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Synthesis Decomposition Neutralization Single displacement Double displacement Combustion
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QOTD
Explain the relationship between the law of conservation and chemical reactions.
Synthesis Decomposition Neutralization Single displacement Double displacement Combustion
A chemical change: any change in which a new substance is formed.
Evidence of a Chemical Change: Release of energy as heat Release of energy as light Change in color Formation of a gas Change in odor…
1. Neutralization: Acid(H) + Base(OH) salt + H(OH)
2. Combustion: AB + oxygen CO2 + H2O
3. Synthesis: A + B AB
4. Decomposition: AB A + B
5. Single displacement: A + BC AC + B
6. Double displacement: AB + CD AD + CB
Synthesis Reactions
Synthesis reactions are also known as FORMATION reactions.
Two or more reactants (usually elements) join to form a compound.
A + B AB where A and B represent elements
Synthesis
Decomposition Reactions
Decomposition reactions are the opposite of synthesis reactions.
A compounds breaks down into two or more products (often elements).
AB A + B
Decomposition Reactions
Types: Decomposition
Example: NaCl
General: AB A + B
Cl Na Cl + Na
Single Replacement Reactions
Single replacement reactions replace one element from a compound with another element.
A compound and an element react, and the element switches places with part of the original compound.
A + BC B + AC where A is a metal, or A + BC C + BA where A is a non-metal
Single replacement
Double Replacement Reactions
Double replacement reactions swap elements between 2 compounds that react together to form two new compounds.
Two compounds react, with elements switching places between the original compounds.
AB + CD AD + CB
Double Replacement Reactions
Neutralization Neutralization reactions occur when an acid
(most compounds starting with H) and a base (most compounds ending in OH) react to form a salt and water.
Neutralization reactions are a type of double replacement.
Acid + base salt + water
Combustion
Combustion reactions occur when a compound or element react with oxygen to release energy and produce an oxide.
Also sometimes referred to as hydrocarbon combustion.
CXHY + O2 CO2 + H2O where X and Y represent integers
Combustion
Natural gas (methane) is burned in furnaces to heat homes.
CH4 + O2 CO2 + 2H2O + energy
2. An acetylene torch is used to weld metals together.
2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O + energy
3. Carbohydrates like glucose combine with oxygen in our body to release energy.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy