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objective
To power a home bysolar(renewable)energy
Installing PV solarpanels for energy needin home
Producing our ownpower for our need
Producing power withvery low pollution
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Energy Demands?
Increase in energy demands on marketsReasons
industry development
increasing Population
Comfort living
electronics generation
depleting fossil fuels
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Going for Renewable
Depleting of Fossil fuels
Fossil fuels by current productionCoal-118 years
Oil - 46 years
Gas -59 years
Time to develop clean andsustainable power
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Types of Renewable energy
Renewable
Energy
Are
Here
Solar Wind
Hydro
Geo-Thermal Biomass
Tidal
OTEC & other EmergingTechnolo ies
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Reason to use renewable ener
Unpredictable increase in conventional fuel co Reduces negative impact on the environment
Cleaner production methods
No harmful by-products or pollutants
Promotes a clean atmosphere
Unlimited supplies
Smaller utility bills
Energy independence
C t f l
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Common types of solar energsystems
Photovoltaic Systems (PV) solar electric ceused to convert radiation from the sun into elThis can be used for homes and businesses.
Solar Thermal Systems for Heating Purposespanels collect radiation that is then used to h
or air. Solar Thermal-Electric Plants for Power Gene
solar collectors direct the suns heat so that f
heated to a point where it can generate enouto run an electricity-producing turbine
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Installation of PV solar syste
Step 1 is to calculate the daily Watt hour usage of each Step 2 is to add up the Watt hour results for all of our ap
will give the total daily Watt hours required.
Step 3 is to find the total battery capacity required byday Watt hour figure by 2. This way, we will only dischar
to about 50% capacity for increasing performance and b
Step 4 is to determine the number of solar panels we nestep we will divide our total daily Watt hours by our solawattage times the hours of sunshine.
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House appliancesRest room:Light 2->15w;washing machine 1->750w
Bed room:Light 1->15w;faCharger 1->4w
Kitchen:Mixer1->750w;light 1->15w;grinder 1->1200w;E fan 1->40w
Pooja hall:Light 1->15w;
Hall:Light 2->15w;fridge 1->600w;fan 1->60w;TV 1->100w;system 1->150w;dvd player 1->18w;Iron box 1->1100w
Bed room:Light 1->15w;ACCharger 1->4w
Corrider:
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Step:1 Calculations
Power = Energy / Time In particular, for electrical power we use the "Watt"
after the scientist James Watt)
The wattage of a listed/approved appliance can usufound near the AC power cord.
Sometimes only the voltage (120) and amps (examare given.
From ohms law P=E*I
P =120*1.5=180W
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Power calculation
Watt hour of the appliance=Watts*operating ho 1 kilo-watt hour (1 unit)= the energy delivered by
watts of power over a one hour time period.
Example:
If you leave a 100 watt light on for two hour, thenenergy you used was:
Energy = Power x Time
= (100 W) x 2 hours =200Wh
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Audit
appliance numbers Wattage(W) Workinghours Watthours(W h)
Light 2 15 6 180
Fan 1 60 8 480
Fridge 1 600 4 2400 TV 1 100 8 800
Dvd 1 18 3 54
Iron box 1 1100 1/2 550
system 1 150 2 300
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Auditappliance numbers Wattage(W
)
Operating
hours
Watt
hours(W h)
light 2 15 6 180
charger 2 4 1 8
AC 1 1500 4 6000
fan 1 55 8 440
light 1 15 6 90
Motorpump
1 1200 1 1200
light 1 15 1 15
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Audit
appliance numbers Wattage(W) Operatinghours Watthours(W h)
Mixer 1 750 10/60 125
grinder 1 1200 1/2 600
light 1 15 6 90E fan 1 40 1 40
Washingmachine
1 750 1/2 375
light 2 15 1 30
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Results in Watt hours
type Watt hoursHall 4764
Bed room 6628
Kitchen 855
Pooja room 15
Corridor 1290
Rest room 405
total 13957
Total Watt hours used per day(round
off)
14000
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Watt hour to be generated
Daily Watt hour used/needed=13957Wh So we have to generate for Watt hour con
losses in the system
System losses is about 20%-30%
Watt hour to be generated/day =(13957*30)/100+13957
=18144.1Wh
Watt hour(round off) =18000Wh/day
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Battery Watt hour calculation
Stores energy for supplying to electricalappliances when there is a demand.
Battery life and efficiency mainly depend
amount of discharge. 50% of discharge gives a maximum life
Therefore 18000 watts Hr *2 =36000 wa
So we want 36000 watt hour storage ba
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Battery Amp hour calculation
Batteries normally mention in amphours(Ah) rating with voltage rating of 12 V DC
Battery Ampere hours required (for 12V
=Watt hour/voltage
=36000/12=3000Ah
We require 3000Ah battery bank
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No of Battery
Normally batteries are available in Ah r40, 60, 80, 100 and 200. For better ecoselect 100Ah battery.
