QTP Complete Reference for CS.doc

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QTP Complete Reference

QTP GuideStep by Step QTP Guide for beginners as well as advanced learners. Itexplains QTP Tool fundamentals and features in detailed manner. It

covers QTP tool window keyelements, QTP test process, ecording and

unning tests,!n"ancing tests, #ebugging Tests, $naly%ing Test esults

and eporting #efects.

It describes QTP important features like Step Generator, Syc"roni%ation,

Parameteri%ation, ecovery scenarios and &b'ect Identification

(onfiguration.

An overview on Test Automation

QTP Basic features

Add-in Manager

Key elements of QTP

Test Pane

QTP Commands

QTP Test Process

Recording Tests

Keyword riven Met!odology

Test "#$ect Model
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"#$ect Repository

"#$ect %dentification Configuration

QTP Test Met!ods

#ata Table )et"odsescriptive Programming

&n!ancing Tests

%nserting C!ec'points

%nserting "utput values

Parameteri(ation

)ync!roni(ation

%nserting Transaction Points

)tep Generator

Adding Comments

%nserting *low Control )tatements

e#ugging Tests

Running+&,ecuting Tests

Analy(ing Test Results Reporting
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****************************************

*ile )ystem )cripts

*lat *ile )cripts

ata#ase )cripts-%

ata#ase )cripts-%%

&,cel )cripts

G0% )cripts

1e# )cripts

1e# )cripts -%%

QTP Real-time )cript &,amples

2etwor' Administration

)ystem Administration

Power point )cripts

1ord )cripts

3M4 )cripts
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QTP )'ills

&rror /andling in QTP5555555555555555555555555555

.B )cript for QTP

It explains + Script in QTP orientation, It covers all most all + Script

undamentals and eatures.

It describes, +ariables, constants declarations, usage of operators, +

Script flow control statements, Procedures, (oding conventions, egular

!xpressions, ile system &perations, #atabase &perations etc..

****************************************

)cripting 4anguages .s Programming4anguages

.B )cript *undamentals *eatures

Comments

.B )cript .aria#les

.B )cript ata Types

.B )cript "perators

%nput+"utput "perations.B )cript Constants

.B )cript Conditional )tatements
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4oop t!roug! Code

.B )cript )tatements

.B )cript Procedures

.B )cript &rrors

.B )cript Built-%n *unctions

0ser efined *unctions

Regular &,pressions

.B )cript Met!ods

.B )cript "#$ects

.B )cript Coding Conventions

.B )cript Classes

.B )cript Keywords

.B )cript synta, rules and guidelines

.B )cript General &,amples

.B )cript General &,amples-%%

.B)cript Glossary******************************************
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QTP *ramewor'T"is section provides concepts on 1ow to implement $utomation

ramework. It explains about $utomation Infrastructure development,

esources creation, #river script creation, Initiali%ation script creation etc.

It describes data driven framework, keyword driven framework and1ybrid framework in detailed manner. It also provides Test estimations,

$pprovals, eporting, &rgani%ing and maintaining frameworks.

**********************************************

QTP %nterview Questions

QTP Model ResumesT"is section provides, esume preparation guidelines for fres"er as

well as experienced. It provides some model QTP esumes for

reference.

QTP 6o# 2ewsT"is section Provides QTP 2ob news weekly. Information can be

collected by !mployers, (onsultants and employees. QTP Professionals

can use t"is information and t"eir resumes directly to !mployer3s and

consultants mail ids.

QTP CertificationT"is section provides 1P QTP (ertification guidelines and modelQuestions, It useful for QTP test professionals for preparing

(ertification exam.

QTP Training ProgramsT"is section provides information on variou QTP Training programs like

QTP asics program for beginners, $dvanced program for working people,

QTP ramework, and + Script for QTP t"at conducted by gcreddy.com

Manual Testing ocumentsT"is section Provides link to our anot"er website gcreddy7net, t"ereyou can get )anual Testing Information like, Software Testing Guide,

)anual Testing Interview 4uestion and answers, Test management

guidelines, Test planning, Test design and ot"er documents.

*******************************************

Quality Center
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T"is Section Provides Quality (enter undamentals and features5 Site

$dministration, (reating #omains, Pro'ects, and /sers. (reating

e4uirements, #esigning )anual 6 $utomated Tests, !xecuting )anual

and $utomated Tests and !ntering defects. Sending #efects directly from

QTP esult window.

**********************************************************

4oadRunner T"is section provides 7oadunner tool undamentals and eatures5

+user generator, (ontroller, 7oad Generator, $nalysis and 7oadunner

Interview Questions.

*********************************************************

QTP "t!er TopicsT"is section provides QTP elated articles and ot"er information like,

c"allenges in Test $utomation using QTP, )igrating Test scripts fromold version to 8ew version, QTP trends, en"ancements, 8ew release

information, rowser compatibility issuesetc..

QTP )oftware ownload 4in'

)Q4 )erver Guide

)oftware Testing ocuments#ocuments on /nit Testing, 0eb Testing, Software Testing $rtifacts,

Software Test Process !tc..

QTP Basic Features9 QTP was 7aunc"ed in :;;: .

9 QTP is an "#$ect BasedTesting Tool.

(Object based means; QTP Follows Test Object Model for Performing

Testing operations. Based on either Test Objects or Atomation Objectsor !tilit" Objects onl"# we can atomate test operations$

(%oad&nner is a Protocol based Test Tool$9 QTP is for unctional and egression Testing.

(Basicall" QTP is a Fnctional and &egression Test tool bt we can se itfor little bit 'ompatibilit" Testing and Performance Testing$
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9 It follows Keyword riven $pproac".

(e"word )ri*en Approach means; e"words# e+ample, 'ommands#fnctions# methods# statements etc.. are sed for creating Test scripts$9 It supports 0indows &perating !nvironment only.

(QTP basicall" depends on !ser -nterface to atomate test operationsand it is not depends on ser*er side interactions# where as %oad&nnerdepends on ser*er side Operations# so P de*eloped %oad&nner for/indows as well as !0-1 *ersions$

9 It supports G/I based


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and #ata base operations.

9 It was derived from $stra QuickTest

9 $stra QuickTest


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9 J.:- :;;> )ercury Interactive

9 J.D F:;;H 1.P

9 C;.;; F:;;J 2anuary

9 ::7;;


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In-1ouse Test )anagement Tools

#efect )anagement Tools

Security

/nit Test tools !tc...

------------------------------------------------------------------------

I= asic eatures of QTP

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

a= QTP Supporting !nvironments

C= /I = QTP (ommands


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---------------------------------------------------------------------------

II= QTP Test Process

---------------------------------------------------------------------------

)anual Test Process


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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

III= Test !xecution III$= #ebugging Tests


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b= #ynamic programming

ecording Tests

----------------

a= ecording Process b= ecording )odes

i= 8ormal ecording

ii= $nalog ecording

iii= 7ow 7evel ecording

c= unning Process

&b'ect epositoryB

------------------

a= &b'ect and Types of &b'ect

i= un-time &b'ects

ii= Test &b'ect )odel

iii= /tility &b'ects

iv= $utomation &b'ects

b= Types of &b'ect epository

i= 7ocal epository

ii= S"ared epository

c= &perations on &b'ect epository

i= $dding &b'ects

ii= enaming &b'ects

iii= #eleting &b'ects

iv= !xporting 7ocal &b'ects

v= )erging epositories

vi= $ssociating epositories to an $ction

vii= +iew &ptions viii= !xporting &b'ects to @)7AImporting &b'ects from @)7

i@= #efining 8ew Test &b'ects

@= Spying &b'ects

d= &b'ect Identification (onfiguration


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i= 8ormal identification

C= )andatory properties

:= $ssistive properties

ii= Smart Identification


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d= 1andling #uplicateASimilar &b'ects using Index property

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Key &lements of QTP Tool 1indow:> Test Pane8

It is programming interface of QTP, used for creating, editing, viewing

and deleting test scripts.

Test8It is a set of statements or set of one or more actions.


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2ote:81ere in test pane Test is same but views are different, if you

perform anymodifications in one view t"ose automatically reflects in

anot"er view.

2ote =8Tec"nical users use expert view and business user use key

word view.

2ote ?8/ser can customi%e Test pane view options.

