Q U A R K U S & G R A A L V MQ U A R K U S & G R A A L V Mbooting Hibernate at supersonic speed,

subatomic size

 

@SanneGrinovero

S A N N E G R I N O V E R OS A N N E G R I N O V E R ODutch, Italian, now in London.

S A N N E G R I N O V E R OS A N N E G R I N O V E R ODutch, Italian, now in London.

Red Hat : Middleware R&D•Hibernate team lead▪Quarkus, engineering team▪

S A N N E G R I N O V E R OS A N N E G R I N O V E R ODutch, Italian, now in London.

Red Hat : Middleware R&D•Hibernate team lead▪Quarkus, engineering team▪

Also contributing to:•GraalVM, OpenJDK, WildFly, Apache Lucene,Infinispan, Elasticsearch, JGroups, Byteman,Maven, Gradle, PostgreSQL, JakartaEE,Thorntail, ANTLR, Asciidoctor, ...

▪

A G E N D AA G E N D AGraalVM & native images•Quarkus•Joy of live coding•How ?!?•

N A T I V E I M A G E ?N A T I V E I M A G E ?

L E T ' S S E E O N E I NL E T ' S S E E O N E I NA C T I O N . . .A C T I O N . . .

$ export GRAALVM_HOME= //path to your GraalVM download, unpacked $ export JAVA_HOME=$GRAALVM_HOME $ mvn package $ native-image -jar main.jar $ ./main

I N T E R E S T I N G . . .I N T E R E S T I N G . . .How about more complex apps?

used by Quarkus

A o T c o m p i l a t i o n w i t h G r a a l V MA o T c o m p i l a t i o n w i t h G r a a l V M

Applicationclasses

JDK APIclasses

SubstrateVMclasses

Staticaly linkedexecutable

A o T c o m p i l a t i o n w i t h G r a a l V MA o T c o m p i l a t i o n w i t h G r a a l V MStatic analysis•Closed world assumption•Dead code elimination:     classes, fields, methods, branches

•

L I M I T A T I O N SL I M I T A T I O N SO F G R A A L V M N A T I V EO F G R A A L V M N A T I V E

I M A G E SI M A G E S

D Y N A M I N CD Y N A M I N CC L A S S L O A D I N GC L A S S L O A D I N G

D Y N A M I N CD Y N A M I N CC L A S S L O A D I N GC L A S S L O A D I N G

Deloying jars, wars, etc. at runtime impossible

J V M T I , J M XJ V M T I , J M X+ other native VM interfaces

J V M T I , J M XJ V M T I , J M X+ other native VM interfaces

No agents

J V M T I , J M XJ V M T I , J M X+ other native VM interfaces

No agents

JRebel, Byteman, profilers, tracers, ...

J V M T I , J M XJ V M T I , J M X+ other native VM interfaces

No agents

JRebel, Byteman, profilers, tracers, ...

No Java Debugger

M I S C E L L A N E O U SM I S C E L L A N E O U S

No: Security Manager

No: finalize() (deprecated anyway)

Limited: InvokeDynamic and MethodHandles

R E F L E C T I O NR E F L E C T I O N

Requires registration via native-image CLI/API

! limited

M O R E . . .M O R E . . .

Need to register in advance also:

! limited

Dynamic proxies•Resources being loaded•JNI, Unsafe Memory Access, ...•

S T A T I C I N I TS T A T I C I N I TAttempts to run them at build time

Very special

S T A T I C I N I TS T A T I C I N I TAttempts to run them at build time

Very special

Resolve classes, run "safe" static initializers•

S T A T I C I N I TS T A T I C I N I TAttempts to run them at build time

Very special

Resolve classes, run "safe" static initializers•Take a snapshot of the produced instances -prune the unreachable ones

•

S T A T I C I N I TS T A T I C I N I TAttempts to run them at build time

Very special

Resolve classes, run "safe" static initializers•Take a snapshot of the produced instances -prune the unreachable ones

•

Include them in the executable•

S T A T I C I N I TS T A T I C I N I TVery special

not allowed: file handles, sockets, threads•careful with other state: timestamps, systemdependent constants, capturing environmentvariables, etc..

•

H O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AH O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AF E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?F E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?

H O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AH O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AF E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?F E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?

boolean jmxEnabled = parseConfiguration(...); if (jmxEnabled) { registerJMX(); }

H O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AH O W D O Y O U D I S A B L E AF E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?F E A T U R E A N Y W A Y ?

boolean jmxEnabled = parseConfiguration(...); if (jmxEnabled) { registerJMX(); }

static final JMX_ENABLED = false; if (JMX_ENABLED) { registerJMX(); }

O K L E T ' S A D A P T M YO K L E T ' S A D A P T M YC O D E . . .C O D E . . .

O K L E T ' S A D A P T M YO K L E T ' S A D A P T M YC O D E . . .C O D E . . .

