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Path : chemicals > dmt > extraction_guide1 Against the drug war but not sure what to do about it? Join Erowid and help us spread accurate, independent information. QT's DMT Extraction for Students by Quantum Tantra v1.1.3 Originally archived at http://digilander.libero.it/irimias/dmt_guide.html (defunct) Citation: Last J. "Article Title". Publication . Jun 15 2003;2:19.Online edition: Erowid.org/plants/nutmeg/nutmeg_article#.shtml NOTE OF WARNING: QT's DMT Extraction for Students is archived by Erowid as a historical document. The process as described has been critiqued as flawed and dangerous several ways. Safer and more effective DMT extraction and purification techniques have been developed and made available in the years since the document below was created. For one such process, see Noman's "DMT for the Masses" . Specific concerns regarding QT's tek, detailed below, were sent to Erowid on behalf of the community at The DMT Nexus , who note: "Time and time again, people have come to The DMT Nexus or other web forums because they were following QT's tek and it either didn't work or they ran into serious issues trying to follow it. Our largest concerns with QT's tek are related to health and safety. Throughout the tek, comments on safely handling chemicals are scant. If we've learned one thing, it's that people doing extractions by following a tek as though it's a recipe often are not sticklers for proper handling and safety. Following the tek as it is written could lead to serious bodily harm, it may not successfully extract DMT, and even if some DMT is obtained, there is a strong possibility of it being contaminated with toxic substances." Erowid is grateful to be able to share the detailed commentary and harm-reduction efforts of The DMT Nexus folks. -- The Erowid Crew, February 4, 2011 Health and Safety Concerns 1) The tek recommends using hydrochloric acid without appropriate guidance on safe handling. While it also mentions other acids, HCl is specifically recommended. However, weaker acids like citric acid or vinegar are preferable alternatives because they can be handled more safely and are readily available at grocery stores. PDFmyURL.com

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Path : che micals > dmt > e xt ract ion_guide 1

Against the drug war but not sure what to do about it?Join Erowid and help us spread accurate, independent informat ion.

QT's DMT Extraction for Studentsby Quantum Tantrav1.1.3Orig inally archive d at ht tp://d ig ilande r.libe ro .it /irimias/dmt_guide .html (de funct )

Citation: Last J. "Article Title". Publication. Jun 15 2003;2:19.Online edition: Erowid.org/plants/nutmeg/nutmeg_article#.shtml

NOTE OF WARNING: QT's DMT Extraction for Students is archived by Erowid as a historical document . The process as described hasbeen crit iqued as f lawed and dangerous several ways. Safer and more ef fect ive DMT ext ract ion and purif icat ion techniques havebeen developed and made available in the years since the document below was created. For one such process, see Noman's "DMT forthe Masses".

Specif ic concerns regarding QT 's tek, detailed below, were sent to Erowid on behalf of the community at The DMT Nexus, who note:"Time and t ime again, people have come to The DMT Nexus or other web forums because they were following QT 's tek and it eitherdidn't work or they ran into serious issues t rying to follow it . Our largest concerns with QT 's tek are related to health and safety.Throughout the tek, comments on safely handling chemicals are scant . If we've learned one thing, it 's that people doing ext ract ions byfollowing a tek as though it 's a recipe of ten are not st icklers for proper handling and safety. Following the tek as it is writ ten could leadto serious bodily harm, it may not successfully ext ract DMT, and even if some DMT is obtained, there is a st rong possibilit y of it beingcontaminated with toxic substances." Erowid is grateful to be able to share the detailed commentary and harm-reduct ion ef fort s ofThe DMT Nexus folks. -- The Erowid Crew, February 4 , 2011

Health and Safety Concerns

1) The tek recommends using hydrochloric acid without appropriate guidance on safe handling. While it also ment ions other acids, HClis specif ically recommended. However, weaker acids like cit ric acid or vinegar are preferable alternat ives because they can be handledmore safely and are readily available at grocery stores.

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2) While the tek ment ions the health hazards of working with dichloromethane (DCM), it fails to note the f lammabilit y hazards ofnaphtha and ether. It likewise does not ment ion the intoxicat ion hazards f rom the fumes, which necessitate minimizing contact andusing them in a well-vent ilated and spark-f ree area (and some fans that one might use for vent ilat ion could have the potent ial ofcreating sparks).

3) The tek describes a method for obtaining ether f rom start ing f luid. This method will generally not obtain pure ether. Unless theext ractor has a good working knowledge of chemist ry and has consulted the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for the specif icstarter f luid, this could easily lead to very unhealthy contaminants in one's end product . The tek specif ically ment ions Coleman fuel,Zippo lighter f luid, and Ronsonol, all of which have been reported to contain non-volatile contaminants . Part icularly since the tek inst ructsthe ext ractor to obtain the f inal product by evaporat ion, this seriously needs to be addressed to prevent people f rom unwit t inglysmoking harmful contaminants.

4) No health and safety warnings are provided with regard to chloroform, which may be carcinogenic and can have other negat ivehealth ef fects if not handled properly.

5) Suggest ing that people employ ziploc bags as separatory funnels is hazardous in a couple of ways. Such bags are not made f romhigh-densit y polyethylene (HDPE), a plast ic known to have a high resistance to chemical solvents. Ziploc bags contain plast icizers(addit ives that increase f lexibilit y, and that have been implicated in adverse ef fects on health when consumed), which would likely leachinto naphtha; and since the naphtha is being evaporated, these plast icizers will end up in the ext racted DMT. While the tek doessuggest making sure that the solvent used doesn't melt the bag, this ignores the likelihood that it may leach harmful contaminants.(The suggest ion to use a "turkey baster" may present a similar problem, depending on what t ype of plast ic it is const ructed f rom.)Furthermore, there's a very good chance of spilling caust ic chemicals if the ziploc bag fails to work as ant icipated.

6) The tek calls for "warm naphtha" on mult iple occasions, but makes no ment ion of how to go about safely warming this f lamablesolvent . If unwary ext ractors were to heat it on a gas stove, they could easily f ind themselves with a f ireball in their face!

7) The tek does not present suf f icient safety warnings regarding lye (sodium hydroxide). "Take proper precaut ions" is not specif icenough advice. When working with lye, one should wear shat ter-resistant ant i-fog safety goggles, chemical-resistant (nit rile) safetygloves, a vapor/f luid-resistant face mask, and a polyethylene safety apron, to prevent blindness and chemical burns. One should alsohave an acid such as vinegar on-hand to neut ralize any possible lye spills.

