REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS 8-3 20CD/0076.JPG

REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

8-3

http://www.science.siu.edu/plant-biology/PLB117/JPEGs%20CD/0076.JPG

http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html

REMEMBER BIO 1http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

Remember from CELL BIO

Enzymes for PHOTOSYNTHESIS are in the ________________CHLOROPLASTS


See a video clip about the LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTION

(Part 1) 8C

PHOTOSYNTHESIS HAPPENS IN CHLOROPLASTS

= sac-like

photosynthetic = stack of thylakoids

membranes

inside chloroplast

THYLAKOIDSGRANUM (pl. grana)

Image from BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

SPACESTHYLAKOIDSPACE

STROMA

cytoplasm


Gel-filled spaceInside the thylakoid

sac

Gel-filled space inside

chloroplast surrounding

thylakoid sac

Gel-filled space OUTSIDE chloroplast but inside the cell membrane

PHOTOSYNTHESIS HAPPENS IN CHLOROPLASTS

Proteins that are part of the thylakoid

membrane organize

________________________________ into clusters called _____________________PHOTOSYSTEMS


Light absorbing PIGMENTS

LIVING THINGS NEED ENERGY CARRIERS

Molecule that carries

= _______

Molecule that carries HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS

= ___________

ATP

NADP+

Images by Riedell

________ + _____ + _____ → ____________

HIGH ENERGY ELECTRONS require a special carrier, too

____________ is one

of the carriers that

cells use to transport

high energy electrons.

NADP+

2 e- H+

_______= nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate

Frying pan image from: BIOLOGY by Miller and Levine; Prentice Hall Publishing©2006

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Light-Dependent Reaction

Light-Independent

Reactions

Light & Water

Oxygen

ATP

NADPH

LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS

PHOTOSYSTEM II

ATP SYNTHASE

↓

↓

PHOTOSYSTEM I

ELECTRON TRANSPORTSYSTEM

↓INSIDE THYLAKOID SPACE

OUTSIDE THYLAKOID IN STROMAImage modified from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

PHOTOSYSTEM II

It was discovered and named 1st

↓

↓

PHOTOSYSTEM I

WHY DOES PHOTOSYSTEM II COME BEFORE PHOTOSYSTEM I?

Image modified from: Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

See a video clip about the LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTION

(Part 2) 8D

Molecules moveautomatically from“where there’s A

LOT” to “where there’s

NOT”

Animatioin from: http://www.biologycorner.com/resources/diffusion-animated.gif

REMEMBER CELL BIO

http://www.newtonswindow.com/problem-solving.htm

REMEMBER CELL BIO

Diffusion happens anytime there is a difference in concentration in one place compared to another

= ________________________CONCENTRATION GRADIENT


REMEMBER CELL BIO

…as long as membrane will let molecule through

Diffusion can happen across membranes TOO


LIGHT-DEPENDENT REACTIONS

See an animation about the ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Pearson Prentice Hall

SEE A MOVIEATP SYNTHASEIN ACTION

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/metabolism/atpsyn1.sw

http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flashanimat/metabolism/photosynthesis.swf

LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTIONRequires ______________

Molecules are part of ________________

Made up of __________________

connected by ______________________

& ___________________

Uses light energy to change

ADP + P → _______

NADP+ + 2e- + H + → _________

Breaks apart ______ molecules and releases _____________

LIGHT

ATP

THYLAKOID membranes

PHOTOSYSTEMS II & I ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

NADPHH20

oxygen

ATP SYNTHASE

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Light-Dependent Reaction

Light-IndependentReactions

CALVIN CYCLE

Light & Water

Oxygen

ATP

NADPH

Carbon Dioxide (CH2O)n

PHOTOSYNTHESIS OVERVIEW

Pearson Education Inc; Publishing as Prentice Hall

Go to Section:

Click the image to play the video segment.

Calvin Cycle (8E)

CO2 Enters the Cycle

Energy Input

5-CarbonMoleculesRegenerated

Sugars and other compounds

6-Carbon SugarProduced

Calvin Cycle

See Calvin cycleanimation

CALVIN CYCLE (also called _________________________)

____________ require ____________

Happens in _________ between thylakoidsNADPH donates _______________

ATP donates _________________

CO2 donates ______________ to make __________

LIGHT

LIGHT INDEPENDENT

ENERGY

STROMAHydrogen + electrons

Carbon & oxygenGLUCOSE

http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html

DOES NOT

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis____________________

Water is one of the raw materials needed, so

A shortage of water can ________________

photosynthesis

AMOUNT OF WATER

http://www.hononegah.org/departments/Anderson/cactus.JPG

Desert plants and conifers that live in dry conditions have a waxy coating on their leaves to prevent water loss.

slow or stop

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis enzymes function best between 0° C - 35° C

At temperatures above or below

this range, photosynthesis will slow or stop

Conifers in winter may carry outphotosynthesis only occasionally

TEMPERATURE

http://www.sustland.umn.edu/maint/images/evergreen10.jpg

Enzymes work BEST at a certain ___ and __________.

Conditions that are TOO ACIDIC

or TOO HOT cause proteins to unwind or _________

pH temperature

DENATURE

http://www.desktopfotos.de/Downloads/melt_cd.jpg http://www.nealbrownstudio.com/adm/photo/163_nb_fried_egg.jpg

REMEMBER CELL BIO

Denaturing changes the shape of the enzyme making it not work

Image from:http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/BioBookCHEM2.html

HOMEOSTASIS (keeping pH and temperature constant) is important for maintaining enzyme function.

Factors that Affect Photosynthesis

____________________

More light increases rate of photosynthesis

up to a certain level until plant reaches its

maximum rate of photosynthesis

LIGHT INTENSITY

See effect of light experiment

http://206.173.89.42/REALTYWITHALOHA_COM/piphoto/funny%20sun%20with%20sunglasses.gif

http://www.teachnet.ie/foneill/exper.htm

THE BIG PICTURE

PHOTOSYNTHESIS provides

the _____________ we breathe

and the __________

heterotrophs (like us)

consume to survive

_____________ + ____________ _______________ + ____________

Carbondioxide WATER Sugars Oxygen

OXYGEN

sugars

Go to Section:

Photosynthesis

includes

of

take place intakes place in uses

to produce to produce

use

Section 8-3

Concept Map

Go to Section:

Photosynthesis

includes

of

take place intakes place in uses

to produce to produce

use

Light-dependentreactions

Calvin cycle

Thylakoidmembranes Stroma NADPHATPEnergy from

sunlight

ATP NADPH O2 Chloroplasts High-energysugars

Section 8-3

Concept Map

Documents

REACTIONS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS 8-3 20CD/0076.JPG