ROMANTICISM

How it impacted architecture

ROMANTICISM RECAP

Art movement, in reaction to rationalism, that produced the social movement

Truth through emotion and intuition Nature feeds you, teaches you, and gives you

wisdom Art was beautiful with a strange touch

Past Myths Gothic Individual imagination is important

ARCHITECTURE

Architecture: the art of building

Must content the spirit of man

Themes of the time period are visible on the outside This prepares the visitor for what is on the inside

Decoration emphasizes the importance of the building Contribute to the character and purpose

IMPACTS ON ARCHITECTURE

Reached beyond rational and classicist ideas

Medieval Exotic Unfamiliar Authentic

Made architects want to escape the confines of industrialism, population growth, and urban sprawl

More expressive in their work

PHYSICAL IMPACTS ON ARCHITECTURE

Used emotion to inspire the buildings Individualism Personality Imagination

Nature was perceived as beautiful and extremely important

Many of the buildings were either built around nature, or contained a lot of gardens or terraces, emphasizing the importance of nature in the world.

Brought the idea of heroes and chivalry into the construction of buildings

BERNARD MAYBECK

•Produced many works in different styles• Mission style• Gothic• Romantic• Beaux-Arts

•Believed that each architectural problem required development of an entirely new solution

•First Church of Christ is considered one of his finest works

•He has also created Agencies, Bungalows, and even Colleges

ERLANGER HOUSE BERNARD MAYBECK

San Francisco, California

•Nature friendly•Self-expression• Windows

•Strange and unique touch

HENRY MERCER

•Attended Harvard University

•Famous for his books about ancient tool making, ceramic tile creations, engineering, and architecture

•Influenced by the American Arts and Crafts Movement

•Created many buildings and houses• Fonthill Castle• Mercer Museum

FONTHILL CASTLE HENRY MERCER

Doylestown, Pennsylvania

•Made from original, handcrafted tiles

•Pillars = chivalrous theme

•Individual touch

JULIA MORGAN

•Passed entrance exams in the architecture program, placing 13th out of 376 applicants

•Main patron was William Randolph Hearst

•Largest and most complex project was the Hearst Castle

•Created many churches and chapels, restaurants, and schools

CASA GRANDE JULIA MORGAN

San Simeon, California

•Contains garden terrraces

•Walkways through gardens

•Very detailed and original

WYNTOON JULIA MORGAN

Mount Shasta, California •Painted murals add to the personality

•Overlooks the river

•Used local stone and wood

•Arranged and designed to be adjacent to the patterns of the trees, river, and mountains

ALEXANDER JACKSON DAVIS

•One of the most successful and influential American architects of his generation

•First started as an architect illustrator and then moved to designing buildings

•Known for his houses, museums, universities, and chapels

•Lyndhurst is his single most famous house

LYNDHURT ESTATE ALEXANDER JACKSON DAVIS

Tarrytown, New York

•Overlooks Hudson River

•Intricate designs on the windows

•Surrounded by linden trees (hence the name)

•Contains a room of glass walls

WORKS CITED “American Landscape and Architectural Design 1850-1920.” The Library of Congress

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“Welcome to Lyndhurst.” Lyndhurst: A National Trust HIstoric Site. National Trust HIstoric Preservation, 2006. Web. 24 Apr. 2010. <http://www.lyndhurst.org/ home.html>.