8) The tek recommends obtaining the DMT by evaporat ing-of f the naphtha. Before it was widely known that purif icat ion could beperformed via f reeze-precipitat ion, this might have been excusable, if not for the fact that many of the tek's recommended variet iesof naphtha include non-volat ile contaminants, and the tek suggests employing non-HDPE plast ics. Considering the processesrecommended in the tek, any DMT obtained by evaporat ion is reasonably likely to be tainted with harmful contaminants and would notbe safe to consume. The tek acknowledges that the product will be impure, but provides no informat ion on purif ying it . Indeed, itexplicit ly seems to recommend consuming it , impurit ies and all. And "Don't worry about weighing it " is bad advice, plain and simple.

Technical Errors

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1) Incorrect terminology is used in step 3. One is not convert ing the DMT to a salt ; it 's already a salt in the plant material. And, ofcourse, the ions dissociate when salt s dissolve. The step might be more appropriately t it led "Dissolving DMT Cat ions in Water", or atleast "Dissolving Salt s of DMT".

2) Incorrect terminology is used in step 8. One is not unhooking the DMT salt s (they're in solut ion, so they aren't really hooked togetherat all). One is actually deprotonat ing the DMT cat ions to generate the f ree-base.

3) QT suggests that ammonia is t ypically used to basif y, and that this tek's use of lye is a departure f rom the norm. However, ammoniais not an ef fect ive base for Mimosa tenuiflora [= M. hostilis] root -bark (MHRB). All one will get is a stubborn emulsion.

4) The recommended pH af ter adding the base is too low; pH 9 is not high enough. With MHRB in part icular there are serious emulsionissues at pH 9; but even ignoring that , pH 9 is only 0.32 above the pKa (-log10 acid dissociat ion constant ) of DMT--not terribly ef f icient .

5) The tek states that it is ideal to ext ract an alkaloid at it s pKa. This not necessarily t rue. At it s pKa, half of the alkaloid is protonatedand the other half unprotonated. In ideal condit ions (i.e., assuming inf inite solubilit y in the nonpolar ext ract ion solvent ), this is suf f icientsince Le Châtelier's principle is on one's side. But unless there are instabilit y-related complicat ions or other factors to account for, it 'sbet ter to have the vast majorit y of the alkaloid in the desired form (in this case, unprotonated)--especially with MHRB, where emulsionsare a crucial issue.

6) The tek t reats emulsions as though they are inevitable, that one should not be concerned if these take several days to resolve, andthat it 's near-miraculous for an emulsions to resolve in less than an hour. This is insanit y. Emulsions can be prevented by ensuringsuf f icient ly high pH and by mixing gent ly (rather than shaking, as the tek suggests). The addit ion of plain salt may be employed as afurther preventat ive measure.

7) The tek suggests that the f inal product may contain "hydroxide". Hydroxide is not a molecule, it 's an ion. It is possible that theproduct could contain sodium hydroxide or other hydroxide salt s, but neither of the recommended methods for eliminat ing the"hydroxide" would help at all if t he product actually were contaminated with sodium hydroxide or another hydroxide salt .

Practical Issues

1) The pH for step 2 is unnecessarily low. While pH 2 won't hurt anything, it 's a waste of materials.

2) Ridiculously long t imes are presented for the aqueous acidic ext ract ion. The tek recommends 24 hours for the f irst soak, and awhole week for subsequent soaks. In realit y, simmering 15-30 minutes three t imes will get most of the DMT out of the MHRB and intosolut ion. There is no need to spend two weeks; this step can be done in two hours or faster.

3) The tek recommends defat t ing, even though it is designed for use with MHRB, which is not a fat t y material. This is a waste ofsolvent and t ime.

4) Step 7 says to add warm naphtha to the acidic MHRB ext ract and shake it for f ive minutes before adding lye. This won't accomplish

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anything.

5) The tek says to repeat steps 7-9 two more t imes. In step 8, one is told to add 5 grams of lye to the mix. Is the tek really suggest ingthat this step is also supposed to be repeated, with more lye added each t ime? Of course, that ext ra lye isn't going to hurt --on thecont rary, it will likely bring the pH up into a more pract ical range than the tek (seems to) recommend. But why is the tek suggest ing thatone add more base prior to each ext ract ion with nonpolar solvent , instead of adding all that one is going to use at one t ime? Wesuspect that this is just an art ifact of poor phrasing on the part of the tek's author.

6) The tek calls for using way too much naphtha for ext ract ions, suggest ing 100 ml per pull for 30 grams of MHRB. A tenth of thatwould be suf f icient .

7) In "Lab Notes" under step 6, the tek suggests that one should be saving the naphtha f rom the defat t ing process, but discarding theDMT-laden naphtha f rom the later steps. Why would one want to save the (pract ically non-existent ) fats f rom MHRB but throw awaythe DMT?

8) "You will know when DMT is in the f inal product by the smell." This is an odd statement , since DMT is supposed to be the f inalproduct , not merely be contained in it .

9) Outdated info: The tek suggests using Red Devil lye; however, the manufacturer of this brand discont inued product ion in 2005.

10) The three sets of "Lab Notes" f rom QT 's ext ract ion record that the ext ract ions took 24 days, 39 days, and 61 days. Yikes! A quickand ef fect ive acid/base ext ract ion can be completely f inished in 24 hours (and that includes t ime for f reeze-precipitat ions); a big,leisurely (and f rankly, unnecessarily long) acid/base ext ract ion (BLAB) is st ill done in a week. From a legal standpoint , it seems prudentto complete an ext ract ion as quickly as possible so that --if worse comes to worst --the ext ractor is only on the hook for possession ofa cont rolled substance and not for manufacture as well.

11) The tek is writ ten for MHRB with lye as the base and naphtha as the non-polar solvent ; yet it implies that it would be just asef fect ive for Phalaris grasses with chloroform as the solvent . Unfortunately, dif ferent factors need to be taken into account fordif ferent plants and solvents. Get t ing clean DMT out of Phalaris grasses, in part icular, is a massive chore, requiring it s own specializedtek.

Minor Gripes

1) Measuring pH with beets and cabbage? Seriously? That 's pret t y ghet to. Litmus papers and pH monitors are fairly cheap if one caredto measure the pH. And with MHRB, it 's not necessary; a dash of acid is f ine for the init ial ext ract ion, and MHRB provides it s own handycolor-changing react ion when enough base has been added.

2) Mult iple t imes, the tek refers to "naptha" instead of naphtha.

