Buzzer Question # 1 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Biology Question:                       What is the primary reason for the great abundance of fish along the Peruvian coast? Answer W:                      upwelling Answer X:                       warm water temperatures Answer Y:                       longshore currents Answer Z:                      sea mounts    Correct Answer:  W: upwelling  

Buzzer Question # 2 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Chemical Question:                       What is the chemical name for the most common mineral in sea water?         Correct Answer:   Sodium chloride         

Buzzer Question # 3 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       No matter which direction the wind is blowing, waves always approach a sloping beach about what angle to the shore? Answer W:                      10 degrees Answer X:                       40 degrees Answer Y:                       90 degrees Answer Z:                      120 degrees Correct Answer:  Y: 90 degrees    

Buzzer Question # 4 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What is the name for the interface between a sea and a river where the salinity is greatest at high tide and least at low tide?         Correct Answer:  an estuary        

Buzzer Question # 5 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Chemical Question:                       What is the average pH value of seawater? Answer W:                      3.8 to 4.2 Answer X:                       5.6 to 6.4 Answer Y:                       7.5 to 8.4 Answer Z:                      11.2 to 12.8 Correct Answer:  Y: 7.5 to 8.4     

 Buzzer Question # 6 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geology Question:                       What is the term for landforms that are produced by the growth of coral reefs around the shores of islands that have subsided over the centuries?         Correct Answer:  atolls        

Buzzer Question # 7 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       If water only absorbed light and did not scatter it, what color would the water appear from above? Answer W:                      blue Answer X:                       green Answer Y:                       white Answer Z:                      black Correct Answer:  Z: black  

Buzzer Question # 8 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       Name the three main factors that influence the height of a wind generated ocean wave.         Correct Answer:   the velocity (speed) of the wind the distance over which the wind blows (fetch) how long the wind blows 

Buzzer Question # 9 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Biology Question:                       Stenothermal organisms are found mostly in the open ocean because … Answer W:                      large ranges of temperature do not occur there Answer X:                       they are not sensitive to the constant changing of salinity Answer Y:                       the temperature is constantly changing which limits the predators that live there Answer Z:                      they evolved a tolerance for the wide range of salinity conditions Correct Answer:  W: large ranges of temperature do not occur there 

Buzzer Question # 10 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geography Question:                       What sea has a name based on the seasonal blooms of algae that color the surface of the water?         Correct Answer:  Red Sea 

Buzzer Question # 11  Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geology Question:                       The interruption of sand supply and the resulting narrowing of beaches is called Answer W:                      beach replenishment Answer X:                       beach compartments Answer Y:                       beach starvation Answer Z:                      submerging shorelines Correct Answer:  Y: beach starvation

Buzzer Question # 12 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What happens to the wavelength as an ocean wave moves from deeper to more shallow water?         Correct Answer:  the wavelength decreases 

Buzzer Question # 13 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Chemical Question:                       One of the most important roles of bacteria in marine food webs is: Answer W:                      Causing fish diseases Answer X:                       Recycling of nutrients Answer Y:                       Being the main food source for jellyfish Answer Z:                      Being the main food source for copepods and euphausiids Correct Answer:  X: Recycling of nutrients

Buzzer Question # 14 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       In 1958 a giant wave surged 1740 feet up the side of a mountain in Latuya Bay, Alaska, completely denuding the promontory of trees. What was the cause of this wave?         Correct Answer:  an earthquake 

Buzzer Question # 15 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Biological Question:                       Some bacteria, such as cyanobacteria, are … Answer W:                      Carnivores Answer X:                       Herbivores Answer Y:                       Omnivores Answer Z:                      Primary producers Correct Answer:  Z: Primary producers

Buzzer Question # 16 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geological Question:                       The black sand beaches of Hawaii are made of what type of rock?         Correct Answer:  Basalt 

Buzzer Question # 17 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Chemical Question:                       Why are lithogenous sediments found near continents? Answer W:                      Their source is the weathering, or breakdown, of continental rocks. Answer X:                       Their source is plankton that are more abundant near shore. Answer Y:                       They are produced in coastal upwelling regions. Answer Z:                      They dissolve in the deepest parts of the ocean. Correct Answer:  W: Their source is the weathering, or breakdown, of continental rocks.

