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C on t r ibu tors

Javier Auyero is Joe R. and Teresa Lozano long Professor in latin american sociology at the university of texas, austin, and the former editor of Qualitative Sociology . He has extensively researched and pub-lished on clientelism and collective action in Argentina, including Poor People’s Politics (Duke University Press, 2001). His most recent books are Flammable: Environmental Suffering in an Argentine Shantytown (with Débora Alejandra Swistun, Oxford, 2009) and Routine Politics and Violence in Argentina: The Gray Zone of State Power (Cambridge, 2007). (auyero@austin.utexas.edu)

Eduardo Canel is Associate Professor in the Division of Social Science and Director of the Centre for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean (CERLAC) at York University. his current research focuses on the changing nature of state-civil society relations in Latin America resulting from neoliberal restructuring and democratization. His book Barrio Democracy in Latin America: Participatory Decentralization and Community Activism in Montevideo (Penn State, 2010) is an eth-nographic study of the experiences of participatory decentralization in three working class neighborhoods in Montevideo city. He has published a number of articles and book chapters on social move-ments and state-society relations. (ecanel@yorku.ca)

Julián Durazo Herrmann is Assistant Professor in political science at the Université de Québec à Montréal, where he also heads the Participatory Democracy and Public Space Revitalization axis of the Nycole Turmel Chair of Public Space and Public Innovation. His research focuses on democratic transitions, neopatrimonialism, the state, and sub-national political enclaves, and his work has appeared in Journal of Politics in Latin America , Fédéralisme et regionalisme, Revue internationale de politique comparée, Regional and Federal Studies, Foro Internacional, Vetas, Estudios fronterizos, and Études internationales . (durazo.julian@uqam.ca)

C on t r i bu t or s248

Jonathan Fox teaches in the Latin American and Latino Studies Department at the University of California, Santa Cruz. His most recent books are Subsidizing Inequality: Mexican Corn Policy Since NAFTA (Woodrow Wilson Center, coeditor, 2010), Confronting the Coffee Crisis: Fair Trade, Sustainable Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Mexico and Central America (MIT, coeditor, 2008), Accountability Politics: Power and Voice in Rural Mexico (Oxford, 2007), Mexico’s Right-to-Know Reforms: Civil Society Perspectives/ Derecho a saber: Balance y perspectivas cívicas (FUNDAR/Woodrow Wilson Center, co-editor, 2007), and Invisible No More: Mexican Migrant Civic Participation in the United States/Al fin visibles: La presencia cívica mexicana en los Estados Unidos (Woodrow Wilson Center, coedi-tor, 2006). In 2004, he was awarded the Latin American Studies Association/OXFAM Martin Diskin Memorial Lectureship, in rec-ognition of his contribution to research in the public interest. He currently serves on the boards of Oxfam-America (Boston), Fundar: Center for Analysis and Research (Mexico City) and the Community Agro-Ecology Network (Santa Cruz). (jafox@ucsc.edu)

Robert Gay is Professor of Sociology and Director of the Toor-Cummings Centre for International Studies and Liberal Arts (CISLA) at Connecticut College. His research focuses on clientelism, democracy, civil society, and, more recently, drug trafficking, vio-lence, and organized crime in Brazil. His work on clientelism includes Popular Organization and Democracy in Rio de Janeiro: A Tale of Two Favelas (Temple University Press, 1994). He is also the author of Lucia: Testimonies of a Brazilian Drug Dealer’s Woman (Temple University Press, 2005), as well as various other articles and book chapters. (rjgay@conncoll.edu)

Tina Hilgers is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Concordia University (Montreal, Canada). Her research interests lie in poor people’s politics, clientelism, state-society relations, development, and democracy. Her work has been published in Theory and Society , Politique et Sociétés , Journal of Iberian and Latin American Research , Latin American Politics and Society , and the Latin American Research Review. (bettinahilgers@gmail.com)

Pablo Lapegna is Assistant Professor in the Department of Sociology and the Latin American and Caribbean Studies Insitute at the University of Georgia. His research focuses on contentious politics, ethnography, and contemporary Latin America and his work has appeared in the Journal of World Systems Research, and Latin American Politics and Society . (pablo.lapegna@gmail.com)