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"It lasted f or a million years and f or a split-second. But it 's over and now it 's your turn." -Timothy Leary

Name: N,N-Dimethylt ryptamine

Chemical Name: N,N-Dimethyl-1H-indole-3-ethanamine

Alternat ive ChemicalNames:

3-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyle]indole,DMT

Chemical Formula: C12H 16N2

Molecular Weight: 188.27Melt ing Point: 44.6-44.8° (crystals)Boiling Point: 60-80° (crystals)Dosages: 60-100 mg (smoking)

350 mg (orally)Co ntro lle d sub stance (halluc ino g e n) U.S. Co d e o f Fe d e ral Re g ulatio ns, Title 21 Part 130 8 .11 (19 8 5).

In modern times there has been a reduction of ritual. The ceremonies, that previously served to cast out an individual f rom modern associations andthrow him into a f ield of epiphanies, have become merely f orm, betraying the inner f orces that must somehow manif est. Shamen know of theseinner f orces. They understand the inevitable overwhelming psychological experience that everyone will f ace if they are to complete their inward path

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to open the unconscious and f all in. The psychological crisis is the f ulcrum of any metaphysical realization the individual may have about himself orhis world. Without these intense experiences, without the rituals that convey the message of the journey, and without shamen to show the way,many are lost in the world searching constantly f arther f or what is contained only within. To chemically f orce such spiritual breakthrough may beinterpreted by some as a way to circumvent the trials that are necessary to test each soul willing to see the truth of their lif e. But in contemporarysociety where is the individual to seek these tests of the self or to be struck silent in awe of their own natural beauty or that of the universe? Theshamen of f ered these opportunit ies to the individuals of their society f or generations, helping people maintain a healthy psychology between theknown world and the mystical. I now of f er this ability to you in one of many f orms, DMT.

DMT is perhaps the most powerf ul hallucinogen known to man. It is related to LSD and psilocybin. There are no [commonly used - Erowid] drugtests that would show DMT usage. None of the basic NIDA-5 drug tests [Erowid Note: Now called the "SAMHSA-5"] or any extended drug test willshow a result f or DMT. DMT is naturally f ormed in the body and has been f ound in abnormal levels in the body f luids of persons suf f ering f romschizophrenia. DMT is almost never sold through dealers, rarely synthesized, and seldom used. It is, however, easily extracted f rom common plantmaterials and has been used in various f orms f or hundreds of years (timeline). DMT is not a "social drug" however. Respect the drug and itsincredible potential. This drug is not f or the inexperienced, nor is it recommended to those who are just looking f or another "high." Few seek thevisions enabled through DMT, and even f ewer return to them. Even avid psychedelic users have had f rightening experiences with DMT on their f irstencounter with the drug. Take care to research and f ind out if DMT is f or you. I stress that educating yourself about this drug (and about all drugsyou intend to use) will make you a more competent and prepared chemist, tripper, and guide.

This manual is presented as a quick bench guide f or the complete novice on how to extract DMT. Although the text and illustrations f or the processwere all created by myself , there are a f ew pictures which are not my own. The origins of these pictures are credited in the bibliography. I would liketo encourage others to add to this manual their own written observations. When attempting to produce any of these products the reader isencouraged to read through the steps several t imes to closely f amiliarize himself with the entire process. Please take note that DMT is an illegalsubstance in the United States of America and is controlled under f ederal regulations. The f ollowing is f or educational purposes only.

How to Extract DMT from Natural Sources (in Ten Easy Steps)

First a plant must be selected that contains the chemicals we wish to extract. None of these plants are illegal and they can be f ound growing wildand f ree all over the world (much less can be said f or some of our other f avorite plants.) Most of these plant materials can be ordered through theinternet. A litt le research may reveal a large quantity of some usef ul plant material growing near you. Alkaloid contents of each plant mary varyaccording to the growing conditions. Specif ics about these plants and how to grow them are beyond the scope of this manual but the inf ormationcan easily be f ound. Below is a chart of several plants that contain NN-DMT, 5-OH-DMT, and 5-MeO-DMT (DMT's close cousin.)

Alkaloids reported as percent of total dry plant source mass/weight:

Acacia bark0.71% NN-DMT

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0.36% NN-DMTAcacia simplicifolia bark

0.86% NN-DMTMimosa hostilis root (bark)

0.57% NN-DMTVirola shoots & f lowers

0.44% NN-DMTDesmanthus illinoensis root (bark)

0.34% NN-DMTPilocarpus organensis

1.06% 5-MeO-DMTPhalaris tuberosa

0.10% NN-DMT0.022% 5-MeO-DMT0.005% 5-OH-DMT

Phalaris arundinacea ('net gossip)

0.060% NN-DMT?? 5-MeO-DMT

Psychotria species (averaged, from Jonathan Ott)

0.200% NN-DMT

N,N-DMT

DMT (N,N-dimethylt ryptamine) is one of the most hallucinogenic compounds known. DMT is not act ive orally(unless in the form of an ayahuasca brew), but must be smoked in it 's f reebase form to experience itsef fects. (DMT can be taken orally when mixed with a MAOIs, but this is not recommended for the f irst t imeuser.) The body quickly builds a tolerance for the drug. Your DMT dose must be taken within 60 seconds. Any more of the drug af ter this f irst minute will not enhance the experience. It is recommended to give atleast one hour before at tempt ing another DMT trip.

5-MeO-DMT Effects of 5-MeO-DMT are psychedelic without the visual distort ions found in NN-DMT. 5-MeO-DMT istaken at 1/4 the dose of NN-DMT and will overpower the NN-DMT.

5-OH-DMT (Bufotenine) can cause severe physical discomfort including circulatory distress, nausea, psychologicaldistress (panic and fear), severe skin f lushing, and has the possibility of being fatal. (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) will intensify and prolong the ef fects of NN-DMT, however this is never

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MAOIrecommended. Foolish combinat ions of MAOIs and other drugs can lead to serious health problems andeven death. The tryptamines are normally metabolized by an MAO in the body. MAO metabolizes serotonin,norepinephrine, and dopamine. By inhibit ing this, MAOIs increase levels of those neurotransmit ters. Tyramine will not be metabolized and will cause an increase in tyramine levels in the blood.

