Rajasthan Technical University, Kota Technical University, Kota COURSE ... Differential relay scheme, ... Differential protection for generator and transformer. (i)

Rajasthan Technical University, Kota

COURSE - FILE

Name : Dr. Dinesh Birla Branch : Electrical Engineering Session : 2014-15, Even Semester Semester : M. Tech II Semester

Specialization : Power System


Index: Course–File

Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

Session: 2014-15, Even Semester

Year : I

Sem : II

Sr. No.

Content/ Item no. Page No.

1 Students Detail 3

2 Course Schedule Course-File General Format Time-Table Syllabus Course Plan

3-5

3 More on Course Schedule Method of Evaluation Guidelines to Study the Subject Program Outcomes Course Outcomes Objectives – Outcome Relationship Matrix

6-11

4 Assignment-1 12 5 Assignment-2 13

6 Assignment-3 14 7 Assignment-4 15

8 Assignment-5 16

10 Tutorial-1 17

11 Tutorial-2 18

12 Tutorial-3 19

13 Tutorial-4 20

14 Tutorial-5 21

15 Lecture Plan 22-26

17 Mid–Term Question Paper (I & II) 27-28

18 Performance of Students in Mid Terms 29


Student Details

Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM

PROTECTION Session: 2014-15, Even Semester

Year : I

Sem : II

S. No. Roll No. Student Name

1 14EUCPS600 AJAY GAHLOT 2 14EUCPS601 AJAY SINGH NARUKA 3 14EUCPS602 AKANSHA JAIN 4 14EUCPS603 AMIT KESHARI 5 14EUCPS604 AMIT PANWAR 6 14EUCPS605 BRIJESH KUMAR SEN 7 14EUCPS606 CHANDAN VAISHNAV 8 14EUCPS607 DHEERAJ KUMAR DHAKAD 9 14EUCPS608 LAXMAN SINGH 10 14EUCPS609 MAMTA MEHTA 11 14EUCPS610 MOHIT SHARMA 12 14EUCPS611 MONIKA SHARMA 13 14EUCPS612 MUKESH MENARIYA 14 14EUCPS613 OMVEER SHARMA 15 14EUCPS614 PINKY YADAV 16 14EUCPS615 POOJA NAGAR 17 14EUCPS616 SUMAN KUMARI JAILIYA 18 14EUCPS617 YOGESH KUMAR

1. Name of the Faculty : Dr.Dinesh Birla

2. Designation : Professor

3. Department : Electrical Engineering

Course Details

Name of the Programme : M. Tech. Batch : Electrical

Branch : Electrical Semester : II

Title of the Subject : ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

Subject Code : 2MPS2 No. of Students: 18

General: About Course File Format 1. Time Table and Syllabus. 2. Course Schedule including Course Plan. 3. Experiments List and Lab manual also, if required. 4. List of Assignments / Tutorials/ Seminar Topics given to students. 5. Tutorial Sheet (If required, as per the syllabus). 6. Lecture Plan. 7. Model Question Paper of the subject distributed to students included (Question Bank of important

Questions). 8. Mid –Term Question Paper (I & II) and answer-books. 9. Question of previous years available by University. 10. Marks details of the Students in respect of MTE I (Mid Term Exam) and MTE II.


Course Schedule



Year : I

Sem : II


Course File



Year : I

Sem : II




SYLLABUS COPY

2MPS2 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION

(i) Static Relays: Introduction, merits and demerits of static relays. Comparators: amplitude and phase comparator, duality between amplitude and phase comparators. Circulating current type phase-splitting type and sampling type amplitude comparators. Vector product type and coincidence type phase Comparators. (ii) CTs & PTs: Current transformer (CT) Construction, measurement CT and protective CT. Type of potential transformers. Steady state ratio and phase angle errors in CTs and PTs. Transient errors in CT and CVT.

(i) Static Over Current Relays: Instantaneous over current relay, definite time over current relay, inverse-time over current relay, directional over current relay. (ii) Static Differential Relays: Differential relay scheme, single-phase static comparator, polyphase differential protection. Differential protection for generator and transformer.

(i) Static Distance Relays: Impedance relay, reactance relay and mho relay using amplitude and phase comparators. Polarized and offset mho relays. (ii) Carrier Current Protection: Phase Comparison scheme, carrier aided distance protection.

