Ramachandran Philippines Country Environmental Analysis 23 Mar 10

8/9/2019 Ramachandran Philippines Country Environmental Analysis 23 Mar 10

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Philippines Country EnvironmentalAnalysis

The Philippines

Environment and Natural

Resources Country Assessment

2nd Consultative Workshop

Mr. Pavit RamachandranAsian Development BankSouth East Asia Department

23 March , 2010


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Agenda

Context and Rationale

Key Messages so Far

Priority ANR Sector Focus Areas ADB Assistance Program ANR Sector

INREM as an Illustrative Example


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Context and Rationale

ADB and WB concluded CEAs in 2009

Key technical findings were to be translated intomessages for policy makers, wider set ofstakeholders

Forward looking and Strategic Orientation Inputsinto the MTPDP (2011-2016)

Mainstreaming environmental sustainability and

climate change considerations into thedevelopment agenda

ANR Sector Roadmap and CPS process


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Cross-Cutting Themes in the Two CEAs

Improving the Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) System

Shifting from sector-based to integrated ecosystem basedplanning and management

Sustaining forest management and biodiversity conservation

Increasing financing for environmental projects Improving and expanding the use of market based instruments

ENR concerns and poverty reduction

Completing the devolution of ENR functions to LGUs


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Devolution of NRM Key Imperatives

GoP program for rationalization of nationalgovernment sector agencies and devolutionto LGUs

Capacity requirements/constraints for soundNRM at LGU levels

Matching interventions to LGU fiscalcapacities

Augmenting IRA/budgetary transfers Integrated spatial planning vacuum at local

levels

LGU focus in dealing with natural disasters,

food security, climate change


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Legal BaseLGC mandates on the preparation of CLUP and CDP

Section 20(c), The local government units shall, inconformance with existing laws, continue to prepare theirrespective comprehensive land use plans enacted throughzoning ordinance which shall be the primary and dominant

bases for the future use of land uses.

Section 106, Each local government unit shall havecomprehensive multi-sectoral development plan to be initiatedby its development council and approved by its sanggunian.


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What is missing?

Tools and incentives to implement landscapeand seascape level NRM across LGUboundaries resource management plans;

corridor and buffer delineation; cross LGUfiscal transfers

Systematic and pragmatic assessment ofsustainable financing requirements (includingPES)

Incentives and Assurances for privateinvestments in Environment and NRM(industrial production forestry, andagroforestry, hydropower generation, et al)


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Adopting an Ecosystem Approach

54% of the land in the Philippines in mountainous areas

16.3 million hectares (ha) - has over 18% slope (termedupland)

68% of this upland area 5.2 million ha - has over 30% slope,

making the land base vulnerable to accelerated soil erosion. located within 19 major river basins, which cover a total land

area of about 11 million ha

5% Visayas 3 river basins

41% Mindanao 8 river basins

51% Luzon 8 river basins

90% of the watershed area within the river basins is currentlydegraded


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Consequences of Deforestation andWatershed Degradation

Adverse impacts on economic productivity in uplands, leading to increasedpoverty

Accelerated soil erosion - estimated soil loss of between 74 and 81 milliontons/yr

Reduced integrity of near shore coastal areas due to declining watershedintegrity and increasing pollution

Reduced reservoir storage capacity and life-spans

Upto 30% reduction in the served area of irrigation systems during dryseason

High costs on downstream infrastructure

roads, bridges, agricultural production, settlements, water supply

Positive impacts on GHG emissions


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Climate Change Mitigation and AdaptationClimate Change Mitigation and Adaptation

Climate proofing and adaptation in priority watershedsClimate proofing and adaptation in priority watersheds

addressing financial and technical capacity deficitsaddressing financial and technical capacity deficits

adaptive management strategies to reduce vulnerabilities ofadaptive management strategies to reduce vulnerabilities of

poor and marginal groupspoor and marginal groups

Improving efficiencies along CCImproving efficiencies along CC--food securityfood security--water interfacewater interface

quantifying ecosystem services by mixed production systemsquantifying ecosystem services by mixed production systems

resource utilization regimes (land & water management,resource utilization regimes (land & water management,

nutrient efficiencies)nutrient efficiencies)

Reducing carbon intensities/footprint and climate proofing ofReducing carbon intensities/footprint and climate proofing of

productive sector investmentsproductive sector investments

Policy enabling, regulatory and financial support forPolicy enabling, regulatory and financial support for

sustainable financing (PES/ecosustainable financing (PES/eco--compensation, REDD)compensation, REDD)


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ADB ANR Sector Portfolio (2010-2012)

Integrated Natural Resources Management($120 m, 2010);

Irrigation Systems Operation Efficiency

Improvement ($100 m, 2010); Comprehensive Development of the Agusan

River Basin ($100 m, 2011);

Rural Infrastructure Development ($100 m,

2012); Integrated Coastal Resources ManagementII

($100 m, 2012); and

Mindanao River Basins Development ($100

m, 2012)


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Strategic Investment Options

Investments dictated by intrinsic characteristics ofeach river basin

Options for investments determined through

science-based assessment of land capability andproduction/conservation potentials

Appropriate environmental protection and mitigationintegral to the design of such investment

Ensure stability of watersheds in the upper riverbasins

Supporting policy and institutional strengthening

measures

Climate change adaptation investments


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Moving to a Low Carbon (Green)Economy

Agriculture and natural sector as the catalyst for shifting to a green economy.

20% of GDP and almost40% of employment

70% of global freshwater use 13% of global GHG emissions come from agriculture

Forestry and land use change contribute about 68% of GHG emissions in thePhilippines

Key Ingredients:

Application of SEAs and similar approaches under the LGU code

Investments in greener and sustainable multifunctional agricultural systems organicfarming

Improving irrigation efficiency, including at farm level

Rural road (farm to market access)

Infrastructure for production, marketing and trade (especially in green inputs such asorganic fertilizers)

Payment for Ecosystem Services Piloting in Cordilliera, Chico River Basin


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THANK YOU!THANK YOU!

Documents

Ramachandran Philippines Country Environmental Analysis 23 Mar 10