Ravi Raina

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Module 4E-Government , Systems Architecture, E-GIF , E-Services and related subjects

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Objectives of Module 4 To enhance the knowledge of the CIOs on the basic

concepts, techniques and tools for E-Government development and deployment including E-GIF, E-Services and BPR in the context of the E-Government Programme of the Government of Iraq

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ScopeE-Government & Public Sector Management

Concepts E-Government Development and DeploymentE-ServicesE-Government Systems ArchitectureE-Government Interoperability FrameworkBusiness Process Mapping and Re-engineering

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Public Sector Management andE-Governance

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Management Concepts Planning ( Goal setting etc) Resource Allocation Decision Making Monitoring and Control Nature of Management Process

Strategic -------- Policies and Strategies

Tactical -------- Operational Plans Operations --------- Services and Products

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Organizational Structure and Management Processes

OrganizationalStructure

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Top ManagementStrategic Management

Middle Managers Tactical Management

Staff Operational Management

Information Vs Decision Making

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Management Level

Volume of Information required

Aggregation Required

Frequenc

y

Currenc

y

Top

Management

Low High Low Low

Middle

Management

Medium Medium Medium Medium

Operational

Management

High Low High High

Management Performance Vs Information Availability

Management Performance

INFORMATION AVAILABILITY

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Public Sector Management Process

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Management Information System

Strategic Business Processes

Operational Business Processes

Public Service Delivery

Applications

Content / Doc. Repositories / Data warehouses

Decision Support System

Content Management System

Traditional Bureaucratic Government Structure : Pyramidal TOP to Down

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Organizational StructureEnterprise Start Up Flat OrganizationsFlexi-project type Bureaucratic – Pyramidal Matrix

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Organizational CulturePersonality of an Organization Value SystemCommunication and participationDegree of FlexibilityAttitude Ethics and Norms

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Traditional Government Agency Structure

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Traditional Government Structure :Characteristic

TOP DOWNNO or LIMITED LATERAL CONNECTIVITYLIMITED COLLABORATIONINFORMATION FLOW PREDOMINANTLY VERTICLECUSTOMER HAS NO PLACE: WHY?RULES BOUNDCULTURE: AUTHORITARIAN

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Traditional Government MandateENACTING & IMPLEMENTING LAWSTAX COLLECTIONSECURITYLAW AND ORDER MAINTENANCENATIONAL DEFENCE

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Traditional Government Information Flow

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Present Day: Government Mandate ENACTING & IMPLEMENTING LAWSTAX COLLECTIONSECURITYLAW AND ORDER MAINTENANCENATIONAL DEFENCEPoverty EradicationSocial DevelopmentEnhancing balanced Economic DevelopmentPromote Transparency Accountability and DemocracyBetter Service to public, efficient and cost effective

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Customer Centric Vs Production Centric

A concept taken from commercial worldProduction centric suitable in shortage infested

environmentMarket OrientationCustomer is the boss in customer centric so start from there.

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E-Government Concepts and Tools

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It is not Computerizing the Existing Government

Processes. It is not digitizing the files and documents of the

Government.E-Government = TechnologyE-Government = Government ( Change management and Transformation )

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E-Government: What it is not

Optimal application of technology for Governance

OptimalityBeing just right. Taking the system to the point of optimality at which the outcomes are maximized per unit of input

GovernanceEstablishment of ideal government that is Inclusive Integrated Citizen Centric

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OUTPUTS

INPUTS

TECH 1

TECH 2

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

01

23 Points of Optimality

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Target GoalGovernance System Optimization

Processes and Systems People Technology Structure

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Technology

Structure

Process People

PEOPLE WITHIN THE GOVERNMENT

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Attitudes

Work Culture and Practices

SKILLSLaw Enforcement Agent Knowledge workers

Attitudes

SKILLS

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Participation information sharing

Life Style Change

Disconnected Isolated Communities

Interconnected knowledge Society

PEOPLE WITHIN THE SOCIETY

From Bureaucratic »

From Fragmented »

From authoritarian »

From closed »

Intuition / guess work »

Citizen CentricIntegrated

Transformation in Government

Transparent

Informed decision making

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Service Oriented Participatory & Democratic

Manual Operation »

Manual Data storage »

Automated

Electronic Media for data storage

Use of computers and other data manipulation devices for information management and wide use of electronic voice and data communication

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Developed Countries Canada Ireland SingaporeSouth Korea UK Australia USA DenmarkNew Zealand (Indicative List)

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Developing Countries ( Middle Income Countries)

Malaysia Botswana Egypt India Thailand Maldives Brazil Georgia Vietnam ( Indicative List)

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

Developing Countries Ethiopia Afghanistan Iraq Rwanda East Timor Bangladesh Laos PDR Bhutan Nepal Sri Lanka Mozambique ( Indicative List)

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

Developing Countries ( in our neighborhood)