C on t r i bu t or s 249

Françoise Montambeault is Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the Université de Montréal. She wrote her dis-sertation on democratic decentralization and citizenship, comparing cases of local participatory governance in Mexico and Brazil. Her primary research interests are comparative politics and the political economy of development, as well as democratization and social par-ticipation in Latin America. Her articles have appeared in Politique et Sociétés , Latin American Politics and Society , and the Journal of Civil Society . (francoise.montambeault@umontreal.ca)

Luis Roniger is Reynolds Professor of Latin American Studies at Wake Forest University. He has published nearly 30 works on the subject of clientelism, including Democracy, Clientelism, and Civil Society (coeditor, Lynne Rienner, 1994), Hierarchy and Trust in Modern Mexico and Brazil (Praeger, 1990), and Patrons, Clients, and Friends (with S. N. Eisenstadt, Cambridge, 1984). He has also pub-lished extensively on human rights, collective identity, and exile, and his latest book is The Politics of Exile in Latin America (with Mario Sznajder, Cambridge, 2009). (ronigerl@wfu.edu)

Jon Shefner is Professor and Head of Sociology at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville. His interest in clientelism derived from his studies of the urban popular movement in Guadalajara, Mexico from 1991–2006. During that work and later, Shefner examined how poor people contested state dominance while pursuing both material goods and human rights, even while clientelist networks attempted to pull in apparently independent neighborhood organizations. His work related to this topic includes The Illusion of Civil Society (Penn State, 2008) and Out of the Shadows (coeditor, Penn State 2006). Other recent work includes Global Connections and Local Receptions (coedi-tor, University of Tennessee, 2009) and Globalization and Beyond: New Examinations of Global Power and its Alternatives (coeditor, Penn State 2011). (jshefner@utk.edu)

Abers, Rebecca, 138 Abrucio, Fernando, 131 Adams, Paul S., 179 Aguilar Camín, Héctor, 124 Albro, Robert, 32 Alexander, Jeffrey C., 33 Alonso, Guillermo V., 37 Alvito, Marcos, 87 Amora, Dimmi, 133 Anayiotos, Andrea, 14 Andrade Sánchez, Eduardo, 127 Angeriz, Alvaro, 16 Anze, Rosario, 70 Arbona, Juan Manuel, 70–1 Arestis, Philip, 16 Argentina, 18–19 , 31 , 34 , 36 ,

66–8 , 73 , 178 Arias, Enrique Desmond, 66 , 88 Arretche, Marta, 131 Athayde, Celso, 87 Attwood, Donald, 65 Auyero, Javier, 3 , 11 , 13 , 19 ,

36–7 , 66–7 , 102 , 165 , 171 Avritzer, Leonardo, 29 , 35 ,

100 , 107 , 138 , 173

Bahia, Brazil, 20 , 121–4 , 130–5 Baiocchi, Gianpaolo, 131 , 138–9 ballot secrecy, 6 , 174 , 188 , 192–3 ,

195–6 , 202 , 209–10n13 , 210n14

Banck, Geert A., 84 Barbosa da Silva, Evanildo, 105 ,

111–12 , 114 Barreira, César, 124 , 132 Bateman, Milford, 8

Bearman, Peter, 65 behavioral economics, 14 Bergamino, Ariel, 140 Berman, Bruce, 9 , 181–2 Bill, M. V., 87 Birdsall, Nancy, 217 Blakeley, Georgina, 15 Bolivia, 32 , 79n3 , 80n15 , 86

Black February (burning of the Alcaldía), 63 , 67–78

El Alto, 19 , 63–4 , 68–78 Law of Popular Participation

(LPP), 71–2 Borges, André, 131–2 Braga, Saturnino, 85 Brainard, Lael, 92 Bratton, Michael, 4 , 180–1 Brazil:

Bahia, 20 , 121–4 , 130–5 Comando Vermelho and, 86–7 ,

92–3 , 96n15–16 , 98n33 Olympic Games and, 89 , 92 ,

94–5 participatory budgeting (PB)

and, 99–119 Porto Alegre, 35 , 100 , 139 Recife, 100–19 , 119n2–4 , 119n7 Rio de Janeiro, 19 , 58 , 67 ,

81–95 , 118 violence in, 81–3 , 90–5 , 96n5 World Cup and, 92 , 94–5

Brito, Cristóvão, 130 Brizola, Leonel, 87 Broad Front coalition. See Frente

Amplio (Uruguay) Broadbent, Jeffrey, 66

Inde x

I n de x252

Brusco, Valeria, 31 , 66 , 207 Buitrago, Francisco Leal, 36 Burgwal, Gerrit, 67 , 102 Burns, Danny, 138 Cable, Sherry, 65 Cabral, Sergio, 92–3 Calvo, Ernesto, 33 Cammack, Paul, 46 , 49 Canel, Eduardo, 4 , 11 , 19–21 , 38 ,

