Radiography - Gamma

8/13/2019 Radiography - Gamma

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ROCEDURE FOR

RADIOGRA HY TESTING

USING GAMMA RAY

0 08/03/10 For Review &Approval

Rev Date Description Prepared byTJJC

Cec!ed byTJJC

Reviewed byC"#$

Approved by%"CP$/'P$

.PRCEDURE FOR RADIOGRAPHY TESTING USINGGAMMARAY

DOCUMENT NO. REV. SHT.

GSPL/DJPL-A/ST/JP/STD/35 00 1 of 14

PR(J"CT )(* GSPL-202-A

PR(J"CT )A+" DAROD– JAFRABAD PIPELINE PROJECT Sec-A

(,)"R GUJRAT STATE PETRONET LIMITED

C()'-$TA)T VALDEL ENGINEERS & CONSTRUCTORS PVT.LTD.

TP#A CERTIFICATION ENGINEERS INTERNATIONAL LIMITED

"PC C()TRACT(R TEHRAN JONOOB – JAIHIND CONSORTIUM

J(. PR(C"D-R" GSPL/DJPL-A/ST/JP/STD/35 Rev.00



TABLE OF CONTENTS

SN DESCRIPTION PAGE

1*0 P-RP('" 03

*0 'C(P" 03

3*0 R"F"R")C"' 03

*0 P"R'())"$ -A$#F#CAT#() 032*0 PR(C"D-R" -A$#F#CAT#() 03

*0 PR"PARAT#() 03

4*0 +"T5(D($(6 0

8*0 5"A$T57 'AF"T6 & ")%#R()+")T 08

*0 -A$#T6 A''-RA)C" & -A$#T6 C()TR($ 08

10*0 APP")D#C"' / F(R+AT' 08

11*0 R"$AT"D TA.$"' & C5ART' 0






1.0 PURPOSE:

Te p9rpose o: tis proced9re is to lay ;9ideline and re<9ire=ents and to establis a=etod or a syste= to control te radio;rapic e>a=ination :or Dar! Ja"ra#a!P$%e&$'e Pr(e)* Sec-A*

2.0 SCOPE:

Tis Proced9re describes Radio;rapic Testin; o: ,elds 9sin; a==a Radiations7 :ordetectin; te discontin9ities in (nsore Pipeline weld ?oints 9sin; $ead screen wit

A;:a D4 or $aser or )DT 4 or @oda! AA00 or F9?i 100 or )P#B 100 or anye<9ivalent :il=s*

3.0 REFERENCES:

• A'+" 'ection %

• A'+" Code .31*8

• AP# 110

• A,' D1*1

• A')T ')T TC 1A

• 'P$ / %"CP$ 'peci:ication

+.0 PERSONNEL ,UALIFICATION:

• (nly ">perienced a==a Ray Radio;rapy Tecnicians sall carryo9t te ?ob*

• Te #nterpretation o: te res9lts o: te Radio;rapy Testin; sall be carried o9t

only by an A')T RT ## #nspector*

5.0 PROCEDURE ,UALIFICATION:

Proced9re 9ali:ication test sall be per:or=ed to te satis:action o: te co=panybe:ore startin; o: te wor!* Te Co=pany Representative sall witness all9ali:ication test* )DT o: a test weld =ay serve as a <9ali:ication test :or te )DT

proced9res and sall be witnessed by te Co=pany* Te Testin; o: ,P' <9ali:ication=ay be 9sed :or )D" Proced9re 9ali:ication*a==a Radio;rapy Ca=era wit #r1 'o9rce and Fil=s o: AFA D4 / D ore<9ivalent :il=s and proper tecni<9e 9sed to prod9ce te <9ality Radio;rap sall beper:or=ed and 9ali:ied be:ore te startin; o: wor! at te wor! site* All te

Radio;rapy tecni<9e stated in tis proced9re sall be <9ali:ied as per te tecni<9eseet attaced alon; wit tis proced9re*

.0 PREPARATION

*1 "-#P+")T7 C()'-+A.$"' & ACC"''(R#"'

• a==a Ray






• Drive 9nit

• 9ide t9be• Colli=ator

• '9rvey +eter

• Dosi=eter

• ,arnin; Placards

• Cordonin; Rope

• $ead +ar!ers

• Crayon or Paint +ar!ers

• +eas9rin; tape

• "lastic

• Penetra=eters E#**#s

• Dar! Roo= Accessories & Cons9=ables

* #+A" -A$#T6 #)D#CAT(R '"$"CT#()