All your dependencies need to get compiled too!

O K L E T ' S A D A P T M YO K L E T ' S A D A P T M YC O D E . . .C O D E . . .

All your dependencies need to get compiled too!

ALL DEPENDENCIES

I M P A C T O N H I B E R N A T EI M P A C T O N H I B E R N A T EO R M ?O R M ?

I M P A C T O N H I B E R N A T EI M P A C T O N H I B E R N A T EO R M ?O R M ?

Mindmap #3

W H A T I S Q U A R K U SW H A T I S Q U A R K U S

T O O L K I TT O O L K I Tand

F R A M E W O R KF R A M E W O R Kfor writing Java applications

T O O L K I TT O O L K I Tand

F R A M E W O R KF R A M E W O R Kfor writing Java1 applications

1) and Kotlin

L I G H T , C L O U D F R I E N D L Y ,L I G H T , C L O U D F R I E N D L Y ,D E S I G N E D F O R G R A A L V MD E S I G N E D F O R G R A A L V M

Helps overcome limitations of GraalVM

Embraces them!

*.class

QUARKUS

optimized jar

nativeexecutable

JVM

Maven/Gradle plugin

E X T E N S I O N SE X T E N S I O N SEach Java library gets a Quarkus extension

Makes it compatible with GraalVM native-images

And makes it much lighter to run on JVM

L I B R A R I E S Y O U A L R E A D Y K N O WL I B R A R I E S Y O U A L R E A D Y K N O W

ECLIPSE VERT.X HIBERNATE RESTEASY APACHE CAMEL NETTY

KUBERNETES JAEGER PROMETHEUS APACHE KAFKA INFINISPAN

Unifies

I M P E R A T I V EI M P E R A T I V E and R E A C T I V E    R E A C T I V E    @Inject SayService say; @GET @Produces(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN) public String hello() { return say.hello(); }

@Inject @Stream("kafka") Publisher<String> reactiveSay @GET @Produces(MediaType.SERVER_SENpublic Publisher<String> stre return reactiveSay; }

C O N T A I N E R F I R S TC O N T A I N E R F I R S T

C O N T A I N E R F I R S TC O N T A I N E R F I R S T

Small size on disk Small container images💾 ✓

C O N T A I N E R F I R S TC O N T A I N E R F I R S T

Small size on disk Small container images

Fast boot time Instant scale up

💾 ✓

🚀 ✓

C O N T A I N E R F I R S TC O N T A I N E R F I R S T

Small size on disk Small container images

Fast boot time Instant scale up

Low RSS1 memory 1) Resident Set Size

More containers withthe same RAM

💾 ✓

🚀 ✓

🔬 ✓

M E A S U R I N G M E M O R YM E A S U R I N G M E M O R Y

= all RAM consumed by the processRSS$ ps -o pid,rss,command -p $(pgrep quarkus) PID RSS COMMAND 11229 12628 ./target/quarkus-hello

M E M O R Y ( R S S )M E M O R Y ( R S S )

Quarkus + GraalVM Quarkus + OpenJDK Best of traditio

M E M O R Y ( R S S )M E M O R Y ( R S S )

Quarkus + GraalVM Quarkus + OpenJDK Best of traditio

RESTREST 13 MB13 MB 74 MB74 MB 140 M140 M

M E M O R Y ( R S S )M E M O R Y ( R S S )

Quarkus + GraalVM Quarkus + OpenJDK Best of traditio

RESTREST 13 MB13 MB 74 MB74 MB 140 M140 M

REST+JPAREST+JPA 35 MB35 MB 130 MB130 MB 218 M218 M

S T A R T U P T I M ES T A R T U P T I M EOften frameworks use lazy initialization

"started" before all classes are initialized

S T A R T U P T I M ES T A R T U P T I M EOften frameworks use lazy initialization

"started" before all classes are initialized

T I M E T O F I R S T R E Q U E S TT I M E T O F I R S T R E Q U E S T

  T I M E   T O   F I R S T   R E Q U E S T  T I M E   T O   F I R S T   R E Q U E S T

s + GraalVM 0.014 secQuarkus + OpenJDK 0.75 sec

Traditional Cloud-Native Stack 4.3 sec

  T I M E   T O   F I R S T   R E Q U E S T  T I M E   T O   F I R S T   R E Q U E S T

s + GraalVM 0.014 secQuarkus + OpenJDK 0.75 sec

Traditional Cloud-Native Stack 4.3 sec

JPAs + GraalVM 0.055 sec

Quarkus + OpenJDK 2.5 secTraditional Cloud-Native Stac

D E V E L O P E R ' S J O Y ?D E V E L O P E R ' S J O Y ?

Show me! Demo #2

H O W I T W O R K SH O W I T W O R K S

*.class

QUARKUS

optimized jar

nativeexecutable

JVM

Maven/Gradle plugin

T R A D I T I O N A L A P PT R A D I T I O N A L A P PS E R V E RS E R V E R

XML parsers, annotation lookups, managementmodel, ...