117 , 138 , 140 , 143 , 189 Cano, Ignacio, 95 Cardoso, Fernando Henrique, 35 ,

131–2 , 209n7 Carothers, Thomas, 219 , 15 , 183 Carrasco, Diódoro, 126 , 129 Caruso, Arles, 140 Centeno, Miguel Angel, 4 , 14 , 17 Cerqueira, Carlos Magno

Nazareth, 87 Chakravarty, Shanti P., 16 Chaves Teixeira, Ana Claudia, 105 ,

112 , 114 Chávez, Daniel, 138 Chávez, Hugo, 34 , 36 Chile, 18 , 38 , 171–2 Chubb, Judith, 178 civic organizations, 64 , 69–78 ,

79n3. See also social movements Clapham, Christopher, 47 , 49 Clark, Colin, 31 , 67 , 183 clientelism:

access to resources and, 53 carlismo , 131 collective, 10 , 12 , 20 , 101–2 ,

104 , 112 , 116–18 , 196 collective action and, 63–70 continuum of, 19 , 42–4 ,

170–1 , 183 co-option and, 7 , 18 , 47 , 102 ,

114 , 119 , 124–5 , 181 definitions of, 26–9 , 44 , 65 ,

99–100 , 121 , 161–85 , 187–91 , 208n2

democratizing, 16–22

double transformation and, 27 dyadic, 10 , 12 , 20 , 101–2 , 108 ,

116–17 evaluating, 12–16 exclusionary, 11 , 43 , 101 ,

118 , 203 forms of representation and,

45–52 fragility of, 25–39 , 134 hybridization and, 20 , 122–3 ,

126 , 133–5 inclusionary, 11 , 20 , 41–2 ,

55 , 118 , 135 as integrator of marginalized

populations, 7 mutual benefit and, 11 , 18 ,

26 , 44 , 192 organizational level of, 176–9 paradigm, 29–31 perverse accountability and, 11 ,

174 , 191 re-clientelization, 34–5 relationship level of, 169–76 , 188 resilience of, 25–39 resource distribution and, 16 ,

132 , 196–201 semiclientelism, 43 , 102 social action and, 29 solidarity and, 49–50 state or system level of, 179–83 study of, 161–85 subnational authoritarianism

and, 20 , 121–35 terminology, 28 thin, 102–3 , 166 varieties of, 8–12 , 44–5 voluntarism and, 10 , 165 See also specific cities, states, and

countries collective action, 3 , 9 , 19 , 21 , 48 ,

63–70 , 78–9 , 108–9 , 112 , 116–19 , 137 , 152–3 , 156

Collier, David, 5 , 12 , 162–3 , 167

Collor de Mello, Fernando, 35

I n de x 253

Colombia, 18 , 27 , 30 , 35–6 , 45 , 47 , 67 , 86 , 92 , 208n1

Condepa, 70 , 80n12 Cornelius, W. A., 10 , 46–7 , 50 ,

165 , 182 corporatism, 124 , 127–8 , 134 ,

136n1 , 139 , 178–9 , 182 , 185n6

Corrado, Lisa, 131 corruption, 28 , 35 , 39 , 51–5 ,

69–70 , 73 , 78 , 94–5 , 111 , 129 , 162 , 167 , 172–3 , 178–81 , 185n3

Corzo Fernández, Susana, 28 Cosío Villegas, Daniel, 124 Costa Rica, 32 Cross, Rob, 13–14 Cruz Martínez, Mario, 126 da Silva, Tarcisio, 112 Dahl, Robert A., 4–5 , 55 Dalton, Margarita, 125–6 Dantas Neto, Paulo

Fábio, 130 , 132 Dantas Neto, Paulo

Fábio, 130 , 132 Dávila de Guevara, Andrés, 36 de la Torre, Augusto, 16 democracy:

clientelism compared with, 41–58

definitions of, 4–5 , 41–58 pluralism and, 21 , 39 , 43 , 47 , 51 ,

118 , 134 , 137 , 142 , 147–52 third wave, 3–5 weak, 6 , 16 See also clientelism

democratization, 16–20 , 46–58 , 63–9 , 79n4 , 83–4 , 95n1 , 96n10 , 100–1 , 116 , 121–2 , 134–5 , 191 , 198

