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12 _q .qtWELSH NIIGRANTS IN AUSTRALIA: LANGUAGE

MAINTENANCE AND CIJLTI]RAL TRANSI\4ISSION

BY

ARTHIIR FESTIN IIUGIIES, B.A. HONS. (Liverpool),B.Ed., Dip.Ed., (Adelaide)

A Thesis submÍtted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy inthe Department of Education

at the University of Adelaide, February, 1994

VOLTJME II

tz-' 't'Q\

575

APPENDICES

APPENDIX I

APPENDIX II

APPENDIX III

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLTJME II

Convict Report of Evan Jones, Transportedto Tasmania25th May, 1841

Plan of the Township of Llwchwr, Burra,South Australia

Welsh Language Headstone in the BurraCemetery, South Australia

Lines of Salutation to Mr Leyshon Jones,Manager of the Wallaroo Copper SmeltingWorks

Page No

APPENDIX IV

APPENDIX V The Welsh Baptist Church, Maldon,Victoria

APPENDIX VI Front Cover Page of Yr Ymwelydd

APPENDIX VII Programme of the 'National' WelshEisteddfod, Ballarat, 1869

APPENDIX VUI Front Cover of 'Report of the MeetingsHeld in Ballarat 1885-6'

APPENDIX IX Poster Advertising the Ballarat Eisteddfodof March 4, 1887.

APPENDIX X Memorandum of Agreement for the Unionof the Welsh and English CongregationalChurches, Lambton, Newcastle, NSW

APPENDIX XI Record of Meeting of November 1914 ofthe Newcastle and Hunter Valley DistrictCambrian Society

Extract from the Constitution of theCambrian Society of Victoria

578

579(a)

s7e(b)

580

581

582

583

585

588

584

586

APPENDIX XII 590

576

APPENDIX XIII

APPENDIX XIV

APPENDIX XV

APPENDIX XVI

APPENDIX XVII

APPENDIX XVM

APPENDIX XIX

APPENDIX XX

APPENDIX XXI

APPENDIX XXII

APPENDIX XXIII

APPENDIX XXIV

Synopsis of the Constitution and Rules ofthe Welsh Society of Sydney

Appeal for the Welsh to Join by theCymmroddorion (Welsh) Society of Sydney(1e3e)

Extract from the Constin¡tion of theCambrian Society of South Australia

Extract from the Constitution of the StDavid's Welsh Society of Mackay

Front Covers of the Programmes of the StDavid's Welsh Society of Brisbane,Queensland 1938-9 and 1977 -8

Information Sheet Circulated by theAustralian Association of Welsh Societies(n.d.)

Front Cover of Llythyr Newyddion, TheNewsletter of the Australian Association ofWelsh Societies, June 1935

Front Cover of 'The Welsh Australian',August 28th, 1939

Souvenir Programme of the Welsh FreeChurch of \ilestern Australia

Y Wawr (The Dawn). Newsletter of theV/elsh Church, La Trobe Street,Melbourne, 1979.

Front Cover of the St David's DayProgramme of the Cambrian Society ofVictoria, March lst, 1961

Welsh Language Policy in the Schools ofthe County of Clwyd, Wales, c.1988.

Welsh Language Policy in the Schools ofthe County of South Glamorgan, Wales,1980.

591

592

593

595

596

597

598

599

600

601

602

603

604APPENDIX XXV

577

APPENDIX XXVI List of Radio/Television Appeals forParticipants in the Research Project (and/orinterviews publicising Welsh culturalactivities in Australia) made by the authorbetween 1983 and 1988

APPENDIX XXVII (a) Covering letter (English)accompanying Main Questionnaire.(b) Covering letter (Welsh)accompanying Main Questionnaire.

APPENDIX XXVil Main Questionnaire

APPENDIX XXIX Supplementary Questionnaire

APPENDIX XXX Questionnaire Survey of Welsh Societies inAustralia

APPENDIX XXXI Oral Memoir Guide Questions

APPENDIX XXXII (a) Letter (English) requesting a writtenmemoir(b) Letter (Welsh) requesting a writtenmemoir

APPENDIX XXXII Written Memoir Guidelines

APPENDIX XXXN Sources of Data ('Q' Group and 'NQ'Group) Showing Combined Contributions

BIBLIOGRAPHY

605

606

608

609

637

648

6s3

662

663

664

670

67r

NAME: ,kr.lrn. ñ.. .tt(il:f CouRSE: /tJ,I give consent to this copy of my thesis, when deposited ifr the university Library' being available

foi photocopying and loan.

DATESIGNATURE:

it78

APPENDD( Icol{vICT RECORD OF EVANJONES TRANSPORTED

TO TASMANIA' 25th MAY 1847

"(lan lwitc and read Welsh, also a Iittlc i¡1 --tìnglish"

i.

¿&

8i;7.=..)J. )-,

àt&</

/)', t ¿

III

II

II

;

I

I

II

\I¡I.ì

:jI:I

l-i1

I.{ì.J

.l-.

.-L

2 ?.-

-il.r^- 2 ,/,

::a

æl:eitL-q

zt

ïÞc g!¡¡u::¡$.-:-

ì

A-í.

c

c

r:l(trr¿larrttg

t^3.-6. t-a

Í,,-_2

*'i-rr--

Sourcc: Nt,W F¿rcs. iÌ74 Natio¡al t,ibrarv ot'Walcs, Abcrl'stwl'th

579(a)

c)è3Þ.1

oã

ø

oG

FEat,

ãoèGÈÈ

øIGo

f.,Þ

Èo

o

APPENDD( tr

PI-AN OF THE TOWNSHIP OF LLWCÉIWR,BURRA, SOUTHAUSTRALIA

L aneL a

e r au o n

Morriston

ø øt {

treet

ree

Street

t

5

Ø

oo

La ü) ffi Ianof

ô

L LWC HWRHundred of Kooringa

County of Burra

Source: South Australian Department of Lands.Part of Section 2067

57e(b)

APPENDIXIII

WEI-SH I.ANGUAGE HEADSTONE IN THE BURRA CEMETERYSOUTH AUS

Note: Thc first part of the ir-rscription rczrcls: 'Er CofT'adwriaeth am Fldwarcl Prosscr yr hrvn a

f'u farw Mecli y 4 yn y flwyclclyrr 1857 yrr 60 oecl' (In mcmory of tìdwarcl Prosser who cliec{

Scptcmber 4, in thc ycar 1857, agcd 60)

Private photo¡gaph

APPENDTX TV

Lines of salutation to Mr LeyshonJones,Manager of the Wallaroo Cop¡rer SmeltingWorlcs,

by the ReverendJoho Lloyd (a. 1904)' Minister of theTabernaacl Welsh Church, Wallaroo.

Source: Public Record Office of South Australia,.A'1295', Bll

Note: A translation is not offered as the sixteen verses amount to little morethan a eulogy of the character of the subject

ó80

llimllnn u Ítnnrrcþiuù i

\Æ F-,. L- .T O }ir.Ð S,MA¡(Àr+BR I OWÀlT¡t t)OPPlln YN, \t'ÀLLABOO

O¡¡tt¡ ¡¡rv fn usr r urt¡rtroDD t'l ¡rDrl o^¡JDroEç¡D¡ t¡rl.

À'r olrg rmo 'n brch¡r ¡Ao ù .i rJù.b, gnlrir r0l ;Oødà h¡a i'n rLiob'n hrpp¡r

I

od¡

óO l¡r ci il¡å . r/¡ llrrcr d¡rdil'Daì¡tär ¡ær¡nur ¡B¡ lF t! erth fE nxldrl Pryn¡tI F ¡¡io tDb\.

0Ei trglllal E !D. Ji.biol 16,F¡ '¡ ¡tth I '3 ¡dÞdd l¡ifqF¡ bdyrt toU, l¡ ndc a¡d'ño ilvyn ¡ ùyn i doiolo.

IÉr L¡il ædil lr mil¡lirl Þi¡ùF.'t ædodd al ¡ lrry rA'a brich rryrrùlod-il¡r Y frr,Pr rl¡ni i'a llcfsr

IAô r¡¡f i !¡ t¡ EL ùt,Y¡ ¡olld¡il.on ¡l¡odO¡À ¡{E r¡d¡ o frr¡ tll¡'Yr .lttt tt rn tt.¡hLCì'

IMu Jorro fcl Joù ¡r d¡drlhu ¡¡n*Yn hoß ¡rroui drioai ¡Ei lrr r r*¡r of i 'r groA'l ñyrl r¡rlrl brn lrcllní.

l0

l¡¡'rio¡.

l¿

r hr¡,

t'-q,.1'

,r prl

l6tol, -

¡6

¡ rt. L. JoE, lì\rrrt, tr Lñ. It F lrrr o !¡n¡klru, yn n¡r- ln r Du o"PÈÍã5'

JoEll ttoYD.

W¡rl¡rm.

