QP Code 1301 Register No.:………………… First Professional MBBS ... · 6. Deglutition reflex 7. Hyperthermia 8. Peripheral chemo receptors. Draw and label (2x2½ =5) 9. Cystometrogram

QP Code 1301 Register No.:…………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Examinations, September - 2011

PHYSIOLOGY - PAPER 1

Time : 3 hrs Max marks : 50

• Answer all questions • Draw diagrams wherever necessary

Long essay (10) 1. A 55 year old obese man, complained of headache, giddiness, irritability for the last two

months. On examination by a doctor, his BP was found to be 130/100 mm Hg by auscultatory method. Three days later he visited another doctor. According to him, his BP was found to be 170/100 mm Hg after using both palpatory and auscultatory methods.

• What is the correct BP in this patient and why • What is the cause for this difference in the recording • Define mean arterial pressure & pulse pressure giving their values • Describe the possible renal mechanism causing hypertension • Mention physiological basis for management of hypertension

(2+2+2+2+2 = 10) Short essay (2x5=10)

2. Describe the role of chemo-receptors in regulation of respiration 3. Describe the functions and regulations of pancreatic juice secretion

Write Briefly on (5x3=15)

4. Special features of coronary circulation 5. Vital capacity and timed vital capacity as lung function tests 6. Role of lymphocytes in immune functions 7. Intrinsic mechanism of coagulation 8. Renal plasma clearance values for inulin, PAH and glucose giving their significance

Draw and label (2x2 ½=5)

9. Right ventricular pressure curve during a normal cardiac cycle

10. Figure showing counter current multiplier & exchange system in renal tubules

Explain the physiological basis of the following (5x2=10)

11. Anaemia following partial gastrectomy 12. Post prandial alkaline tide 13. Filling and emptying of urinary bladder 14. Caisson disease or decompression sickness 15. Purpura and Hemophilia

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Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Examinations, August 2012

PHYSIOLOGY – Paper I Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 50

• Answer all questions • Draw Diagrams wherever necessary

Long essay (10) 1. A 60year old man presented with acute retro sternal chest pain radiating to the inner

aspect of left arm. The ECG showed ST segment elevation in some of the leads. • What is the most probable diagnosis • What are the other ECG changes that may occur in this condition • Explain the leads used in recording ECG • With the help of a diagram describe the waves, intervals and segments of

normal ECG recording in Lead I (1+1+2+6=10)

Short essays (2x5 =10)

2. Describe the mechanism of water re-absorption from the different parts of the renal

tubules

3. Explain the neural regulation of respiration Answer briefly (5x3=15)

4. Peptic ulcer 5. Rh blood group system 6. Micturition reflex 7. Hypoxia 8. Hypovolemic shock

Draw and label (2x2½ =5)

9. O2 – Hb dissociation curve 10. Pacemaker potential


11. Clotting occurs when blood is kept in a glass tube 12. Steatorrhoea occurs after pancreatectomy. 13. Alveoli do not collapse during expiration 14. Anemia is seen in patients with renal disease 15. Edema in hypoproteinemia

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Code: 1301

Reg. no.: .................... .

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations, March 2012

PHYSIOLOGY- PAPER I

Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 50 • Answer all questions • Draw Diagrams wherever necessary

Long Essay: (10)

1. A 50 year old male come with complaints of difficulty in breathing. Auscultation revealed the

presence of rhonchi in all the lung fields. Patient's pulmonary function tests revealed FVC decreased

FEV1=60% • What is FVC and FEV1. • Give the normal values of FEV1 and FEV1. • Describe the physiological basis for this change of FEV1. • What is the probable clinical condition. • What is the significance of FEV1.

(2+1+2+2+3=10) Short Essay: (2x5=10)

2. Describe the morphology, properties and functions of platelets.

3. Describe the functions and regulation of hydrochloric acid secretion

Write briefly on (5x3=15)

4. Right atrial pressure changes.

5. Synthesis and functions of surfactants.

6. Role of juxta glomerular apparatus in the regulation of ECF volume.

7. Rh factor and it's clinical significance.

8. Phases of deglutition. Draw and label (2x21/2 =5)

9. The effect of temperature and pH on oxygen dissosciation curve.

10. Normal ECG. Explain the physiological basis of the following (5x2=10)

11. Atonic bladder.

12. Megaloblastic anaemia in vitamin B12 deficiency .

13. Acclimatization in high altitude.

14. Mouth to mouth respiration is the best form of artificial respiration.

15. Steatorrhoea in acute pancreatitis .

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………


PHYSIOLOGY – Paper I

Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 50 • Answer all questions

• Draw Diagrams wherever necessary

Long essay (10)

1. A road traffic accident victim was found to be unconscious and breathing in an irregular

rhythm. From your knowledge of physiology

• Name two types of periodic breathing• Explain the neural regulation of respiration

• What is the mechanism of function of medullary chemo receptors. (1+5+4=10)


2. Name the components of the enteric nervous system and outline its functions

3. Describe the intrinsic pathway of coagulation. Mention one test for assessing it

Answer briefly (5x3=15)