Extraction Procedure

For our experiment we will be using Mimosa hostilis root-bark to provide a very pure product of NN-DMTwithout the over powering inf luence of 5-MeO-DMT or the negative side ef fects of 5-OH-DMT. For a solventwe will be using common naphtha. Notes on adaptations for chemicals and other variations of this processare described as well. The following is a list of materials:

It helps to test all non glass materials with solvents to make sure there aren't any adverse reactions. 1. Mimosa host ilis root-bark (30g suggested start ing amount - $45/100g)2. Murat ic acid (pool acid - $4/gallon)3. pH papers (litmus papers - $3/100 tests)4. Lye (Red Devil Brand - $5)5. Naphtha (Zippo lighter f luid - $5)6. Coffee f ilters and cotton swabs/cloth ( - $2)7. Funnel ( - $2)8. 3 labeled glass jars with lids (thick canning jars work best, but pickle jars will do) (labeled Jar A , Jar B, and Jar C - $3)9. Evaporat ing dish (glass baking pan - $10)10. Glass pipette (turkey baster - $4)11. Goggles and gloves ( - $10)12. Dist illed water ( - $2)

Total = ~$100.00

STATEMENT OF HAZARDS: Methylene Chloride Suspect cancer hazard. Risk of cancer depends on duration and level of contact. Harmf ul if swallowed. Causes skin and eye irritation. Causesrespiratory tract irritation. May af f ect blood cells. May af f ect the central nervous system. May cause blindness. Avoid breathing vapor or mist. Handle with caution. Keep in mind these risks whenever substituting DCM f or any other solvent.

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STATEMENT OF HAZARDS: Muratic Acid

STEP 1

Preparing Plant Material

Grind the plant material to a f ine powder. The f iner ground the material the better your yieldswill be. The best technique to pulverize and rupture the cell structure of any plant material is torepeatedly f reeze and thaw it over and over again. An example of a plant requiring thistreatment is Phalaris arundinacea, a strong and limber grass. Mimosa hostilis root-bark iseasily pulverized to a f ine powder in a blender, releasing a pink haze.

A. First place the grass clippings in the freezer over night.B. Remove them and place the frozen clippings into a blender. Try and

liquefy the clippings as much as possible while they are f rozen.C. Repeat this process of f reezing, thawing, and blending with the plant

material several t imes for best results.

Ab o ve p ho to cre d it to J im De Ko rne

Mimosa hostilis root-bark © 20 0 0 Ero wid

STEP 2

Acidify Water to pH 2

Take two pickle jars (about 20 ounces each) and wash them in the dishwasher to help sterilizeand clean them. Label the jars A and B. Fill Jar A 2/3 way full with dist illed water (~15 ounces,or ~500 ml f iltered preferable.) Pour 1/2 teaspoon (~2ml) of acid into Jar A . Test the pH of the

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water in Jar A . The pH of the water should read 2 If not , add more dist illed water to dilute (5%acidity). There are many sources of acid: (Always add acid into water, not water into acid. Use distilled water to avoid anyadulterates.)

A. Dist illed white vinegar (5% acidity, ~2 cups, or 500 ml for every 50groot- bark) or lemon juice.

B. Murat ic acid f rom pool shop (10 ml 30% HCl to 1 liter water isrecommended.)

C. Reagent grade hydrochloric and sulfuric acid (over-poweringly potentwithout dilut ion.)

Add powdered root-bark to Jar B.

Lab Notes:

Proper method of test ing pH with pH papers; Use a glass st irring rod (or something thatwon't corrode with acid) to st ir the acidic solut ion. Dab the pH paper with the st irring rodlight ly. To save pH paper, you can cut only a small sect ion of strip for a single test . If a pHmeter or pH papers are unavailable there are certain organic sources that produceantocyanines which change color with dif ferent pH ranges. Red beats or red cabbage maybe used to produce a rough est imate of pH range. This is not always recommended, but itworks. To create the indicator solut ion, blend or grind either red beats or red cabbage. Strain of f the juice f rom the pulp and f ilter out any remaining plant material. If not enoughpigment is found, t ry extract ing more with water f rom the mushy pulp. If there is too muchpigment, simply dilute solut ion with water. Indicator solut ion produced has a short shelflife but can be stored in a refrigerator for several weeks. Below is a rough pH chart for

e le ctro nic p H me te r in jar

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reference: (l i tmus p ap e r co me s with its o wn p H chart)

Fig ure 1

STEP 3

Convert Alkaloids to Salts

Using a pipette (or turkey baster) t ransfer enough acidif ied water f rom Jar A into Jar B to coverthe root-bark in the bottom of Jar B (~8 ounces, or 250 ml acidif ied water into Jar B.) When theacid reacts with the root-bark, it converts the alkaloids (elf -spice) into salts. To help facilitatethis process we can:

A. Periodically shake the contents of the jar. This helpsmore root-bark come in contact with the acid.

B. The weaker the acid, the longer it should be heatedfor. Do not allow evaporat ion of the liquid inside. Donot boil. Maintain temperature below 50° C or 122° F. Since we are using pickle jars, and not pyrex, they canshatter easily if heated or cooled too quickly. It isrecommended using a double boiler with hot (notboiling) water to warm the solut ion. To cool, simplyturn of f the heat source and allow the solut ion toslowly return to room temperature.

1. When using murat ic acid, heat the jarfor 15-30 minutes.

2. When using weaker acids, simmer thecontents overnight.

Allow the contents of the jar 24 hours to react the f irst t ime. The alkaloids (t ryptamines) areconverted into salts and become water soluble. Our elf -spice is now contained in the aqueous

Fig ure 2

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solut ion.

STEP 4

Filtration

Plug the bottom of the funnel with cot ton balls or cot ton cloth to create a cotton-f ilter. Pour thecontents of Jar B through the funnel and into Jar C. Squeeze the root-bark contents inside thef ilter to press out the remaining juices. Save the root-bark that has been caught by the f ilter andplace it back into Jar B.

Lab Notes:

Whether f iltering material through a cotton-f ilter or a cof fee f ilter it helps if the thinnerparts of the solut ion are f iltered f irst , followedby the mushy and more bulky components(which may clog the pores of your f ilters asyou strain.) The better your f ilt rat ion, themore rapid and ef f icient your emulsions, alsoresult ing in a cleaner product. Cotton must bespecif ically used. Other f ibers have thepotent ial to react with our solvents. A teastrainer (wire strain) can be a simple way toseparate bulk ruf fage. Another way to improvethis method is to use a vacuum f ilter. Thereare several variet ies, the most af fordable beinga tap-water aspirator 'pump' that at taches toa household faucet and connects to f ilter. SeeWikipedia: Aspirator . These cost about $30.00(in 2001) and are very quick, useful andeffect ive.

Fig ure 3

STEP 5

Collect 3 Extractions

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Repeat the process outlined in STEPS 2, 3, and 4, two more times. The init ialextract ion is most important. For best results, allow the contents of the jar more t ime to reactduring the remaining two extract ions. Shake Jar B, 4 t imes a day, for 1 week before f iltering eacht ime through a cotton-f ilter. Collect the acidic contents in Jar C each t ime. Af ter these init ial 3cotton-f ilt rat ion cycles, clean Jar A and Jar B, and dispose of remaining root-bark.

