofFisheries and Wildlife at the Universityof Minnesota.

Mech�s research has centered innortheastern Minnesota, Denali

National Park, Alaska, and EllesmereIsland, Northwest Territories, but hisknowledge and expertise have beeninvited and shared in Italy, India,Kenya, Canada, Mexico, Sweden,U.S.S.R., Spain, and other countries.No other single biologist hascontributed so much to wolfconservation. Through his writings,talks, films, and appearances on theJohnny Carson and Dick Cavett showshe has been instrumental in teachingthe general public about wolfconservation.

James G. TJames G. TJames G. TJames G. TJames G. Teereereereereer 1994 1994 1994 1994 1994James G. Teer began his career inwaterfowl research, and then soughtto improve the scientific foundation ofwhite-tailed deer management. Hisfield research over the years hasincluded studies on cottontail rabbits,big game ranching, commercial harvestof game, private lands wildlifemanagement, ringtails, rangelandecology, exotic game animals, white-winged doves, collared peccary,bobwhite quail, and endangeredspecies.

Born in Granger, Texas in 1926, Teerreceived his B.S. in WildlifeManagement from Texas A&MUniversity in 1950, an M.S. in WildlifeManagement from Iowa StateUniversity in 1951, and a Ph.D. inWildlife Management and Zoologyfrom the University of Wisconsin in1963. His professional experiencesinclude positions as a ResearchBiologist with the Texas Game and FishCommission, Research Biologist withU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service�sPatuxent Wildlife Research Center,Professor at Mississippi StateUniversity and Texas A&M Univer-sity, Visiting Professor at Universityof Pretoria, South Africa, and Directorof the Rob and Bessie Welder WildlifeFoundation.

During the academic portion of hiscareer, Teer built one of the largestundergraduate and graduate educationand research programs in the U.S.focusing on wildlife, fisheries, and

associated outdoor recreationeducation. His tenure as TWSPresident coincided with the emergenceof a new movement in conservationbiology and he had the delicate task ofintegrating the new elements of thismovement with the rich heritage andconnection to natural resourcesembodied in wildlife management.

Ahead of his time, Teer�s extensivefield experience in wildlife researchand the human dimensions of wildlifeconservation laid the foundation for histenacious advocacy of incorporatinghuman needs and aspirations into theoverall framework for sustainablemanagement of aquatic and terrestrialecosystems.

Jack H. BerrymanJack H. BerrymanJack H. BerrymanJack H. BerrymanJack H. Berryman 1995 1995 1995 1995 1995From reorganizing and redirecting thepredator control program of the Bureauof Sport Fisheries and Wildlife todeveloping a national program ofextension education for the U.S. Fishand Wildlife Service, Jack H.Berryman contributed significantly atthe local, regional, national, andinternational levels during aprofessional career spanning nearlyfive decades. His efforts helped todeflect the Sagebrush Rebellion,establish and implement the NorthAmerican Waterfowl ManagementPlan, obtain new funds for fish andwildlife programs during times ofreduced federal budgets, andstrengthen the conservation dimensionsin federal agriculture programs.

Born in 1928 in Utah, Berrymanreceived B.S. and M.S. degrees fromthe University of Utah and began hisprofessional employment with the UtahFish and Game Department. Anaccomplished twenty-three year career,beginning in 1950, with the Bureau ofSport Fisheries and Wildlife (later theU.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)included stints as Assistant RegionalSupervisor of the Branch of FederalAid in Albuquerque and thenMinneapolis, Chief of the Division ofWildlife Services, Acting DeputyAssociate Director for Wildlife, Chiefof the Division of TechnicalAssistance, and Chief of the Office ofExtension Education. His tenure withthe Service was interrupted from 1959to 1965 when he returned to his native

Utah as Associate Professor andWildlife Specialist at Utah StateUniversity. Upon retirement from theService, Berryman served ten years asthe Executive Vice President of theInternational Association of Fish andWildlife Agencies.

Serving as Chairman of TechnicalAdvisory Committee for the NationalAcademy of Sciences� Panel on LandUse and Wildlife Resources, Chairmanof the Agricultural Task Force of theNatural Resources Council of America,and a Member of the Secretary ofInterior�s Task Force on WetlandPreservation, few persons havedemonstrated such a willingness toserve the causes of wildlifeconservation.