Thousands of classes run only during the boot•Later unused•Still occupy memory•

Quarkus:

B U I L D T I M E B O O TB U I L D T I M E B O O TAs much work as possible done at build time

Output: recorded wiring bytecode

Application model validation•Configuration parsing•Annotation lookup and evaluation•...•

W i r i n g c o d e i n v o c a t i o nW i r i n g c o d e i n v o c a t i o nFlexible

static initializerOR

main()preferred access to files,

sockets, etc.

C o r e + E x t e n s i o n sC o r e + E x t e n s i o n s

Q U A R K U S E X T E N S I O N SQ U A R K U S E X T E N S I O N SRequired for frameworks that hit GraalVMlimitations

•

Opportunity to highly optimise also for JVM•Code strictly separates build time analysis andruntime: extemely lean output!

•

W H A T C A N A NW H A T C A N A NE X T E N S I O N D O ?E X T E N S I O N D O ?

Invoke Quarkus helpers to dynamically

Interact with the GraalVM compiler needs•Generate "Bootstrap at build" initializers•Much much more... and evolving•

Q U A R K U S W R A P U PQ U A R K U S W R A P U P 

Makes Java the #1 choice for the cloud andserverless

Good old Java✓

More fun, less weight✓

Can go small as Go, works great on JVM too✓

V E R S I O N 0 . X . Y ?V E R S I O N 0 . X . Y ?Early days!

V E R S I O N 0 . X . Y ?V E R S I O N 0 . X . Y ?Early days!

Yet based on proven libraries

T H A N K Y O U !T H A N K Y O U !Q & AQ & A

Docs & guides: ✓ quarkus.ioChat: ✓ quarkusio.zulipchat.comQuickstarts: ✓ github.com/quarkusio/quarkus-quickStack Overflow tag: ✓ quarkusTwitter: ✓ @quarkusio

Q U A R K U S C H E A T S H E E T SQ U A R K U S C H E A T S H E E T Shttps://quarkus.io/get-started/

$ mvn io.quarkus:quarkus-maven-plugin:0.13.3:create \ -DprojectGroupId=org.acme \ -DprojectArtifactId=quarkus-hello \ -DclassName="org.acme.quickstart.GreetingResource" \ -Dpath="/hello" $ mvn package $ java -jar target/*-runner.jar INFO [io.quarkus] (main) Quarkus 0.11.0 started in 0.729s. INFO [io.quarkus] (main) Installed features: [cdi, resteasy]

N A T I V EN A T I V Ehttps://quarkus.io/guides/building-native-image-guide

$ mvn package -Pnative $ ls -lh target/*-runner -rwxrwxr-x. 1 sanne sanne 17M Mar 20 14:39 target/quarkus-hello $ ./target/*-runner INFO [io.quarkus] (main) Quarkus 0.13.3 started in 0.003s. INFO [io.quarkus] (main) Installed features: [cdi, resteasy]

D E V M O D ED E V M O D Ehttps://quarkus.io/guides/getting-started-guide

$ mvn compile quarkus:dev

T E S T I N GT E S T I N G

@QuarkusTest runner

JUnit 4 or 5

https://quarkus.io/guides/getting-started-guide#testing

$ mvn clean test

T E S T I N G N A T I V ET E S T I N G N A T I V E

@SubstrateTest runner

https://quarkus.io/guides/building-native-image-guide.html#testing-the-native-executable

$ mvn clean verify -Pnative

A D D A N E X T E N S I O NA D D A N E X T E N S I O Nhttps://quarkus.io/guides/maven-tooling.html

$ mvn quarkus:add-extension -Dextensions=hibernate-orm-panache

P A N A C H EP A N A C H E

Makes simple Hibernate ORM easy

https://quarkus.io/guides/hibernate-orm-panache-guide

@Entity public class Person extends PanacheEntity { public String name; public LocalDate birth; public PersonStatus status; }

P A N A C H E P E R S I S TP A N A C H E P E R S I S Thttps://quarkus.io/guides/hibernate-orm-panache-guide

// Create a person Person person = new Person(); person.name = "Stef"; // Persist and delete person.persist(); person.delete();

O T H E R E X T E N S I O N SO T H E R E X T E N S I O N SDiscover them

https://quarkus.io/guides/maven-tooling.html

$ mvn quarkus:list-extensions ... Available extensions: ... * Hibernate ORM (io.quarkus:quarkus-hibernate-orm) * Hibernate ORM with Panache (io.quarkus:quarkus-hibernate-orm-panache) * Hibernate Validator (io.quarkus:quarkus-hibernate-validator) ...

O T H E R E X T E N S I O N SO T H E R E X T E N S I O N SContribute them!https://github.com/quarkusio

ASL2✓

Open community✓