Radiological and Experimental Facilities Radiological and Experimental Facilities Based On INR Proton LINACBased On INR Proton LINAC

Institute for nuclear research of RAS, Moscow 117312, Russia

Sergey Akulinichev, Leonid Kravchuk, Victor MatveevSergey Akulinichev, Leonid Kravchuk, Victor Matveev

Facilities at the Linac and the Facilities at the Linac and the Experimental Complex of INRExperimental Complex of INR

to Exp.Hall

from linacRADEX

Proton Therapy

Linac

H+

H-

BM

Isotope production

Proton linac

Experimental Hall

MDDESD

TWD

TWD

RFQ

INS NS

(INS)

The The H+, H- linac H+, H- linac

Isotope production facility Isotope production facility at 160 MeV proton beamat 160 MeV proton beam

High intensity neutron High intensity neutron sources: RADEX and INS sources: RADEX and INS

Proton and neutron Proton and neutron therapy facilitiestherapy facilities

The INR LinacThe INR Linac

Proton Beam Parameters

Beam energy 140 - 600 MeV (450 MeV)

Beam current 0.1 nA - 0.5 mA ( 0.1 mA )

Beam pulse duration (TWD) 0.25 - 180 mks

Pulse frequency 1 - 100 Hz (50

Hz)

The Isotope Production FacilityThe Isotope Production FacilityProton Beam Parameters.

Beam energy 160 MeV.

Beam current up to 0.5 mA ( 0.1 mA ).

Beam pulse duration 60 - 180 mks.

Pulse frequency 1 - 100 Hz.

Isotope productionIsotope production (Pd 103, Sr 82-Rb, Cu 67, (Pd 103, Sr 82-Rb, Cu 67, Sn 117 and others).Sn 117 and others).

Beam MicrostructureBeam Microstructure The traveling wave The traveling wave

deflectors operate at the deflectors operate at the 400 keV400 keV injector beam line. injector beam line.

Can form the necessary Can form the necessary beam shape inside the beam shape inside the macro-impulse (macro-impulse (180 µs180 µs) of ) of the beam with the the beam with the 10-20 ns10-20 ns front times. The deflecting front times. The deflecting field is field is 3-5 kV3-5 kV. .

Is involved in the Safety Is involved in the Safety system of the INR linac. system of the INR linac.

Is used to adjust the needed Is used to adjust the needed beam frequency beam frequency 0-100 Hz0-100 Hz. .

Is used as a beam dump.Is used as a beam dump.

Beam RADEX

Tg

180 mks

Beam Spectro-meter

MDD field

Beam TWD

Beam Injector

Time diagram of deflector operation

RADEXRADEXImpulse Neutron Source

for Material Science.

Target W+Н2O ( 32 40 cm) creates the neutron flow to horizontal and vertical channels.

Beam pulse duration 0.25-180 mks. Beam frequency 1-100 Hz.

Neutron intensity 2·1015 n/s ( < 15 MeV ),

~1.5·1014 n/s (15 – 300 MeV ).

Neutron spectra has an evaporation form with about 9% of cascade neutrons.

Impulse Neutron SourceImpulse Neutron Source Neutron intensity ~1016 n/s 7 channels with 204 mm and 10

m length Beam pulse duration

0.25-180 mks Beam frequency 1-100 Hz Neutron energy

~ 0.025 - 20·106 eV

TOF Spectrometer (Pb cube, C

prism )

Neutron energy 1 eV - 30 keV. Neutron intensity ~106 n/cm2/s near the cube surface with ~1 mkA proton beam current

Beam pulse duration 0.25-180 mks Frequency 1-100 Hz

Facilities for Particle Therapy in RussiaFacilities for Particle Therapy in Russia

50

Institute Beam energy,

MeVBeam pulse,

mks

Pulse frequency,

Hz

Patients treated

ITEP,Moscow

70-200 0,14 < 1 3500

PINP,St.Peter.

1000 300 40 1200

JINR,Dubna

660 30 250 200

INR,Troitsk

74-247 0,2-180 50-100 -

Since facilities for particle therapy are quite complicated and expensive, most of working hadrontherapy centers are still based on physical research institutes. Also it helps to coordinate efforts of medical and physical scientists.

In Russia only the accelerator in Troitsk fits all basic requirements of proton therapy for beam parameters (the energy range, duration and frequency of pulses).