Buzzer Question # 18 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: history Question:                       One of the largest tsunamis in history resulted from the explosion of what volcanic island in the Strait of Sunda between Sumatra and Java in 1883?         Correct Answer:  Krakatoa 

Buzzer Question # 19 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Chemical Question:                       Most of the salt dissolved in seawater is: Answer W:                      Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) Answer X:                       Iron oxide (Fe2O3) Answer Y:                       Sodium chloride (NaCl) Answer Z:                      Ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) Correct Answer: Y: Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Buzzer Question # 20 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geography Question:                       What bay in eastern Canada is known for its very large tidal range?         Correct Answer:  Bay of Fundy 

Buzzer Question # 21 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Chemical Question:                       Which of the following is usually found near subduction zones? Answer W:                      A mid-ocean ridge Answer X:                       A hydrothermal vent Answer Y:                        A deep-sea trench Answer Z:                      A flat abyssal plain Correct Answer:  Y: A deep-sea trench

Buzzer Question # 22 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       Which Pacific Ocean current moderates the climate of the southern portions of British Columbia and Vancouver Island?         Correct Answer:  Alaska Current 

Buzzer Question # 23 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       Where are the deep and bottom waters of the ocean formed? Answer W:                      Near the equator Answer X:                       On the sea floor at hydrothermal vent systems Answer Y:                       In the northern North Atlantic and in the Antarctic Answer Z:                      In the north Pacific Correct Answer:  Y: In the northern North Atlantic and in the Antarctic

Buzzer Question # 24 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What is the name for tides that occur just after new moon and full moon, when the gravitation attraction of the sun and moon act in a direct line?         Correct Answer:  Spring tides 

Buzzer Question # 25 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geology Question:                       A fjord is an example of a coastline that was mainly shaped by what? Answer W:                      Erosion by glaciers Answer X:                       Erosion by rivers Answer Y:                       Movements of the earth's crust due to plate tectonics Answer Z:                      Erosion and deposition of sediment by waves Correct Answer:  W: Erosion by glaciers

Buzzer Question # 26 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geology Question:                       What is the name for the submerged edges of continents with gradual slopes?         Correct Answer:  Continental shelves 

Buzzer Question # 27 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       If every bit of ice in the world melted, about how many meters would sea level rise? Answer W:                      6 Answer X:                       60 Answer Y:                       600 Answer Z:                      6000 Correct Answer:  X: 60     

 Buzzer Question # 28 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       Name the three properties that must be known to determine the density of sea water.         Correct Answer:  pressure, salinity and temperature  

Buzzer Question # 29 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       What are three types of ocean waves? Answer W:                      Ripples, seas and swells Answer X:                       Breakers, sliders and sinkers Answer Y:                       Tidal, flowing and ebbing Answer Z:                      Tsunami, frequency and longitudinal Correct Answer:  W: Ripples, seas and swells

Buzzer Question # 30 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What is the term for the process of snow or ice turning directly into water vapor, bypassing the liquid phase?         Correct Answer:  sublimation 

Buzzer Question # 31 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geology Question:                       The Puerto Rico Trench is the deepest part of the Atlantic Ocean. How does this trench differ from the deep trenches in the Pacific Ocean? Answer W:                      It is located at a divergent plate boundary Answer X:                       It is located at a transform plate boundary Answer Y:                       It is located at a convergent plate boundary Answer Z:                      It is located near a mid-ocean ridge Correct Answer:  X: It is located at a transform plate boundary

Buzzer Question # 32 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geological Question:                       What is the term for deep clefts descending from the continental slope?        Correct Answer:  submarine canyons 

Buzzer Question # 33 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geology Question:                       Biogenous sediments may contain which of the following? Answer W:                      Calcareous ooze Answer X:                       Turbidites Answer Y:                       Evaporites Answer Z:                      Volcanic ash Correct Answer:  W: Calcareous ooze

Buzzer Question # 34 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What is the term for the tidal current that occurs when the height of the tide is decreasing?         Correct Answer:  ebb current or ebb tide 

Buzzer Question # 35 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geography Question:                       Which sea is landlocked? Answer W:                      Black Sea Answer X:                       Caspian Sea Answer Y:                       Sea of Cortez Answer Z:                      North Sea Correct Answer:  X: Caspian Sea 

Buzzer Question # 36 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       What characterizes the aphotic zone of the ocean?         Correct Answer:  not enough sunlight for photosynthesis to occur 

Buzzer Question # 37 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Physical Question:                       An ocean wave will break when the ratio of its height to its length is greater than what? Answer W:                      1/7 Answer X:                       1/8 Answer Y:                       1/9 Answer Z:                      1/10 Correct Answer:  W: 1/7

Buzzer Question # 38 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Physical Question:                       Thermohaline circulation is movement of seawater due to differences in what two properties?         Correct Answer:  temperature and salinity 

Buzzer Question # 39 Question Type: toss-up Question Format: Multiple Choice Category: Geology Question:                       Which ocean zone contains over 75% of the total volume of the world’s oceans? Answer W:                      Bathyal zone Answer X:                       Neritic zone Answer Y:                       Photic zone Answer Z:                      Abyssal zone Correct Answer:  Z: Abyssal zone    

 Buzzer Question # 40 Question Type: Bonus Question Format: Short Answer Category: Geography Question:                       What current flows northward along the western coast of South America?         Correct Answer:  Humboldt OR Peru Current