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Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety www.ages.at
Radon in Austrian schools: New case studies
Angelika Kunte, Wolfgang Ringer
ROOMS Meeting 2016
Concarneau, France; Oct. 8th – 9th, 2016
Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety
2
Radon project: Schools & KG in Carinthia
Common trend: school consolidations – Fazit: more kids need more space, former storage rooms (often in the basement) are used as class rooms
New law for the improvement of accessibility of public buildings –financial subsidies are granted
No specific legal regulations or obligations for public buildings, schools, kindergartens, general workplaces in Austria so far
4
• Staff turn over at the provincialgovernment of Carinthia – new peoplein charge for radon protection (strong increase of engagement)
• Problem: No local experienced radonmitigation companies on the marketyet
• April – May 2016: Strong mediapresence: Announcement of Rn tests in public buildings troughout the province
Starting situation…
5
Elementaryschool
Kindergarden
Staff 7 6
Kids ~ 50 ~ 50
Case study: Elementary school & kindergarden Kolbnitz
Typical, quite small elementary school in the Möll valley in Carinthia
Combined with kindergarden
Also includes a flat for theschool custodian
7
Year start date end date Room Rn-222 [Bq/m³]
2003 17.03.2003 16.05.2003 Elementary school Unterkolbnitz 395
2003 17.03.2003 16.05.2003 Kindergarden Unterkolbnitz 1.114
2005 23.11.2004 08.03.2005 Kindergarden, group room south west 298
2005 23.11.2004 08.03.2005 Kindergarden, hallway 1.348
2005 23.11.2004 08.03.2005 Kindergarden, group room nr. south east 438
2005 23.11.2004 08.03.2005 Kindergarden, office 556
2008 23.01.2008 29.04.2008 Kindergarden, group room south west 195
2008 23.01.2008 29.04.2008 Kindergarden, hallway 1.302
2008 23.01.2008 29.04.2008 Kindergarden, group room south east 305
Starting situation…
www.ages.at 8
Rn Testing devices
Track etch detectors: used for passive, long term Rn testing
Radon testing according to Austrian Standard (ÖNORM S 5280-1):
Radon testing period: at least 3 months
At least half of the testing period has to be during the heating
season (Oct. 15th – April 15th)
Especially in schools and kindergardens:
Measurement only makes sense during the school year
Strongly recommended: provide good fixture of detectors
AlphaGuard: used for short term Rn testing; active Rn testing
device: electronic, time-resolving measurements possible
9
Elementary school UnterkolbnitzGround floor; Results long term Rn testing: 4.2.2016 – 11.05.2016
Class roomNr. 3
10
Elementary school class room nr. 3 Comparison of short term & longterm Rn testing
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Short term Rn testing mean during occupational hours[Bq/m³]
Short term Rn testing total mean[Bq/m³]
Long term Rn testing total mean[Bq/m³] :
Ratio: 1,33
Ratio: 1,45
:
11
Elementary school 11.02.16-19.02.16class room nr. 3
1064
69
468
30
452
668
263
181
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
Ind
oo
r te
mp
era
ture
[°C
]
Rad
on
co
nc.
[B
q/m
³]
Radon conc. during vacant hours Radon conc. while in use
Mean Rn value during usage period Total average Rn value
Indoor temperature
Ratio: 1,45
12
Elementary school class room nr.41st floor; Results long term Rn testing: 4.2.2016 – 11.05.2016
776 Bq/m³573 Bq/m³ 596 Bq/m³
Class roomNr. 4
13
Elementary school UnterkolbnitzComparison of short term & longterm Rn testing
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Short term Rn testing mean during occupational hours[Bq/m³]
Short term Rn testing total mean[Bq/m³]
Long term Rn testing total mean[Bq/m³]
:Ratio: 1,7
Ratio: 0,97
:
14
Elementary school Unterkolbnitz; 19.02.16-25.02.16 - class room Nr. 4
310
1584
63
1360
612
951
976
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Ind
oo
r te
mp
era
ture
[°C
]
Rad
on
co
nce
ntr
atio
n
[Bq
/m³]
Radon Conc. during vacant hours Radon Conc. while in use
Mean Rn value during usage period Total average Rn value