Radiological Facilities at INRRadiological Facilities at INR Proton therapy:Proton therapy: The The proton linacproton linac

((eenergy 74 – 247 nergy 74 – 247 MeVMeV,, beam beam current 1 nA-1mkA). current 1 nA-1mkA).

Medical isotope productionMedical isotope production at the at the INR linac (Pd 103, Sr 82-Rb, Cu INR linac (Pd 103, Sr 82-Rb, Cu 67, Sn 117 and others). 67, Sn 117 and others).

Neutron therapy:Neutron therapy: High intensity High intensity neutron sources (~10neutron sources (~1099 n/cm n/cm22/s)./s).

Photon therapy:Photon therapy: The The electronelectron linearlinear acceleratoraccelerator SL SL-75-5-МТ -75-5-МТ (energy up to (energy up to 66 MeVMeV))..

The The MMedical edical ElectronElectron LLinearinear AAccelerator ccelerator SLSL-75-5-МТ-75-5-МТ

The maximal energy of The maximal energy of photons – 6 МV. photons – 6 МV.

The maximal doze in the The maximal doze in the isocenter – 5 Gray/min. isocenter – 5 Gray/min.

Irradiation field in the Irradiation field in the isocenter – 40x40 cm. isocenter – 40x40 cm.

Capacity- up to 50 patients Capacity- up to 50 patients per day.per day.

The boost method (The boost method (γ+p) γ+p) will will allow to increase the overall allow to increase the overall performance of the proton performance of the proton linac.linac.

Unique Devices and Systems for Unique Devices and Systems for Radiotherapy at INRRadiotherapy at INR

Unique devices and systems for Unique devices and systems for radiotherapy were designed and radiotherapy were designed and created in INR:created in INR:

Universal and very precise (10 mkm Universal and very precise (10 mkm at 40x40x30 cm) computer-driven at 40x40x30 cm) computer-driven treatment chair for the fixation of treatment chair for the fixation of patient in any position, patient in any position,

Unique for their transparency and Unique for their transparency and sensitivity narrow-gap (~2mm) air sensitivity narrow-gap (~2mm) air ionization chambers of radial-ionization chambers of radial-oriented polyimide films, oriented polyimide films,

The digital x-ray patient centration The digital x-ray patient centration system .system .

AmbulatoryAmbulatory of of INR RINR Radiological adiological CCentrentree

Supply systemsSupply systems:: System of independent water System of independent water

purification,purification, System of independent power supply,System of independent power supply, Central air conditioningCentral air conditioning..

The X-ray laboratory for The X-ray laboratory for topometry and therapy topometry and therapy is under is under constructionconstruction..

Capacity:Capacity: 50 patients 50 patients perper day. day. Personnel: Personnel: 15-20.15-20.The The indoor indoor areaarea: : 550 м550 м22..

Perspectives of the Radiological CentrePerspectives of the Radiological Centre Projected 2-nd stage of the Projected 2-nd stage of the Radiological center will have: Radiological center will have:

an additional treatment room an additional treatment room with vertical and horizontal with vertical and horizontal beams of protons, beams of protons, laboratory for diagnostics and laboratory for diagnostics and therapy with radionuclides therapy with radionuclides

Full circle of the isotope Full circle of the isotope productionproduction

Treatment room for neutron Treatment room for neutron capturing therapycapturing therapy

Together with the Hospital of Together with the Hospital of RAS, the Medical Complex in RAS, the Medical Complex in Troitsk will be one of the biggest Troitsk will be one of the biggest radiological centres in Russia.radiological centres in Russia.

Perspectives of the Radiological CentrePerspectives of the Radiological Centre

The INR Radiological centre may become an universal radiological centre, where most modern methods of radiology and radiobiology will be developed and applied. The linac properties (the possibility to vary the energy and the intensity of beams in a wide range) provide as the proton therapy, as also other main methods of radiology: brachytherapy, diagnostics and therapy with radiopharmaceuticals and the neutron - capture therapy.

As a part of the Medical Complex in Troitsk it will be one of the biggest radiological centers in Russia. Based on possibilities of physical research Institute and the Hospital, it will be a place there medical and physical scientists can work together.

The possibility of the simultaneous operation of isotope production facility, installations of experimental hall and proton treatment increases considerably the economical effectiveness of linac operation.

Concluding,