8avigationB Tools )enuL view optionsL we can use font si%e and

colors etc.

=> Active )creen

It "as an optional element of QTP, it takes snap s"ots of every

statement t"at user performed action or operation on $/T.

It can be used for understanding and editing t"e test easily.

2avigation8+iew menuLactive screen ata Ta#le
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It "as an integrated spread s"eet

testing.

8avigationB+iew menuL#ata table


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@> e#ug .iewer

It is used for locating and rectifying or fixing errors.

It can be used for debugging t"e tests by step-by-step execution.

0e use Step into, Step over and Step out commands for debugging. %nformation

T"is pane s"ows syntax errors automatically during saving t"e test.

8avigationB view menuL information
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> QTP Commands

QTP (ommands are available in ways.

C=. )enu options

:=. Tool ar options

=. S"ort cut keys


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ile menuBT"roug" file menu user can create, save tests, open existing

tests, export tests in %ip format.

!dit )enuBIt provides editing options and renaming, deleting and

splitting actions.

+iew menuBT"roug" t"is menu we can launc" and close, active screen,

#ata Table, #ebug viewer, information, missing resources etc.

Insert )enuBT"roug" t"is menu user can inserting c"eck points, out put

values,sync"roni%ing points.

In t"is menu step generator available, using t"is user can generate

recordable and non-recordable scripts.

T"roug" insert menu user can insert + Script conditional and loop

statements and transaction points


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Tools )enuBT"is menu provides Tools settings option, view options and

ob'ect identification configuration.

T"roug" t"is menu we can set tool options as well as test pane view

options.

In t"is menu ob'ect spy option available, t"roug" t"is we can get ob'ectMs

information.


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New > Function Library Creates a new function library.

Open > Test Opens an existing test.

Open > Business/Scripted

Component

Opens an existing business or scripted

component.

Open > Application Area Opens an existing application area.

Open > Function Library Opens an existing function library.

Close Closes the active function library.

Close All Function

Libraries

Closes all open function libraries.

Quality Center Connection Opens the Quality Center Connection dialog

box, enabling you to connect to

a Quality Centerproject.

Quality Center Version

Control

Provides a sub-menu of options for managing

versions of Quic!est assets

in Quality Center. !he sub-menu is availableonly when you are connected to version-

control enabledQuality Center project.

Sae "aves the active document.

Sae As Opens the relevant "ave dialog box so you cansave the open document.

Sae Test wit! "esources "aves a standalone copy of the current test

together with its resource files.

Sae All "aves all open documents.

#nable #ditin$ #aes read-only function libraries editable.

#%port Test to &ip File Creates a $ip file of the active document.

'mport Test (rom &ip File %mports a document from a $ip file.

Conert to Scripted

Component

Converts a business component to a scriptedcomponent.

)rint Prints the active document.

)rint )reiew &isplays the 'eyword (iew as it will loo


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when printed and enables you to modify thepage setup.

Settin$s Opens the "ettings dialog box, enabling youtodefine settings for the open document. )*ot

relevant for function libraries+

)rocess *uidance

+ana$ement

Opens the Process uidance #anagementdialog box, enabling you to manage the list of

processes that are available in Quic!est.

Associate Library

,-Function Library

Name>, wit! ,-.ocument

Name>,

ssociates the active function library with the

open document. )vailable only from function

libraries+

"ecent Files ists the recently viewed files.

#%it Closes the Quic!est session.

&dit Menu8It provides editing options and renaming, deleting and

splitting actions.

Command Function

ndo /everses the last command or deletes the last entry

you typed.

"edo /everses the most recent operation of the 0ndo

command.

Cut /emoves the selection from your document.

Copy Copies the selection from your document.

)aste Pastes the selection to your document.

.elete &eletes the selection from your document.

Copy .ocumentation to

Clipboard

Copies the content of the .ocumentationcolumn

of the 'eyword (iew, enabling you to paste it in an

external application.

Action > Split Action "eparates an action into two sibling actions or into

parent-child nested actions.


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Action > "ename Action Changes the name of an action.

Action > .elete Action 1nables you to remove the selected call to the

action, or delete the action and its calls from theactive test.

Action > Action )roperties 1nables you to specify options, parameters, and

associated object repositories for a stored action.

Action > Action Call

)roperties

1nables you to specify the number of run iterations

according to the number of rows in the &ata !able,and to define the values of input parameters and the

storage location of output parameters.

Step )roperties >

Comment )roperties

Opens the Comment Properties dialog box for acomment step. vailable only when the selected

step is a comment.

Step )roperties

> Ob0ect)roperties

Opens the Object Properties dialog box for a

selectedobject. vailable only when the selected

step contains a test object.

Step )roperties >

C!ec1point )roperties

Opens the relevant Checpoint Properties dialog

box for a selected object. vailable only when the

selected step is a checpoint step.

Step )roperties > Output

Value )roperties

Opens the relevant Output (alue Properties dialog

box for a selected object. vailable only when theselected step is an output value step.

Step )roperties > "eport

)roperties

&isplays the /eport Properties dialog box for a

report step. vailable only when the selected step isa"eporter2"eport#entstep.

Find "earches for a specified string.

"eplace "earches and replaces a specified string.

*o To #oves the cursor to a particular line in the test.

Boo1mar1s Creates boomars in your script for easy

navigation.

Adanced > Comment

Bloc1

Comments out the current row, or selected rows.

Adanced > ncomment

Bloc1

/emoves the comment formatting from the current

or selected rows.


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Adanced > 'ndent %ndents the step according to the tab spacing definedinthe 1ditor Options dialog box.

Adanced > Outdent Outdents the step )reduces the indentation+according to the tab spacing defined in the

1ditor Options dialog box.

Adanced > *o to

Function .e(inition

*avigates to the definition of the selected function.

Adanced > Complete

3ord

Completes the word when you type the beginning ofa (2"cript method or object.

Adanced > Ar$ument

'n(o

&isplays the syntax of a method.

Adanced > Apply 43it!4

to Script

enerates 3it!statements for the action displayed

in the 1xpert (iew, and enables %ntelli"ensewithin 3it!statements.

Adanced > "emoe

43it!4 Statements

Converts any 3it!statements in the action

displayed in the 1xpert (iew to regular )single-line+(2"cript statements.

Optional Step %nserts an optional step )a step that is not re3uired tosuccessfully complete a run session+.

.iew menu8T"roug" t"is menu we can launc" and close, active screen,

#ata Table, #ebug viewer, information, missing resources etc.

%nsert Menu8 T"roug" t"is menu user can inserting c"eck points, out put

values, sync"roni%ing points.

In t"is menu step generator available, using t"is user can generate

recordable and non-recordable scripts.

T"roug" insert menu user can insert + Script conditional and loop

statements and transaction points


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T"roug" t"is menu we can start normal recording, analog recording

and 7ow levelrecording.

T"roug" t"is menu we can stop recoding, running and also we run tests.

Command Function

"ecord "tarts a recording session.

"un "tarts a run session from the beginning or from

the line at which the session was paused.

Stop "tops the recording or run session.

"un Current Action /uns only the active action.

"un (rom Step "tarts a run session from the selected step.

+aintenance "un +ode "tarts a run session during which the#aintenance /un #ode wi$ard opens for steps

that failed because an object was not found in

the application)if applicable+.

pdate "un +ode "tarts a run session to update

test objectdescriptions and other options )ifapplicable+.

Analo$ "ecordin$ "tarts recording in Analo$ "ecordin$mode.

Low Leel "ecordin$ "tarts recording in LowLeel "ecordin$mode.

"ecord and "un Settin$s Opens the /ecord and /un "ettings dialog box,

enabling you to define browser preferences for

recording and running your test.

)rocess *uidance List ists the processes that are available for the

current document type and for the currently

loaded Quic!est add-ins, enabling youto open them.

"esults 1nables you to view results for a test run

session.

Resources Menu8

T"is menu provides ob'ect repository and recovery scenarios options.