#**# sall be placed on so9rce side* #n so=e case on te :il= side wit =ar!ed G'H*Te re:erence Table :or selection o: Penetra=eter is attaced to tis Proced9re*

*3 F#$+ '"$"CT#()

Radio;raps sall be obtained 9sin; #nd9strial Radio;rapy :il=s* Te Fil=s 9sedsall be eiter Class ## ED4 or e<9ivalent or Class # E D or e<9ivalent 7 dependin;9pon application7 'o9rce o: Radiation to obtain te re<9ired Radio;rapic 'ensitivity*

Class # Fil= %ery :ine rain7 5i; Contrast Fil=*

Class ## Fil= Fine ;rain7 5i; Contrast Fil=

* #)T")'#F6#) 'CR"")'

$ead screen o: tic!ness *002″ /0*1 == or 0*0 == :or bot :ront & bac! sall be

9sed*

*2 '-RFAC" PR"PARAT#()

As :ar as possible all irre;9larities :ro= te s9r:ace Eto te e>tent o: covera;e o: :il=ssall be re=oved :or better res9lts and interpretation*

* PR"%")T#() (F .AC@ 'CATT"R#)

To acieve better Radio;rapy de:inition7 it is re<9ired to cec! bac! scatterin; byplacin; lead no* . on te bac!side o: :il= older to ens9re te bac! scatterin; doesnot ar= te :il= <9ality*

.0 ETODOLOG:






Radio;rapy sall be carried o9t 9sin; te :ollowin; Tecni<9es wit a==aRadiation*

A* '#)$" ,A$$ '#)$" #+A"

Tis Tecni<9e is ideal :or plates7 & Pipelines or %essels7 Tan!s 'tr9ct9res &Co=ponents* #n tis tecni<9e te radiation penetrates tro9; sin;le wall o: Test(b?ect & i=a;e o: te 'in;le wall is recorded on te Radio;rap*

.* D(-.$" ,A$$ '#)$" #+A"

Tis Tecni<9e is ideal :or pipes o: dia=eter I dia and above & co=ponentsE,ere te 'in;le wall sin;le i=a;e is not possible* #n tis tecni<9e te Radiation

Penetrates tro9; bot te walls o: test ob?ect EPipe and 'in;le i=a;e o: te partclosest to te :il= is recorded on te Radio;rap*

C* D(-.$" ,A$$ D(-.$" #+A"

Tis Tecni<9e is ideal :or s=all bore pipes o: dia=eter below I & co=ponents

Ewere te 'in;le wall 'in;le i=a;e or Do9ble wall 'in;le i=a;e is not Possible* #ntis tecni<9e te radiation penetrates tro9; bot te walls o: test ob?ect EPipeand te i=a;es o: bot te walls are recorded on te Radio;rap*

4*1 P$AC"+")T (F +AR@"R A)D #**#*

$ead =ar!ers sall be !ept to identi:y te test (b?ect7 Date o: Radio;rapy7 area o:interest o: te ob?ect7 te location o: te Radio;raps and any oter in:or=ation asspeci:ied by te client*

nos wire type #**#* sall be placed appro>i=ately 30== away :ro= te location=ar!er s9c tat te s=aller ole o: ole Penetra=eter & tinnest wire o: te wire

type Penetra=eter sall be :ar=ost :ro= te so9rce*

#n case o: Panora=ic ">pos9re Tecni<9es7 nos* #**#s sall be placed e<9idistantalon; te circ9=:erence*

Te :il= wit te cassette sall be in :ir= contact wit te ob?ect to be radio;raped:or better contrast*

4* '(-RC" T( F#$+ D#'TA)C"

'o9rce to :il= distance sall be s9c tat te ;eo=etrical 9nsarpness E-; sall be asper te cart below

a*er$a& *$)'e44 $')e46 U7 a8$99 $')e46

-nder 0*00

to 3 0*030(ver 3 to 0*00






reater tan 0*040

Te -; is deter=ined by-; K FD / d

,ere -; ;eo=etrical 9nsarpnessF 'o9rce siLe te =a>i=9= pro?ected di=ension :acin; perpendic9lar to :il= center*D Distance :ro= so9rce o: radiation to te speci=en bein; radio;raped* E'*F*D*

d Distance :ro= so9rce side o: te speci=en to te :il=* ETic!ness

4*3 "BP('-R" T#+"