(i) Distance Protection: Effect of are resistance, power swings, line length and source impedance on the performance of distance protection. Out of step tripping and blocking relays. Mho relay with blinders. Quadrilateral and elliptical relays. Selection of distance relays. (ii) Induction Motor Protection: Various faults and abnormal operating conditions. Protection against faults, unbalance supply voltage, single phasing, over load and mechanical rotor faults, HRC fuses, over-current, percentage differential and earth fault protection. Negative sequence voltage relays and resistance temperature detector relay.

Digital Protection: Introduction to digital protection, block diagram of digital relay, sampling theorem, correlation with a reference wave, Fourier analysis of analogue and discrete signals, least error squared technique, digital filtering – low pass, high pass, finite impulse response and infinite impulse response fillers. Introduction to digital over-current, transformer differential and transmission line distance protection.

2. COURSE PLAN Sr. No.

Name of Unit

Topics to be covered as divided in the unit Lecture No.

1 Static Relay/ static over current relay

Introduction to static relays, merits and demerits and introduction to amplitude comparater

1

Introduction to Phase comparators and duality 2 Various type of Amplitude comparator’s 3 Various type of Phase comparator’s and Introduction to Static over Current Relays.

4.5

Introduction to Instantaneous Static over Current relays and Definite time Static over Current Relays.

6

Introduction to Inverse time Static over Current Relays and Introduction to Directional Static over Current Relays.

7

2 Static Differential Relay and static distance relay

Brief description of static differential relay schemes and Introduction to single phase static differential relay schemes

8

Introduction to three phase static differential relay schemes and Introduction to static differential protection of generator

9

Introduction to static differential protection of transformer and Introduction to static impedance relay

10

Introduction to static impedance relay and Introduction to static reactance relay. 11,12 3 Carrier

Current Protection And Distance Protection

Introduction to static mho relays. 13 Basic apparatus and scheme of power line carrier system and Principle of operation of directional comparison carrier protection.

14

Principle of operation of phase comparison carrier protection and carrier assisted distance protection.

15

Effect of power swings on the performance of distance protection and Out of step tripping and blocking relays.

16

Mho relay with blinders and Introduction to quadrilateral and elliptical relays. 17 4 Induction

Motor Protection

Various fault and abnormal operating conditions 18 Protection agaist fault ,unbalance operating condition 19 Singal phasing and over load and mechanical rotor fault 20 HRC fuses,differential and earth fault protection 21 Negative sequence voltage relays 22 Resistance temperature detector relay 23

5 Digital Protection

Introduction of digital relay,block diagram of digital relay 24 Sampling theorem correlation with reference wave c 25 Fourier transform of analogue and discrete signals 26 Least error square techniques, digital filtering 27 Low pass high pass 28 Finite impulse response 29 Finite impulse response filter 30 Introduction to digital overcurrent protection 31 Introduction to transformer differential protection. 32 Introduction to digital transmission line distance protection. 33


Course File



Year : I

Sem : II

3 METHOD OF EVALUATION

3.1 Mid Term Examinations (MTE I & MTE II) 3.2 Assignment / Tutorials

3.3 Viva wherever applicable

3.4 Term End Examination

Foundation Topics: Introduction to per unit quantities Introduction to Symmetrical component and fault analysis methods

Advanced Topics: Admittance model and Admittance matrix Impedance model and Impedance matrix


More on Course Schedule



Year : I

Sem : II




Guidelines to Study the Subject

1. Preparation: - Basic fundamental of knowledge of simple power flow and faults for their study and analysis.

2. Core Competence: - To provide students the knowledge of power system design and analysis and to determine the operational performance of existing systems.

3. Breadth: -To prepare for a better future in the field of designing new electrical systems.

Learning Environment: - To provide student a friendly and professional environment.





Year : I

Sem : II




The General Categories of Program Outcomes are: Sr. No.

General Categories of Program Outcomes

a Ability to acquire knowledge of specific discipline or professional area with an ability to discriminate, evaluate, analyze and synthesize existing and new knowledge, and integration of the same for enhancement of knowledge.

b

Ability to formulate and analyse complex electrical engineering problems.

c

Ability to solve engineering problems and arrive at feasible, optimal solutions after considering public health and safety.

d

Ability to apply appropriate research methodologies, techniques and tools, design,conduct experiments, analyse and interpret data.

e

Ability to apply appropriate techniques, resources, and modern engineering

f

Ability to collaborative-multidisciplinary scientific research,demonstrate a capacity for self-management and teamwork.

g Ability to manage projects efficiently after consideration of economic and financial factors.

h

Ability to make effective presentations and design documentation by adhering to appropriate standards.

i

Ability to engage in life-long learning independently to improve knowledge and competence

j

Ability to contribute to the community for sustainable development of society

k

Ability to learn from mistakes without depending on externalfeedback





Year : I

Sem : II




On completion of this Subject/ Course the students shall be able to understand the following:

S. No. Objectives I Introduction to static relay, static overcurrent relay.

II Static Differential Relays: Brief description of static differential relay schemes single phase and three

phase schemes.

