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Radio Industriesby Christy Guy
Introduction
Radio industry as a whole – different sectors of the industry
Commercial radio
Public Service Broadcasting
Non-for-profit radio
Also…
Other areas in the industry
Commercial Radio
Commercial stations’ income is funded by advertising companies, who buy airtime from different stations.
The main players in the commercial sector, based on Rajar figures are Heart, Galaxy and Magic.
This industry employs 43% of employees in the radio industry.
Listening figures – Commercial Radio
Galaxy Owned by: Global radio Reach: 4,497,000 listeners Actual: 24% (1,072,00) Listening time: 7.3 hours a week
Real Radio Owned by: GMG Radio Reach: 2,843,000 listeners Actual: 298,000 Listening time: 8.0 hours a week
Radio Aire Owned by: Bauer Radio Reach: 999,000 listeners Actual: 16% Listening time: 8.4 hours a week
Public Service Broadcasting
Public Service Broadcasting is publicly funded.
All BBC stations are funded by the license fee for television.
Out of all listening figures, the BBC has a share of over half the total listening hours.
The BBC employs nearly 11,000 employees working on the national and local services.
BBC Stations
Station Remit Demographic
Radio 1 ‘Entertain and engage’ a young audience via current music
Young audience
Radio 2 Entertaining music programmes and content involving speech from news to comedy
Appeal to over 35s
Radio 3 Music featuring jazz, classical and world music/ cultural programmes
Listeners of all ages who want to further their cultural interest
Radio 4 News/ programmes/ current affairs/ other speech programmes including radio drama and factual programmes
Listeners wanting intellectual programmes, which are informative
Radio 5 Live News programmes/ sports information
Listeners of any age/ different ethnical backgrounds
More BBC Stations
Station Remit DemographicBBC 1Xtra Strong focus on live music and
budding UK artists/ modern black music
Young listeners aged 15-24 , specifically listeners from ethnic nationalities
BBC 6 Music Featuring music from the 1960s – modern day/ music sound archives from the BBC
Listeners who enjoy music that is popular
BBC Radio 7 Features speech entertainment such as comedy and stories
Children
BBC Asian Network Features music and speech programming to appeal to those of the British Asian community
British Asian population under 35
Listeners who have an interest for topics/ music surrounding the British Asian community
New Technologies
Both the BBC and commercial stations are using new technology to broadcast to their listeners.
This can be done via the internet: Podcasts/ listen live/ previous shows The BBC also offers a reduced version of the website for
BBC radio which can be accessed via some mobiles. Radio has become even more accessible it can be accessed
via e.g. iphone app – connect to 60,000 stations
BBC iplayer
Show’s podcast on Galaxy’s website
Non-for-profit Radio
Communal and voluntary radio stations.Stations which are funded to run but
receive no money at the outcome.Involves communal participation.Examples:
Local radio in Pudsey Grangefield School
Communal station in Farsley
Job Roles
Different roles:
Radio producer: creates content for programmes and control the entire process of production for live programmes and programmes that have been recorded.
Radio presenter: create scripts, research, be able to interview. Reporter: research stories and broadcast them on the radio to
audiences. Gather research – witness and report events/ collect interviews.
During the school’s live broadcast last year I undertook these roles:
Presenter regular basis during broadcast
Script Writer features of the show
Professional Bodies
In the radio industry there are many different professional organisations which are designed to for example, regulate programme content etc.
Professional body:
The NAB (National Association of Broadcasters) are an organisation that help stations via providing them with different opportunities to benefit their station including ‘NAB Professional Development’, designed to educate and develop employee roles, which will eventually benefit the station.
Professional body:
CRCA (Commercial Radio Companies Association) acts as the information centre for commercial radio.
The organisation deals with enquires from a range of people including the media and advertising companies.
Professional Body:
CMA (Community Media Association) represents the communal media industry and aims to enable access to media for the public and communal groups.
Professional body:
ASA’s (Advertising Standards Authority) role is to regulate all areas of media, ensuring that all advertisements comply with the Advertising codes.
The ASA also deals with complaints via assessing adverts against the codes.
Example code: Children ‘Children must be protected from advertisements that could cause physical, mental or moral harm’.
Professional body:
OFCOM regulates communications including TV and radio, airwaves which wireless products run, mobiles and telecoms (fixed-line).
Uses Broadcasting codes to regulate content.Protects communications from e.g. scams.Example: Crime ‘To ensure that material
likely to incite the commission of crime or lead to disorder is not included in television or radio services’.
Professional body:
Both companies formed as an alliance in 1997.
Company that collects and pays members royalties (payment for their music) when their music is exploited to the public, recorded or distributed to the public, broadcast or made available for the public to access online.
Employment in the radio sector
Number employed % of all employment
Producing 1,780 8
Production 2,260 10
Radio Broadcasting 6,390 28
Journalism and Sport 4,710 21
Broadcast Engineering
650 3
Sound 600 3
Studio Operations 250 1
Other Occupation Groups
5,720 26
Base 22,400 100
Majority of employees
Breakdown of roles in the radio industry
Employment in the radio sector – Freelance workers
Freelance workersTo work freelance means employees work
with contracts that are less than a year.Most freelance workers (37%) work in the
Radio Broadcasting occupational group.
Example freelance worker:Radio producerMajority of work - word of mouth
The Workforce
Most of the workforce are geographically based in London. • 59% BBC Radio• 17% Commercial Radio
Employment in the radio sector – Media Degrees
Media Degrees BBC employees – preference for degrees for not only in
media.
Skillset – Radio Producer – degrees are not always a necessity – employers in radio don’t always expect a degree to be in a subject related to media.
Example: Radio producer – career route
Modern languages degree
Trained to be a workshop trainer
Broadcast assistant – different shows on Radio 1 for six months
Full-time freelance
Future – Radio Industry roles
In order to ‘create and exploit compelling content’, for the future the industry needs a workforce that embody breadth and depth
Breadth Have ‘knowledge and awareness’ regarding the radio industry Require industry skills that will offer ‘a multi-skilled approach’Depth ‘specialism and expertise in particular fields’ – enable employees to offer the best in
their roles.
Roles in the future:
Multi-skilled talent employees Enable flexibility as well as adaptability.Technical and creative specialists Employees who would be able to ‘break new ground’ as well as ‘deliver great
content’. A job such as a broadcast engineer will be important, of which an employee would
embody ‘specialist skills’, which would be able help the industry through changes.