">pos9re ti=e sall be calc9lated wit act9al so9rce stren;t7 penetrated walltic!ness '*F*D7 and :il= speed 9sin; ">pos9re cart or ">pos9re calc9lator*

4* F#$+ $(AD#)

Fil= sall be loaded in te dar! roo= 9nder proper sa:e li;t7 Filter* Fil=s sall be c9t

care:9lly wito9t any da=a;es7 scratces or :in;er =ar!s* 'andwic te :il= betweenpair o: screens & loaded into li;t ti;t P%C cassettes or olders*

4*2 )-+."R (F "BP('-R"'

Te n9=ber o: ">pos9res will be s9c tat te area o: #nterest is co=pletely covered

and wen =9ltiple :il=s are 9sed te overlap between any :il=s will be a =ini=9=o: 0M* +ini=9= two e>pos9res sall be ta!en in Do9ble ,all Do9ble #=a;eTecni<9e and a =ini=9= o: tree ">pos9res :or 'in;le ,all 'in;le #=a;e or Do9ble,all 'in;le #=a;e tecni<9e :or Pipe ?oints*

4* F#$+ PR(C"''#)

Fil= sall be processed in a dar! roo= 9nder sa:e li;t* Te te=perat9re o: tece=ical sall be 18 De; Centi;rade to 3 De; Centi;rade* Te :il= sall be 9nloadedin an;ers / spools care :9lly to avoid any =ar!s*

Te =an9al processin; involves te :ollowin; steps* All te steps sall be per:or=edon a test :il= initially to deter=ine any e::ect o: processin;

S*e% 1. Developer : 'a!e te an;ers or spools to avoid any 9neven

developin; =ar!s* Developin; ti=e sall be to 3 =in9tes*

S*e% 2. Stop bath: Te stop bat is water wit 2 to drops o: Acetic Acid per

;allon o: water* To arrest developin; action :il=s are i==ersed in a stopbat* 'a!e an;er :or to 3 =in9tes in te stop bat*

S*e% 3. Fixer : To re=ove te e>cess silver ;rains :ro= 9ne>posed or less

e>posed part o: :il= & to arden base o: :il=7 te an;ers sall bei==ersed in :i>er :or =in9tes to 10 =in9tes*






S*e% +.

Water Washing with Wetting Agent : Fil=s sall be !ept in water batwit ,ettin; A;ent E@oda! Poto:low were e>cess :i>er will be wased:ro= te s9r:ace o: te :il=* ,as at least :or 0 =in9tes*

S*e% 5. Dr;$'7: Fil= sall be dried in open space or in Dar! roo= by an;in;

vertically*

4*4 F#$+ %#",#)

Te Fil=s sall be viewed 9nder a i; intensity Fil= %iewer7 capable o: readin;Radio;raps o: Density 9p to & wit ad?9stable li;t intensity* %iewin; sall be done9nder s9bd9ed bac!;ro9nd li;tin; o: an intensity tat will not ca9se tro9bleso=e

re:lections*Fil=s =ay be viewed in case o: re<9ire=ent 9nder wet conditions as well*

4*8 F#$+ D")'#T6

To =eas9re te :il= density a calibrated densito=eter Eor certi:ied 'tep ,ed;eDensity 'trip sall be 9sed*

(ptical density sall be between 1*8 and 3*2 or as speci:ied*

4* F#$+ C()TRA'T

Contrast o: te :il= sall be ade<9ate to =ani:est on te Radio;rap even tes=allest tic!ness di::erential* .etter te contrast better te interpretation o:

discontin9ity* 4*10 '")'#T#%#T6

Te :il= sensitivity sall be M or better & sall be con:ir=ed by co=p9tin; or inaccordance wit A'+" 'ection %7 Article 7 Table 4 or acieve T or e<9ivalent wire

siLe7 in case o: BRay Radio;rapy and te sensitivity wit respect to γ Ray will be as

per overnin; Codes o: Acceptance Criteria* e*;* A'+" 'ec %###7 AP# 110 *

Dia=eter o: tinnest wire %isible on te Radio;rapM 'ensitivity K × 100

Penetrated tic!ness at te area o: interest Edia;nostic area

4*11 #)T"RPR"TAT#()