Diamond, Larry, 46 , 49 , 54 , 122–3

Diani, Mario, 64 Dias Tavares, Luís Henrique, 130

Díaz Uribe, Eduardo, 27 Dowdney, Luke, 87 drug gangs, 86–95 , 97n18 , 97n20,

98n36 Dryzek, J., 55 Duran Ortíz, Juan Pablo, 8 Durazo Herrmann, Julián, 3 ,

19–20 , 121–3 , 189 , 201

economic inequality, 8 , 11 , 41–58 Ecuador, 32 Edie, Carlene, 45–6 , 50 , 59n5 Egypt, 181 , 183 Eisenstadt, Shmuel, 9 , 26 , 28 , 31 ,

99 , 121 , 164 , 179–81 Eisenstadt, Todd, 127 El Alto, Bolivia, 19 , 63–4 , 68–78 electoral fraud, 6–7 , 181 , 193 Engel, Ulf, 180 , 182 Enterline, Andrew J., 6 Erdmann, Gero, 180 , 182 Escobar, Arturo, 83 Escobar, Cristina, 36 , 45 , 47 Evans, Peter, 130 , 138

Fauré, Yves-André, 133 favelas (shanty towns), 19–20 , 67 ,

81 , 83–95 , 96n13 , 97n21 , 118 , 166 , 175

Fernández-Kelly, Patricia, 8–9 , 102 Ferro-Clerico, Lilia, 141 Flynn, Peter, 11 Forment, Carlos, 33 Foster, George M., 10 Foweraker, Joe, 58 Fox, Jonathan, 5 , 7 , 13 , 15 , 21–2 ,

30–1 , 43 , 47 , 51 , 57–8 , 102–4 , 117 , 123 , 126 , 134 , 165–6 , 182 , 187–8 , 191 , 195 , 200 , 202–3

Fox, Vincente, 136 Frente Amplio (Uruguay), 38 ,

137–50 , 157n1, 157n3 Fujimori, Alberto, 34 Fung, Archon, 138

I n de x254

Galo, Marcelino, 130 , 132 Ganev, Venelin I., 34 Gay, Robert, 3 , 13 , 19–20 , 30 , 35 ,

46 , 51 , 57–8 , 66–7 , 84 , 88 , 102–3 , 117–18 , 166 , 171 , 175 , 182 , 184 , 189

Geddes, Barbara, 31 Gelzer, Matthias, 171 Germany, 182 Gerring, John, 12 , 162–3 Giddens, Anthony, 170 , 183 Gilbert, Alan, 46 Gill, Lesley, 70 Gingerich, Daniel, 6 Goldfrank, Benjamin, 45 , 138 Goldstone, Jack, 66 , 69 Gould, Roger, 65 Gouldner, Alvin W., 11 , 165 Graham, Richard, 26–7 , 33 Granovetter, Mark, 14 Graziano, Luigi, 10 , 162 , 184 Greig, Michael, 6 Grindle, Merilee S., 6 Grynszpan, Mário, 88 Guaygua, Germán, 70 Gugler, Josef, 46 Güneş-Ayata, Ayşe, 11–12 , 26 ,

29 , 66 Gunst, Laurie, 67

Hagopian, F., 17 , 55 , 100 Haight, L., 195 , 202 Hall Jamieson, Kathleen, 32 Haller, William, 8 , 14 , 17 Hambleton, Robin, 138 Haque, Shamsul, 6 Harbeson, John, 15 Helmke, Gretchen, 4 , 9 , 13 , 16 ,

66 , 123 Heredia, Blanca, 11 Hernández Díaz, Jorge, 126 Hernández Navarro, Luis, 129 Hicken, A., 188–9 , 192 , 196 , 207 Hilgers, Tina, 9 , 11 , 21 , 26 , 32 , 38 ,

42 , 54 , 58 , 63 , 66 , 81 , 101 ,

103 , 121–3 , 167 , 171 , 174 , 184 , 188–9 , 207

Ho, Ming-sho, 66 Hoggett, Paul, 138 Holston, James, 86 Holzner, Claudio, 15 , 65–6 Homans, George C., 169 , 174 Honduras, 18 , 32 , 46 Hutchcroft, Paul D., 172