IOr ilircùrl, ¡æhn ild¡r ¡rrllrw,

581

APPENDD( V

THE WELSH BAPTIST CHURCH MALDON, VICTORIA- EST' 1865

sourcc: G. Rlackrnan &J. I-arkit-r, Australia's First Notable Town' Maldon

(Svdnev: Ilodder ancl Stou¡1hton, 1978) , p45'

582

APPENDTX VI

FRONT COVER PAGE OF YR YIVÍIVELYDD (THE VISITOR)'A WEI.SH I-ANIGUAGE JOURNAL PUBLISHED INvrcroRlA, OCTOBER 187 4 - DECEI\'ÍBER 1876

iffi\ Y¡ffifffffißYÐÐ 3

{rf}I{}ßDDlDtã YN IúTOEIÁ' ÄUSI*¡tlIÅ,

ttll;LBoüABC: r,

rnoß^tr¡.w.!Þ À oIryuoÐDwYD G¡\N G. ór DITY8JONINS.

187çrJ.

I crERol rl

$Tt¡gdûinfuq @g"rury,

Source: State Libr¿ry of Victoria, Melbourne

5fì3

APPENDD( VTI

PROGRAMMEoFTHE'NATIONAL'WEISHEISTEDDFOD'BALIARAT, 1869

S.,rrr-r t': [,il¡r¿t¡'of tltt: []rrivt'r'sitl'(ìollt'gt' <¡['\olllt rrA/¿tlt's. l]zttttl'<¡t

(R¿trc lJooks l)t'pat'ttlrt:ul )

584

APPENDTX VIII

FRONT COVER OF ''REPORT OF THE MEETINGS HELDIN BAIJARAT 1885 - 1886''

(rN PREPARATTON FOR THE 1887 BALIÁRAT (WEr^SH)EISTEDDFOD)

tsAT,TARÁ,"T EISTEDDF'()Ð,

REPORT OF TBE }IEETINOS EETD IN BÄI,I,ARÀT IN 18SÍ'6,

INTBODUCTORY ÀND EISTOBICÀL NOTEß ;

THI PRO0RAMIIE 0F TEE EISTEDDF0Ð T0 BE BXÍ,D IN 188?'

¡OdD¡tr'B -WIlrE

WT¡tr

AñD

J. B. EUMFtr'RAY.

EDITED BY

THEOS. WIIJLIAMS

$.,

.,i[

:FRIClE, s I x,.tr E'N c-t.P¡Dpb¡€t rit¡y bc po;: 'd

-ùo c@r Brlt¡lD,

- " :..-1i..

source : Library of'the universiry college of'North wales, Bangor(Rare Books Department)N.R. One of the eclitors isJ.Iì. Humffrary, Victoria's first Minislcrf'or Mines (see text)

5iì5

Go t,ÈT'

APPENDTX TX

POSTER ADVERTISING THE BALIARAT EISTEDDFODoF MARCH 4, 1887

DAN N.A'W.DÐ DIf.w À'I DÂNGNtr¡'tr'.¿"F'F' 3'F/F DYSG'

Y Guir yn crltyn ! by(¿i'

"Tru nor tra Btytlwn."

ST. DAVID'S DAY.

InIn¡Y, trflncll \ ltiS?tAT BALLARAT.

The fottowing Prizes wilt be given to the successful Conpetítors:---l. CEORUS-" A¡r¿Ls, tl¡e HùrP" (ahoir, not mile¡ 85

or over 40)2. ÄNÍnË:il-"Éraiæ Goil ir IIio Ilolineu" (clrcir'

mt unclo¡ 2ó ove¡ 80)

H,ryàit " C¡ø¡tion"

Bttlü Towt

¡2000

8. C1IOEUS-" Tbe Åuril" (lG mde voicea) "' ^¿alpÀ

A¿et

Gift of Woleh Friends,Girrml¿nd ...

cirt Ti w"t*h F.i*Å",ìIar¡bocough

i{

lìJ

r000500

{. CEOBU6-"Disiaut Belle"(for Stale School chil-}dreu, uot trude¡ 3õ or o1lor l0) "' J

5. OEOÊUB-,,Up I <¡nit t¡y Bower" (hmily choirJ...

6' Q Ïï';L-''fliiry:l?'I ì ' o

S. DUET-'' The ßattle Eçs" (E flate teuor aniL bess) ldøro t ; ;0. $ONO, $opuuo-" Esuen¡aLÊ" (ia F, opeu to all) ll. C. IÆ! ] t U