III Introduction to static differential protection of generator and transformer.

IV Different types of Circuit Breaker and their applications.

V Introduction to digital overcurrent, transformer differential and transmission line distance protection.





Year : I

Sem : II

Objectives – Outcome Relationship Matrix (Indicate the relationship by x mark).

COURSE OBJECTIVES PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs) COURSE CODE

COURSE TITLE a b c d e f g h i j k

1MPS1 POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS x x x x 1MPS2 ADVANCED POWER ELECTRONICS x x x x 1MPS3 POWER SYSTEM STABILITY x x x 1MPS4.1 POWER GENERATION SOURCES x x x x 1MPS4.2 ECONOMIC OPERATION OF POWER SYSTEM x x x x 1MPS4.3 NUMERICAL METHODS & COMPUTER

PROGRAMMING x x x

1MPS5 MATLAB PROGRAMMING LAB x x x x 2MPS1 ELECTRIC DRIVES & THEIR CONTROL x x x x 2MPS2 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM PROTECTION x x x 2MPS3 EHV AC/DC TRANSMISSION x x x x x 2MPS4.1 OPERATION & CONTROL OF POWER

SYSTEMS x x x x

2MPS4.2 POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS x x 2MPS4.3 POWER SYSTEM PLANNING & RELIABILITY x x x x 2MPS5 POWER SYSTEM MODELLING & SIMULATION

LAB x x x

3MPS1.1 FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS x x x 3MPS1.2 HIGH VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT

TRANSMISSION x x x x

3MPS1.3 POWER SYSTEM TRANSIENTS & HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING x x x x

3MPS2.2 EXCITATION OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES & THEIR CONTROL x x x

3MPS2.3 AI APPLICATIONS TO POWER SYSTEMS x x x 3MPS2.1 ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM x x x


Assignment Sheet - I



Year : I

Sem : II




Assignment- I

Q1.Describe various types of Amplitude and Phase Comparators classification and explain the working of two relevant Comparators each with diagram. Q2. Describe the principle of operation and types of Amplitude Comparators and duality in two types of Comparators. Q.3 Explain the Static Over-Current Relay block diagram with working.


Assignment Sheet - II



Year : I

Sem : II




Assignment-II

Q1 Discuss various type of static differential relay? Q2 Static impedence relay and reliaze it with the help of amplitude and phase Comparator. Q3 Discuss static mho relay and reliaze it with the help of amplitude and phase Comparator. Q4 Discuss static differential protection of generator.


Assignment Sheet - III



Year : I

Sem : II




Assignment- III

. Q1. Write short note on

a) Out Of Step tripping and blocking relay. b) Mho relay with blinders.

Q2. Explain carrier assisted distance protection. Q3. Explain different kind of principal employed in Power Line Protection.


Assignment Sheet - IV



Year : I

Sem : II




Assignment- IV

Q1 What are the various abnormal operating conditions from supply side to which an induction motor is likely to be subjected? Q.2 Why is an induction motor very sensitive to unbalance in supply voltage? Q.3 What are the effects of running an induction motor at reduced supply voltage?


Assignment Sheet - V



Year : I

Sem : II




Assignment- V

Q1. What are the advantages of numerical relays over conventional relays? Q2. What happens if the sampling frequency is less than the Nyquist limit? Q3. What do you mean by a digital filter? Explain.


Tutorial Sheet – I



Year : I

Sem : II




TUTORIAL-1 Q.1 Explain phase splitting type comparator by drawing a neat diagram and describe the working.

Q.2 Give a classification of phase type comparators and explain how OP-AMP works as level detector. Q3. The percentage impedance of a transformer is 8% Determine the short-circuit current for a three-phase short circuit on the secondary terminals of the transformer.


Tutorial Sheet – II



Year : I

Sem : II




Tutorial-II Q1 Discuss various type of static differential relay ? Q2 Static impedence relay and reliaze it with the help of amplitude and phase Comparator. Q3. For the system shown below, design the complete OC protection using the IDMT relays. Thus, decide the CT ratios, the plug settings and the TMS at all locations.


