QL5A Preventive Medicine EO 012.01 Inspect Human Waste Disposal Systems Ships and Aircraft TP 7-8

QL5A Preventive Medicine EO 012.01

Inspect Human Waste Disposal Systems

Ships and Aircraft TP 7-8

Inspect Human Waste Disposal Systems EO 012.01

References:

A. Guide to Ship Sanitation, World Health Organization, Oct 2004 ttp://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/ships/shipsanitation/en B. International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto (MARPOL) http://www.imo.org/Conventions/contents.asp?doc_id=678&topic_id=258#2004sewageC. Transport Canada, Regulations to control discharges from cruise vessels operating in Canadian waters, http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/mediaroom/backgrounders-b02-m018-2230.htmD. Canadian Food Inspection Agency, International Waste Policy, AHPD-DSAE-IE-2002-17-3, http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/anima/heasan/pol/ie-2002-17e.shtmlE. Guide to Hygiene and Sanitation in Aviation Third Edition, Geneva, © World Health Organization 2009, ISBN 978 92 4 154777 2http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/hygiene/ships/guide_hygiene_sanitation_aviation_3_edition.pdf

http://www.imo.org/Conventions/contents.asp?doc_id=678&topic_id=258#2004sewage

http://www.imo.org/Conventions/contents.asp?doc_id=678&topic_id=258#2004sewage

http://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/mediaroom/backgrounders-b02-m018-2230.htm

http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/anima/heasan/pol/ie-2002-17e.shtml


Ships Waste Disposal System

TP7

Ships Waste Disposal System EO 012.01

Waste Management and Disposal,

Unsafe management and disposal of ship wastes can readily lead to

adverse health consequences. Humans can become exposed directly,

both on ship and at port, due to contact with waste that is not being

managed in a safe manner.


Risk Factors and Control Measures for Ship Waste

Liquid wastesOverboard discharge of wasteWastes requiring treatmentGalley wastesExcess sludgeFood wastesWater supply for food-refuse grindersDry refuseHealth care wastes


Liquid Wastes,Drain, soil and waste pipes should be of adequate size, and be

maintained frequently to prevent clogging and the backflow of

sewage and bath water or contaminated wastes into the fixtures

and spaces served by the collection system.


Overboard Discharge of Waste,

Barges and/or trucks for the reception of liquid wastes, or shore connections at ports to receive these wastes into a sewer system, should be provided at ports. Where the ports servicing area or barge does not provide hose or connections to

receive liquid wastes, the ship should provide a special hose and connections large enough to allow rapid discharge of the wastes.


Overboard Discharge of Waste,

The discharge of sewage into the sea will be prohibited, except when the ship has in operation an approved sewage treatment plant or is discharging comminuted and disinfected sewage using an approved system at a distance of more than three nautical miles from the nearest land; or is discharging sewage which is not comminuted or disinfected at a distance of more than 12 nautical miles from the nearest land.


Sewage,The International Maritime Organization (IMO) requirements are based on how, on the high seas, the oceans are capable of assimilating and dealing with raw sewage through natural bacterial action and dispersion.

http://www.imo.org/HOME.html


Wastes requiring treatment,All ships should be equipped with facilities for managing wastes from toilets and urinals, faecal material from hospital facilities and medical care areas, and wastes from food-refuse grinders.



Galley Wastes,All galley wastes that may contain grease should flow through grease traps to a retaining box prior to discharge overboard.


Excess sludge,Excess sludge should be stored for appropriate disposal to land based facilities or when on the high seas.


Food wastes,

All ships should be equipped with facilities

for safe storage of food refuse. All food

refuse should be received and

stored in watertight, non-absorbent

and easily cleaned containers, fitted with

tight covers which should be closed

during food preparation,

food serving and cleansing

operations in food-handling spaces.


Water supply for food-refuse grinders,

Approved back-flow preventers (vacuum breakers)

or acceptable air-gaps should be installed

in the water supply lines to the grinders.


Dry refuse,Dry refuse should be stored in tightly

covered bins, or in closed compartments,

protected against the weather and the

entry of rodents and vermin. The containers

should be thoroughly cleaned after

emptying to discourage

harbourage of rodents

and vermin.


Health care wastes,All ships should be equipped with facilities for treating and/or safely storing medical care wastes.


Aircraft Waste Disposal Systems TP8

Aircraft Waste Disposal Systems EO 012.01

Waste water,

Appropriate personal hygiene for employees handling water at the transfer point cannot be overemphasized, and responsibilities for potable water transfer should be considered exclusive and separate from wastewater handling to avoid cross-contamination.


Waste water,

Under no circumstances should employees be tasked simultaneously with both wastewater handling and potable water transfer.


Sewage,


Many larger airports have implemented an "orange bag" program to help reduce confusion between domestic and international waste.


International waste,International waste is normally prohibited from entry into Canada because of the risk of introducing foreign animal diseases such as foot-and-mouth disease, African swine fever, hog cholera (classical swine fever), swine vesicular disease, Newcastle disease, Avian Influenza, African horse sickness and many other diseases.


Under the orange bag program, all domestic or international waste placed in orange disposal bags is deemed international waste and is handled accordingly. The movement and monitoring of the orange bags is conducted under the

direct supervision of a CBSA inspector.


Guidelines for orange bag program:

1. All orange bags must be double tied before being removed from designated areas.

2. Once tied, the bags must only be opened in the presence of a CBSA inspector.

3. Orange bag contents must not be handled or removed.

4. All orange bags must be placed in international waste bins on the tarmac.

5. Orange bags are to be moved directly to the tarmac bins, without entering any domestic areas.

6. If a hole or leak occurs in an orange bag, it must be double-bagged and the spill cleaned and disinfected to the satisfaction of a CBSA inspector.

7. Only orange bags are to be used in the international restricted arrival areas.


Guidelines for tarmac / area bins

1. Containers must be leak proof to the satisfaction of a CBSA inspector (please refer to CBSA responsibilities area for definition of leak

proof containers).

2. Containers must be stored so that any leakage would not contaminate the surrounding soil and water supply.

3. All orange bags must be double tied when placed in the bins.

4. All bins must be in areas free of animals (rodents) and birds.

5. Lids on bins must be closed at all times.

6. Bins must be kept in good repair.


Transfer Area,

In larger airports/seaports, there may be a garbage transfer area in which international waste collected from the tarmac is taken to a central location to be picked up by an approved international waste carrier for transport to the pre-approved disposal site.

Questions?

Documents

QL5A Preventive Medicine EO 012.01 Inspect Human Waste Disposal Systems Ships and Aircraft TP 7-8