Questions for Bonus Marks_____________________________________________________________________

Please note that one answer only will be graded.Thus, select a question that you are able to give the potential correct answer.

Write your answer in a clear, structured essay to get the full mark.Email your answer to your Dosen Kelas and Dosen Asisten

Dateline: 31 December 2014_____________________________________________________________________

Cell 1 - Sedative, alcohol, and many other drugs are required in a higher dose for a person whohas frequently exposed to those substances, due to increase in tolerance. Focus on humandetoxifying organ and organelle, explain how that occurs.

Cell 2 - In the supermarket, lettuce and other produce is often sprayed with water. Explain whythis makes vegetables crisp.

Genetics 1 - The Cavendish banana is the most popular fruit in the world, but is currentlythreatened by extinction due to a fungal agent. This banana variety is triploid (3n, with threesets of chromosomes) and can only reproduce through cloning by cultivators. Given what youknow about meiosis, explain how the bananas triploid number accounts for its seedlesscondition.

Mechanism of Evolution 1 A lake was formed 14,000 years ago when a glacier that coveredthe surrounding area melted. Initially devoid of animal life, over time the lake was colonized byinvertebrates and other animals. Explain how mutation, natural selection, genetic drift, andgene flow may have affected populations that colonized the lake.

Mechanism of Evolution 2 Suppose that females of one population of strawberry poison dartfrogs (Dendrobates pumilio) prefer to mate with males that have a bright red and blackcoloration. In a different population, the females prefer males with yellow skin. Explain howsuch differences could have arisen in allopatric versus sympatric populations.

Biological Diversity 1 Bacteria reproduce asexually but their genetic diversity is high. Explainhow the small size and rapid reproduction rate of bacteria contribute to high genetic variationand their large population sizes.