All indications tat are e<9al to or ;reater tan re?ection level described in acceptance

/ re?ection criteria in section o: tis proced9re or as a;reed by clientHs inspector7sall be considered representin; de:ects and =ay be ca9se o: re?ection or repair o:te weld or base =etal* All Radio;raps sowin; :il= =ar!s in te area o: interestsall be resot in accordance wit tis proced9re*

4*1 ACC"PTA)C" (R R"J"CT#() CR#T"R#A



GSPL/DJPL-A/ST/JP/STD/35 00 of 14



Acceptance or re?ection criteria sall be in accordance wit AP# 110 & 'P$ / %"CP$

'peci:ications* All de:ect location sall be =ar!ed & / or recorded :or repairin;*



GSPL/DJPL-A/ST/JP/STD/35 00 ! of 14



4*13 R"T"'T

Retest o: te repaired area sall be carried o9t in accordance tis proced9re*

4*1 R"P(RT#)

All details o: inspection and res9lts o: inspection sall be doc9=ented in approvedreport For=at*

4*12 F#$+ 'T(RA"

Fil=s sall be stored in dry place wit 9=idity less tan 80 M in proper stora;e

bo>es wit identi:ication*

<.0 EALT= SAFET > EN?IRONENT:

All Radio;rapy Tecnicians sall ave responsibilities to ens9re to evac9ate tep9blic and )onClassi:ied wor!er to te sa:e distance and te area were radio;rapyis bein; per:or=ed*All Radio;rapy Personnel so9ld 9se Fil= bad;e wile per:or=in; te Radio;rapy

wor!* Calibrated s9rvey =eters sall be 9sed to s9rvey te radiation area to veri:ysa:e area*

All Radio;rapy Personnel sall ave responsibilities to te=selves and oter personswit re;ard to sa:ety and sall ens9re site :acilities are ade<9ate wit re;ard to

li;tin;7 sca::oldin; and te li!e prior to co==ence=ent o: operations*Radiation sa:ety r9les as per .ARC & oter a9torities/re;9lations sall be :ollowed*

Area will be cordoned o:: d9rin; te operation*(perators so9ld always crosscec! radiation level wit s9rvey =eters be:oreapproacin; te =acine*'a:ety in tese )DT =etods is te :irst priority*

@.0 ,UALIT ASSURANCE > ,UALIT CONTROL

9ality Ass9rance sall be =aintained by ens9rin; te syste=atic i=ple=entation o:

tis proced9re and ens9re tat necessary <9ality records are ;enerated as appendedto tis proced9re*

10.0 APPENDICES / FORATS

i* #nspection Test Plan E'P$/DJP$/'T/'"CA/#TP/32 R"%*00ii* Radio;rapic #nspection ReportE'P$/DJP$A/'T/R"P/32 R"%*00iii* Radio;rapic PR E'P$/DJP$A/'T/PR/32 R"%*00



GSPL/DJPL-A/ST/JP/STD/35 00 " of 14



11.0 RELATED TABLES > CARTS:

TABLE FOR DIN IRE TPE AND ALSO ISO PENETRAETER

Tic!ness will ave to be considered :or 'ensitivity Calc9lations / Penetra=eter selection*




IRE NO. TICNESS IN 99

1* 3*00

* *20

3* *000

* 1*00 D#) F" 1 #'( 4

2* 1*80

* 1*000

4* 0*800

8* 0*0* 0*200 D#) F" #'( 1

10* 0*00

11* 0*30

1* 0*20

13* 0*00 D#) F" 10 #'( 1

1* 0*10

12* 0*12

1* 0*100



RAD#(RAP5#C "BA+#)AT#() T"C5)#-"

PIPELINE RADIOGRAP6

1* (b?ect .9tt ,elds o: Pipelines

* ,all tic!ness ran;e and len;t %ario9s siLes

3* ">tent o: ">a=ination 100M

* +aterial to be Radio;raped Carbon 'teel & (ters

2* +a!e o: "<9ip=ent A"A T"C5)($(#"'

