QTMD_Report_Ashish Minal Shrizana Oshin

8/12/2019 QTMD_Report_Ashish Minal Shrizana Oshin

1/16


2/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

:

1. Introduction

Healthy body contributes to healthy mind, healthy life and happiness. Reaching and maintaining

a healthy weight in ones life is very essential. Staying at a healthy weight no doubt makes one

look good but also results in increased energy and an improved sense of well-being. It also

decreases the risk of having medical problems such as heart-disease, diabetes etc. The key to

maintain a healthy weight is not just about a diet it about a proper change in lifestyle which

includes healthy eating, regular exercise or any kind of physical activities, and balancing the

number of calories you consumes with what your body uses.

A general guide for determining healthy weight is the body mass index or BMI. It is a ratio of

height to weight. It indicates if a person is overweight/underweight/normal. The normality

depends upon the age of a person, its different for adolescents and children. However, it has

limitations and can wrongly suggest the ratio in some cases. For example a gym trainer might be

in great shape but may have BMI exceeding whats recommended. This is due to the muscle

weight. Likewise, a person eating very healthy food and is extremely active may have high BMI

yet low body fat. A research published in a journal Obesity suggests that people with higher than

normal BMIs may live longer than their lower-weight counterparts. Therefore, instead of solely

focusing on a number on the BMI scale, one should focus on eating the right foods in the right

amount and getting sufficient exercise then the body will find the appropriate weight required.

In this study, we looked to answer the following questions:

Q1 What is the average weight of MBA students in Nepal?

Q2 Does the BMI have any relationship with the gender of MBA students?


3/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

;

2. Rationale of the Study

+=4*# 2=4( ?+(+'?@= 4( 2" 3*#+?(2'*# 2=+ 6?"6"?24"* "A =+40=2 '*# B+40=2C 4D+D

2=+ !"#$ &'(( )*#+, '/"*0 4*#4E4#3'7( -(23#+*2( "A FGHI& 4* "3? @'(+. '*# (++ 2=+

6?"6"?24"* "A 2=+(+ (23#+*2( 2='2 A'77 3*#+? 2=+ @'2+0"?$ "A 3*#+?B+40=2C *"?/'7 B+40=2 "?

"E+?B+40=2D J+ '?+ 4*2+?+(2+# 2" (++ 4A 2=+?+ 4( ' #4?+@2 @"??+7'24"* >+2B++* 0+*#+? "A 2=+

(23#+*2( '*# 2=+ @'2+0"?$ "A !&) 2=+$ A'77 "*2"D


4/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

M

National Institute of Healths NHLBI says:

Body mass index is defined as the individual's body mass divided by the square of their

height. The formulae universally used in medicine produce a unit of measure of kg/m2.

BMI can also be determined using a BMI chart, which displays BMI as a function of

weight (horizontal axis) and height (vertical axis) using contour lines for different values

of BMI or colors for different BMI categories.

Physical activity, exercise and physical fitness are the terms that describe different

concepts. Physical activity is defined as any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that

results in energy expenditure. The energy expenditure can be measured in kilocalories. Physical

activity in daily life can be categorized into occupational, sports, conditioning, household, or

other activities. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive

and has a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of physical fitness.

Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill related. The degree to which

people have these attributes can be measured with specific tests. Caspersen, C. J et.al. (1985)

No matter how much we try to make it fun, and no matter what the experts tell us about how

great we will feel, when we first start regular exercise, we will probably dislike it. Weil (2013)

College students face the academic workload of midterms and finals and there is relatively

constant underlying pressure to complete an upcoming assignment. College students behavior

like staying up all night to study for an exam may be stressful and can lead to less healthy

practices. When the body is in stress, the body release hormones called Cortisol. Too much

cortisol can cause a person to gain weight even when maintaining a normal diet plan. It is

because too much cortisol can slow the metabolism causing more weight gain. Pearlin (1989)


5/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

N

5. Research

5.1 Research Model

5.2 Hypothesis

The hypothesis formulated after the literature review are as follows.

H1: The average weight (in kgs) of MBA students is more than 55.

H2: Being under-weight, normal weight, or over-weight is independent of a MBA students

gender.


6/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

O

H3: The mean heights of MBA students who had constant weight, weight increase, and

weight decrease are significantly similar.

The testing of hypothesis is confined to the primary data collected from the respondents of

KUSOM MBA/FALL 2012.