10, 80Nc, Êopreoo-" Eweet 9ij.-": _D:.y_n,-li:^$' tu. I vu- aier ... Gift, of Mr, Gæ. Ewbort I 1

tl¡osó who haTs nevet $on ¡ IrEo bstoro) "'t11. goNe, côni¡d¡ro-,,By ühe Å-bbe¡ Dær' ... BættøIÀ ?:utt ... Clift of M¡e. *.o .. { ä tåoffiï**'... " Bt'ÌGirt of M¡, B' R.- "v{ å lå

.Fûuutí .:. ... Gìft of Mr. J. B' Gleyt å 1å

w.Gæ -.- ... GiftorMr'Geo'E"rb€'ü{ å 1å

.8s¿l! ..' Gift or Mr' J' w' Burboû{ å 1å

16. gONG, Bo¡s -,. The Fog Boll" (in f')_ ... .'. Hw Aratet ... Gifl of Mr' T' J' I¡'mbls I Ii;: Ëöüð:ññøoJ;ruãn,[l*;li"'q-.. .:. lïpi -.. Giltof ]t. ]v.BousteÊd.'- 1 Iió: äöiñl--"î'óþn r"i; itor"ønaìest, ivelsh rvo.de

l¿.\f'{1f'.'sonsÊ.:3eifi, or M¡. o. Rendan ... I Ire. |ø'.,{icrøat"sonæ:j}gï":1'1' trL Griffiths '. 1 1

?a i ,: . : ::: 8il:l#: fi.ï,Tlïu:: å ,ä2L' \ n'* "' Gift of Mr' w' tsousbes¿'-' I 1

)22' .lz*",t - .i"'ß,"îl "":::' utÏ:]

å ,å)

zB. r{^ri. Bot o-" Norv Yc¿r s Dvo" ' 'l :þhj",à'!l'i:::¡,"1i P""-}cirt or nr' J¿lri'c { ? ?

oo000000

0

00I0ß0606o600

0

006

0

0t

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source: Library of'the university college of'North wales, Bangor(Rare Books Department)

586

APPENDTX X

MEMORANDUM OFAGREEÀ,ÍENT FOR THE I.JNION OF THE WEI-SH AND ENJGIJSHCoNGREGATIONAL CHURCHE^S, TAMBTON, NEWCA,STLE, NSW, NOVEIT,ÍBER 7, II04

t/o '/U.rl ^zLrr á, 1ø/,

a,,lo,m t.(

î/L¡.:.

.. I

=l^s: í:

ü¡lt.orLarrt C,outrt/',¡1-¿,nn*Lr*Z

',-'r:fu-{.

L é rt':/r'€L/-3'o-

îh\ 1( rt/. 4"l^

t

rr./

r'^--rt

/rt/,- -/{z,nlt ?'L

)a

)¡)

f f.t'--¡r',-*V/

¡r¡-fnr, -/L ft/. ,"1/'(Â ,J'/\,,

yl y' at-',./ / '

L /'t <t-¡{,/:y..'

t-r.l tl,.t^,- /.,

/,1\ ./-) ç.7.o-t4'¡.

:.-J ./w fu--!*4'i:r',t //,¡--'/t'<',n7,4' ,o/'-¡.- -. :- ' l t¡--nrt* o-L"ì.1.. k ,'

'a8en3un¡ qslÐ^\ârfl ul uour.râs ,{lqfuour e JoJ luãtua8u¿¡:¿ aqì Surlenf ad-lad '.g âsn€lo 'fÌ'N

'Ár-qn rllqnd âltsuf,t*âN 8-t0g? flViÐJJflo'¡^

i'it

tJ..,J,("H

/ar.r.t,l

pr1v*dÖ

eoor ts¡i ' '

,.uvud I SalA/¡dtrl5vt¡Á)'

.l

-r-f'4û

--r,."V.fl

4h. 'd/^/1

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)

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r( f. ",/,'!/....vY -W)')/7) ,, I

-/

-Yv/ -u4 '//, - -ryv -)t't

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y ) rn'/'// -r4rnr ry ,"v, ..t

--vl-/ -"r4J.1't1r-r. -: ."\1,1 , .{Yf?Yt,

I

189

88{)

APPENDTX)il

RECORD OF MEETTNG OF NOV 7,1914, OF TrIE NEWCASTLE AI\IDHUNTER VALLEY DISTRICT CAI\,ÍBRIAN SOCIETY

101 {,u'tl

al

,1^-/A-e-dûuua-*.

rû LØ

e/*rÁq=d,

qj4-J

I

I

,l

ûh(Å

'.:

I

i

'li¡.

ü:i

I

I;I

0Þt\_.ø¿1./

t*t

/.k at*-"'

ã89

I

I

I

'

.