RRRRRobert D. Nelsonobert D. Nelsonobert D. Nelsonobert D. Nelsonobert D. Nelson 1996 1996 1996 1996 1996Robert D. Nelson aggressivelypromoted innovation, efficiency, andteamwork for more than 35 years innumerous capacities with the USDAForest Service. Recognizing, longbefore most, the effectiveness andimportance of working beyondadministrative boundaries, he pushedfor partnership agreements andinitiatives ultimately resulting insignificant contributions for wildlifeand fisheries conservation.

Nelson�s wildlife career began withcompletion of B.S. and M.S. degreesin Wildlife Biology at Washington StateUniversity and professionalemployment as a Forest WildlifeBiologist. Initiating the ForestService�s Continuing EducationProgram for Wildlife and FisheriesBiologists, which now involves 10universities and 13 courses each year,Nelson has made major contributionsto the development of the wildlifeprofession. Another of Nelson�s mostnotable achievements is the ForestService�s Challenge Cost-Shareprogram that provides non-federalpartners the opportunity to share inshaping, funding, and implementingwildlife and fish habitat managementon National Forest System lands. Thisprogram and numerous otherpartnerships and initiatives including�Taking Wing� with Ducks Unlimited,�Making Tracks� with the NationalWild Turkey Federation, and �Eyes onWildlife� for wildlife viewing helpedadvanced wildlife management to themainstream of the Forest Service.

Under Nelson�s leadership as Directorof Wildlife, Fish, and Rare Plants, theprogram became one of the strongestin the National Forest System. Hisleadership and vision also led to thedevelopment of habitat conservationassessments for numerous species,including forest carnivores, theMexican Spotted Owl, and Pacificsalmon, the first comprehensive federalhabitat management and monitoringguidelines for neotropical migratorybirds, interagency agreements tostreamline and improve theEndangered Species Act consultationprocedures, and the identification ofmanagement needs for rare plantconservation.

Milton WMilton WMilton WMilton WMilton W. W. W. W. W. Wellerellerellerellereller 1997 1997 1997 1997 1997Milton W. Weller�s initial detailedstudies of Redhead ducks kicked off acareer that significantly expanded thefields of wetland and wetland-wildlifeecology. His research, and that of hisstudents, has included many classicworks in areas of waterfowl molts andplumages, redhead ecology, nestparasitism, island waterfowlbiogeography, prairie wetlanddynamics, black-headed ducks, andRallidae.

Born in 1929, Weller received themajority of his formal education at theUniversity of Missouri in Columbia,culminating in his Ph.D. degree in1956 in Zoology/Wildlife. For nearlytwenty years he taught wildlife ecologyand management at Iowa StateUniversity, where he played a key rolein developing curricula aimed atproviding an integrated background inwildlife and fisheries resources. He ledthe Fisheries and Wildlife Section atIowa State University, went on to headthe entomology in fish and wildlifedepartment at the University ofMinnesota, and was the Kleberg Chairin Wildlife Ecology at Texas A&MUniversity for twelve years, retiringin 1994.

Pioneering an effort to understand thelinkages that exist between wetlandbirds and their habitats, Weller hascompiled an impressive list ofpublications over the last four decades,including such classic books as TheIsland Waterfowl and FreshwaterMarshes, Ecology and Wildlife

Management, which are usedthroughout the country in wetlandscourses at the college level. Weller�sresearch has been described as helpingothers to �understand the basic forcesand patterns of waterfowl adaptationsand evolution that have both provideda context for the study of waterfowland also have served as examples forstudies of other animal groups world-wide.�

John J. CraigheadJohn J. CraigheadJohn J. CraigheadJohn J. CraigheadJohn J. Craighead 1998 1998 1998 1998 1998John J. Craighead distinguishedhimself by bringing wildlife biologyand wildlife research to the lives of thegeneral public, helping to educate andthrill people worldwide. With a careerthat included government service,academia, and the establishment of anon-governmental organization,Craighead worked diligently toimprove communication on theimportance of wildlife management.

Craighead received his A.B. in sciencefrom Pennsylvania State University in1939 and his M.S. in ecology andwildlife management from theUniversity of Michigan in 1940. In1937, at the age of 21, he co-authoredhis first book, entitled Hawks in theHand and first article in NationalGeographic entitled Adventures withBirds of Prey. During World War IIhe served as a Lieutenant in the U.S.Armed Forces and developed the NavalSurvival Training Program. Hispublication How to Survive on Landand Sea became the Navy�s survivalmanual and led to a special citationfrom the Secretary of Defense.