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QTP Test Process )tages of QTPTesting Process

:> Planning

o $naly%ing t"e $/To $utomation Test Plan Generation

o $utomation ramework Implementationo GeneratingASelecting Test cases for $utomationo (ollecting Test #atao QTP Tool Settings (onfiguration

=> Generating Tests

o ecordingo ?eyword driven met"odology

o #escriptive Programming

?> &n!ancing Tests

o Inserting ("eckpointso Inserting &utput valueso $dding (ommentso Sync"roni%ationo Parameteri%ation

o Inserting low (ontrol Statementso (alling /ser defined functions andAor eusable $ctions

o Generating Steps t"oug" Step Generatoro Inserting Transaction Pointso egular !xpressions

@> e#ugging Tests

o #ebug (ommands 6 reak Pointso Step by step executiono 0atc"ing +ariables

o ("anging values of variables

> Running Tests

o 8ormal !xecutiono atc" !xecution

o T"roug" $&) Scriptingo Tests unning t"roug" frameworko Sc"eduled !xecution


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> Analy(ing Results

o QTP esult windowo #efining our own esultso !xporting esults

o #eleting esults

> Reporting efects

o )anual #efect eportingo Tool based #efect eportingo 0orking wit" Quality (enter-----------------------------------------------------------

Types of)tatementsin QTP Test + Test )cript

i> eclarations "#$ect calls

!xCB #ialog


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vii>.B scriptot!erstatements

!xamplesB&ption !xplicit0ait Test Recording Process

It is a Process of ecording user operations on $/T Running +&,ecution Process

#uring unning QTP reads statements one by one andgets &b'ect Information from t"e &b'ect epository, based on t"at

Information performs operations on $/T.

c> Recording Modes

QTP "as ecording )odes to generate Tests A Test Scriptsi> 2ormal Recording

It records /ser )ouse and ?eyboard operations on $/T wit" respect toob'ects, but unable to record continuous mouse operations like #igitalSignatures, grap"s, paints etc.

#uring recording QTP generates +bScript statements in Test Pane,Simultaneously it stores ob'ects information into ob'ect repository.

2avigation8$utomationLecord &r

Select ecord option on automation toolbar &r /se s"ort cut key


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.It s"ows ecord and un Settings, Select type of !nvironment

Analog Recording8

It records t"e exact mouse and keyboard operations. 0e can use t"ismode for recording continuous mouse operations. It is not useful forrecording normaloperations w"y because it does not generate steps foreac" operation, generates total user actions in a Track ile. T"e Track fileis not editable.

2avigation8

C.?eep tool under recording mode:.$utomation L$nalog ecording&/se S"ort cut ?ey


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9 It is used for $naly%ing t"e $/T in t"e initial stage to find out weat"er

t"e QTP tool is ecogni%ing all of our $pplication &b'ects or not

9 It is easy to create Tests A Test Scripts

9It is used for fre4uently c"anging /I


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T"is "elps make bot" test creation and maintenance easier over time.Configuring Quic'Test According to our Testing 2eeds

$fter we set up t"e test automation infrastructure, we needto configure QuickTest to use t"is infrastructureB

#efine your global testing preferences.

0e need to specify configuration settings t"at affect "ow we createand run tests in generalRt"ese settings are not test-specific.

Building our Tests

0e can create tests t"at are as simple or complex as needed. Ingeneral, it is best to create tests and actions t"at c"eck 'ust one or afew simple functions or complete atransaction rat"er t"an creatinglong tests and actions t"at perform several complex tasks or t"atperform many tasks.

0e may perform t"e following tasks w"en creating tests and teststepsB

(reate new tests, if needed. To do so, select ile L 8ew L Test.

(reate t"e re4uired actions.

$ssociate our ob'ect repositories wit" t"e relevant actionsT"is enables us to insert steps t"at perform operations on t"oseob'ects.$ssociate our function libraries wit" t"e relevant tests. T"is enables usto use our special keywords in any of t"e associated tests.

Obect Re!ository"#$ectRepository8

It is a storage place of QTP w"ere ob'ects information can be stored andit also acts as interface between t"e Test script and t"e $/T in order toidentify t"e ob'ects during execution.

"#$ect8&b'ect is somet"ing, w"ic" "as structure and properties.

)oftware o#$ects8


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/ser can add some more ob'ects to 7ocal repository

/ser can perform rename, delete operations on local repository. $s it isQTP internal file user no need to save modifications.

)!ared Repository8

/ser


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2ote8$fter merging also, source repository files will be available, if we donot want source files we can delete.

efining 2ew Test "#$ects

8avigationB &b'ectL#efine new test ob'ect LSelect

!nvironmentLSelect (lass oft"e ob'ectL!nter name of t"e ob'ectL(lick$ddLclick closeLSelect ob'ectLselect property nameLenter value


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0e can export our repository file to an xml file.

8avigationB ile Lexport Test ob'ects to @)7 !nter t"e file name and Savewit" xml extension.

%mporting Repository from3M4 file7

0e can import @)7 file to our repository.

8avigationB ileLimport from @)7 Lbrowse pat" of t"e @)7 file Lit loadsob'ects.

8oteB T"e purpose of t"is feature is !diting ob'ects information outside oft"e QTP

8avigationB esource menuLob'ect repository


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= creation time


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$s QTP is a I-tier


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rowser #lclic'It #ouble clicks t"e ob'ect.

> )et)et"odIt can be used in t"ree ways.

a. or setting t"e value of an edit boxSyntaxB &b'ect 1ierarc"y. S!T +alueU!xB #ialog


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!xB rowser Getitemscount8It returns number of items in a combobox.SyntaxB +ariableOob'ect "ierarc"y.getitemscount!xB xO0indow


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msgbox datatable.GetS"eet(ount


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!xB

&ption explicit #im a, b, c

aOdatatable.+alue


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SyntaxB datatable.!xportS"eet Pat" of ileU, S"eet 8ame ASource S"eetU

!xB datatable.!xportS"eet Bgcreddy.xlsU, :

**********************ata riven Testing for 4ogin "peration usingata Ta#lemet!ods

#atatable.$ddS"eet N7oginN#atatable.ImportS"eetN(B#ocuments andSettingsgcr#esktopgcreddy.xlsN,C,owsXcountO#atatable.GetS"eet


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!ntering A Providing ob'ects information directly into t"e test script iscalled #escriptive Programming.

In t"is met"od of script creation, we no need to "ave &b'ect

epositories.

Advantages8

a= #escriptive Programming based Test scripts are faster in executiont"an epository based Test scripts.

b= Scripts are portable


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2ote=8If we feel one property information is not sufficient for recogni%ing t"eob'ect uni4uely, t"en we can provide more properties informationby separating wit" commas.

2ote ?8

If we want to get ob'ects information


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!xecuteile Pat" of t"e 7ibrary file


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#ialog


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:;. Image c"eckpoint::. Table c"eckpoint

8ote CB rom E to CC c"eckpoints are only for 0eb.

8ote :B rom J to CC c"eckpoints are "idden c"eckpoints, we can insert

t"esec"eckpoints t"roug" standard c"eckpoint.

:7 )tandard C!ec'point8

It c"ecks ob'ect property values. 0e can use t"is c"eckpoint for c"ecking

anyproperty value.

2avigation for %nserting standard c!ec'point

?eep tool under recording mode L place cursor in desired location L Insert L c"eckpoint L Standard c"eckpoint L S"ow t"e ob'ect L click okay L select property and

enter expected results 6 click &k and stop ecording.

2avigation for &diting standard c!ec'point

Select ("eckpoint statement and rig"t click L c"oose c"eckpoint properties option Lmodify t"e value L click &k.

2avigation for eleting standard c!ec'point8

Select ("eckpoint statements and rig"t click L c"oose delete option.

%nserting )tandard c!ec' points t!roug! active screen8

+iew L $ctive Screen Lplace cursor in desired location LPlace mouse pointer on

active screen 6 rig"t clickL c"oose insert standard c"eckpoint option L click ok Lenter expected result L click ok

8oteB Inserting Standard c"eck points t"roug" keyword view same as in expertview.

2ote80e can insert standard c"eckpoints in ways.

a7 T"roug" expert view,

#7 T"roug" keyword view,c7 T"roug" $ctive screen.

=> Te,t C!ec'point8

It ("ecks ob'ectMs text property value in different ways.

2avigation8


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?eep tool under ecording mode LInsert menu L c"eckpoint L Text c"eckpoint LS"ow t"e ob'ect L click ok L Select options

(Match case; ignore spaces# e+act match# te+t not displa"ed.$

0e can select one or more options L click ok 6 stop ecording.

