QTP Presentation1

8/8/2019 QTP Presentation1

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QTP (QUICK TEST

PROFESSIONAL)

Presented By:

Ritu Goyal

1st Sept 2010


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SESSION OBJECTIVES

Introduction to Automation

Why Automation

Benefits of Automated Testing

Automated Testing Process

Introduction to QTP and its Salient Features

Add-Ins

Environment Supported

Object Repository

Object Identification / Object Spy Check Points

Parametrization

Frameworks


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WHAT ISAUTOMATION

A software program that is used to test another

software program, this is referred to as

Automated software testing.

Test Automation is the use of software to controlthe execution of tests & the comparison of

results-> actual with the predicted/expected.

A third party tool is used to test the application.

Use of automation tools reduces the test time aswell as the cost


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WHYAUTOMATION

Avoid the errors that human make when they get

tired after multiple repetitions.

The test program wont skip any test by mistakes.

Each feature test cycle will take less time &Required less human intervention.

Required for Easy cycle of Regression Testing.


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BENEFITS OF TESTAUTOMATION

Allows more testing to be done.

Strengthen Test Cycle.

Testing is Consistent, repeatable.

Fast, Reliable, Repeatable, Programmable,Comprehensive, Reusable.


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FALSE BENEFITS

Fewer tests will be needed

It will be easier if it is automated

Compensate for poor design

No more Manual Testing


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WHICH TEST CASES TOAUTOMATE?

Tests that need to be run for every build of the

application (sanity check, regression test)

Tests that use multiple data values for the same

actions (data driven tests)


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WHICH TEST CASES NOT TOAUTOMATE?

Usability testing "How easy is the application to use?"

One-time testing

"ASAP" testing "We need to test NOW!"

Ad hoc/random testing based on intuition and knowledge of application


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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TOOLS AVAILABLE IN THE

MARKET (FOR FUNCTIONAL TESTING)

Rational Robot

Win Runner

QTP

Silk Test

QA Run


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VERSION HISTORY OF QUICKTEST

PROFESSIONAL

Astra QuickTest (Mother tool of QTP) 1.0 to 5.0

Quick Test Professional

5.6 Nov 2002 6.5 2003

8.0 2004

8.2, 8.3 2005

9.0,9.1-2006

9.2- 2007 Mercury Interactive

9.5 2008 H.P

10.00 2009 January


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BASIC FEATURES OF QTP

QTP Launched in 2002 (Nov). By Mercury Interactive. Later takenover by HP, in 2007.

QTP is an Object Based Testing Tool.

(Object based means; QTP Follows Test Object Model for PerformingTesting operations. Based on either Test Objects or Automation Objectsor Utility Objects only, we can automate test operations)

QTP is for Functional and Regression Testing.

(Basically QTP is a Functional and Regression Test tool but we canuse it for little bit Compatibility Testing and Performance Testing).

It supports Windows Operating Environment only.

(QTP basically depends on User Interface to automate test operationsand it is not depends on server side interactions).

It supports GUI based (Graphical user interface) and Web basedApplications Automation, does not support CUI (Command userinterface) Applications.

It has multilingual support. (It supports English, Chinese, Japanese,Korean, etc languages with respect to license.)

It has adapted Microsoft Visual Basic Scripting edition forprogramming and Excel like spread sheet for Data driven testing.


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OTHER SALIENT FEATURES

QTP can automatically introduce Checkpoints

During execution testers can manually insertseveral types of check points to verify that theobjects continue to behave as expected.

Testers are able to record their tests so that eachaction, or step in the business process aremodular & reusable.

When application under test changes, testers can

update Object Repository, thus the change madeis then propagated across all the scripts thatreference to this object

EX: In the Authentication screen when the name of thebutton is changed to Sign In form Login, Just make anupdate in the Object Repository.


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CONTD.

After running a test QTP displays the results in a

tree structure and in clear visual reports

Scripting Language is VBScript which is easy to

use , understand and program even complexfunctionalities with ease.