Ibarra, Pedro, 64 Iglesias, Ricardo, 76 informal networks, 13–16 Inglehart, Ronald, 5 , 14 International Monetary Fund

(IMF), 8 , 63 Italy, 33 , 168 , 178

Jamaica, 18 , 46–7 , 49 , 57 , 67 Japan, 39 , 66 , 182 Jenson, Jane, 7 João da Costa, 111 , 115 João Paulo Silva e Lima, 105 , 110 ,

115 , 119n7 juntas escolares (school assemblies),

71 juntas vecinales (grassroots

neighborhood assemblies), 71

Karl, Terry Lynn, 5 , 48–9 , 54 , 123 Kettering, Sharon, 65 Kitschelt, Herbert, 9–10 , 13 , 26 ,

42 , 57 , 102 , 117 , 166 , 192 , 196

Koehler, Kevin, 181 Kriesi, Hanspeter, 66 Krishna, Anirudh, 8 , 170 , 184 Kurzman, Charles, 12 , 175 , 195

Landé, Carl H., 10 , 164 Lapegna, Pablo, 3 , 19 Lazar, Sian, 13 , 66 , 70–3 Lebanon, 18 , 46 Lechner, N., 56 Leeds, Anthony, 46

I n de x 255

Leeds, Elizabeth, 46 , 87 Legg, Keith, 11 , 47 Lehman, Edward W., 179 Lemarchand, Rene, 65 Lemieux, Vincent, 27 Leonard, David K., 9 , 11 , 124 ,

126 , 134 Levitsky, Steven, 4–5 , 9 , 13 , 16 ,

34 , 66 , 123 linguistic hypocrisy, 15 Linz, Juan J., 5 , 46 , 54 Lipset, Seymour Martin, 54 Lomnitz, Larissa Adler, 171–2 López, Cuauhtémoc, 128 Losada Lora, Rodrigo, 36–7 Lubambo, Cátia, 106 , 108 Lula da Silva, Luiz Inácio, 92 , 132 Maclean, Kate, 8 Magalhães, Antônio Carlos (ACM),

130–3 , 136n3 Magalhães, Roberto, 106–7 , 110 Mahon, James E., 12 , 162–3 , 167 Maldonado, M., 202 Marshall, T. H., 55 Martínez Vásquez, Victor, Raúl,

125 , 127–9 Martinez-Diaz, Leonardo, 92 Martz, John D., 36 Masdeu, Willan, 143 McAdam, Doug, 64 McCourt, Willy, 172 McGuire, Gail M., 14 Medeiros, Carmen, 72 Medina, Luis Fernando, 31 Melo, Marcus André, 106 , 108 Menem, Carlos, 34 Menezes, Rachel, 16 Mexico, 20 , 30 , 33–4 , 38 , 41 ,

53–4 , 66 , 165–6 elections in, 194–5 Frente Popular Francisco Villa

(FPFV), 177–8 Mexico City, 170 , 173–4 , 177 ,

207

National Solidarity Program, 210n18

Oaxaca, 20 , 121–9 , 131 , 133–5 , 201

Oportunidades (cash transfer) program, 200–3

Procampo, 22 , 201–2 Meyer, Lorenzo, 124 Middlebrook, Kevin J., 179 Migdal, Joel S., 7 Mills Ivins, William, 178 Mitchell, Kenneth, 54 , 58 Moaes, Graziella, 95 Montambeault, Françoise, 4 , 19–20 ,

30 , 102–3 , 105 , 138 , 189 , 201 Montevideo, Uruguay, 20 , 32 , 38 ,

137–57 , 157n2 Morris, Aldon D., 64 Mota, Aurea, 124 , 133 Munck, Gerardo, 123 Murat, José, 127–8 Murillo, María Victoria, 33 Murilo de Carvalho, José, 121 , 130 Murphy, Arthur, 125

Nadeau, Kathy, 7 Nazareno, Marcelo, 31 , 66 , 207 Nelson, Joan, 44–7 , 49 Nelson, Lise K., 67 neocorporatism, 127–8 , 134 neoliberalism, 34 , 42 , 51 , 53–8 ,

59n6 , 66 , 70 , 126 neopatrimonialism, 28 , 121 , 126 ,

135 , 180–3 Newbury, Colin, 7 Nichter, Simeon, 12 , 195 , 207 Nohria, Nitin, 13–14 non-governmental organizations