?> Te,t Area C!ec'point8

It c"ecks t"e text area present in t"e application.

8avigationB

?eep tool under ecording mode L Insert menuL ("eckpoint L Text area c"eckpointL )ark t"e area of text L select one or more options

(Match case# ignore spaces# e+act match# te+t not displa"ed.$

(lick ok and stop recording.

@7 Bitmap c!ec'point8

It compares bitmaps5 we can compare complete bitmaps as well as part of t"ebitmaps.

2avigationB

?eep tool under ecording mode L Insert menu L ("eckpoint L itmap c"eckpoint

L s"ow t"e itmap Lclick ok Lselect c"eck only selected areaU option if we want tocompare part of t"e bitmap L click ok Lstop recording.

7 ata#ase c!ec'point8

It c"ecks (ontent of t"e back end #atabase.

2avigation8Insert L c"eckpoint L #atabase c"eckpoint Lc"oose specify SQ7statement manuallyU option Lclick next L click create L select mac"ine data source

L Select #S8


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Configuring accessi#ility c!ec'point8

Tools menuL options Lweb L advanced L c"eckAunc"eck items L click apply L click

ok

%nvigilation8?eep tool under recording mode wit" web environmentLinsertLc"eckpointLaccessibility c"eckpointLs"ow t"e webpageLclick okLclick

okLstop recording.

esult (riteriaB

a= If item is available but not according to 0( rules t"en fail.b= If an item is available, according to 0( rules t"en Pass.

c= If an item is not available t"en result would be pass

7 3M4C!ec' pointDfromApplication>

It c"ecks content of t"e @)7 file.

8avigationB?eep tool under ecording mode in web environment L insert menu L c"eckpoint


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It c"ecks Image property values.

2avigation8?eep tool under ecording mode wit" web environment L Insert menu L c"eckpointLstandard c"eckpoint L s"ow t"e image L select image L click ok L click ok Lstop

recording.

::7Ta#le c!ec'point8

It c"ecks content of t"e web tables.

8avigationB ?eep tool under ecording mode under web environment L Insert menuL c"eckpoint L standard c"eckpoint Ls"ow t"e web table L click ok Lstop

recording.

%nserting "utput .alues

It is a step in w"ic" one or more values are captured during test execution.

T"e values can later be used as input at a different point in t"e run session or we can

use as input for anot"er test.

It is stored in run time data table5 it is located in QTP result window and can be

retrieved later.

Types of "utput .alues8

:7 Standard output value

=7 Text output value

?7 Text area output value

@7 #atabase output value

7 @)7 output value


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we can use @)7 output values to output t"e values of @)7 elements in

@)7documents.

8avigationB ?eep tool under recording mode wit" web environment L Insert menu L

output value L @)7 output value from application L S"ow t"e @)7 document L

select elements L click ok Lstop recording.

> 3M4 output .alue D*rom Resource>8

0e can use @)7 output values to output t"e values of @)7 elements in

@)7documents.

2avigation8

Insert menu Loutput valueL @)7 output value from resource L browse pat" of t"e

@)7 file L click ok L select elements Lclick ok.Para%eteri'ationPassing parameters, t"roug" t"is we can pass multiple values.

0e use parameteri%ation in #ata #riven Testing.

ata riven TestingB Testing t"e Same operation wit" multiple setsof test data.

Types of Parameteri(ationB 0e can parameteri%e testsin several ways in QTP

C. T"roug" 7oop Statements:. #ynamic Test #ata Submission. T"roug" #ata Table. etc"ing Test #ata directly from !xternal files


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ii= (lick on column "eaderLenter t"e name of t"e field


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(onnecting Test #ata to QTP Test as above and run t"e test.

d7 %mporting test data from ata #ases8

T"roug" #ata table we can import Test #ata from #ata bases, but first

we "ave to create Aget t"e #S8


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xOmyfile.readlineSOsplit


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Set inputdataO(reate&b'ect


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Place cursor in desired locationLkeep tool under recordingmodeLInsert menuLSync"roni%ation point Ls"ow t"e ob'ect LclickokLselect property name 6 +alue


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:= It is recommended, w"enever we want to observe t"e Test !xecution

process= 8o ob'ect reference re4uired to insert wait statements

= It is useful to make QTP capture values and screen s"ots during test

execution

%nserting Transaction Points

QTP is providing a /tility ob'ect called )ervicesfor measuring transaction time

Suppose, we want to measure "ow muc" time t"at one test or part of t"e test is

taking for executionArunning, we can measure using t"ese transaction point


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InteractiveQuickTest Professionalsamplesflig"tappN,NopenN#ialog

T"e Step Generator enables us to add steps by selecting from a range of

context-sensitive options and entering t"e re4uired values. In t"e

Step Generatordialog box we can define steps t"at useB

Test ob'ect operations


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efore we open t"e Step Generator to define a new step, we first

select w"ere inour test t"e new step s"ould be inserted.

$fter we open t"e Step Generator, we first select t"e category for t"e

step operation


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. (ommand

8oteB T"roug" #ebug +iewer Pane, 0e can watc" variables w"et"er t"e variables

aretaking correct values or not at a specific point of time. 0e can c"ange +alues of+ariables temporarily.

!x B

#im x,y,%

xOC;

yO:;

%Oxy

msgbox %

msgbox N1elloN

xOD

yOE>

%Ox*y

msgbox %

msgbox Nbye byeN

8avigationB +iew menu L #ebug +iewer L /se step into feature.

naly'ing Test Results Re!orting

$naly%ing t"e Test esult is not a responsibility of QTP. $fter unning

Tests, /ser


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c= #one

d= 0arning

efining our own Result8Generally QTP provides, test results, if we use 4tp tool features like

c"eckpoints. suppose if we use flow control statements


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9 $o!ying an ction

9 Ma&ing an ction Reusable:4on Reusable

Creating an Action:"nsert;call to new action;enter na%e o# the action;clic& o&(te!s2

3. $reate re


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msgbox x 3 &utputB bad

valONJ:>H>>HNxOig"t>H,D=msgbox x 3 &utputB >>H

valO]C;-C;-C;]xOig"t Mid function

eturns a specified number of c"arectors of a given string

!xampleB

#im val,xvalON1yderabadNxO)id>HN

xO)id>H

valON1J:yderabadNxO)id


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xO)idH>>H,D=msgbox x 3 &utputB H>>H

valO]C;-C;-C;]

xO)id )trReverse

retuns reverse value of a string

!xampleB

#im val,xvalON1yderabadNxOStreverse


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(overts /pper case values into 7ower case

#im val,xvalON1V#!$$#N

xO7case 0case function

(overts 7ower case values into /pper case

!xampleB

#im val,xvalON1V#!$$#NxO/case


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xO/case


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Types of &nvironment varia#les8

C. Built in varia#les8T"ese are system defined variables, we can access

from all tests but t"ese are designed as read only.

:. 0ser defined varia#les8+ariables t"at we predefine in t"e activeexternal environment variables file. 0e can create as many files as we

want and we can c"ange values of variables.

0sage of environment varia#les8

SyntaxB

+ariable O !nvironment


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ile L settings L!nvironment L select variable type as user defined

L c"eck load variables and values from t"e external fileU L browse pat"

of t"e xml file L click apply 6 ok.

&r

1e can load environment file directly

!nvironment.loadfromfileUpat" of t"e xml fileU

0sage of user defined &nvironment varia#les8

$ssociate environment file to current testB

+ariable O !nvironment


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0e can define a regular expression for a constant value, a #ata

Table parameter value, an !nvironment parameter value, or a property

value in #escriptive programming.

0e can define a regular expression in standard c"eckpoint to verifyt"e property values of an ob'ect5 we can set t"e expected value of an

ob'ect3s property as aregular expression so t"at an ob'ect wit" a varying

value can be verified.

0e can define t"e text string as a regular expression, w"en creating a

text c"eckpoint to c"eck t"at a varying text string is displayed on

our application,

or @)7 c"eckpoints we can set attribute or element values as regular

expressions.

1ays of Regular &,pressions8

a> Bac'slas! C!aracter8

$ backslas" Matc!ing Any )ingle C!aracter in a 4ist8

S4uare brackets instruct QTP to searc" for any single c"aracter wit"in a

list of c"aracters.