Following the war, Craighead receivedhis Ph.D. in vertebrate ecology fromthe University of Michigan and in 1952accepted the position of Leader of theMontana Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit and Professor ofZoology and Forestry at the Universityof Montana in Missoula, where heserved for 25 years. Many knewCraighead, and his twin brother Frank,for their pioneering research on

grizzlies in Yellowstone National Parkfrom 1959 to 1971, which wascaptured by a series of NationalGeographic television specials that tooktheir research into the living rooms ofmillions of ordinary people. This workset new standards of excellence in thestudy of large mammalian carnivoresand pioneered the application oftelemetry. In 1978, after leaving theUniversity of Montana, Craigheadfounded and became the ExecutiveDirector of the Wildlife-WildlandsInstitute in Montana, also serving asPresident and Chairman of the Board.

David RDavid RDavid RDavid RDavid R. Klein. Klein. Klein. Klein. Klein 1999 1999 1999 1999 1999David Klein�s name has becomesynonymous with conservation andmanagement of wildlife in the Artic.He helped lead the fight for theconservation and wise management ofnatural resources on the TongassNational Forest in southeast Alaska,and on the Arctic National WildlifeRefuge along Alaska�s Arctic coast.

Before beginning his wildlife career,Klein served his country in the Navyduring both World War II and theKorean War. He earned his B.S. in1951 from the University ofConnecticut where he majored inZoology/Wildlife. An M.S. in WildlifeManagement followed in 1953 from theUniversity of Alaska. The Universityof British Columbia awarded Klein hisPhD in Zoology/Ecology in 1963.

Klein began his professional career in1955 as a Wildlife Research Biologistwith the Fish and Wildlife Service inPetersburg, Alaska. He joined theAlaska Department of Game and Fishin 1959 and served that organizationuntil 1962 when he rejoined the Fishand Wildlife Service and becameLeader of the Alaska Cooperative Fishand Wildlife Unit. He held this positionuntil 1991. In 1992, he became SeniorScientist at the National BiologicalService�s Cooperative Fish andWildlife Unit at the University ofAlaska, Fairbanks. He held thisposition until 1997, when he becameProfessor Emeritus with the Instituteof Arctic.

Throughout his career, Dr. Klein hasmade important contributions toscience. His article on the increase andcrash of the St. Mathews� reindeerpopulation has become a classic, as hashis Ecological Monograph on theecology of deer in Alaska. Likewise,his international reputation has resultedfrom studies on caribou and muskoxecology in Denmark, Greenland,Norway, and Siberia. He also studiedungulates in South Africa. Hecontinues to be a productive researcherand scientist with more than 120technical publications, mostly in peer-reviewed journals.

Gary C. WhiteGary C. WhiteGary C. WhiteGary C. WhiteGary C. White 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000Gary C. White brought thesophisticated tools of mathematicalmodeling, population estimation, andsurvival analysis to the forefront ofwildlife research and management. Hiswork on ungulate population dynamicshas not only provided a showcaseexample of how to conductexperimental field research, but alsohas given new insights into some ofthe most fundamental concepts inwildlife population dynamics, such asdensity-dependent and compensatoryresponses.

Born in 1948, White grew up on anIowa farm. In 1970 he received a B.S.in Fisheries and Wildlife Biology fromIowa State. In 1972 he received hisM.S. in Wildlife Biology from theUniversity of Maine and in 1976 hisPh.D. in Zoology from Ohio State.After a year of post-doctoral researchwith the Utah Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit, he moved to LosAlamos National Laboratory, where hewas a scientist in the EnvironmentalScience group until 1984. That yearhe accepted a position at Colorado StateUniversity as a professor of wildlifebiology in the Department of Fisheryand Wildlife.

As the architect of such softwareprograms as CAPTURE, SURVIVE,RELEASE, AND MARK, White hasmade invaluable tools available to allwildlife biologists that have enabledresearchers and managers to testcomplex hypotheses about wildlifepopulations. Dr. White has co-authored

some 90 refereed scientific papers, 2books, and 40 technical papers. Inhonor of his achievements in the field,Iowa State University has establishedthe Gary White Fisheries and WildlifeBiology Award, an annual award givento an undergraduate who showspromise for graduate study in fisheriesand wildlife biology or ecology, witha particular interest in quantitativestudy.