Tutorial Sheet – III



Year : I

Sem : II



3. Department : Electrical Engineeing

Tutorial-III Q1 Explain different kind of principal employed in Power Line Protection. Q2 Explain carrier assisted distance protection. Q3. In a simple differential scheme, the two CTs have a nominal ratio of 100 : 1. The CT errors for a 'through fault' current of 1000 A are as follows: CT1 CT2 Ratio error 5% +6% Phase angle error 2% -4% Determine the pick up of the OC relay in the spill path so that the scheme remains stable.


Tutorial Sheet – IV



Year : I

Sem : II




Tutorial-IV

Q1.What is the effect of blocked rotor on the motor? What protection is provided against blocked rotor? Q2.What is the effects of single phasing on the induction motor? Q3. Design the differential protection for a three-phase, 50 Hz transformer with the following nameplate ratings: MVA 250, 15.75 kVl400 ky 50 Hz, delta-star.


Tutorial Sheet – V



Year : I

Sem : II




Tutorial-V

Q1. A 12-bit ADC has conversion time of 10 microseconds. What is the maximum frequency that can be acquired without using a sample and hold unit? Q.2 If a sample and hold circuit of 100 picoseconds is available, how will the maximum frequency found out in Question 1 be affected? Q3.If a sample and hold circuit of 100 picoseconds is available, how will the maximum frequency found out in Question 10 be affected?


Lecture Plan Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM

PROTECTION Subject Code: 1MPS1

Duration of Lesson: 55 min Session: 2014-15, Even Semester

Year : I

Sem : II

Lesson No.1 Title: static relays, amplitude comparators

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Introduction to static relays, merits and demerits. 35 2. Introduction to amplitude comparators 20

Lesson No.2 Title: Introduction to Phase comparators, Duality

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min)

1 Introduction to Phase comparators 20 2 Duality between amplitude and phase comparators 35

Lesson No.3 Title: Circulating Current, Phase Splitting, Sampling amplitude comparator


1. Circulating current type amplitude comparators 20 2. Phase splitting type amplitude comparators 20 3. Sampling type amplitude comparators 15

Lesson No.4 Title: Vector product, Coincidence type phase comparator


1. Vector product type phase comparators 40 2. Coincidence type phase comparators 15

Lesson No.5 Title:Coincidence type phase comparator, static over Current Relays


1. Coincidence type phase comparators 40 2 Introduction to Static over Current Relays. 15

Lesson No.6 Title: Instantaneous, Definite time Static Over Current Relays


1. Introduction to Instantaneous Static over Current Relays. 25 2. Introduction to Definite time Static over Current Relays. 25

Lesson No.7 Title:Inverse time, Directional Static Over Current Relays


1. Introduction to Inverse time Static over Current Relays. 25 2. Introduction to Directional Static over Current Relays. 25

Lesson No.8 Title: Remedial class, Class test


1. Remedial Class 15 2. Class Test 40

Lesson No.9 Title:Static Differential Relay


1. Brief description of static differential relay schemes 20 2. Introduction to single phase static differential relay schemes 35

Lesson No.10 Title: Static Differential relay, Differential protection of Generator


1. Introduction to three phase static differential relay schemes 20 2 Introduction to static differential protection of generator 35

Lesson No.11 Title: Differential protection of Transformer, Static impedance relay


1. Introduction to static differential protection of transformer. 30 2. Introduction to static impedance relay 25

Lesson No.12 Title: Static impedance, reactance relay


1. Introduction to static impedance relay 15 2. Introduction to static reactance relay 40

Lesson No.13 Title: Static Mho relay


1. Introduction to static mho relays. 40 2. Problem 15

Lesson No.14 Title: Remedial Class, Class Test



Lesson No. 15 Title: Power line carrier system, carrier protection

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Basic apparatus and scheme of power line carrier system. 30 2. Principle of operation of directional comparison carrier protection 25

Lesson No. 16 Title: carrier protection, carrier assisted distance protection


1. Principle of operation of phase comparison carrier protection 30

2. carrier assisted distance protection. 25

Lesson No. 17 Title: distance protection, Out of step tripping

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Effect of power swings on the performance of distance protection. 35

2. Out of step tripping and blocking relays. 20

Lesson No.18 Title: Mho relay with blinders, quadrilateral and elliptical relays

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Mho relay with blinders 20 2 Introduction to quadrilateral and elliptical relays. 35