!xB

To searc" for t"e date CHE>, CHEH, or CHEJ, enterB


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CHE^>HJ_

d> Matc!ing Any )ingle C!aracter 2ot in a 4ist8

0"en a caret Matc!ing ero or "ne )pecific C!aracter8

$ 4uestion mark


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or exampleB

^a-%$-\_*

To matc" any number between ; and C:;;, we need to matc" numbers

wit" C digit, : digits, digits, or digits between C;;;-C:;;.

T"e regular expression below matc"es any number between ; and C:;;.

Matc! *ile 2ames in a irectory againstRegular &,pression

Set ob'S O (reate&b'ect


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ob'!.Ignore(ase O alse

ob'!.Pattern O 0Script.$rguments


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0e can manage t"e virtual ob'ects defined on our computer using t"e +irtual

&b'ect )anager.

2avigation8

Select Tools )enu Go to +irtual ob'ects

Select Y8ew +irtual &b'ectM option

(lick 8ext

)ark t"e area in t"e $pplication wit" "elp of mark ob'ect button

(lick next

Select one of t"e following options

o !ntire Parent "ierarc"y

o Parent only

(lick on 8ext

Specify t"e #esired ob'ect name Specify t"e #esired collection name

(lick finis"

.irtual "#$ect Manager8

+irtual ob'ect )anager feature enable us to create and manage +irtual

&b'ects

Batc! Testing or Batc! &,ecution

!xecuting a group of Tests or series of tests at a time is known as atc"Testing or atc" !xecution. or performing atc" Testing, QTP isproviding a separate Tool called Test atc" unner.

)teps for Batc! Testing8

C=. (reate Individual Tests and un once.

:=. &pen 3Test batc" unner3 Tool and orm atc"es.

= Provide permission to 3Test batc" unner3 to run tests

=. un or !xecute Test atc"es from Test atc" unner.

D= +iew Test wise esult in 3Test esult +iewer3.


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$ step in your test does not run successfully t"en Test un !rror

can be raised.

2avigation 8

esources )enu -Lecovery Scenario )anager - L8ew -L8ext -LSelectTestrunerror0indowU as Trigger event -L8ext -Lselect any error o -L8ext -L8ext-LSelect function call as ecovery&peration -L8ext ^&pen 8otepad -LSave empty file wit" .vbs extension_-Lrowset"e .vbs fie pat" -L8ext -L/nc"eck $dd anot"er ecovery &peration-L8ext -LSelect Post-ecovery Test un &ption ^epeat current step and continue,

Proceed to8ext step, Proceed to 8ext $ction, Proceed to next test iteration, estart

current testSelect &ption 8ext !nter Scenario 8ame 8ext run, Stopt"e Test un_ ecord re4uired ecovery &peration ^(lickSave t"e scenario wit" .4rsUinis" (lick unSave t"e library file ok, (lick (ancel_ take t"e script intofunction

Div> "#$ect )tate7

T"e property values of an ob'ect in your application matc"

specified values. Vou can specify property values for eac" ob'ect in t"e

"ierarc"y.

2avigation8

esources )enu -L ecovery Scenario )anager -L 8ew -L 8ext -L

Select &b'ect state

0indowU as Trigger event -L 8ext -L (lick on 1and Icon -L S"ow ob'ectwit" "and icon

-L 8ext -L 8ext-Lselect ob'ect property wit" value


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Select Post-ecovery Test un &ption ^epeat current step and continue,

Proceed to

8ext step, Proceed to 8ext $ction, Proceed to next test iteration, estart

current test

run, Stop t"e Test un_ -L 8ext-L !nter Scenario 8ame -L 8ext -L

Select &ption -Linis" -L Save t"e scenario wit" .4rsU -L ecord re4uired ecovery

&peration ^(lick

ok, (lick (ancel_ take t"e script into function -L Save t"e library file -L

(lick un

*ile )ystem "perations

*ile )ystem8

Its an operating system feature, it allows users to create, modify,

view and delete5 drives,folders and files

+ Script is providing an ob'ect called scripting.filesystemob'ect

and some met"ods for performing file systems operations

*ile )ystem "#$ect Model8

T"e ile System &b'ect


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full-featured database. In t"is case, storing our data in a text file or

binary file is t"e most efficient solution.

T"e S& model, contained in t"e Scripting type library


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3(reating an $utomation &b'ect in ileSystem class

3&pening t"e !xternal Test #ata file using t"e &b'ect

3ead t"e #ata 6 Split t"e #ata

3Generating t"e 7ogin &peration

3Pass Parameters

3********************************************************

#im ob'so, myile, my7ine, myield

Set ob'soO(reate&b'ect


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5.@(erverAEour(erver4a%eDatabaseAEourDatabase4a%eTrusted$onnecti

onATrue@

MS Access connection strings

M( ccess ODB$ connection strings(tandard (ecurity2

@DriverA

Microso#tccessDriver/H.%db0CDBQA$2I!!3IEourDatabase4a%e.%db>idAEou

r>serna%ePwdAEourPassword@

1or&grou!2

@DriverAMicroso#t ccess Driver /H.%db0C

DbidAEour>serna%e

PwdAEourPassword@

M( ccess O?7 DB OleDb$onnection /.47T #ra%ewor&0 connection strings

O!en connection to ccess database2

@ProviderAMicroso#t.Jet.O?7DB..L Data

(ourceAc2I!!3IEourDatabase4a%e.%db >ser "dAad%in PasswordA@

O!en connection to ccess database using 1or&grou! /(yste% database02

@ProviderAMicroso#t.Jet.O?7DB..L Data (ourceAc2I!!3IEourDatabase4a%e.%db Jet O?7DB2(yste% DatabaseAc2I!!3IEour(yste%Database4a%e.%dw@

O!en connection to !assword !rotected ccess database2

@ProviderAMicroso#t.Jet.O?7DB..L Data

(ourceAc2I!!3IEourDatabase4a%e.%db Jet O?7DB2Database

PasswordAEourPassword@

O!en connection to ccess database located on a networ& share2

@ProviderAMicroso#t.Jet.O?7DB..L Data(ourceAII(erver4a%eI(hare4a%eI(har

ePathIEourDatabase4a%e.%db@

O!en connection to ccess database located on a re%ote server2

@ProviderAM( Re%ote Re%ote (erverAhtt!2::Eour-Re%ote-(erver-"P Re%ote

ProviderAMicroso#t.Jet.O?7DB..L Data

(ourceAc2I!!3IEourDatabase4a%e.%db@


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MySQ connection strings

My(Q? ODB$ connection strings

O!en connection to local My(Q? database using My(Q? ODB$ 6.3 Driver

@ProviderAM(D(Q? DR"+7RAMy(Q? ODB$ 6.3DriverC (7R+7RA localhost

DTB(7AEourMy(Q?Database >"DA Eour>serna%eP((1ORDAEourPassword OPT"O4A6@

My(Q? O?7 DB OleDb$onnection /.47T #ra%ewor&0 connection strings

O!en connection to My(Q? database2

@ProviderAMy(Q?ProvData (ourceAEourMy(Q?Database>ser

"dAEour>serna%e PasswordAEourPassword@

Oracle connection strings

Oracle ODB$ connection stringsO!en connection to Oracle database using ODB$@DriverA Microso#tODB$#orOracleC(erverAEourOracle(erver.world>idAEour>serna%ePwdAEour

Password@Oracle O?7 DB OleDb$onnection /.47T #ra%ewor&0 connection stringsO!en connection to Oracle database with standard security23. @ProviderAM(DORData (ourceAEourOracleDatabase>ser"dAEour>serna%ePasswordAEourPassword@5. @ProviderAOraO?7DB.OracleEourOracleDatabase>ser"dAEour>serna%ePasswordAEour

Password@

O!en trusted connection to Oracle database@ProviderA OraO?7DB.OracleData(ourceAEourOracleDatabaseO(uthentA3@

A"M)criptingDAutomation"#$ect Model>

"#$ect Model8

$n ob'ect model is a structural representation of software ob'ects


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QTP $utomation ob'ect model provides ob'ects, met"ods and properties

t"at enable us to control QTP from anot"er application.

