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Experiment 6: Reaction of Amines

Chemicals:

• Butylamine

• Aniline

• Ethanoic acid

• Acetic acid anhydride

• Dilute NaOH

• Dilute HCL

• henolphthalein indicator

• Bromothymol !lue indicator

• Ben"oyl chloride

Apparatus :

• #$%& test tu!e

• '#& mL !ea(er

• %&& mL !ea(er

• Blue and red litmus paper

• Hot plate

Procedure:

)%*

%+ ,-o test tu!es -ere prepared -hich contained &+# mL of aniline in each+

 ,hen. % mL of distilled -ater -as added in each of the test tu!e+'+ ,-o drops of phenolphthalein -as added into the /rst test tu!e and ' drops

of !romothymol !lue -as added into the second tu!e+0+ ,he test -as repeated usin1 %$amino!utane

)'*%+ 0 mL of diluted HCl -as added to % mL of phenylamine in a test tu!e+ 2n

another test tu!e. 0 mL of distilled -ater -as added to % mL of

phenylamine+ ,he solu!ility of phenylamine in dilute HCl -as o!ser3ed as

compared to solu!ility in -ater+'+ 2n the test tu!e containin1 HCl and phenylamine. diluted NaOH -as added

little !it at a timeto the solution until it -as al(aline to red litmus paper+

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)0*%+ % mL of phenylamine -as dissol3ed -ith 0 mL of acetic acid in a dried test

tu!e+ ' mL acetic anhydride -as added and the reactant mixture -as

sha(en 3i1orously+

'+ ,he mixture -as poured into '& mL ice$cold -ater in a !ea(er+

)4*%+ &+# mL of phenylamine -as dissol3ed in &+# mL -ater in a test tu!e+ &+#

mL !romine -ater -as added and the test tu!e -as sha(en+ ,he addition

of &+# mL !romine -ater -as repeated until there -as physical chan1e

occurs+

)#*%+ # mL of diluted NaOH -as added to % mL of phenylamine and the tu!e

-as sha(en 3i1orously for a minute+'+ % mL !en"oyl chloride -as added5 the mouth of the test tu!e -as co3ered

-ith ru!!er stopper and 3i1orously sha(en for t-o minutes+ ,he mixture

-as cooled do-n

Result:

Conclusion :

1. Reaction with phenolphthalein and bromothymol blue$ % amino!utane$ color chan1es to mar1enta )!aseal(ali* $phenolphthalein

indicator$ Remain !lue in color ) !ase* 7 !romothymol !lue

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$ Aniline 7 color chan1es to yello- $phenolphthalein$ Remain !lue )!ase* 7 !romothymol !lue

2. Solubility of phenylamine in dilute HCL and eect of addin! thedilute "a#H$ 8li1htly solu!le in -ater$ Dissol3e free in dilute HCL$ A solution of salt formed$phenyl ammonium chloride

$. Reaction of phenylamine with acetic anhydride in the precense of

acetic acid$ Crystal formed$ Bro-n color chan1es to !ri1hter color

%. Reaction of aniline with bromine water$ Bromine -ater decolourised$ 9hite precipitate formed$ recipitate '.4.6$tri!rophenylamine

&. Reaction of phenylamine in "a#H 'a() with *en+oyl chloride

$ester is produced -ith the presence of !en"oyl chloride

,uestion

%+ 9hat ma(e amines -ea( !ase and a!le to form salts -ith mineral acids ;$

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