Indoor temperature
Ventilation duringmorning break
Temperature peak
0
400
800
1200
1600
2000
2400
2800
3200
20.01.0
4 08:
00
21.01.0
4 08:
00
22.01.0
4 08:
00
23.01.0
4 08:
00
24.01.0
4 08:
00
25.01.0
4 08:
00
26.01.0
4 08:
00
27.01.0
4 08:
00
28.01.0
4 08:
00
29.01.0
4 08:
00
30.01.0
4 08:
00
31.01.0
4 08:
00
01.02.0
4 08:
00
02.02.0
4 08:
00
03.02.0
4 08:
00
04.02.0
4 08:
00
05.02.0
4 08:
00
06.02.0
4 08:
00
07.02.0
4 08:
00
08.02.0
4 08:
00
09.02.0
4 08:
00
10.02.0
4 08:
00
11.02.0
4 08:
00
12.02.0
4 08:
00
13.02.0
4 08:
00
14.02.0
4 08:
00
15.02.0
4 08:
00
16.02.0
4 08:
00
Rad
on
ko
nzen
trati
on
[B
q/m
³]
Radonkonzentration gesamt
Radonkonzentration während der Betriebszeiten
Klassenzimmer 2A
Mittel: 1165 Bq/m³
Betrieb: 378 Bq/m³
Verhältnis: 0,32
Klasse 1A
Mittel: 1156 Bq/m³
Betrieb: 236 Bq/m³
Verhältnis: 0,20
Klasse 1B
Mittel: 608 Bq/m³
Betrieb: 454 Bq/m³
Verhältnis: 0,75
Classroom 2AAve.: 1165 Bq/m³Work.h: 378 Bq/m³Ratio: 0,32
Classroom 1AAve.: 1156 Bq/m³Work.h: 236 Bq/m³Ratio: 0,20
Classroom 1BAve.: 608 Bq/m³Work.h: 454 Bq/m³Ratio: 0,75
Total radon concentration
Radon concentration during operating hours
Further Example: School in Upper Austria
Radon c
once
ntr
ation
[Bq/m
³]
17
Comparison of short term (each time for a weekbetween Oct.-Jan.) & long term Rn testing
Ratio: 0,47
Ratio: 0,45
:
:
Ratio: 0,44
:
Ratio: 0,45
:
Ratio: 1,44
:
Ratio: 0,98
18
How to solve the radon problem?
• Immediate action: ventilation plan
- Airing before school starts in the morning
- About 15 minutes (total air exchange) in the affected areas (impact and cross ventilation)
- As far as possible, regular ventilation during school hours for a partial air exchange
• As soon as possible: Mitigation measures
Mechanical ventilation system or
Radon sump system
19
• Longterm radon tests (3 months) in all used rooms in 10 moreschools during the winter semester 2016/17 (Sept. 12th – Dec. 11th)
Radon testing in Carinthianschools and KGs
Trebesing
Krumpendorf
St. Michael ob Bleiburg
Unterkolbnitz
Stockenboi
Schiefling
Althofen
Mörtschach
Velden
20
• Short term radon testing can only be used as a first orientation. A combination of long term passive tests and time-resolvingmeasurements is recommended.
• Mechanical ventilation can solve two problems at once, but usually isquite expensive.
• Outcome of thermal retrofitting measures: schools that did not use tohave a radon problem, eventually created one and now have high radon levels after remediation measures.
• Common trend of growing number of pupils and reutilization offormer storage rooms in basements can intensify the radon issue.
Summary & Conclusion
21
Dipl.-Ing. Angelika Kunte
Division of Radiation ProtectionDepartment of Radon and Radioecology
AGES – Austrian Agency for Health & Food Safety
Wieningerstrasse 8A-4020 Linz, AustriaTel. ++43-(0)50555-41907Fax ++43-(0)[email protected]
23
GENERAL PUBLIC
• Actively inform the mediawhen mitigation measureswere successfull
TEACHERS
• Inform & explain• Use as multiplicators– don‘t enforce panic• Take time to answer
questions
SCHOOL OPERATOR
• Full transparency• Draw comparisons• Offer solutions
PARENTS
• Offer solutions
• Important: Good timing!
Target groups
How to communicate the problem?
Best time: before summer vacation –including the promise to solve the problem before school starts again
24
Case study no. 2: New middleschoole (NMS) Althofen:Ground floor: Rn testing period : 15.6.16 - 22.6.16
25
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800 Room (7) [handycraftroom A]
Mean Rn conc. Room(7) [handycraft room A]
Gym (8)
Mean Rn conc. Gym (8)
Room (9) [handycraftroom B]
Mean Rn conc. Room(9) [handycraft room B]
Bq/m³
New middle schoole (NMS) Althofen:Ground floor: Rn testing period : 15.6.16 - 22.6.16
26
New middle schoole (NMS) Althofen:Basement: Rn testing period 1.6.16 - 8.6.16
Ave. Rn conc: 4631 Bq/m³
27
0
500
1 000
1 500
2 000
2 500
Room (1)
Room (2)
Room (3)
Bq/m³
New middle schoole (NMS) Althofen:Basement: Rn testing period 1.6.16 - 8.6.16