6. Methodology

6.1 Sample

We took sample population of 28 students. The students of KUSOM MBA/FALL 2012 were

taken as the population for the study. Out of 28 students, 14(50 percent) were females and 14 (50

percent) were males.

6.2 Instrumentation

The instrument contained sub-parts. The first sub-part contained the KUSOM Roll Number. The

second part was the gender of the respondent. The third and fourth part asked for the height and

weight of the respondent respectively. The fifth part asked the respondent if their weight has

increased, decreased or remained constant after joining the MBA course. The sixth part provided

an option to select a food item for dinner on a day he/she were very hungry. And the last part

asked if the respondent exercise to remain fit.

6.3 Procedure

The questionnaires were sent through online method. The respondents of the survey were the

KUSOM MBA/FALL 2012 students . Total of 7 questionnaires were compiled and sent for the

response. 28 out of 34 students responded and answered the questionnaires. The data were


7/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

P

collected in the time frame of three days and the data analysis was done with the help of Chi-

Square Method, z-test and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).

6.4 Bias

The research includes only one major MBA institutions in Nepal. However, it excludes some

other MBA institutions, which might have some impact in the findings of the research. Based on

our judgment, we decided that the exclusion of those other institutions will not have any

significant influence in our conclusion.

7. Results and Discussion

7.1 The average weight (in kgs) of MBA students is more than 55.

To conclude that the average weight of MBA students is more than 55, we first set null

hypothesis, H 0: 55 and alternative hypothesis, H 1>55. For this we take the sample size of 28,

which is equal to the number of respondents of the survey. Since we are try to prove H 1>55, it is

a one tailed test.

Weight (kg): 65, 83, 65, 60, 57, 70, 52, 48, 75, 65, 50, 68, 50, 71, 45, 50, 70, 74, 70, 45, 44,

76, 52, 55, 76, 74, 45, 75

To test a hypothesis, we first calculate mean, which is 61.8 and then standard deviation of the

given data, which is 12.004. Next, we find standard error of the mean. We get this by dividing

standard deviation by the square root of sample size. After calculating standard error of the mean

i.e., 2.26, we calculate the t value by subtracting hypothesis mean (55) by mean (6.8) and then

dividing by the standard error. So, our observed t value is 3.008.


8/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

Q

We test the hypothesis at 0.05 significance level ( ! = 0.05). Our degree of freedom is 27 (n-1=28-

1). Since our sample size is less than 30, we look at t table corresponding to the value of ! = 0.05

with 27 degrees of freedom. So, our t value is 1.703

Since our observed t value 3.008>1.703, we reject the null hypothesis. And conclude that the

average weight of MBA students is more than 55 kgs.

7.2 Being under-weight, normal weight, or over-weight is independent of a MBAstudents gender.

For our second hypothesis testing, we take the following sample of 14 Male MBA students and

14 Female MBA students from Kathmandu University School of Management (KUSOM). We

are testing whether being under-weight, normal weight, or over-weight is independent of a MBA

students gender.

Here is the basis for our categorization of weights through calculated BMIs of MBA students.

!"#$%&'( *+, -".%$ / 0%12 3

G*#+?8B+40=2 R9S

5"?/'7 J+40=2 9S 8 :N

IE+?8B+40=2 T:N

Following was our sample after we categorized the respondents BMI.

+"4$ 5$2"4$ 6"47.8$'9:$;%&'2"4 ?$;%


9/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

S

Our null hypothesis that we hope to reject is: being under-weight, normal weight, or over-weight

is dependent on a MBA students gender. We have taken confidence level of 95% ( ! =0.05 ) to

test our hypothesis. In this case, our Degree of Freedom is 2. When we lookup for the

corresponding value in Chi-square distribution table, we get the value of 5.992. In order to reject

our null hypothesis, we need to find a Chi-square value which is greater than 5.992.

Now, we find out the expected frequency for each of the observed frequencies, and subtract them

from the corresponding observed frequencies. This value is squared and then divided over the

corresponding expected frequency to get another value. This value for every observed frequency

is summed up to give us the final Chi-square value of 6.18.

" 2 = 6.18 > 5.992

We reject the null hypothesis.

Hence, we came to the conclusion that being under-weight, normal weight, or over-weight is

independent of a MBA students gender.

7.3 The mean heights of MBA students who had constant weight, weight increase, andweight decrease are significantly similar.