0e can use Scripting languages or programming languages suc" as

+script, 2ava script or +(, .8et for automating QTP operations.

!xampleB

:> 1rite an A"M )cript to launc! QTP ToolI &,ecute Tests and to

close t!e QTP Tool

option explicit

#im 4t$pp

Set 4t$ppOcreateob'ect 1rite an A"M script to e,ecute series of tests

#im ob'so,ob'Qtp,myile,i,gcreddy

Set ob'Qtp O (reate&b'ect


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#o /ntil myile.$t!nd&fStream OTrue

testurl O myile.ead7ine

ob'Qtp.&pen gcreddy

ob'Qtp.Test.un

ob'Qtp.Test.(losei O iC

7oop

ob'Qtp.Quit

Set ob'Qtp O 8ot"ing

ynamic !andling of o#$ect Repositories

7oading repositories during running, finding pat" of t"e repositories and

removing repositories is called #ynamic 1andling of &b'ect epositories.

/sing t"is feature we can increase QTP performance. To do t"is, QTP is

providing an ob'ect called RepositoriesCollectionU.

)ynta,for 4oading a Repository8

epositories(ollection.$dd Pat" of t"e epository ileU

)ynta, for finding Position of t!e Repository8

+ariableOepositories(ollection.ind


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posOepositories(ollection.ind


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For 7ach oDrive in colDrivesMsgBo8 @Drive letter2 @ oDrive.Drive?etter4e8t

-# .etting a!ailable space on a Disk Dri!e

(et oF(O A $reateObect/@(cri!ting.File(yste%Obect@0(et oDrive A oF(O.=etDrive/@$2@0MsgBo8 @vailable s!ace2 @ oDrive.vailable(!ace

Flat File (cri!tsComputer *ile )ystemIt is a feature of t"e &perating System, used to(reateA)odifyAviewAdelete #rives, olders and iles

") istri#ution&perating System and &t"er /tilities

*ile)ystem"#$ect

+Script "as Provided *ile)ystem"#$ectto perform file systemoperations t"roug" scripting

#im ob'so3(reating an $utomation &b'ect in ile System class, t"at can be usedto perform&perations on (omputer ile System

Set ob'soO(reate&b'ect


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Set ob'S& O (reate&b'ect


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3Pass Parameters3*************************************************

#im ob'so, myile, my7ine, myieldSet ob'soO(reate&b'ect


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E>C!ec'ingweat!er t!e *ile is availa#le or notI if availa#le delete

t!e *ile

str#irectoryON!BNstrileONgcr.txtN



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sile8ameON!Bgcr.txtNsStringONgcreddyN(onst &X!$#I8G O C#im oso, oTxtile, seadTxt, oeg!x, o)atc"es

Set oso O (reate&b'ect


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(onst oreading O C



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myile.0rite7ine Nutton 8amesN

myile.0rite7ine N----------NSet outtonO#escription.(reateoutton elete a Te,t file if it is an empty file

#im ob'so, ilePat"ilePat"ON(B#ocuments and Settingsgcreddy#esktopabc.txtNSet ob'soO(reate&b'ect


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ob'(on.ProviderO &,porting ata from a ata#ase to an &,cel)!eet

C= #im con,rs

:= Set conOcreateob'ect= Set exOcreateob'ect


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0script.!c"o ob'ecordSet.ecord(ount

> "pen a ata#ase 0sing a )2

(onst ad&penStatic O (onst ad7ock&ptimistic O

Set ob'(onnection O (reate&b'ect "pen Two Recordsets

(onst ad&penStatic O (onst ad7ock&ptimistic O

Set ob'(onnection O (reate&b'ect


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!nd If

8ext

ob's.)ove8ext

7oop

ob'!xcel.QuitSet ob'!xcelO8ot"ing

ob's.(lose

ob'(on.(lose

Set ob'sO8ot"ing

Set ob'(omO8ot"ing

QTP ata#ase )cript &,amples-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

:> ata riven Testing for 4ogin "peration #y *etc!ing Test atadirectly *rom a ata#ase

&ption !xplicit

#im ob'(onnection, ob'ecordSet

'Creating an Automation Object in Database Connection Class,

that can be used to connect to Databases

Set ob'(onnectionO(reate&b'ect


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0indow


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ob'(onnection.ProviderO &,port ata from a ata#aseTa#leto an&,cel fileD=nd )!eet>

&ption !xplicit#im ob'(onnection, ob'ecordset

#im ob'!xcel, ob'0orkbook, ob'0orks"eet, i

Set ob'(onnection O (reateob'ect


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ob'ecordset.&pen NSelect $gent, Password from 7oginN, ob'(onnection

i O : 3ows

#o /ntil ob'ecordset.!&

ob'0orks"eet.cells


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#o /ntil ob'ecordset.!&

myile.0rite7ine ob'ecordset.ields &,port ata from a Te,t *ile to a ata#aseTa#le

&ption !xplicit

#im ob'(onnection, ob'(ommand

#im ob'so,myile,my7ine,myield,S8&,$gent,Password

Set ob'(onnection O (reateob'ect


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ob'(ommand.$ctive(onnection O ob'(onnection

ob'(ommand.(ommandText O NInsert into 7ogin:

values


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Set ob'!xcel O (reate&b'ect


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ob'!xcel.0orkbooks.&pen


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#im ob'!xcel

Set ob'!xcel O createob'ect


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>= System/til.un $pplication#ir 6 $pplicationPat"

H= !nd IfJ= #ialog= eporter.eport!vent ;,NsdN,NPassNH= Invokeapplication N(BProgram iles)ercury InteractiveQuickTestProfessionalsamplesflig"tappflig"ta.exeNJ= !nd IfC;= #ialog


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CJ= #ialog


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CJ= else

:;= eporter.eport!vent C,NesN,N/pdate &rder utton !nabledN:C= !nd If::= If aoOTrue T"en:= eporter.eport!vent ;,NesN,N/pdate &rder utton !nabledN

:= else:D= eporter.eport!vent C,NesN,N/pdate &rder utton #isabledN

:E= !nd If

> Price ConsistencyI %n*lig!t Reservation


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available or not in ly ToB combo box, like t"is select all items one by one

in ly rom and verify weat"er selected items available or not in ly To.=

C= &ption explicit:= #im 4tp,flig"tXapp,f,t,i,',x,y

= If 8ot 0indow= !nd If:H= 8ext:J= 8ext

E> .erify "rder 2o &ntry in *lig!t Reservation7


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C= If 8ot window


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:;> CountI !ow many Buttons and &dit #o,es availa#le in *lig!t

Reservation main window7

C= If 8ot window


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;= onoOfalse

C= eporter.eport!vent ;,NesN,NPassN:= else= eporter.eport!vent C,NesN,NailN= !nd If

D= 0indow


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Set rowsers O#esktop.("ild&b'ects


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k=

Set!ditoxesObrowser


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perfumeXN=.0eb!dit


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*unction to Clear Coo'iesD>

unction (lear(ookies


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Set )yileOfso.&penTextile


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#im d

set mwO(reate&b'ect


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Set ob'(ollOrowser


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msgbox Target/rl

rowser


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cD.font.colorOvbed

!nd If

rowser ata riven Testing for 4ogin "peration #y fetc!ing from

ane,cel file
http://www.gcreddy.com/2010/04/qtp-scripting.htmlhttp://www.gcreddy.com/2010/03/excel-scripts.htmlhttp://www.gcreddy.com/2010/04/qtp-scripting.htmlhttp://www.gcreddy.com/2010/03/excel-scripts.html


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#im ob'!xcel, myile, myS"eetSet ob'!xcelO(reate&b'ect


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myS"eet.(ells


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Set colItems O wms.!xecQuery


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strTextONgcreddyN

streadOmyfile.(ontent

Set eg!xpOnew regexp

regexp.ignorecaseOTrue

regexp.globalOTrue

regexp.patternOstrTextSet matc"esOregexp.execute


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!nd if!nd unctionmsgbox Generating t!e #asic Test