Lesson No.19 Title: Remedial Class, Class Test



Lesson No. 20 Title: Various fault

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Various fault and abnormal operating conditions 40 2. Numerical 15

Lesson No.21 Title: Protection agaist fault


1. Protection agaist fault , 30 2. unbalance operating condition 25

Lesson No. 22 Title: Singal phasing and over load and mechanical rotor fault

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Singal phasing and over load and mechanical rotor fault 50

Lesson No. 23 Title: HRC fuses,differential and earth fault protection


1. HRC fuses,differential and earth fault protection 40 2. Numerical 10

Lesson No. 24 Title: Negative sequence voltage relay


1. Negative sequence voltage relays 30 2. Numericals 25

Lesson No. 25 Title: Resistance temperature detector relay


1. Resistance temperature detector relay 45 2. Problems 10

Lesson No. 26 Title: Remedial Class


1. Remedial Class 50

Lesson No. 27 Title: Digital relay

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Introduction of digital relay,block diagram of digital relay 35 2. Numerical 15

Lesson No. 28 Title: Sampling theorem correlation with reference wave.


1. Sampling theorem correlation with reference wave. 30 2. Numerical 25

Lesson No. 29 Title: Fourier transform of analogue and discrete signals


1. Fourier transform of analogue and discrete signals 35 2. Numericals 15

Lesson No. 30 Title: Least error square techniques, digital filtering

S.NO Topic Time Alloted(min) 1. Least error square techniques, digital filtering 40 2. Numerical 15

Lesson No. 31 Title: Low pass high pass


1. Low pass high pass 35 2. Finite impulse response 20

Lesson No. 32 Title: Finite impulse response


1. Finite impulse response 40 2. Numericals 15

Lesson No. 33 Title: Finite impulse response filters


1. Finite impulse response filters 40 2. Numericals 15

\


I Mid Term Question Paper Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM


Duration: 1Hr Session: 2014-15, Even Semester

Year : I

Sem : II


M. Tech I Year, II Sem, Branch: Power System

I Mid Term Examination (2014-15)


Date: 10/04/2015 Duration: 1 Hr Maximum Marks: 12.5 Instructions to Candidates: Attempt all questions. Q.1 How the zero crossing detector, level detector are realized in static relays? Q.2 Explain phase splitting type amplitude comparator working with diagram. Q.3 Draw static over current relay basic block diagram with other variations of this diagram to realize various type of over current relays.


II Mid Term Question Paper Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM


Duration: 1Hr Session: 2014-15, Even Semester

Year : I

Sem : II


M. Tech I Year, II Sem, Branch: Power System

II Mid Term Examination (2014-15)


Date: 21/05/2015

Duration: 1Hr Maximum Marks: 12.5 Instructions to Candidates: Attempt all questions. Q.1 Describe polarized and offset MHO relay under static distance relay protection with purpose. Q.2 Describe percentage differential earth fault protection purpose for induction motor & draw the relevant diagrams. Q.3 Describe any three types of mainly conceivable faults and their remedies/ Protection regarding IM.


Performance of Students in Mid Term Exams Subject: ADVANCED POWER SYSTEM

PROTECTION Subject Code: 2MPS2 Maximum Marks: 25


Year : I

Sem : II

S. No. Roll No. Student Name Average Marks obtained

in MT I & MT II

1 14EUCPS600 AJAY GAHLOT 18 2 14EUCPS601 AJAY SINGH NARUKA 22 3 14EUCPS602 AKANSHA JAIN 19 4 14EUCPS603 AMIT KESHARI 21 5 14EUCPS604 AMIT PANWAR 23 6 14EUCPS605 BRIJESH KUMAR SEN 20 7 14EUCPS606 CHANDAN VAISHNAV 21 8 14EUCPS607 DHEERAJ KUMAR DHAKAD 20 9 14EUCPS608 LAXMAN SINGH 22

10 14EUCPS609 MAMTA MEHTA 20 11 14EUCPS610 MOHIT SHARMA 22 12 14EUCPS611 MONIKA SHARMA 23 13 14EUCPS612 MUKESH MENARIYA 21 14 14EUCPS613 OMVEER SHARMA 19 15 14EUCPS614 PINKY YADAV 23 16 14EUCPS615 POOJA NAGAR 22 17 14EUCPS616 SUMAN KUMARI JAILIYA 19 18 14EUCPS617 YOGESH KUMAR 20

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Rajasthan Technical University, Kota Technical University, Kota COURSE ... Differential relay scheme, ... Differential protection for generator and transformer. (i)