In this hypothesis, we have data of height from respondents who had constant weight, weight

increase and weight decrease.


10/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

9U

G$;%


11/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

99

Now we find degrees of freedom. Degrees of freedom for numerator is 2 (number of samples-1)

and for denominator it is 25 (total sample size number of sample). Suppose we are testing a

hypothesis at the 0.05 significance level, using the f distribution, we look at the table, for 2 and

25 degrees of freedom, which is 3.3852. Since the calculated sample value F is less than the table

value of 3.3852, we fail to reject the null hypothesis and conclude that the mean height of MBA

students who had constant weight, weight increase and weight decrease are significantly similar.

8. Conclusion

The results of this research clearly indicate that overwhelming majority of MBA students in

Nepal are above 55 kg in weight. Furthermore, whether a student is male or female does not

bring about any significant influence on them being underweight, overweight, or normal weight.

Those who lose weight after joining MBA had statistically similar heights compared to those

who gain weight and those whose weight remained constant.


12/16


13/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

9;

Annexure

Survey


14/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

9M

Q"#" H'&2 JK'C$(

What isyour

KUSOMroll

number? Gender

Whatis yourheight

?(appro

x.)

What isyour

weight?(approx.)

(Please behonest!!!)

Do you feelthat there has

been anychange in

your weightsince you

joinedKUSOMMBA?

If you had tochoose one of

the following toeat for dinneron a day you

are veryhungry, which

would youchoose?

Do youexercise

to remainfit?

9:9UQ &'7+N A++29U 4*@= ON

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

;U &'7+N A++2 P4*@= Q;

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D

!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] IE+? J+40=2

:: &'7+N A++2 O4*@= ON

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 \+( 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9;O _+/'7+N A++2 O4*@= OU

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9;; _+/'7+M A++299 4*@= NP

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D Z3?4

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] IE+? J+40=2

9:9;N &'7+N A++299 4*@= PU

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

M _+/'7+M A++299 4*@= N:

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9P _+/'7+ N A++2 MQ

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9:9 &'7+N A++2 S4*@= PN

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='( 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4( 5"?/'7 ['*0+


15/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

9N

#+@?+'(+#D &!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]]

9:9U; &'7+N A++2 N4*@= ON

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9UO _+/'7+N A++2 ;4*@= NU

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:99Q &'7+N A++2 S4*@= OQ

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9:M _+/'7+N A++2 :4*@= NU

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:99; _+/'7+N A++2 M4*@= P9

\+(D &$

B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24 5" IE+?B+40=2

:N _+/'7+N A++2 :4*@= MN

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] G*#+?B+40=2

:Q _+/'7+ N A++2 NU

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""

/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9;9 &'7+ O A++2 PU

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D

1'73 Z'?'2='CZ3?4

\+(C ) B'*22"D !32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:99M &'7+N A++2 P4*@= PM

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] IE+?B+40=2

9:9;M &'7+N A++2 P4*@= PU

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9:; _+/'7+N A++2 94*@= MN

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='( 1'73 Z'?'2=' 5" G*#+?B+40=2


16/16

!"#$ &'(( )*#+, -!&). '/"*0 &!1 (23#+*2( 4* 5+6'7

&!1 8 )

9O

#+@?+'(+#D

:S _+/'7+N A++2 94*@= MM

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2=' \+( G*#+?B+40=2

9:9;: &'7+N A++2 O4*@= PO

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

5"C ) B'*22"D !32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] IE+?B+40=2

9:99: _+/'7+N A++2 O4*@= N:

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D Z3?4

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] G*#+?B+40=2

9:9:O _+/'7+N A++2 P4*@= NN

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D

^?$ -H3K=K=='.["24

) B'*2 2"D

!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9U &'7+N A++2 S4*@= PO

5"D &$ B+40=2='( ?+/'4*+#@"*(2'*2D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:99O &'7+N A++29U 4*@= PM

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

5"C ) B'*22"D !32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] 5"?/'7 ['*0+

9:9UN _+/'7+N A++2 94*@= MN

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(#+@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] G*#+?B+40=2

9:9:U &'7+N A++2 M4*@= PN

\+(D &$B+40=2 ='(4*@?+'(+#D 1'73 Z'?'2='

) B'*2 2"D!32 2=4(&!1 4( 2""/3@= 24/+@"*(3/4*0]]] IE+?B+40=2

Documents

QTMD_Report_Ashish Minal Shrizana Oshin