John WJohn WJohn WJohn WJohn W. Mumma. Mumma. Mumma. Mumma. Mumma 2001 2001 2001 2001 2001At the age of 32, John W. Mummacreated new opportunities for wildlifebiologists to influence federal agencymanagement when he became the firstwildlife biologist to serve as a forestsupervisor. Early in his career, hedeveloped a reputation for adeptlyfostering partnerships with otherdisciplines and with an array ofconservation organizations toeffectively accomplish shared goals.

Born in 1939 and raised in Farmington,New Mexico, Mumma received hisundergraduate training at Fort LewisCollege in Colorado and at theUniversity of New Mexico. He didgraduate work at Oregon State andColorado State University. Mummabegan his professional wildlife careerin 1964 with the U.S. Forest Serviceas wildlife and range staff officer onthe San Juan National Forest inColorado. In 1988, he became the firstwildlife biologist in the history of theForest Service to serve as RegionalForester, a position he held for over 3years.

After a period of employment as aconsultant, he was appointed Directorof the Colorado Division of Wildlifein 1995. As a first order of businesshe faced the challenge of implementinga major reorganization of that agency.Among the accomplishments of theColorado Division of Wildlife duringhis tenure were the completion of thelargest wildlife habitat acquisition inthe history of the agency in cooperationwith the Rocky Mountain Elk

Foundation, reintroduction of the lynxto Colorado, aggressive managementto thwart whirling disease in trout, andconstruction of a hatchery devoted topropagation of native fish species.

John would often providecopies of Aldo Leopold�sA Sand County Almanacto his staff and associates.

RRRRRollin D. Sparroweollin D. Sparroweollin D. Sparroweollin D. Sparroweollin D. Sparrowe 2002 2002 2002 2002 2002Rollin D. Sparrowe is recognized as aleader in translating science intoeffective conservation policy. Over a35-year record of federal and non-governmental service, he has been ascientist, professor, federal resourcemanager, and a president of a nationalconservation organization, butforemost, he has always served as aspokesman for the principles of soundwildlife management.

Sparrowe received his undergraduatedegree from Humboldt State Universityin 1964 and went on to receive amaster�s degree from South Dakota anda doctorate from Michigan StateUniversity. After completing hisdoctoral studies, Sparrowe joined theFish and Wildlife Service for a careerthat spanned 22 years. He began hisfederal career as an assistant leader ofthe Missouri Cooperative WildlifeResearch Unit. He progressed tobecome Chief of the Division ofCooperative Research Units, Chief ofthe Division of Wildlife Research,Chief of the Office of Migratory BirdManagement, and finally DeputyAssistant Director for Refuges andWildlife. He left the Fish and WildlifeService in 1991 to become Presidentof the Wildlife Management Institute,retiring in 2004.

Sparrowe was involved in theimplementation of the North AmericanWaterfowl Management Plan, assistedin negotiating amendments to theMigratory Bird Treaty with Canada,

and played a role in the implementationof Adaptive Harvest Management forsetting waterfowl seasons. He hasworked with many conservationcoalitions, including Teaming WithWildlife, the Cooperative Alliance ForRefuge Enhancement, the NorthAmerican Bird Conservation Initiative,and the American WildlifeConservation Partners. Sparrowe wasalso a founding Board Member of theTheodore Roosevelt ConservationPartnership.

Nova J. SilvyNova J. SilvyNova J. SilvyNova J. SilvyNova J. Silvy 2003 2003 2003 2003 2003Nova Silvy�s work with the endangeredAttwater�s Prairie Chicken exemplifieshis ability to blend science,conservation, management, andeducation. Over the past 30 years Silvyhas not only conducted high-qualityresearch on the species, he authoredthe first Recovery Plan for the U.S.Fish & Wildlife Service, fought forresearch funding, educated audiencesabout the plight of the bird, and withthe help of his students constructed acaptive breeding facility.

Born in Missouri, Silvy developed alove for wildlife walking the fields andstreams during his youth in Missouri,eastern Oregon, and Kansas. He beganhis academic career in electricalengineering but realized his true lovewas wildlife and completed both abachelor�s and master�s degree inwildlife from Kansas State University.He went on to complete his doctorateat Southern Illinois University, doinghis research in the Florida Keys.