C= ?eyword driven met"odologyAS"ared ob'ect repositorymet"odAPreparing t"e script manually:= #escriptive programmingAProgrammatic #escriptionsi= !ntering Programmatic #escriptions #irectly into Statements

ii= /sing #escription &b'ects for Programmatic #escriptions

iii= etrieving ("ild &b'ectsiv= /sing t"e Index Property in Programmatic #escriptions

c> &n!ancing t!e Test

a= $dding (ommentsb= (reating ("eckpoints Programmaticallyc= Sync"roni%ationd= Parameteri%atione= Inserting Programmatic statementsf= !n"ancing Tests wit" t"e windows $PI

g= (alling unctions andAor $ctions

d> e#ugging t!e Test

e> Running t!e Test

f> Analy(ing t!e Test Results


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g> Reporting efects

a. )anual #efect eportingb. Tool based #efect eportingc. Integration wit" Quality (enter

%%> .B )cript

+bScript is t"e QTP Tool #efault Scripting 7anguage for applayingProgamming 7ogic, so learn +bscript indept".

elow fundamentals 6 eatures are ImportantB

a> .B)cript *undamentals

C=Introductiona= Scripting 7anguages vs. Programming 7anguagesb= asic eatures of +Script

c= 1osting !nvironments 6 Script !nginesd= (rating 6 running a Script

:= +ariables and (onstantsa= +Script data typesb= #eclaring +ariables and &ption !xplicit Statement

c= $ssigning +alues to +ariablesd= Scalar +ariables and $rray +ariables

e= #ynamic $rrays, #imensional $rraysf= (onstantsg= +ariables +s. (onstants

= +Script &peratorsa= &perator Precedenceb= $rit"metic &peratorsc= (omparison &peratorsd= (oncatenation &peratorse= 7ogical &perators

= low (ontrol


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f= !xecuting a certain block of statements w"en two A more conditions are

True


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"= $lternation and Grouping

i= ackreferences'= egular !xpression Automation *ramewor'

$utomation ramework is a Systamatic $pproac" for $utomating,

SoftwareTesting Process.In order to (reate 6 un Tests as well oragani%ing 6 )anaging$utomation esources, a well defined ramework re4uired.


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ramework may vary from one company to anot"er.

elow concepts are important to learnBo Test $utomation ramework

o Types of rameworko ?eyword #riven ramework

o ramework Structureo #eveloping a obust $utomation rameworko Implementing 6 )anaging $utomation esources

%.> C"M+C"M Tec!nologies

0"en working wit" QTP, It is important to know,)icrosoft $pplications likeB

o )S !xcel,o )s 0ord,o &utlook !xpress and

o Internet !xplorer

.> 3M4

@)7 is an extremely popular and useful format. It can be used in severalareas in QTP.

!xBo !xporting ob'ects,

o !nvironment +ariables,o #ata driven Testingo #ata transporting etc.

.%> )Q4

SQ7 ?nowledge is "ig"ly recomendable in order to perform #atabaseTesting using QTPelow concepts are importantBo #atabase undamentals

o #ata (reation 6 !xporting

o #atabase (onnectionso Select Statements

.%%> /TM4I "MIn order to work wit" 0eb based $pplications, It is important to femiliar

wit" web tec"nologies likeBo 1T)7, #1T)7o las"


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o 1TTP like Protocols

o #&)


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!nd If

Sum O 8umC 8um:

!nd unction

(all Sum

&rr "#$ect Properties and Met!ods

Properties

#escription Property

1elp(ontext Property


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1elpile Property

8umber Property

Source Property

Met!ods

(lear )et"od

aise )et"od

f> &,it )tatement

"pen ?; to @; "rders in *lig!t Reservation 1indowI if some

records not availa#le !andle t!e situation

&ption !xplicit

#im &rderX8umber

If 8ot 0indow


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eservationsN=.0inutton= It reduces maintenance of cost

H= Implicit Support of #ata Types.

J= 7imited support for /ser Interface #esign

C;= 7imited or 8o Support for Grap"ics #esign

!xample Scripting 7anguages areB

S"ell, Perl, + Script, 2ava Script, Pyt"on, uby, exx, P1P !tc..

Programming 4anguage8
http://www.gcreddy.com/2010/04/vb-script-for-qtp_05.htmlhttp://www.gcreddy.com/2010/04/vb-script-for-qtp_05.html


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C= It is a compiler based 7anguage.

:= (ompiler converts t"e w"ole program in single s"ort

into mac"ine language.

= It (reates .exe file.

8eed to compile t"e program

= It takes numerous lines of codeD= It increases development time

>= It Increases maintenance of cost

H= !xplicit support of #ata Types

J= ic" support for /ser Interface #esign

C;= ic" Support for Grap"ics #esign

!xample Programming 7anguages areB

(&&7, asic, (, (, +(, + !tc...

+B (cri!t Funda%entals nd Features.B )cript!as several purposes8

a= (lient side scripting in t"e 0eb


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f= low (ontrol Statements


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a= (omparing values

!xampleB

#im x,y,a

xOC;;

yOC;;aOxOy

)sgbox a 3It returns True

b= 1olding Program esult

!xampleB

(ostOTickets*Price

c= Passing parameters

d= To store data t"at returned by functions

!xampleB

my#ateO8ow Y It returns current data 6 time

e= To "old data

!xampleB

my8ameOUgcreddyU

eclaring .aria#les

0e declare variables explicitly in our script using t"e #im statement,

t"e Public statement, and t"e Private statement.

or exampleB

#im city

#im x

0e declare multiple variables by separating eac" variable name wit"

a comma. or

!xampleB

#im x, y, city, gcreddy

0e can also declare a variable implicitly by simply using its name in

our script. T"at is notgenerally a good practice because we could

misspell t"e variable name in one or more places, causing unexpected

results w"en our script is run. or t"at reason, t"e &ption !xplicit

statement is available to re4uire explicit declaration of all variables.

T"e &ption !xplicit statement s"ould be t"e first statement in our


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script.

"ption &,plicit )tatement

orces explicit declaration of all variables in a script.

&ption !xplicit 3 orce explicit variable declaration.

#im )y+ar 3 #eclare variable.

)yInt O C; 3 /ndeclared variable generates error.

)y+ar O C; 3 #eclared variable does not generate error.

2aming Restrictions for .aria#les

+ariable names follow t"e standard rules for naming anyt"ing in

+Script. $ variable nameB

a= )ust begin wit" an alp"abetic c"aracter.#im abc 3ig"t

#im Jab 30rong

#im abJ 3ig"t

b= (annot contain an embedded period.

#im abc 3ig"t

#im ab.c 3worng

#im ab-c 3wrong

#im ab c 3wrong

#im abXc 3ig"t

c= )ust not exceed :DD c"aracters.

d= )ust be uni4ue in t"e scope in w"ic" it is declared.

)cope of .aria#les

$ variable3s scope is determined by w"ere we declare it.

0"en we declare a variable wit"in a procedure, only code wit"int"at procedure can access or c"ange t"e value of t"at variable.

If we declare a variable outside a procedure, we make it recogni%able

to all t"e procedures in our script. T"is is a script-level variable, and it

"as script-level scope.

!xampleB

#im x,y,%


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!xampleB

#im $


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placed inside t"e parent"eses.

or exampleB#im )y$rray Arit!metic "perators8

&perator #escription

C= !xponentiation &perator DO>aises a number to t"e power of an

exponent

:= )ultiplication &peratorD5> )ultiplies two numbers.


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bO:

cO

dOc*a`b

3cOab

msgbox d 3C;;;

Addition DH> operator

#im a,b,c

aOC;

bO:

cOab

msgbox c 3C:


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bO:

cOa6b

msgbox c 3C;:

aONC;N

bON:NcOa6b

msgbox c 3C;:

aON"yderaN

bONbadN

cOa6b

msgbox c 3C;:

=>Comparison"perators

/sed to compare expressions.


C= O

:= ZL = Is &b'ect e4uivalence

&,ample8

#im x,y,%

xOC;

yO:;

%OxOy

)sgbox % 3alse

xOC;

yO:;

%OxLy)sgbox % 3alse

xOC;

yO:;

%OxLOy

)sgbox % 3alse


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xOC;

yO:;

%OxZLy

)sgbox % 3True

xOC;yO:;

%OxZy

)sgbox % 3True

xOC;

yO:;

%OxZOy

)sgbox % 3True

?> Concatenation "perators


C= $ddition &perator


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"#...Then...7lse state%ents can be nested to as %any levels as you need.