(NGOs), 52 , 88 , 94 , 106–7 , 110–11 , 114 , 119n2 , 150–2

Norris, G. Lachelle, 65

Oaxaca, Mexico, 20 , 121–9 , 131 , 133–5 , 201

Ocampo, José Antonio, 8 , 16

I n de x256

O’Connor, Edwin, 30 O’Donnell, Guillermo, 4 , 6 , 13 ,

51 , 65 Oliveira, Francisco de, 130 Olympic Games, 89 , 92–5 Ong, Lynette H., 9 Ontaneda, Miranda, 27 Ottman, Goetz, 132–3 Oxhorn, Philip, 11 , 15 , 127 Palenque, Carlos, 70 Palmade, Vincent, 14 Pandolfi, Dulce Chaves, 88 Panizza, Francisco, 8 Papakostas, Apostolis, 183 Paredes, José Luis, 70 , 72–4 , 76–7 Parker, Andrew, 13–14 participation repertoires, 44 , 47 participatory budgeting (PB), 20 ,

100–19 , 119n2 , 119n4, 120n9 participatory decentralization (PD),

20–1 , 38 , 137–57 patrimonialism, 30 , 121 , 127 ,

130 , 179–83. See also neopatrimonialism

patronage politics, 63–79 , 79n2. See also clientelism

patronage, 6–7 , 19 , 28–39 , 50 , 54 , 57–8 , 131–2 , 164–5 , 167 , 171–3 , 183 , 207

Paul, Axel, 7 , 10 Penfold-Becerra, Michael, 34 , 36 ,

207–8 Penglase, Ben, 87 Pereira de Queiroz, Maria

Isaura, 124 Perlman, Janice, 46 Peronism, 36–7 , 45 , 68 personalism, 4 , 129 , 133 , 180–3 perverse accountability, 11 ,

174 , 191 Peters, John G., 173 Philp, Mark, 167 , 173 Piattoni, Simona, 10 , 30 , 102 ,

104 , 117 , 166 , 168

Pinho, Osmundo, 131 pluralism, 21 , 39 , 43 , 47 , 51 , 118 ,

134 , 137 , 142 , 147–52 Polanyi, K., 55–6 Pool, David, 46 , 49 populism, 18 , 33–4 , 37 , 66 , 70 , 87 pork-barreling, 162 , 167 , 175–6 ,

196–7 Portes, Alejandro, 4 , 8 , 14 , 17 ,

46 , 50 Portillo, Alvaro, 140 Porto Alegre, Brazil, 35 , 100 , 139 Postero, Nancy, 72 public goods, 7 , 17 , 41 , 99 , 102 , 107 ,

115–18 , 167 , 170 , 177 , 183 , 196–201 , 207 , 210n15–18

Putnam, Robert, 5 , 14

Ramírez, Heladio, 126 Rebellato, J. L., 143 Recife, Brazil, 100–19 , 119n2–4,

119n7 Recondo, David, 123 ,

125–6 , 128 regime compared with state, 190–1 Remmer, Karen L., 172 Reyna, José Luis, 124 Rezende, Flávio, 106 , 108 Ricci, Paolo, 175 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 19 , 58 , 67 ,

81–95 , 118 Risério, Antônio, 130 Rocha Menocal, Alina, 34 Rock, David, 65 Rojas, Bruno, 70 Rojas Rivera, Angela Milena, 34 Roldán, Mary, 67 Roniger, Luis, 3 , 6 , 9 , 11–12 , 15 ,

18 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 40n4 , 44–5 , 57 , 66 , 99 , 102–3 , 117 , 164–5 , 189

Rossteutscher, Sigrid, 15 Rouquié, Alain, 125 Rubin, Jeffrey, 125 Rubino, Silvana, 140

I n de x 257

Ruiz, Ulises, 128 Russia, 34 , 40n2

Sabet, Daniel, 37 Sadanandan, Anoop, 9 Salinas de Gortari, Carlos, 34 Saller, Richard P., 10 , 171 Sanabria, Harry, 70 Sánchez de Lozada, Gonzalo, 63 ,

73 , 76 Sandbrook, Richard, 13 , 17 ,

179–81 Sandoval, Godofredo, 70 Sarney, José, 131 Sartori, Giovanni, 161–3 , 166 , 188 Schaffer, Frederic C., 9 , 12–13 ,