Developing future wildlifers hasalways been one of Silvy�s passions.He has mentored more than 25 doctoraland 39 master�s degree students overhis career and advised more than 325undergraduate students. Thisdedication to education has beenrecognized with seven Professor of theYear Awards, a Vice-Chancellor�saward for excellence in graduateteaching, a university-wide award fordistinguished performance in teaching,student counseling, and student

relations, and an Educator of the Yearaward by a state chapter.

While student education and mentoringoccupy a great deal of time, Silvy hasalso maintained an active researchprogram that has advanced the state ofour knowledge for two endangeredspecies. He has also published morethan 125 articles and received the BestPaper Award from a local chapter threetimes indicating this research wasexceptional in quality as well asquantity.

David RDavid RDavid RDavid RDavid R. Anderson. Anderson. Anderson. Anderson. Anderson 2004 2004 2004 2004 2004David R. Anderson was one of the firstto bring concepts from theoreticalecology and decision theory to thewildlife field in his groundbreakingresearch into population abundance.His 1975 paper in Ecology developedthe basis for the management strategiesadopted by the U.S. Fish and WildlifeService for continent-wide waterfowlharvest in the early 1990s.

Anderson received his B.S. in WildlifeManagement in 1964 and his M.S. inWildlife Biology in 1967, both fromColorado State University. He went onto receive his Ph.D. from theUniversity of Maryland in 1974 inTheoretical Ecology.

In the early 1990s, when waterfowlmanagement was in a state of acrimonycaused by the droughts of the 1980sand 20 years of restrictive harvestregulations, Anderson provided themechanism, now known as adaptiveharvest management, which putnational waterfowl management backon its feet. Throughout the 1990s, heprovided leadership to the ongoingstatus reviews of the northern spottedowl, regularly winning awards andacclaim from his employers in theDepartment of the Interior. And adecade earlier he was dispatched toAustralia to develop crucialinformation, from both scientific anddiplomatic perspectives, regardingexploitation of three kangaroo specieswhose status was at issue between theU.S. and Australia.

Over a career that has spanned morethan 40 years, 18 years as the leaderof the Colorado Cooperative Fish &Wildlife Research Unit, Anderson hassystematically re-written the basis forhow wildlife populations are measuredand interpreted. He has written orcontributed to 14 books andmonographs that have transformed anddefined how populations estimates arecollected, from line-transects to mark-recapture processes, and he hascollected 4 Publication of the Yearawards from The Wildlife Society.

E. Charles MeslowE. Charles MeslowE. Charles MeslowE. Charles MeslowE. Charles Meslow 2005 2005 2005 2005 2005A greater lover of floating the PacificNorthwest�s free-flowing rivers, E.Charles Meslow is best known for hiswork regarding management of old-growth forests in the PacificNorthwest. Working on controversialissues surrounding species like thenorthern goshawk, northern spottedowl, marbled murrelet, and the red treevole, Meslow has a knack for bringingpeople together and helping them reachconsensus without feeling they havecompromised their principles.

Born in Wakegan, Illinois in 1937,Meslow graduated from the Universityof Minnesota in 1959 with a B.S. inFish and Wildlife Management. Nextcame a stint in the U.S. Navy servingas an Operations Officer in the Pacific.In 1962, deciding that life on the highseas was not for him, Meslow returnedto school, earning an M.S. in WildlifeManagement from the University ofMinnesota and a Ph.D. in WildlifeEcology and Zoology from theUniversity of Wisconsin, Madison.Meslow began his professional careeras an Assistant Professor of Zoologyand Veterinary Science at NorthDakota State University. In 1971 hemoved to the Oregon CooperativeWildlife Research Unit, serving asAssistant Leader until 1975 and asLeader from 1975 until 1994. In 1994he became the Northwest RegionalRepresentative of the WildlifeManagement Institute, a position heheld until 1999.

Meslow played an important role in,and gained notoriety during, the�spotted owls/old-growth wars� in the1990s when he served on theInteragency Scientific Committeecharged with developing options forthe management of federal lands inOregon and Washington that addressedthe conservation needs of the NorthernSpotted Owl. He was also a memberof the Endangered Species CommitteeTeam that provided information to the�God Squad.� His knowledge aboutand devotion to wildlife resulted insignificant changes in forestmanagement in the western U.S.

SPONSORSThe following organizations contributed to the research, writing,

design, and printing of this commemorative brochure.