Library files contains VBScript functions and

subroutines that can be added to the test.


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ADD-INS

Default

y ActiveX

y Visual Basic

y

WebAdditional

y Java

y Oracle

y PeopleSoft

y .NET

y Terminal Emulator

y Sap, Siebel & Web services


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ADD-IN MANAGER


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ENVIRONMENTS SUPPORTED

Browsers

y Netscape

y Internet Explorer

y

AOL

Operating Systems

y Windows XP/2003

y Windows 2000

y Windows 98

y Windows NT

y Windows ME


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WHAT TYPE OF TOOL IS QTP

y Record and playback tool

y It has additional features like sync pt, check pt, output

values

y It has Built in functions

y It has User defined functions , Registered functions.


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TYPES OFVIEWS IN TEST PANE

Two types

Keyword view Actions are generated in tabularformat similar to manual test cases

Expert view Actions are generated in VBscripting


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KEYWORDVIEW


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EXPERTVIEW


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QUICKTEST TESTING PROCESS

The Quick Test testing process consists of 7 main

phases: Preparing to record

Recording a session on your application

Enhancing your test

Debugging your test

Running your test

Analyzing the test results

Reporting defects


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RECORD USERACTIONS


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START RECORDING ONANYWEB SITE. CHOOSE TEST > RECORD OR CLICK

THE RECORD BUTTON. THE RECORD AND RUN SETTINGS DIALOG BOX


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SAVE THE TEST

The test can be saved into a Windows file system (as below).

If TestDirector is available and connected with QTP, the test can besaved there.

QTP creates an entire structure of files and directories to support asingle QuickTest script for each saved test.


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VERIFYSUCCESSFUL PLAYBACK

Use the Run button to begin playback from the top of the test.

Select the location of the test results- either a new results folderor a temporary folder.


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VIEWING THE TEST RESULTS

Test results can be stored in their own location (for documentation)or in a temporary location that is overwritten each time the test is run(debugging).


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MODES OF RECORDING

Normal mode recording based on

properties of GUI

Analog mode mouse movements, clicks,

keyboard strokes

Low level records any object irrespective

of support from QTP. Recognizes all run

time objects as windows objects. It is used

when an object is not identified by Quick

test and co-ordinates based.


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RUNNING ASESSION

The Run option can be used to run the test from start to end.

The Run from Step option in the Test menu is used to run the

test from a selected step to the end of the current action, if

running from the Expert View, or to the end of the test , if

running from the Keyword View. Thus it enables us to check a

specific part of the application or to confirm that a certain part

of the test runs correctly.


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HOW QUICKTEST WORKS WITH OBJECTS

What are Object Properties?

A set of characteristics that defines an objects appearance,values, state and identity in an application.

y

QTP captures these object properties during recording.y Logical Name Logical name is a value QuickTest

usually takes from one of the object properties (likeTEXT) to refer to the object in the recorded script.


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OBJECT REPOSITORY

Object Repository is nothing but a storagelocation. It contains the collection logical nameand physical description of a particular object.

Object Repository is a location within the test

structure where QuickTest stores objectinformation captured during recording.

The Object Repository can be used to:

y Rename logical names for readability.

y

Add a new object in the repository.y Configure the object properties used to

identify an object.

While playback of scripts, qtp refers objectrepository for identifying the objects


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OBJECT REPOSITORY

Two types Per action, Shared Repository

The Object Repository can be Per Action or

Shared.

The shared repository can be used bymultiple actions of the same test or by

actions from different tests. Test object

properties are prone to frequent updation.

Per Action object repository is used by one

or very few tests. Test object properties are

modified less frequently.


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OBJECT REPOSITORY


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OBJECT RECOGNITION

Mandatory properties QTP always learns for

differentiating objects

Assistive properties optional properties learnt

when mandatory couldnt able to differentiate


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OBJECT RECOGNITION

Ordinal Identifier This is used when

both mandatory and assistive couldnt

help to differentiate objects

Ordinal identifier uses location indicatorand index indicator to differentiate objects


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OBJECT IDENTIFICATION

Object identification is another component

in QTP.