173–4 , 195 Schedler, A., 202 Schein, Edgar, 177 Scheiner, Ethan, 182 Schmidt, Selma, 88 Schmidt, Steffen W., 9 , 12 , 67 Schmitter, Philippe, 5 , 51 Schneider, Aaron, 66 Schumpeter, Joseph, 123 Scott, James, 10 , 130 , 164 , 171 ,

178 Shefner, Jon, 4 , 8–11 , 13 , 15–16 ,

18–19 , 22n2 , 32–3 , 45 , 52 , 57 , 102 , 117 , 189

Shefter, Martin, 9 Silva, Neide, 105 , 111 Silverman, Sydel, 10 Singapore, 196 Singelmann, Peter, 10 , 165 , 171 Sives, Amanda, 49 , 57 , 67 Skalnik Leff, Carol, 123 Skidmore, Thomas, 35 Smilde, David, 66 Smith, Martin, 47 Snow, David, 66 Snyder, Richard, 126 , 208 Soares, Luiz Eduardo, 87 Sobarzo, Horacio, 127 social exchange networks, 13

social movements, 9 , 15–16 , 30 , 48 , 53 , 63–78 , 79n3–4 , 104–5 , 114 , 119n5 , 132 , 148 , 158n9

Sostres, M. Fernanda, 70 Soule, Sarah A., 66 Souto-Maior Fontes, Breno

Augusto, 107–8 Souza, Celina, 131 Souza Júnior, Walter Altino de, 131 Soviet Union, 22n1 , 86 Spain, 15 , 33 , 86 Stepan, Alfred, 5 , 46 , 54 Stepick, Alex, 125 Stoica, Cătălin Augustin, 34 Stokes, Susan, 11 , 13 , 15 , 31 , 66 ,

166 , 174 , 178 , 191 , 195 , 207 , 208n2 , 209n12

Stone, Carl, 47 subnational politics, 3 , 20 , 35 ,

121–35 , 188 , 204–8 Sudarsky, John, 35–6 Szwarcberg, Mariela, 9

Taiwan, 66 , 174–5 , 195 Talento, Biaggio, 133 Tammany Hall, 59n5 , 178 Tarrow, Sidney, 9 , 15 Taylor, Lucy, 66 Taylor-Robinson, Michelle, 46 , 48 Tilly, Charles, 66 , 69 , 78 Tocqueville, Alexis de, 5 , 14 , 46 Tordoff, William, 46 , 49 Tosoni, Magdalena, 66

Ubilla, P., 143 Uruguay, 20 , 32 , 38 , 137–57 ,

157n2 , 158n8

van de Walle, Nicolas, 180–1 Vasconcelos, Jarbas, 104 , 106 , 111 ,

119n5 Vásquez, Genaro, 124 Vass, Laszlo, 34 Vázquez, Tabaré, 141 , 149 Vélez-Ibañez, Carlos, 46 , 48

I n de x258

Veloso, Junco, 36 Veneziano, Alicia, 143 , 157n3 Venezuela, 18 , 32 , 34 , 36 , 45 , 66 ,

207 vote-buying, 7 , 12 , 21 , 162 , 167 ,

173–5 , 178 , 184 , 187 , 191–7 , 202 , 208n1 , 209n11, 209–10n13 , 210n15 , 211n21

Wagner, Jacques, 132–3 Waiselfisz, Julio, 82 Wampler, Brian, 100 , 106–9 , 138 Wang, Chin-Shou, 12 , 175 , 195 Wantchekon, Leonard, 175–6 Ward, Peter, 48 Warner, Carolyn, 31 Weber, Max, 12 , 163 , 169 , 174 ,

176 , 179 , 183 Weingrod, Alex, 11–12 , 166 ,

172 , 184 Welch, Susan, 173

Welzel, Christian, 5 Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 (U.S.),

65 White, Gordon, 58 Whitehead, Laurence, 51 Wilkinson, Steven I., 9–10 , 13 , 26 ,

42 , 57 , 117 , 166 , 192 , 196 Winn, Peter, 141 Wolf, Eric R., 164 , 170 Wolffram, Dirk Jan, 182 World Bank, 8 , 38–9 World Cup, 92 , 94–5 Wright, Erik Olin, 138

Yescas Martínez, Isidoro, 127 , 129 Zaluar, Alba, 88 Zambia, 18 , 46 Zamosc, Leon, 32 Zedillo, Ernesto, 34 Zúniga-Hamlin, Rebecca, 66