For easier portability, separation for
maintenance work ,exchange in case odamage
Number of batteries required= 3000/
=30 batteri
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Inverter selection Inverter to convert 12 VDC to 120 VAC.
Peak load for a day =( refrigerator+ AC +mixer + fan+ lig
=600 +1500 +750 + 60 + 15*2 + 100
=3040W
For safety, the inverter should be considered 25-30% big
Inverter size=(3040*(30/100)+3040)= 3942VA =4000VA
Taking 2 nos,2000VA inverter then configure them in pacan double our power.
If two compatible inverters are stacked in serieswe can output voltage (stacking)
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Panel selection
consider that on a sunny day, at solar noon, theat the surface of the Earth delivers about 1000 wkilowatt) per square meter.
A typical photovoltaic solar cell can convert aboof this to electricity, that is, about 150 watts (thecells in the laboratory can go somewhat higher,
about 34%, or 340 watts). Now power would need to our home. Assuming 15
efficient solar cells (so that we can capture 150 watsquare meter when the sun is shining), the total powgiven by:
Power = (Area of solar panels) x 150 watts/m2
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Panel selection
Plugging this into the formula above for enand the hours of sunlight for the time, we
Energy generated per day = (Area of spanels) x 150 watts/m2 x (hours of sunl
solving for the Area, we find:
Area of panels required = (Energy to be
generated per day)/(150 watts/m2 x (hou
sunlight))
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Panel selection
Suppose we have 6 good hours of sunlight dday.
Then, using the formula above, the area panels to obtain the average household18 kilo-watt-hours per day would be
Area needed = 18,000 watt-hours / ( 150 wx6 hours )
= 20 square meters =250 square feet(roun
It can be seen that this figure is an area ofby 25 feet, much less than the roof area of
typical house.
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Solar panel details
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No of panels
Considering system is powered by 12Vdc , 80Wp P
Total Wp of PV panel capacity needed
=18000 / 6 = 3000Wp
Number of PV panels needed
= 3000/ 80 = 37.5 modules
Actual requirement =38modules
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Solar charge controller siz
Regulates the voltage and current coming from the PV panels battery and prevents battery overcharging and prolongs the
The solar charge controller is typically rated against Amperagecapacities.
PV module specification
Pm = 80 Wp
Vm = 17.2 VdcIm = 4.65 A
Voc = 20.7 A
Isc = 4.8 A
Solar charge controller rating = (38 module x 4.8A) x 1.3 = 237.12A
So the solar charge controller should be rated 240 A at 12 V or
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Typical connection
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General layout
Solar panel controller battery
AC LOAD CBC
MAIN
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Payback analysis
Average Capital cost Panel cost = 540000
Battery cost = 200000
Inverter cost = 20000
Charge controller cost = 30000 Cable cost = 5000
Total cost(round off) = 800000
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Payback analysis
Units used per day=14 units
Units used per 2month basis=840
Electricity bill detail by TNEB for domestic
Upto 50(1.10) = 55
51-100(1.30) = 65
101-200(2.60) = 260
201-600(3.50) = 1400
Above 600(5.75) = 1380
Total electricity cost/2m = 3160
Total electricity cost/year=18960
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Payback analysis
Considering maintenance cost as 20%of yelectricity bill
Maintenance cost = 3792
Net electricity bill/year =18960-3792=1516
Payback period =(Capital cost)/(net bill pe
=800000/15168
= 52years
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Payback periods
For domestic purposes payback period =52 years nearly
If it is commercial building then (5.50pe
cost) Payback period =36 years nearly
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Government subsidies The Tamil Nadu Energy Development Agency (TEDA) is a Nodal
the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Governmenfor the promotion of Renewable Energy schemes in the State.
For grid interactive solar power generation a maximum amount oper Kwh would be provided as incentive for electricity generated fphotovoltaics and Rs.10.00 per Kwh for electricity generated throsolar thermal route and fed to the grid from a power plant of 1 MWand above.
The Government of India (MNRE) is providing soft loan @ 2% to users, 3% to institutional users not availing accelerated depreciat5% to industrial / commercial users availing depreciation throughand Public / Private sector banks etc. Capital subsidy equivalent interest subsidy @ RS.1100/- per sq.m
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conclusion
Due to very often and unpredictable increase in fuedemands definitely the electrical bill also be raised
Also by technology development in PV panels the ecost for PV generation will be reduced
At one time in future conventional power cost equa
conventional cost So produce our own power for our own needs by u
renewable energy and conserve fossil fuel for someyears
Leave clean environment for our future generation
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THANK YOU