Af ter all 3 extract ion phases, f ilter the contents of Jar C again, this t ime using a paper cof fee-f ilter instead of a cot ton f ilter.

A. Place several paper-f ilters (cof fee f ilters) in thebottom of the funnel.

B. Strain contents of Jar C through the paper-f iltersand into Jar B.

C. When f inished, clean Jar C.

Repeat this process as necessary to remove as many of the particulates fromour solution as possible.

Lab Notes:

The majority of the alkaloids we are searching for will convert to salts in the f irstextract ion phase. The second and third extract ion phases take place over a longer periodof t ime. This will ensure that we will be able to extract as many alkaloids as possible f romour material. The third phase can be reduced to 1-2 days but will not produce the bestyields. Remember, these measurements are all crude est imates. Fig ure 4

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STEP 6

Defatting

Next we defat the solut ion. This is part of standard lab procedure whenever extract ing alkaloidsof this sort . This process removes the oils, fats, and other unwanted substances from ouraqueous solut ion and also helps with yields. All DMT salts are insoluble in non-polar solvents --with the except ion of DMT acetate -- which is soluble in chlorinated non-polar solvents such aschloroform and DCM. Thus if you are using white vinegar (acet ic acid) as your acid, you will needto use naptha or ether to defat as chloroform or DCM would extract the DMT acetate along withthe oils and fats, defeat ing the purpose of this step.When using mimosa hostilis root-bark youmay f ind this step unnecessary, however, any plant material foliage containing chlorophyl it isstrongly recommended. To do this we add an organic (non-polar) solvent to the acidic solut ion. Before using any solvents test a signif icant amount (~500 ml) of the solvent by evaporat ing it in adish. This will verify that there are no residues or orders lef t when evaporat ion is complete(commonly found in many over-the-counter solvents.) Later in the procedure (STEP 10) you willbe evaporat ing this solvent to leave a smokable form of DMT. Anything your solvent contributes,you may be smoking in the f inal product. Below are listed several more common organic non-polarsolvents.

A. Naphtha:

Coleman fuel, VM&P naphtha, Zippo, or lighter f luid. Evaporate a small amount ina dish and inspect the residue if you are unsure of it 's contaminants. If used forthe extract ion phase instead of the defat t ing phase, warm naphtha will extractalkaloids much better than cool naphtha. Naphtha is considered more select ivefor catching these alkaloids than DCM. Naphtha rises to the top of the jar.

B. Methylene Chloride:

Also known as DCM or dichloromethane. Often used as an adhesive solvent foracrylics. Pure DCM can be found in craf t stores. DCM must be dist illed f irst f romall non-f lammable paint strippers beforehand (they contain a paste that holdsseveral unwanted substances.) The paint stripper may also contain methanol(most marine grade paint strippers are 80-90% DCM.) Methanol is also an organicsolvent. DCM dist ills at 41° C or 106° F. Pure DCM is best. May cause cancer andblindness. Take necessary precaut ions. Methylene chloride sinks to the bottom ofthe jar . Fig ure 5

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C. Ether:

Contained in engine-start ing f luid purchased at automot ive stores. To removeliquid ether f rom an engine-start ing aerosol can, spray the contents of the candown a 12 inch (~30cm) length of 3/4 inch PVC pipe. The ether will condense onthe sides of the pipe and fall into the jar, while the inert propellant will be releasedinto the air. Ether is extremely volat ile. Ether floats to the top of the jar.

D. Chloroform:

Chloroform (CH2C12) can be purchased over the internet f rom arts and craf tswarehouses. It has a tendency to be harsh on organics and has a boiling range of35-65°C (95-149° F). Chloroform sinks to the bottom of the jar.

It is important to remember what type of organic solvent you use. For our defat t ing process wewill use naphtha.

Add to Jar B ~50-100 ml (~2-3.5 ounces) naphtha. (Only 10-15% the volume of our acidicsolut ion is enough naphtha for this step. Visualize what 10% of the total of the solut ion is andadd that amount of naphtha into the jar.) Cap the lid on Jar B and shake the contents vigorouslyfor 20 minutes. Set Jar B aside and allow for emulsion (foam, bubbles, solut ions, part icles, etc.)to separate into two dist inct layers (much like oil and water will separate.) This may take ~24hours (48 in some cases.) The oils and fats will migrate into the non-polar solvent layer leavingour alkaloids in the aqueous solut ion. Since we are using naphtha, the solvent layer will rise tothe top of Jar B. Using a pipette (or turkey baster) remove the solvent layer and discard.

Repeat defatting process 2 times.

Lab Notes:

A separatory funnel is very handy for dividing and eliminat ing layers of solut ions. Thisdevice consists of a single chamber with a tapered bottom. On the bottom is a closedfaucet. The container is f illed with the two solut ions and they are mixed. Af ter mixing, theapparatus is set aside unt il both f luids separate into two dist inct layers. The lower f ract ion

Nap htha

De fatting p ro ce ss

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of the f luids can be drained via the bottom faucet and into a container for preservat ion (inthis extract ion when using naptha during the defat t ing process) or to discard (in thisextract ion when using naptha during the basif icat ion process). A quick separatory funnelcan be made by f illing a Ziplock plast ic baggie with your mixtures, and hanging it f rom onecorner. When the layers have separated, the bottom corner of the bag is pinched and thencut for drainage. It is suggested to test the baggie to make sure your solvents will not meltit .

Se p e rato ry Funne l in Jar

STEP 7

Prepare to Basify

In this step we will be preparing the solution f or the alkaloids migration using a common organic non-polar solvent. For our solvent we will usewarm naphtha (other solvents are identif ied in STEP 6 .)

Add to Jar B 100 ml (~3 ounces) warm naphtha. Shake the jar f or 5 minutes.

STEP 8

Basify to pH 9

Now we must basify our solut ion. By doing this we will "unhook" the salt and transform thealkaloid into its "f ree base" form. The alkaloids will no longer be a salt , nor will they be soluble inwater. This allows us to extract them with the organic solvent added in STEP 7. Ammoniumhydroxide is normally used, but for our experiment we will be using NaOH found in household lyecrystals (Red Devil drain cleaner) and purchased at hardware stores. Lye is very caustic and canreact violently. Take the proper precaut ions when using lye.

