Quality Evolution of Quality

8/10/2019 Quality Evolution of Quality

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TOTALQUALITY

MANAGEMENT

Research By: Vivencio D. menchavez Jr

Quality TrainerMS-Total Quality Management

IRCA Lead Auditor ISO-9001-2000IRCA Lead Auditor ISO-14000-2004

SESSION 2 & 3


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What is Quality ?

Fitness for purpose or use Juran

Quality is conformance to therequirements. Crosby

Quality should be aimed at the needs ofthe consumer, present and future Dr. Deming


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What is GRADE?

Category or rank given to differentquality requirements for products,processes, or systems having thesame functional use

(ISO 9000:2008)


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Definitions of Quality

Product Based: Product Attributes User Based:

Fitness for intended use Value Based: Quality Vs Price Transcendent: Level of excellence Manufacturing Based: Conformance to specifications


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Quality Improvement for Customer Value

CUSTOMER

PRODUCTDESIGN

Quality ofPerformance / Use

Quality ofConformance

Quality of

Design / RedesignPurpose:

Customer Value


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Quality Parameters

Quality is a composite of three parameters: Quality of Design / Redesign Quality of Conformance Quality of Use / Performance

Quality of Design: (Product and User Based Quality) isthe extent to which the design reflects a product or servicethat satisfies the customer needs or expectations.

Quality of Conformance: (Manufacturing BasedQuality) is the extent to which the product or service conformsto the design standard expectations.

Quality of Use: (User Based Quality) is the extent towhich a product is easy to use, reliable and maintainable.


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The Evolution of Quality

The evolution can be broadlyclassified into five phases:

Inspection Quality Control Quality Assurance Total Quality Management Total Quality Assurance


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INSPECTION

It is the sorting of Nonconforming items from

the conforming itemsMeans separation ofDefective items from

the right items +Rework (IF NEEDED)


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Process

Inspection

Acceptance

Next Process

Reject,Scrap,Rework

No

Yes

INSPECTION (Acceptance Sampling)

Pass theInspection


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The Quality Control Phase

It involves analytical and diagnostictechniques and activities aimed atmonitoring a process and eliminatingcauses of unsatisfactory performancefor the prevention of defects.


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What is Quality Control?

The operational techniques andactivities that are used to fulfill therequirements for quality. (ISO 9000)This general area may be divided intotwo main sub areas:

Statistical Process Control Acceptance Sampling Plans

INSPECTION + Corrective action


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Comparison withRequirements

ProcessProcess Settings,Specifications, etc.

THE QUALITY CONTROL MODEL

Next Process

Corrective And

Preventive Actions

Process inControl

Yes

No

Corrective Actions: Action takento eliminate the cause of adetected nonconformity or otherundesirable situation.

(ISO 9000:2008)

Preventive Actions: Action takento eliminate the cause of apotential nonconformity or otherpotentially undesirable situation.

(ISO 9000:2008)


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Benefits of Quality Control

The advantages of a quality control system,however, become obvious in the long run. 1. Improvement in the quality of products and

services.

2. System is continually evaluated and modified tomeet the changing needs of the customer. 3. Improves productivity, which is one of the goals

of all organizations. 4. With improved productivity, the lead time on the

production of parts and subassemblies isreduced, which may result in an improvement inmeeting customer due dates

5. Reduces costs in the long run.


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What is Quality Assurance?

The objective of the quality assurancefunction is to have a formal system that willcontinually survey the effectiveness of the

quality philosophy of the company.

Quality Assurance : All those planned andsystematic activities implemented toprovide adequate confidence that an entitywill fulfill requirements for quality. (ISO 9000)


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The Quality Assurance Model

The emphasis is towards improvement ofthe process capability ,detection andprevention of non-conformance.Quality Assurance addresses the entire lifecycle of a product, starting from the initialproduct identification to final inspection,reliability in use and customer satisfaction.


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Comparison withRequirements

ProcessProcess Settings,Specifications, etc.

THE QUALITY ASSURANCE MODEL

Corrective &Preventive Actions

Process inControl

Yes

No

Process inControl

No

Continuous Process Improvement

Perform Design Of Experiment,Reliability Engineering

Yes

Improved ProcessSettings, Alternative

Material


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DefinitionsDesign of Experiment

(DOE)It is a structured and

organized method used

to determine therelationship betweenthe different factors(XS) effecting a processand the output ofprocess (Y).

10 -20 experiment relevant factors arevaried systematically results of experimentsare analyzed to identifythe optimum condition.

Reliability EngineeringIt is the study of

reliability, which is

the ability of aperson productsystem to performand maintain itsfunction in routineand unexpectedcircumstances .


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QC Vs QA

Quality Control Product

Reactive Line function Find Defects

Quality Assurance Process

Proactive Staff function Prevent defects

Line function: Decision making areas of an organizationassociated with its daily operations.Staff Function: The advisory , analysis and support functions

provided to line functions such as accounting , planning.


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Total Quality Assurance Model

Quality

System(ISO (9001)

+Tools

e. g SPC,DOEx= TQM

Team Work+

Specification,

Feedback,

Training,

Seminars

Good QualityProducts

Prompt Delivery

Supplier's QualitySystem(ISO 9001)+

Business Alliance &Technology

Sharing

Company

Supplier

Suppliers Management Commitment

Companys Management Commitment

Documents

Quality Evolution of Quality