This is used to configure the mandatory

and assistive properties depending onapplication to be tested.


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WHAT ARE TYPES OF PROPERTIES?

Test object Properties learnt by QTP while

recording that is used for mapping with actual

objects

Runtime Properties of actual object in theapplication


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OBJECT SPY

Object spy is a component in QTP thathelps to list the test object and runtimeproperties of the GUI

Lists the methods and syntax that could

be implemented on that particular objectLists the hierarchy of the object in theAUT


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CHECKPOINTS IN QTP

A checkpoint is a verification point that compares a

current value for a specified property with the

expected value for that property.


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TYPES OF CHECKPOINTS

Standard Checkpoint

Bitmap checkpoint

Text checkpoint

Text Area checkpoint Database checkpoint

XML Checkpoint


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TYPES AND THEIR USE

Standard Checkpoint

Bitmap Checkpoint

Checks the property

value of the object in

an application or

Webpage. It checks

buttons,Radiobuttons,C

omboboxes etc

Checks the value of an

image in the

application.


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Text Checkpoint

Checks whether the text

string is displayed in theappropriate place in your

application or on a Web

page and verifies Text.


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Database Checkpoint

XML Checkpoint

Checks the contents of a

database accessed by the

application

Checks the data content

of XML documents in the

application.


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WHEN TO USE CHECKPOINTS

Before creating checkpoints on web objects we

have to select web-test option in ADD-IN

Manager.

If the objects developed in HTML we can useStandard Check point.

If the Objects developed in XML we can use XML

Check point.


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HOW CHECKPOINTS WORK- PLAYBACK

Script Expected Result

Execute checkpoint

Object: Button

Logical Name : OK

Property: Enabled

Value: True

Actual =

expected ?

Test Results

PASS


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SAMPLE OBJECTS THAT QUICKTEST CAN

VERIFY

WINDOWSWINDOWS WEBWEB

WindowWindow Browser Browser

Edit FieldEdit Field Text AreaText Area

Drop down listDrop down list Text LinkText Link

Menu commandMenu command ImagesImages

Radio ButtonRadio Button Image LinkImage Link

CheckboxCheckbox Edit FieldEdit Field

Windows Object

Windows Object Drop down l

istDrop down list

Status BarStatus Bar CheckboxCheckbox

Text AreaText Area Radio ButtonRadio Button

Tables/ GridsTables/ Grids

Web ElementWeb Element


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HOW TOADD ACHECKPOINT1. Select the object in the ActiveScreen

2. Right Click on it and Select Insert

Standard Checkpoint

or

Menu Insert Checkpoint Standard Checkpoint


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HOW TOADD ACHECKPOINT SET

EXPECTED VALUE

Do not automatically select

the pre-defined list of

properties to check.

Scroll down the property list

to find the property( or

properties) that best meets

the test requirement.


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TABLE CHECKPOINT


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DATABASE CHECKPOINT

Choose Insert > Checkpoint > Database Checkpoint.

The Database Query Wizard opens.


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DATABASE CHECKPOINT ..CONTD


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HOW TOADD ACHECKPOINT TEST

RESULT


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PARAMETRIZATION

Parameterization - Passing multiple set of values

for testing

A parameter is a variable that is assigned a value

from an external data source at run time. We use

parameterization when we want to change the

value of properties at run time.


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HOW CAN WE PARAMETRIZE?

Identify the fixed value that needs to be

parametrized

Replace with parameter

Passing value from data table


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WHAT IS DATA TABLE

Inbuilt XL sheet in QTP for passingvalues to parameters in runtime

Two sheets global and action

Global Data is passed to all actionswithin the script

Action Data is passed to only particularaction


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WAYS TO PARAMETRIZE..

