Quick-write

• Why do you think some rocks fizzed with acid?

Sedimentary Rocks

• Sedimentary rocks are formed when sediment is pressed and cemented together over millions of years.

• Sediment is small pieces of material that have been broken off rocks and have been deposited by water, wind or ice.

Types of sedimentary rocks:

1) Limestone• Made from sea shells. Sea shells are

made from the mineral calcite.• Smooth texture. • Limestone rock fizzes when tested

with acid.

Calcite is CaCO3 (calcium carbonate).

CaCO3 + acid CO2

CO2 causes effervescence (fizzing)

2) Sandstone• Made from sand particles cemented

together.• Rough texture.• When rubbed together sand

particles break off.• Does not fizz with acid; does not

contain calcite.

3) Shale• Made from very small particles

cemented together. • Smooth texture.• Black in color.• May contain fossils.• Does not fizz with acid; does not

contain calcite.

9

9

8

8

7

7

6

6

5

4

10

Limestone

Limestone

9

9

8

8

7

7

6

6

5

4

10

Limestone

Limestone

Limestone

Limestone

Limestone

Sandstone

Sandstone Sandstone

Sandstone

Shale

Shale

9

9

8

8

7

7

6

6

5

4

10

4,5,9 & 10 are all limestoneGeologists have given them different names:

• 4 is Muav limestone• 5 is Redwall• 9 is Toroweap limestone• 10 is Kaibab limestone

8 & 9 are both sandstone• 6 is Supai sandstone• 8 is Coconino sandstone

7 is called Hermit Shale

ToroweapLimestone

MuavLimestone

RedwallLimestone

KaibabLimestone

ToroweapLimestone

CoconinoSandstone

SupaiSandstone

CoconinoSandstone

SupaiSandstone

HermitShale

HermitShale

9

9

8

8

7

7

6

6

5

4

10

Which layer of rock is the oldest on your correlation sheet?