A good mixture for basifying is 5g (~0.2 ounces) lye mixed with 95g (~3 ounces) dist illed water. The reason we dilute the base is to prevent localized pH spikes which will destroy the alkaloids in

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the area that we are adding the concentrated base. Create a basic mixture as follows:

A. Fill Jar A 95ml (~3 ounces) full with water.

B. Slowly add 5g (~1 teaspoon) of lye to water. Shake and mix contents thoroughly.

C. Test to make sure pH is ~12.

Now using a pipette t ransfer small amounts of solut ion in Jar A into Jar B.

A. Stir and check the pH of contents in Jar B af ter each transfer of lye solut ion unt ilthe solut ion in Jar B reaches a pH of ~9-11.

B.

Shake the jar but be careful of pressure that will build up inside the jar. Releasethe lid and vent often! The solut ion will change a gray color as the alkaloids areturned from acid salts to f ree base. It may resemble a thick gel. Then the solut ionwill turn black and slippery as you add more base. The jar will heat up during thisprocess.

Ap p ro ximate Basificatio n Co lo r

Fig ure 6

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You have now formed the free base alkaloids that are soluble in non-polar solvents. Accordingto the Merck Index the pKa (natural pH) of DMT is 8.68 (which would make this the ideal pH toextract at .) In many experiments the average pH of the f inal basif ied solut ion in STEP 8 was ~10,which gave sat isfactory results everyt ime.

STEP 9

Emulsions

As these alkaloids dissolve in non-polar solvent added in STEP 7 , an emulsion will form. Thestrength of emulsion formed is direct ly proport ional to the strength of st irring. Heavy, rapidst irring produces a thick emulsion that takes up to 4 days to set t le out. Light, slow st irring over alonger period of t ime produces and emulsion that separates quickly without af fect ing the yield. Let the jar sit overnight unt il the emulsion has separated into two dist inct layers. If emulsion hasnot cleared in 48 hours, t ry the following:

Thick emulsion

A. Sometimes adding a lot of salt and gent le st irring will make the polarlayer more polar and help with emulsions.

B. Add more organic solvent.C. Filter solut ions again through a cotton f ilter several t imes. A paper f ilter

will not work.D. Test and increase the pH.E. In most cases the solvent layer will have slight t int or may sometimes

appear completely clear. If you want an early test of your extract ionsimply evaporate a small amount in a glass dish. The residue lef t shouldsmell a bit synthet ic (a smell like plast ic.) This smell is a t rait of yourtryptamine.

The naphtha will create a thick orange/pink emulsion with small bubbles that somet imes takesover 48 hours to separate. Always wait a few days before t rying other methods to break downthe emulsion. Keeping the naphtha warm will increase the amount of alkaloids it carries with itduring each extract ion. To help keep the jar warm, place it in a pot surrounded by warm water. Naphtha f loats. If DCM is used for our extract ion solvent in STEP 7, we will have a fasterresolving emulsion than naphtha (less than an hour in some cases.) The solvent may turn aslight ly darker color, usually only a t int of reddish-brown or yellow. DCM sinks. Allow a minimum of

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24 hours for the contents of the jar to react completely. If using methanol allow a minimum of 4days warmed to room-temperature for react ions to complete.

Using a pipette remove the corresponding solvent layer f rom Jar B and save it in Jar A .

Fig ure 7

STEP 10

Final Alkaloid Extraction and Evaporation

Repeat STEP 7 and STEP 9 (in that order) 2 times. Our elf -spice falls f rom thebasif ied aqueous solut ion and into our solvent.

The combined solvent f ract ions f rom our solvent extract ions should now be in Jar A . Pourcontents of Jar A into a glass baking dish. Allow for the solvent to evaporate. Evaporat ion maytake up to one week (depending on your solvent.) During this t ime keep dish with solvent awayf rom heat or open f lame.

The remaining substance may resemble anything from a st icky orangish goo to white or pale-orange crystals, depending on how well you followed the procedure. Scrape up this substancefrom the baking pan with a razor. About 25 mg is a good start ing amount (t ry about the size of apea.) Assuming best yields you could get 5-6 doses (275 mg) f rom 30g mimosa hostilis root-bark. You will know when DMT is in the f inal product by the smell. DMT has a dist inct synthet ic smell,almost like some manufactured plast ics.

"Don't worry about weighing it. Smoke it 'til your high, then save the rest for next time. Remember the flameshould never touch the dmt, just the glass that's holding the dmt. Just heat up the "bulb" and gets to toking. Slow& steady, deep inhalation, hold the smoke 'til you burst. If nothing after 1st hit, huge toke again, etc. The 3rd tokewill usually be the one."

Lab Notes:

After DCM has evaporated your product may contain t race amounts of hydroxide. Somefind hydroxide to be unpleasant in the f inal product. To help reduce this t ry washing theDMT crystals in water, and let t ing the water evaporate. Water can be added to the solvent

© 20 0 0 Ero wid

© 20 0 0 Ero wid

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evaporat ing dish to help carry of f hydroxide.

© 20 0 0 Ero widPho to s o f DMT crystals take n fro m The Vaults o fEro wid

Lab Notes from Previous DMT Extractions

LAB #1

Materials1. 25g mimosa host ilis root-bark2. Pool acid3. Litmus Papers4. Red Devil Lye5. Dist illed Water6. Coffee Filter and Cotton T-Shirt7. Plast ic Funnel8. Pickle Jars9. Baking dish and Turkey Baster

10. Cooking Pot11. Lighter Fluid

Day1:

The root-bark is brit t le. To powderize it one had to simply place the st icks of dried bark into the blender. They were immediatelyground to a f ine powder without any trouble, giving of f a pink haze when the cover of the blender was released. The powderwas stored in a tupperware container and placed in the back of a f reezer.

Day2:

Murat ic acid is powerful. Thick gloves were worn along with eye protect ion. Using a stainless steel teaspoon, about 1-5ml (1teaspoon) of murat ic acid was poured into a pickle jar that contained roughly 3/4 f iltered water (15 ounces or about 500 ml.) Thepickle jar was previously washed twice in a dishwasher in an at tempt to ensure sterility. Under the lid of the pickle jar themanufacturer had painted on a thin ring of some type of latex or rubber to help seal the jar. The mixture of water and acid donot seem to af fect the ring (it doesn't dissolve or melt the latex in any way) so the jar and its lid were used.

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The jar was shook to mix the acid and water. Immediately af terwards the pH of the water was tested. The pH was 1 using pHpapers to measure. (Compare pH within 30 seconds with litmus.)

Added the 25g root-bark to the bottom of jar B. Then the baster was used to pour enough acidif ied water to just cover theroot-bark. Then jar B was capped and shook vigorously for 10 minutes. While shaking the jar it began to foam up with pinkfoam. Then the jar rest for a couple hours. The contents of the jar broke into 3 layers. The top was pink foam. The middle wasa very very dark red (burgundy) color. Light didn't seem to pass through it very well at all. The bottom layer was a lighter redsediment.