Azerbaijan Afghanistan Uzbekistan Tajikistan UAE Iran Bahrain

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Where is E-Gov. being Adopted

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Traditional Vs E –Government Traditional Vs E –Government Use of ResourcesLow High

InfrastructureFragmented Integrated

Cost of ServiceHigh Low

Speed of ServiceMonths/Days

Hours/Minute

ROILow High

TransparencyLow High

ParticipationLow High

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Traditional Vs E –Government Traditional Vs E –Government

To be part of the emerging global knowledge based economy and society. Make international e-commerce possible. Interaction with the developing e- governments worldwide. Accelerate social and Economic development through globalization

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Global Imperatives for E-Government

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Communication & ICT Infrastructure / SecurityCommunication & ICT Infrastructure / Security

Training and Skill Development Training and Skill Development

Framework for Development & Deployment

E-ServicesGovernment to Government G2GGovernment to Business G2BGovernment to Citizen G2C

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Automated Government Processes

Electronic Exchange of documents and EDMS/ CONTENT management./

Knowledge Management

Collaboration :chatting and emailing and video and voice conferencing.

B-Process and work flow integration

Information sharing and integration-EII

Electronic information searching across the enterprise.

Government Payroll and Personnel Management online

Government HRM and Development including Training.

Government Financial Management

Government Strategic Planning and Operational Decision .MIS and DSS.

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Improved Public Health Administration Better monitoring and management of public health through an integrated national Health Information System. Better control of and monitoring of epidemics and spread of disease (HIV, Malaria, Swine Flue) Public Health Information dissemination quickly and fast training of Health Workers on line Telemedicine and e-health service through linking of lower level health centers with higher level referral Hospitals. Better Health Centre and Hospital Management

One of the priority areas-National Dev Plan of Iraq 2010-1014

Gov. Information available on line at the government web sites Government Forms available on line for easy downloading Registration of birth and death on line Land records management and information Drivers Licensing application on line Business Registration and trade licensing on line Application for Customs clearance on line. Application for Passport on line Application admission to government education institutions on line Information broadcasting electronically and disaster management. Electronic government payments Citizen grievance registration and follow upDelivery of critical information to specialized citizen groupsDelivery of extension and training services

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Automated Financial management and Accounting Systems.

Automated Auditing Systems

E-Procurement

E-Recruitment.

E-Inventory and materials management.

Automated HR and Payroll system

Citizen and Business E-Services

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Delivery of formal and information education on lineDelivery of life long learning through career courses onlineDelivery of Basic Education to remote areas though virtual

schools.Public Education and National HR management based on

sound skill and education and HR information.Better management of public schools and educational

institutions.

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Education of the priority areas-National Dev Plan of Iraq 2010-1014

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Provision of soil information Provision of agronomy and agriculture extension services Provision of animal husbandry services Provision of weather information Provision of Agriculture market information. Provision of agriculture pricing information. Provision of sub-soil water resource information. Rural Credit Management Development of Rural Enterprise –information

Agriculture one of the priority areas-National Dev Plan of Iraq 2010-1014

Land Information management system

Land use mapping and planning

Forest Information data base and information system

Water and other Natural resource information systems

Dissemination of environment information.

Environment modeling and research support.

Monitoring emissions and air pollutants

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E-Government Developments and

Systems Architecture-Iraq

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Iraq- E-Government Vision Iraq harnesses ICT tools to improve basic services to all

and to promote all-round good governance, including increased public participation, better social equity and justice as well as a general enhancement of the transparency and effectiveness of public institutions in order to build the necessary platform for a competitive, robust and knowledge-based economy. 

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E-Government Strategic Goals Goal 1: Strengthen the interaction between citizens and the

state to enhance participation of civil society in public affairs and promote social inclusion.

Goal 2: Disseminate and promote the new e-Governance services within the provinces so that all citizens have access to them on an equal opportunity standing.

Goal 3: Increase the capabilities and responsiveness of public institutions through the use of ICTs to achieve better governance and to enhance efficiency, transparency and accountability

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E-Government Strategic Goals Goal 4: Contribute to the development of a

favorable environment for sound economic growth

Goal 5: Foster the development of a knowledge based society and bridging the digital divide

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Iraq Government Priorities

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Achieve Security and stability

Reconstruction

Rehabilitation

Establish rule of law

Establish Governance Structure & Systems

Social and Economic Development ( Education, Health,

Agriculture)- (National Development Plan 2010-2014)

Strategic Focus-E-Government IraqAwareness raising and CommunicationHuman Capacity and ResourcesGovernment Interoperability, Standards and

Applications Organizational and cultural changeRegulatory framework Telecommunications infrastructureFinancial Resource ManagementMonitoring, Evaluation and AssessmentsConnecting services and citizenData and information systems

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Strategic Focus-E-Government Iraq

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E-Government -Sectoral Focus e-Health, e-Education, e-Municipal works and Local Government e-Personnel citizens