4. Law of intestines

5. Sickle cell anemia

6. Non renal functions of kidney

7. Pathophysiology of peptic ulcer

8. Cystometrogram


9. Splay

10. Cardiac muscle action potential


11. Korotkoff’s sounds

12. Alveoli are dry

13. Skin is cold in hypovolemic shock

14. Q wave in an ECG

15.Steatorrhoea in diseases that destroy exocrine pancreas

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Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations, February 2013


Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 50 • Answer all questions • Draw Diagrams wherever necessary

Long essay (10) 1. A 48 year old man suffering from diabetes mellitus had increased frequency of

micturition • What is the physiological basis of the polyuria

• What are the mechanisms operating in the nephron for the concentration of urine • Add a note on free water clearance (3+6+1=10)


2. Explain the ionic basis of pacemaker potential with the aid of a labeled diagram,.

Mention the changes during sympathetic stimulation 3. Explain the mechanism of temperature regulation in a cold environment Answer briefly (5x3=15)

4. Mechanism of HCl secretion by gastric parietal cells 5. Haemophilia 6. Timed vital capacity 7. Factors influencing venous return 8. Plasma cell.


9. Nephron 10. ECG of lead II


11. Physiological jaundice 12. Deglutition apnoea 13.Reticulocytosis 14. Alveoli do not collapse during expiration 15. Bleeding tendency in Vitamin K deficiency

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations, February 2014




Long essay (10)

1. A 40 years old man was admitted to hospital with complaints of difficulty in breathing

and shortness of breath following a head injury. Answer the following :

• With the help of diagrams describe two types of periodic breathing• Explain the physiological basis for the changes in periodic breathing• Describe the role of peripheral chemo receptors in regulation of normal respiration

(3+2+5=10)


2. Discuss the factors affecting cardiac output and add a note on Brainbridge reflex

3. Describe the counter current multiplier in the kidney


4. Hypoxic hypoxia

5. Proteolytic pancreatic enzymes

6. Auto regulation of glomerlular filtration rate

7. First and second heart sounds

8. Gastric emptying time


9. Left Ventricular pressure changes recorded during a normal cardiac cycle10. Effect of pH on the oxygen – hemoglobin dissociation curve


11. Oxygen debt

12. Receptive relaxation

13. Prolonged standing results in fainting attacks

14. Prolonged action potential in cardiac muscle

15. Protective effect of vaccination

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………





Long essay (10)

1. Oxygen delivery to tissues will be greatly reduced in a patient with carbon monoxide

poisoning. Answer the following:

• What is the physiological basis for reduced oxygen delivery to the tissues.

• Describe the functional significance of oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve

• Mention the factors which will shift oxygen dissociation curve to right and left

(2½+5+2½=10)


2. Regulation of pancreatic exocrine secretion

3. Jugular venous pulse


4. Venous return

5. Fetal hemoglobin

6. Periodic breathing

7. Post prandial alkaline tide

8. Micturition reflex


9. Draw and label diagram of lung volumes and capacities

10. Draw ECG recorded in lead II


11. Splay in renal glucose re-absorption curve

12. Dicumarol as an anticoagulant

13. Leucocytosis

14. Dead space

15. Tubulo glomerular feedback

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations - February 2015




Long essay (10)

1. A 45 years old man is having high blood pressure. Answer the following

• What are the probable causes of high blood pressure.

• Mention and explain the determinants of blood pressure• Describe the neural regulation of blood pressure. (2+4+4=10)


2. Stages of deglutition

3. Counter current mechanism in concentration of urine


4. Maturation factors of RBC

5. Small intestinal movements

6. Lung compliance

7. Filtration pressure in glomerulus

8. End – diastolic ventricular volume


9. Respiratory membrane

10. Cardiac cycle


11. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura

12.Increased incidence of Tuberculosis in the apex of the lung13. Mass peristalisis

14. Chloride shift

15. Tubular maximum for glucose.

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Examinations - August 2015




Long essay (10)

1. A 30 years old lady presented with history of cough and breathlessness that got

worse during the winter months every year. She also complained of occasional

whistling sounds arising from the chest during breathing. Answer the following :

• What is the most likely clinical diagnosis of her condition

• What major findings would her pulmonary function tests show

• What kind of medication would she likely benefit from

• Depict the different lung volumes and capacities with the help of a neatly labeled

diagram

• what is the significance of residual volume

Short essays

(1+2+1+4+2=10)

(2x5 =10)

2. Describe the peculiarities of the coronary circulation

3. Describe the mechanism of gastric acid secretion


4. Renal clearance

5. Bombay blood group

6. Deglutition reflex

7. Hyperthermia

8. Peripheral chemo receptors


9. Cystometrogram

10. Respiratory membrane


11. Change of posture from supine to standing causes tachycardia

12. Prolonged stay at high altitude increases the hematocrit

13. Hemoglobin saturation in arterial blood is usually less than 100%

14. Partial gastrectomy results in anemia

15. Raised intracranial pressure causes bradycardia and hypertension

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations - February 2016

PHYSIOLOGY- PAPER I



Long essay (10)

1. A motor cyclist met with a road traffic accident and was admitted in the causality.Clinical examination revealed, cold and clammy extremities, rapid thready pulse, anda blood pressure of 70/50mm of Hg. Answer the following :

• What is the probable clinical condition.