Day3: The dark red color of the top layer of liquid has now turned almost black it seems. No light passes through it .

Day4:

It was decided to heat the solut ion for several hours in an at tempt to speed up the process. The jar and it 's contents werepropped up on a porcelain stand inside a cooking pot. To this pot was added enough water to surround the pickle jar. The lid tothe pickle jar was made f inger t ight so that the contents could not evaporate but st ill allow pressure to escape. For roughly 3hours the mixture sat in very warm water (not boiling.) Occasionally one would lif t the jar, and shake the contents before placingit back on the stand. Af terwards the heat source was turned of f and the water and the pickle jar contents cooled to roomtemperature.

Day5:

A funnel was placed in the empty jar A. Inside the funnel was placed a cotton T-shirt f ilter. In jar B the root-bark and the solut ionhad formed two layers. This made it easier to sif t the smaller part icles through the f ilter before the larger part icles clogged thepores of the f ilter. Af ter the f ilter was full of sediment I took the edges of the f ilter and twisted to squeeze any remaining liquidinto the second jar. The process was repeated unt il the jar B was empty. Then jar C was f illed with roughly 2/3 f iltered water, andwas added roughly 5ml of murat ic acid. The cotton f ilters were opened again, and the sediments they held were poured backinto the jar B.

Both jars were capped t ight ly and checked for leaks again. Needless to say anyt ime one is working with these chemicals oneshould wear thick gloves and the proper eye and body protect ion.

Acidif ied water f rom jar C was siphoned with a turkey baster into jar B unt il the water covered the sediments. The contents ofthe jar were again lef t to sit in warm water, this t ime about 30 minutes.

Day6: Strained aqueous solut ion and collected. Added acidic water to remaining plant material. Simmered for 30 minutes.

Day9:

Final collect ion of aqueous solut ion. Plant material was thrown away. Solut ion was strained 3 t imes through coffee f ilters.

Naphtha (Lighter Fuel) was added. About 100 ml. The jar was shaken vigorously for ~10 minutes, result ing in a thick bubblysolut ion. This was allowed to rest for 24 hours. Af ter 24 hours the top layer resembles water with a few drops of milk added. There is also a layer of t ranslucent pink scum. This this is the nasty stuf f we want to get rid of .

To remove the naphtha layer (top layer) it was agreed that it would be best to siphon the bottom layer out of the jar and save it ,

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instead, then clean out the jar containing the remaining nasty naphtha stuf f . Using a plast ic turkey baster we slowly squeezedthe bulb as it passed through the layers into the jar. This forced small bubbles to pour f rom the nozzle, and prevented anynaphtha from entering the baster before we could suck up the bottom layer.

Af ter removing the naphtha, the remaining contents were again f iltered once through a paper cof fee f ilter.

Added 100 ml of naphtha again, and shook the jar for 5 minutes.Day10:

A 5% base solut ion was made with lye crystals and water in an empty jar.. About 100 ml water for 1 teaspoon (5ml?) lye crystals. The jar was shaken, and st irred and made sure all the lye crystals had dissolved. This was added slowly to the jar containing ourmain solut ion.

After 4 teaspoons of base solut ion, the mixture changed from a burgundy red to a very grayish blue color. The pH was testedand found to be 7.

After 8 teaspoons of base solut ion the mixture has turned a darker gray color. The pH tested was ~10.

After 10 teaspoons of base solut ion the mixture changed from gray to very inky black. There is a lot of foam. The pH testedwas found to be ~11-12.

A total of 10 teaspoons were added to this mixture before the pH was ~11. The jar was shaken for several minutes with the capt ight ly sealed. Then the jar was placed in a pot of warm water for 15 minutes while slowly st irred. Then the jar was allowed torest for 3 hours inside the warm water.

Day11: Solut ion has not separated into two layers. The naphtha layer on top st ill resembles a thick oily foam.

Day12:

Solut ion has not separated into two layers. Markings were made on the side of the jar to see if any progress had been made. Nothing changed in the jar within the last 48 hours. More solvent was added.

Day13: No change in solut ions. About 1 teaspoon of salt was added to the mixture and st irred gent ly for 30 minutes.

Day14:

No change in solut ions. The pH was taken of the aqueous solut ion. Because of the dark color of the material being tested it 'shard to get an accurate measurement. A small sample was taken and light ly diluted with water. The pH was about 9 or 10. Another mixture of lye and water was made in a separate jar. About 2 teaspoons (10 ml) of base solut ion was added to themixture in jar B. The pH was tested again and read about 11 or 12. There seemed to be an immediate change in the emulsion. Aclear layer appeared on top of the jar, followed by the familiar thick orange bubbles, and then f inally the aqueous solut ion on thebottom. The container was steeped in warm water for 1 hour.

Af ter 1 hour the contents were strained 3 t imes through a cotton-f ilter and the emulsions were allowed to separate. There wasa dramat ic improvement af ter f ilt rat ion. The top layer of naphtha was removed and saved. Another 100 ml naphtha was added

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and the jar was heated again for perhaps another hour. The best technique to mixing the two solut ions does not seem to beshaking or st irring. Instead, very slowly t ip the jar end over end repeatedly for several minutes. This produces an emulsion thatsett les in about 2-3 hours t ime.

Day15:

The contents of the jar were heated and mixed slowly for a period of 2 hours. Af terwards the top layer was saved and another100 ml naphtha was added. Again the jar was heated and st irred for a few hours. The solvent layer was removed and placedwith the rest of the previous solvent f ract ions.

Day16: The combined solvent f ract ions were poured into a glass baking dish and set aside for evaporat ion.

Day17-20:

3 day evaporat ion process. Bottom of dish there appears small yellow/orange crystal format ions, circular in pattern, about 2-3mm across.

Day21: Some of the outer edges of the crystals have dried a bit . The larger crystals st ill seem wet.

Day22:

The ent ire dish was scraped with a razor. The crystals bunched together and dissolved into a caramel gum like substance. Thissubstance was smeared across a 3X5 note card.

Day23: The brownish goo has dried up and reveals a more crystalline structure. This was scrapped of f using an exacto knife.

Day24: Elf-spice hyperspace. The experiment was a success.