THE ALDO LEOPOLD FOUNDATION

Fostering the land ethic through the legacyof Aldo Leopold

P.O. Box 77Baraboo, WI 53913(608) 355-0279www.aldoleopold.org

In 1982, Leopold�s children, Starker, Luna, Nina, Carl, and Estella, all respectedconservationists themselves, established the Aldo Leopold Foundation in responseto the growing interest in their father�s legacy. For more than twenty years, theAldo Leopold Foundation has promoted the care of natural resources and fosteredan ethical relationship between people and land.

Aldo Leopold viewed the land ethic as a product of social evolution, formingin the minds of a thinking community. Accordingly, the Foundation worksdaily to nurture that evolution through its mission: �Fostering the land ethicthrough the legacy of Aldo Leopold.� As the primary advocate and interpreterof the Leopold legacy, the Foundation manages the original Leopold farm andnow-famous shack, serves as the executor of Leopold�s literary estate, and actsas a clearinghouse for information regarding Aldo Leopold, his work, and hisideas. The shack, a re-built chicken coop along the Wisconsin River where theLeopold family stayed during weekend retreats, continues to serve as the heartof the Foundation�s programs. Each year, thousands of visitors are inspiredthrough tours, seminars, and workshops in the same landscape that deeply movedLeopold.

Our educational outreach programs help people understand and accept theirresponsibility for the health of the land. Our stewardship initiatives and researchprograms encourage ecological and ethical use of private and public land, andpromote an understanding of the total land community. Leopold�s words havestirred many to a personal ecological awareness. The Foundation�s goal is toshare the legacy of Aldo Leopold and to awaken an ecological conscience in thepeople of our nation. As long as we care about people, land, and the connectionsbetween them, we have hope for sustainable ecosystems, sustainable economies,and sustainable communities.

THE NATIONAL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER

U.S. Fish & Wildlife ServiceNational Conservation Training Center698 Conservation WayShepherdstown, WV 25443(304) 876 7263

The National Conservation Training Center trains and educates natural resourcemanagers to accomplish our common goal of conserving fish, wildlife, plants,and their habitats. As the �home of the Fish and Wildlife Service,� NCTCbrings exceptional training and education opportunities to Service employeesand others.

NCTC is a gathering place where conservation professionals from all sectorscan learn together in an environment especially designed for them. Government,non-profit organizations, and corporations can come together in a non-threatening, collaborative setting to learn new skills, share perspectives, breakdown barriers, establish networks, find common ground, and move towardfield-based solutions built on consensus and mutual interest.

Located approximately 75 miles from Washington, D.C., the NCTC campusprovides full-service residential facilities, complemented by professional staff,cutting-edge programs and curricula, and the most advanced technology available.

THE WILDLIFE SOCIETYExcellence in wildlife stewardship throughscience and education

5410 Grosvenor LaneBethesda, MD 20814(301) 897-9770www.wildlife.org

The Wildlife Society (TWS), founded in 1937, is an international organizationof wildlife professionals and students dedicated to excellence in wildlifestewardship through science and education. For nearly 70 years, The WildlifeSociety has worked to improve wildlife conservation by advancing the scienceof wildlife management, promoting continuing education of wildlifeprofessionals, and advocating for science-based wildlife policy.

Society publications are considered the definitive source of information on wildlifescience and conservation practices, and are sought out by professionals andstudents alike. Our certification program constitutes official recognition that a

wildlife biologist meets the Society�s rigorous standards for education,experience, and ethics. The primary objective of the program is to provide thepublic, private clients, and employers with access to qualified professionalsand reliable advice in matters concerning wildlife resources. The Society�spopular annual conference is an important forum for networking and continuingeducation for those active in wildlife conservation. Its diverse and compellingtopics regularly attract 1500 to 2000 people. The Society�s 50 chapters, 90student chapters, and15 working groups provide our 8,200 members with manyopportunities for involvement in TWS activities.

Through our wildlife policy program, The Society is recognized as a key playerin influencing wildlife legislation, agency regulations, and conservation initiativesaffecting the pressing wildlife issues of today including: sustainable use of wildlifeand ecosystems, management of public lands, conservation on private lands,recovery of endangered species, restoration of degraded habitats, andmanagement of abundant wildlife. Membership in TWS provides opportunitiesto network, learn, grow professionally, influence wildlife policy, and reach outinternationally. Please join us!