• Define shock and name the different stages of shock.

• Describe the compensatory mechanisms in shock• What is neurogenic shock. (1+2½ +5+1½ = 10)

Short essays (2x5=10)

2. Describe the composition and regulation of pancreatic juice secretion

3. Describe the effect of hypoxia and vitamin B12 deficiency on erythropoiesis


4. Mechanism of gastric hydrochloric acid secretion5. Surfactant6. Fibrinolytic system7. Ventilation perfusion ratio and its importance8. Water re-absorption by renal tubules.


9. Cystometrogram

10. Jugular venous pressure tracing


11. Administration of sodium and glucose together in oral rehydration.

12. Cardiac muscle cannot be tetanized.

13. Change in bladder function in spinal shock.

14. Role of oxygen in treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning.

15. Law of intestine.

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Examinations - August 2016

PHYSIOLOGY- PAPER I



Long essay (10)

1. A 30 years old women visits a clinic with the complaints of difficulty in breathing and

fatigue.She has menorrhagia for the past 3 months.Her Hb level is 6gm%,PCV20%

and MCV is 62 cubic micron. Answer the following:

• Name the clinical condtion.• Describe the blood picture in this condition.• Classify anemia based on etiology.• Describe iron deficiency anemia. (1+2+3+4=10)

Short essays (2x5=10)

2. Long term regulation of blood pressure

3. Chemical regulation of respiration


4. Functions of saliva5. T lymphocyte6. Juxtaglomerular apparatus7. Ventilation perfusion ratio.8. P-R interval


9. Conducting system of heart

10. Oxygen dissociation curve


11. Physiological shunt

12. Postprandial alkaline tide

13. Rh incompatibility

14. Urine output is decreased in summer season

15. Gastrectomy produces pernicious anemia

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations

February 2017




Long essay (10)

1. A middle aged man complains of epigastric pain. The pain occurs when he is in empty stomach and it subsides after taking food or antacids. He is having occasional vomiting. Answer the following :

• What is your provisional diagnosis. List the causes and its treatment. • Describe the regulation of gastric secretion in detail. (5+5=10)


2. Special features of coronary circulation.

3. Carbon dioxide transport in blood and haldane effect


4. Role of baroreceptors in blood pressure regulation

5. Cell mediated immunity

6. Maturation factors in erythropoiesis

7. Clot retraction

8. Mechanisms of glucose re-absorption in the kidney


9. Pressure changes during a normal respiratory cycle. 10. Normal electrocardiogram including the duration of segments and intervals.


11. Sigmoid shape of oxygen hemoglobin disassociation curve

12. Albumin is absent in the urine of normal individuals

13. In an Rh negative mother carrying an Rh positive foetus, the first child is usually

normal.

14. Increase heart rate during exercise

15. Pulmonary edema during rapid ascent.

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Examinations July 2017




Long essay (10)

1. A 60 years old man complaints of chest pain on exertion, radiating to his left arm and

severe shortness of breath. Answer the following :

• What is the most probable condition he is suffering from.

• Mention the most common investigation done in such a patient and describe with the help of a normal diagram the changes that are expected in this

patient• What are the functional features of coronary circulation. (1+5+4=10)


2. Describe the neural control of respiration and add a note on Cheyne stokes breathing

3. Explain the mechanisms of water re-absorption in renal tubule


4. Peristaltic movements

5. Primary active transport

6. Starling’s forces in capillary fluid exchange

7. Control of gastric secretion

8. Role of lymphocytes in immunity


9. Spirometric recording of lung volumes

10. Cystometrogram in a normal human


11. Entero-hepatic circulation

12. Resting bradycardia in athletes

13. Lung alveoli are dry normally

14. Decompression sickness

15. Megaloblasts in vitamin B12 deficiency anemia

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Q.P. Code: 103001 Reg. no.: …………………

First Professional MBBS Degree Supplementary Examinations January 2018


Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 50 Answer all questions Draw Diagrams wherever necessary

Long essay (10)

1. A 12 years old boy had a swelling in the knee joint after a small injury. His clotting time was 12 min. Answer the following: What may be the probable diagnosis and what is its cause Explain the clotting mechanism in detail Mention and interpret the tests for assessing bleeding and clotting time (2+5+3)


2. Explain the factors regulating cardiac output 3. Explain the mechanism maintaining osmotic gradient in renal medullary interstitium.


4. Surfactant 5. T lymphocyte 6. Small intestinal hormones 7. Dead space 8. Pancreatic juice composition


9. Conducting system of heart 10. JG apparatus


11. Respiratory rhythm 12. Pernicious anemia 13. Renin secretion 14. Fourth heart sound 15. Cephalic phase of gastric juice secretion.

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Documents

QP Code 1301 Register No.:………………… First Professional MBBS ... · 6. Deglutition reflex 7. Hyperthermia 8. Peripheral chemo receptors. Draw and label (2x2½ =5) 9. Cystometrogram