LAB #2

Materials1. 25g Phalaris arundinacea (rather dry, note this grass contains 5-MeO alkaloids as well)2. Pool acid3. Litmus Papers4. Red Devil Lye5. Lighter Fluid6. Cotton Balls7. Plast ic Funnel8. Pickle Jars9. Baking dish, turkey baster, cooking pot

Day Phalaris grass is very hard to pulverize. The grass was placed in a f reezer and then into a blender. To help mash the grass down PDFmyURL.com

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1: towards the blades of the blender, a small amount of water was added. Repeatedly the lid to the blender was lif ted and thegrass had to be pushed back down. It took over an hour to pulverize the grass suff icient ly. The mixture of water and clippingswas placed into a baggie. The baggie was frozen and thawed several t imes over a period of 24 hours.

Day3:

5ml murat ic acid added to a pickle jar that contained roughly 500 ml water. Water and acid were mixed well. 25g of grass wasplaced in the bottom of jar B and the acidif ied water covered this amount of grass. Shook the jar and contents.

Day4-11:

Jar contents are shaken daily.

Day12:

A funnel was placed in jar A. Inside the funnel was placed a cotton ball. The material f rom jar B was f iltered through the funnelinto jar A. The remaining material in the f ilter was placed back into jar B and covered again with acidif ied water. Jar B contentsare shaken daily for 7 days.

Day19: Collect ion of aqueous solut ion same as Day 12.

Day26:

Final collect ion of aqueous solut ion. Plant material was thrown away. Solut ion was strained 3 t imes through coffee f ilters.

100 ml Naphtha added. The jar was shaken 10 minutes. This was allowed to rest for 24 hours. Af ter 24 hours the nasty stuf fwas skimmed off the top along with the naphtha solvent. This was done twice.

Added 100 ml of naphtha again, and shook the jar for 5 minutes.Day28:

A 5% base solut ion was made with lye crystals and water in an empty jar. This was added slowly to the jar containing our mainsolut ion. The pH was now ~11. The jar was slowly st irred for several hours while heated.

Day29-31:

After the emulsion had cleared the top layer of naphtha was collected and more naphtha added to the original mixture. This wasdone 3 t imes.

Day39:

The combined solvent f ract ions were poured into a glass baking dish and set aside for evaporat ion. Af ter 4 days the dish wasscraped clean and the crystals put to use. Success!

LAB #3

Materials1. 45g Mimosa Host ilis Root Bark2. Muriat ic Acid3. Litmus Papers4. Lye5. Ronsonal Lighter Fluid6. Cotton Filter

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7. Separatory Funnel8. Pyrex Dish and Stove

Day 1: Ingrediants were cut with scissors and places in cof fee grinder for pulverizing. The contents were then placed in pyrex dishwith cover. Dish was placed on gas stove and allowed to boil. Af ter boil was achieved the stove was turned of f . Periodically the stove was turned on to apply heat to the dish. Af ter 20 minutes the biomass was strained. Placedbiomass back into the dish and repeated twice..

Day 2: Added Ronsonal lighter f luid about equal to exist ing volume, covered jar and shook. Result was massive emulsion. Let sitfor two months.. A muddly silt formed on the bottom of the jar. I'm guessing it 's f rom not f iltering f inely enough.

Day 60: Separated bottom liquid layer using 1 L sep funnel into a clean jar, and discarded top layer. (Thought I'd t ry de-fat t ing once. It doesn't seem worth it with MHRB. Probably won't do it in the future.)

Day 61: I previously prepared a mixture of Red Devil Lye and dist illed water. It takes a while to fully dissolve the pellets. Again addedabout the same amount of naptha as I had liquid, and then added basic solut ion while st irring to a pH of 11.6. Whileshaking, I not iced it forming a vacuum, and periodically vented. I'm not sure of the mechanism there. I let it set t le, thenseparated, saving the bottom layer for 2nd and third extract ions, and top layer for drying. Drying Tip: get a 4 inch fan, andlay it on top of the pyrex dish, and it will dry overnight

BIBLIOGRAPHY

The Vaults of Erowid: www.erowid.org Perhaps the best collection of inf ormation on the internet about chemicals and plants f or anyone new to drugs. Within this document I havereprinted several smaller pictures f ound f rom their website. Although I asked permission, I was never sent a response, but here I credit theirwonderf ul database and used the pictures anyway.

Color photo of a large ultrapure DMT crystal, grown in 1996. The crystal is approximately 1 inch across. Anonymous Photographer. Used by Erowid. /chemicals/show_image.php?i=dmt/dmt_crystal1.jpg

Color photo of a pile of DMT crystals extracted with Naptha. Photo by Bucwheat. © 2000 Erowid. /chemicals/show_image.php?i=dmt/dmt_crystal2.jpg

Color photo of a small vial f ull of N,N-DMT crystals. Anonymous Photographer. © 2000 Erowid.

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/chemicals/show_image.php?i=dmt/dmt2.jpg

Color photo of a collection of rootbark pieces layed out on a plate. Photo by Murple. © 2000 Erowid. /plants/show_image.php?i=mimosa/mimosa_hostilis6.jpg

Psychedelic Shamanism The Cult ivation, Preparation and Shamanic Use of Psychotropic Plants. DeKorne, Jim. (1994) Publisher : Loompanics Unlimited ISBN : 1-55950-110-3 Color photo of grass growing outdoors. (Pictured as f ound on Erowid.) /plants/show_image.php?i=phalaris/images/archive/phalaris_arundinacea1.jpg

Rhodium - an informative element: Rhodium A collection of highly technical inf ormation. I humble myself bef ore the knowlege they posess.

rhodium/chemistry/equipment/ph- indicator.html

Ayahuasca Analogues: Pangaen Entheogens . Ott, Jonathan. (1994). Kennewick, WA: Natural Products. ISBN: 0-9614234-5-5

Tryptamines I Have Known And Loved: The Chemistry Continues. (Part 2) By Alexander and Ann Shulgin.

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 56, page 1526.

Thanks to: Dr. Foss Gumby baalchemistPryor Placenta_Juan neuronMagikVenom GravNet MalachiSaguaro Meeker D-4138willytell Mike NoRezzjane Gupta Jack Tripper

And all those who have helped expand and add to this piece of literature. I am in debt to all those within the beautif ul community who have helpedcreate this f ine guide. Feel f ree to add to this your own written observations, dreams, or thoughts on these topics.Revision History #

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v1.1 - Quantum Tantrav1.1.1 - Sep 19 2009 - Erowid - removed confusing text on alkaloid %s table.v1.1.2 - Jan 7 2011 - Erowid - Added the term 'aspirator' to the mention of the simple vacuum filter in Step 4 as a clarification after receiving a question.v1.1.3 - Feb 4 2011 - Erowid & the community at The DMT Nexus - Added "Note of Warning" including a detailed critique of this tek from the folks at The DMT Nexus.

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