Data table parameter Passing throughdata table

Action/component parameter Bydeclaring input and output parameter in

action propertiesEnvironment parameter External host,

url, vuser etc


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DATATABLE PARAMETERS

The Test runs once for each line of data in theDataTable. Each iteration takes a differentvalue from the datatable.

choose the Run tab

Test

Settings

Specify an option in the Datatable iterationsframe.


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ENVIRONMENT VARIABLE

PARAMETERS

The Environment variables can have Quick Testgenerated values or values supplied fromexternal files.

Test

Settings

Environment

Choose User-defined from the variable type

Click New to create your own internal variables


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RANDOM NUMBER PARAMETERS

It enables us to use random numbers as values in

the test. We can specify the range from which the

random number is generated. By default, the

random number range is between 0 and 100.


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HOW TO PARAMETERIZE AN INPUTVALUE

Select the step in the Tree View that

contains the recorded input value.

Click on the text under Value

column.


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HOW TO PARAMETERIZE AN INPUT

VALUE CONTD.

-Select the source for

paramterization.

-Select the parameter

name.

-Select the data sheetto use.


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HOW TO PARAMETERIZE AN INPUT

VALUECONTD


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ACTIONS

A test is composed of actions or logical sections.

The steps we add to the test are added within the

tests actions. By default, each test begins with a

single action.

When we run a test with multiple actions, the

Test Results are divided by actions so that we

can view the detailed results for each action

individually.

Each action has its own sheet in the Data Tableso that we can insert data that applies only to

that action.


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TYPES OF ACTIONS

Non-re-usable: Action can be used in the localtest, only once.

Reusable: Action can be used in the local test,multiple times.

External: These are reusable actions created inanother test. This can be of two types. If a call toan external action is used the action is read onlyin the calling test. But, any existing action can beinserted as a copy of the original action. In thiscase, we can modify this copy of the external

action in the calling test.


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CALLING ACTION

INSERT CALL TO EXISITING ACTION

CALLS A REUSABLE ACTION, BUT

ANY CHANGES WILL BE REFLECTED

ON ORIGINAL CALLED ACTION INSERT CALL TO COPY OF ACTION

CALLS A REUSABLE ACTION, BUT

CHANGES ARE NOT REFLECTED ON

ORIGINAL CALLED ACTION


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HOW TO SET ANACTION AS REUSABLE


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HOW TO CALL AREUSABLEACTION

Insert Call to existing Action


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HOW TO HANDLE EXCEPTION???

Simple using recovery scenario manager.

Recovery scenario manager is a wizard that

guides steps to handle exceptions


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RECOVERY SCENARIO MANAGER

THREE STEPS

TRIGGER EVENT DEFINE THE EXCEPTION

RECOVERY OPERATION DEFINING THEHANDLER FUNCTION

POST RECOVERY OPERATION.


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DATATYPE CONVERSION

CINT() CONVERTS VAR TO INTEGER

CLNG() CONVERTS CURRENCY TO

INTEGER


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FRAMEWORKS

In real time projects ,we use to call ,Frame work

as a folder. This folder contains the components

such as , Object Repository, logs ,test data, script,

result...etc. so whatever files are created to

develop a script are stored in a separate folder,which is nothing but a framework Frameworks

are set of defined rules for automating a testing

process

It could be said as automation test approach


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FRAMEWORKS

Linear framework Recording,

Enhancement , Playback

Here U create scenarios, Do recording

based on scenarios, enhancement is donefor verifications, and playback for

execution


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FRAMEWORK

Data driven Here an external database is

maintained for passing values to the actions in

qtp

Values are completely passed only thro this data

sets


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FRAMEWORK

Keyword driven using the manually entered

table that defines test object, operation, data and

description, VB scripts are automatically

generated by QTP.


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FRAMEWORKS

Functional/modular Here the actions are

declared as user defined functions

These functions are called wherever needed.


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FRAMEWORK

Hybrid framework mix of any of the above

frame works are classed as hybrid.

Depending on complexity of the application,

mixes are chosen.


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Thanks You

Documents

QTP Presentation1