* Type o: "<9ip=ent '")T#)"$ 0 / A+"RT"'T 0

4* 'o9rce 'tren;t As per Re<9ire=ent

8* #**# Type D#) ,ire Type

* 'ensitivity M or .etter

10* Tecni<9e as speci:ied in As per AP# 110

11* Radiation an;le wit respect to weld and:il=

0°

1* Foc9s to :il= distance Depend 9pon te (b?ect siLe

13* (b?ect to :il= distance #n F9ll contact

1* eo=etrical -nappiness 0*2 == or less

12* Fil= type D4 or D e<9ivalent7 class ##7 =edi9=speed

1* Fil= di=ensions Depend 9pon te (b?ect siLe

14* (verlap o: :il= 20 == on eiter side

18* Dia;nostic :il= len;t "ntire len;t o: te :il=

1* #ntensi:yin; screens $ead

0* 'creen tic!ness 0*1 == Front and .ac!

1* +a>i=9= base :o; level 0*3

* Fil= density .etween 1*8 and 3*2 in so9nd weld

3* Cec! on bac! scatter 6es

* #denti:ication on :il= As per ClientHs/Cons9ltantHs re<9ire=ent

2* Fil= processin; +an9al

* Processin; ce=icals Developer7 stop bat7 Fi>er7 wettin; a;ent

4* Acceptance Criteria AP# 110 / A)'# . 31*3 & ClientHsspeci:ications

8* Reportin; 'tandard Reportin; For=at* F 00 / ClientHs :or=at

* #denti:ication o: repairs R:or repair7 R, :or reweld7 RT :or

Reta!e7 R' :or Resoot






A#$

S%#&'(-)*'' +

T-21.1

S%#&'( -

,*''

Exposure Arrangement –

B

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

So(S%( T-

2.1*

F%' S%( T-25.1

1

F%'S%( T-

2.1

DOUBLE ALL RADIOGRAPIC TECNI,UES

A#$

Do'(-)*''+

T-21.2*

A L(* 4E78o(

120° To

E*9O9( FoCo8'((Co:(*&(

S%#&'( -

,*''

Exposure Arrangement –D

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

So(S%( T-

2.1*

F%'S%( T-

2.1

E%9(S%(

T-25.1 1




P%8(O.D.

E78o( T(9#%;

(

R*%o&*89V%(,%#

&

So(-)('-F%' A*#&((# <=< P(#(*(( Lo*%o#M*>(

P'*((#E# V%(, S%( V%(, S('(%o

#P'*((

#

SINGLE ALL RADIOGRAPIC TECNI,UES

A#$

S%#&'(-)*'' +

T-21.1

S%#&'( -

,*''

Exposure Arrangement – A

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

E%9(S%( T-

25.3

T-25.1 F%'

S%( T-2.

1

P%8(O.D.

E78o( T(9#%;

(

R*%o&*89V%(,%#

&

So(-)('-F%' A*#&((# <=< P(#(*(( Lo*%o#M*>(

P'*((#E# V%(, S%( V%(, S('(%o

#P'*((#

DOUBLE ALL RADIOGRAPIC TECNI,UES [Contd…]

So(

F%'

F%'

F%'

O8%o#*'So(

Lo*%o#



A#$

Do'(-

)*''+ T-21.2

*A L(* 4E78o(

120° To

E*9O9( FoCo8'((Co:(*&(

S%#&'( -

,*''

Exposure Arrangement –E

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

So(S%( T-

2.1*

E%9(S%(

T-25.1 1

F%'S%( T-

2.1




O8%o#*'So(

Lo*%o#

F%'

So(

F%'

F%'

So(



31/2″o '(

Do'(-)*'' +

T-21.2 1

A L(* 2E78o(

A "0° To

E*9O9( FoCo8'((Co:(*&(

Do'(-)*''

E''%8(+

R(*Off(So(

S%(A#F%'S%(

<*&( Exposure Arrangement -

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

So(S%( T-

2.1

E%9(%(

T 25.2

31/2″

o '(

Do'(-)*'' +

T-21.2? 2

A L(* 3E78o(

A 60° O

120° To

E*9O9( Fo

Co8'((Co:(*&(

Do'(-)*'' +R(*

S8(-<8o(So(

S%(A#F%'S%(

<*&(Exposure Arrangement - G

T-26A#

T*'( T-26

So(S%( T-

2.1

E%9(S%(

T-25.2




Documents

Radiography - Gamma