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N- Tier ( Multi Layer) Web Based ( Internet ) Service Oriented ( SOA)

Enterprise Application IntegrationEnterprise Information IntegrationMaximum Service Orientation

Optimized E-SERVICES

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FULFILMENT Back end applications and Data bases INTEGRATION

FRAMEWORK

other E Govt. Systems

Customer Interface

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High Level E-Government Systems Architecture

E-Government Architecture Model

E-Govt. Hub Agenc

y-3

Agency-4

Agency-5

Agency-6

Agency-1

Agency-2

Agency-6

Information

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Project Management at the Provincial Level- Systems Architecture

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Systems Architecture- E-Procurement

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E-Government Interoperability Framework (e GIF)

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Iraq e-GIF: Definitione-Governance interoperability, in its broad sense, is the

ability of constituencies to work together. At a technical level, it is the ability of two or more government information and communications technology (ICT) systems or components to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged to improve governance.

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Framework

Policies and guidelines Technical Standards Implementation and management guidelines

How is it different from National Standards and National Government Standards?

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Scope of e-GIF

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E-GIF

Business and Application

Access and Presentation

Network Standards

Information Security

E-GIF ARCHITECTURE

e-GIFPolicies & Guidelines

e-GIFTechnical Standards

e-GIF Implementation Management & Compliance

GovernmentMeta Data Standard

Controlled Subject Vocabulary English, Dari & Pashtu

Web ServicesAppl. Integrations

Data Exchange

Federal Government Ministries and Departments The office of the President and all its Departments .All provincial Government Ministries and all their subordinate

offices and departments.All offices of the Provincial Governors and its subordinate

officesAll government operated autonomous institutions.All local government entities and organsAll privately owned businesses and private entities that act as

subcontractors for the government must follow e-GIF in their upside links with the government owned systems.

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Applicability of e-GIF

Adoption of Open and Free standards

Reduction of Risk Durability Flexibility and interoperability Better Vendor Support: Lower Costs and Better ROI: International Standards

Internet and world wide web Extensible Markup Language (XML) Content and Document Management Delivery Channels Users with disabilities Information Security Maximize Participation

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E-GIF Major Policies

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E-Government Ministerial Committee

Interagency E-Government Working Groups

National E-Government Advisory Group

Change Management and Reorganization GroupGovernment Content Management & Metadata Group

Government Hardware & Network Standards Group

Government Data Exchange Standards Group

Government Web Service Standards Group

Government Information Security Group

Geospatial Data, Health, e-news

Government Business Application Standards Group

Accessibility and Presentation Standards Group

e-Business, eLearning, e-Government

Controlled Vocabulary

Government Metadata

E-GIF Implementation Framework

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Drafting& Revision Control

Publish for Consultation

Release for Use

Redrafting

Review

AcceptanceFormal Change Control

e-GIF-High Level Management Process

What is e-GIF ComplianceTest for ComplianceTimetable to achieve compliance.E-GIF Compliance Certification Authorized entities for compliance

certification

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E-GIF Compliance

Business Process Mapping and Re-engineering

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Business Process Concepts

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Business Processes

Activities and Actions

INPUTS OUTPUTS

Business Process Mapping

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Business Process Mapping Four Major Steps of Process MappingProcess identification .Information gatheringInterviewing and mappingAnalysis

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BPR Vs Process Improvement

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Process Improvement (TQM) versus Process Innovation (BPR)

Description Improvement Innovation

Level of Change Incremental Radical

Starting Point Existing Processes Clean Slate

Frequency of Change One time / Continuous One Time

Time Required Short Long

Participation Bottom Up Top Down

Typical Scope Narrow ( Within functions) Broad ( Cross Functional)

Risk Moderate High

Primary Enabler Statistical Control Information Technology

Type of Change Cultural Cultural/ Structural

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Develop the Business Vision and Process Objectives

BPR is driven by a business vision which implies specific business objectives such as Cost Reduction, Time Reduction, Output Quality / improvement,/Learning/Empowerment.

Identify the Processes to be Redesigned

Most firms use the High- Impact approach which focuses on the most important processes or those that conflict most with the business vision. Lesser number of firms use the Exhaustive approach that attempts to identify all the processes within an organization and then prioritize them in order of redesign urgency.

Understand and Measure the Existing Processes

For avoiding the repeating of old mistakes and for providing a baseline for future improvements

Identify IT Levers Awareness of IT capabilities can and should influence process

design

Design and Build a Prototype of the New Process

The actual design should not be viewed as the end of the BPR process. Rather, it should be viewed as a prototype, with successive iterations. The metaphor of prototype aligns the BPR approach with quick delivery of results, and the involvement and satisfaction of customers.

Approach & Methodology for BPR

BPR Methodology

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New TechnologiesTo enhance effectiveness and efficiency of E-GovernmentMobile TechnologiesCloud ComputingConvergence of Technologies- Shared Delivery Platform

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