"# Runninga Statementif a Con%ition is True 1single statement#

To run only one state%ent when a condition is True, use the single-line synta8 #orthe "#...Then...7lse state%ent.

Di% %yDate%yDate A N5:36:N"# %yDate G 4ow Then %yDate A 4ow

RunningStatementsif a Con%ition is True 1multiplestatements#To run %ore than one line o# code, we %ust use the %ulti!le-line /or bloc&0 synta8.This synta8 includes the 7nd "# state%ent.

Di% 8

8A 5L"# 8;3L Then

%sgbo8 @8 value is2 @8%sgbo8 @Bye Bye@7nd "#

'# Running CertainStatementsif a Con%ition is True an% Running Ot)ers if aCon%ition is $alse

1e can use an "#...Then...7lse state%ent to de#ine two bloc&s o#e8ecutable state%ents2 one bloc& to run i# the condition is True, the other bloc& to

run i# the condition is False.

78a%!le2

Di% 88A "n!utbo8 /@ 7nter a value@0"# 8;3LL ThenMsgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@Msgbo8 @ is a Big 4u%ber@Msgbo8 @ value is2 @7lse

Msgbo8 @=$R@Msgbo8 @ is a (%all 4u%ber@Msgbo8 @ value is2 @7nd "#

(# Deci%ing 6et*een Se!eral Alternati!es

variation on the "#...Then...7lse state%ent allows us to choose #ro% severalalternatives. dding 7lse"# clauses e8!ands the #unctionality o# the "#...Then...7lse


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state%ent so we can control !rogra% #low based on di##erent !ossibilities.

78a%!le2Di% 88A "n!utbo8 /@ 7nter a value@0

"# 8;L and 8GA3LL ThenMsgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@Msgbo8 @ is a (%all 4u%ber@Msgbo8 @ value is @8

7lse "F 8;3LL and 8GALL ThenMsgbo8 @ello =$R@Msgbo8 @ is a Mediu% 4u%ber@

7lse "F 8;LL and 8GA3LLL Then

Msgbo8 @ello $handra Mohan Reddy@Msgbo8 @ is a ?arge 4u%ber@

7lseMsgbo8 @ello (ir@Msgbo8 @ is a =rand 4u%ber@7nd "#7nd "#7nd "#

,# 37ecuting a certain block ofstatements*)en t*o 8 morecon%itionsareTrue 19este% 0f555#

78a%!le2

Di% (tate, Region(tateA"n!utbo8 /@7nter a (tate@0RegionA"n!utbo8 /@7nter a Region@0

"# stateA @P@ Then"# RegionA @Telangana@ Then%sgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@%sgbo8 @Dist count is 3L@

7lse i# RegionA @Rayalase%a@ Then%sgbo8 @ello =$R@%sgbo8 @Dist count is @

7lse "# RegionA @$ostal@ Then%sgbo8 @ello $handra %ohan Reddy@%sgbo8 @Dist count is @


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Msgbo8@78!onentation o# 8,y values is @Result

$ase 7lseMsgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@%sgbo8 @1rong O!eration@

7nd (elect

?oo!ing Through $ode

$lo* Control 1oopStatements#

o ?oo!ing allows us to run a grou! o# state%ents re!eatedly.o (o%e loo!s re!eat state%ents until a condition is Falseo Others re!eat state%ents until a condition is True.o There are also loo!s that re!eat state%ents a s!eci#ic nu%ber o# ti%es.The #ollowing loo!ing state%ents are available in +B(cri!t2

o Do...?oo!2 ?oo!s while or until a condition is True.o 1hile...1end2 ?oo!s while a condition is True.o For...4e8t2 >ses a counter to run state%ents a s!eci#ied nu%ber o# ti%es.o For 7ach...4e8t2 Re!eats a grou! o# state%ents #or each ite% in a collection oreach ele%ent o# an array.

"# 4sing Dooops

1e can use Do...?oo! state%ents to run a bloc& o# state%ents aninde#inite nu%ber o# ti%es.

The state%ents are re!eated either while a condition is True or until a condition

beco%es True.

a# RepeatingStatements)ile a Con%ition is True

Re!eats a bloc& o# state%ents while a condition is True or until a condition beco%esTrue

i0 Do 1hile condition(tate%ents----------------------?oo!Or, we can use this below synta82

78a%!le2

Di% 8Do 1hile 8G 8A8S3Msgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@Msgbo8 @ello QTP@


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?oo!

ii0 Do(tate%ents----------------------?oo! 1hile condition

78a%!le2

Di% 88A3DoMsgbo8 @ello =.$.Reddy@Msgbo8 @ello QTP@8A8S3

?oo! 1hile 8G

b# Repeatinga Statement4ntil a Con%ition 6ecomes True

iii0 Do >ntil condition(tate%ents----------------------?oo!Or, we can use this below synta8278a%!le2

Di% 8Do >ntil 8A 8A8S3Msgbo8 @=.$.Reddy@Msgbo8 @ello QTP@?oo!

Or, we can use this below synta82

iv0 Do(tate%ents-----------

-----------?oo! >ntil conditionOr, we can use this below synta82

78a%!le2

Di% 88A3Do


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182/222


183/222

Statements

----------------------!nd Sub

!xampleB C

Sub (onvertTemp


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unction (elsius 0sing )u# and *unctionProceduresin Code

$ unction in our code must always be used on t"e rig"t side of a variableassignment or in an expression.

or exampleB

Temp O (elsius


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8otice t"at t"e parent"eses are omitted in t"e call w"en t"e (all

statement isn3t used.

> &,amples8

D"ere, I used lig"t eservation$pplication for creating unctions, w"ybecause, It is t"e default application for QTP, anybody can practice

easily...G ( eddy>

3*******************************************3 7ogin &peration3*******************************************unction 7ogin


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0indow


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3 unction to send a mail

3******************************************unction Send)ail


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DC Internal error

D;D Invalid or un4ualified referenceHC Invalid pictureD Invalid procedure call or argumentD;:C Invalid range in c"aracter set

J Invalid use of 8ullH 8amed argument not found

> &b'ect doesn3t support current locale settingD &b'ect doesn3t support t"is actionH &b'ect doesn3t support t"is property or met"odDC &b'ect not a collectionD; &b'ect not safe for creatingD; &b'ect not safe for initiali%ing

D;: &b'ect not safe for scripting: &b'ect re4uiredJC &b'ect variable not set

> &ut of )emory:H &ut of stack spaceC &ut of string space

E &verflowD Sub or function not definedJ Subscript out of rangeD;C> Syntax error in regular expressionE: T"e remote server mac"ine does not exist or is unavailableC; T"is array is fixed or temporarily locked

C Type mismatc"D;CH /nexpected 4uantifier

D;; +ariable is undefinedDH +ariable uses an $utomation type not supported in +ScriptD; 0rong number of arguments or invalid property assignment

=> .B )cript )ynta, &rrors

+Script syntax errors are errors t"at result w"en t"e structure of one ofyour+Script statements violates one or more of t"e grammatical rules oft"e+Script scripting language. +Script syntax errors occur during t"eprogram compilation stage, before t"e program "as begun to be

executed.

&rror 2um#er escription8

C;D: (annot "ave multiple default propertyAmet"od in a (lassC; (annot use parent"eses w"en calling a Sub

C;D (lass initiali%e or terminate do not "ave argumentsC;DH 3#efault3 specification can only be on Property GetC;D> 3#efault3 specification must also specify 3Public3


189/222

C;;D !xpected 3 !xpected 3(lass3

C;:D !xpected end of statementC;C !xpected 3!nd3

C;: !xpected expressionC;CD !xpected 3unction3C;C; !xpected identifierC;C: !xpected 3If3C;E !xpected 3In3C;:E !xpected integer constant

C;J !xpected 7et or Set or Get in property declarationC;D !xpected literal constantC;CJ !xpected 37oop3

C;:; !xpected 38ext3C;D; !xpected 3Property3C;:: !xpected 3Select3

C;: !xpected statementC;CE !xpected 3Sub3C;C> !xpected 3T"en3C;C !xpected 3To3C;CH !xpected 30end3C;:> !xpected 30"ile3 or 3

Documents

QTP Complete Reference for CS.doc