I

Lw ;;t'

j

&Me

I

-(ttËT

+.

Source : Minute Books of the Newcastle and Hunter Balley Cambrian SocietyAB 4303-8 Newcastle Public Library.N.B. Date shown is incorrect.

Þú

FÚ Irl z U l-{ X X )-{

tlt X H ñ

8ä Eã 27 HE

ãQ ¡¡\J á,2 o3 !rÉ SE

ô¡i

Jr-i â2 FgÈ )l r¡ Þ

t

U) I o r l¡ Ê

,) È (h ô o ô z ÈJ o - Þ1 a f+l P ct n P ä o x

Cym

deith

as û

ynre

igyd

dol Y

icto

ría.

The

C"a

mbr

ian

Soc

iety

of V

icto

ria.

E¡t.

rl, S

EI"I

DLW

YD

r8?

2

RH

EO

LAU

.l.

Enr

u y

Gym

deith

æ y

dyw

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MD

EIT

HA

SG

T"M

ßEIG

YD

DO

L .l¡

f C

ÎOR

IA.

"

^Þ¡id

. Il-

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cani

on y

Gyr

odei

tùra

ydy

¡t-(c

) I{}

'nf,y

ddo

snd¿

b a

mel

tM¡

cydy

u¡de

i¡rla

d]'m

hlith

Cyn

ry, a

chy

funo

eu

groi

thsa

trdt

ym n

hob

peth

¡ be

rtby¡

i'ç

llesi

aút,

tmgy

mde

ithas

ol a

cl¡e

nedl

seth

ol,

yn b

erso

nol

a ch

yff¡e

dino

l.(b

) I

esty

a ey

mm

orth

i'n

cydw

ladu

ryr

fydd

om

ewn

ange

n fe

l y g

rvel

ir t¿

ilyng

dod,

(c)

Cyn

frchu

a c

heln

ogi c

ùwae

thrtl

eryd

diae

tùa

cher

ddor

iaet

h G

ymre

ig t

nry

35rn

d cy

far-

fody

dd i

¡ndr

in a

m¿t

crio

n cy

ssyl

ltiol

ahw

ynt;

ac i

gefn

ogi y

cylly

rr a

¡fcno

n a

defo

dau

ag a

yst

yrir

o du

edd

fudd

iol ¡

moe

sol.

srrd

do{lo

n IIL

Fod

y G

ymde

iths

i fod

yn

gynw

ysed

ig o

¡el-

odau

cyf

fredÍ

n, a

elod

au p

arüa

ol a

c ae

loda

u cy

fnn-

ogol

. Y S

wyd

dogi

on f

ydda

rt--y

Lly

wyd

d, d

su Is

-ìr-

wyd

d, T

ryso

rydd

, Y

sgrif

eryd

d (a

c Is

-ysg

rifen

ydd

os b

ydd

ange

n),

LlÉ

rgpl

lvdd

, ¿

Pl¡w

yllg

or c

ylon

s-od

dedi

g o

bum

p o

eelo

d¿r¡

, FY

ur6¿

y rh

ai h

yn y

pwyl

lgor

tref

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ac e

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n f,¡

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trwy

y tu

gel g

a¡ )

rr a

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¿u a

fydd

ant

yn b

tese

nol

yn n

ghyf

arlo

d bl

yny'

dllo

l R

hagf

)'r' D

thol

ir he

fy{

yn

yr u

n m

odd

ddau

Àrc

hwili

wt.

Rå¿

id i'

r ym

geis

rryr

am y

Sw

ydrl¡

u hy

rr g

ael a

r hen

wi y

n y

cyfa

rfod

rnís

olar

{ero

l e¡m

y e

yfar

{od

blyl

yddo

l, ac

¡í ¿

ll ne

b o¡

d

INS

TITU

TED

T8?

].

RU

LES

.l.

The

narn

e of

tbe

Sæ

iety

is "

THE

CA

MB

RIA

N N

ûh.

socI

ETY

OF

VIC

TOR

IÂ."

II. T

he o

bjec

ts o

f the

Sæ

iety

are

--

(a)

To p

rom

ote

unity

and

fost

er s

ympo

lhy

aûoû

gst

lll¡e

lshm

en,

a¡d

cent

raliz

e th

ei¡

activ

ity in

all

tåia

gs p

erùa

iain

g tô

thei

rw

elf¿

re-s

oci¡l

l y

a¡rd

nat

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all y

, per

sona

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and

colle

ctiv

ely.

(b)

To g

rant

aid

ø s

uch

dist

ress

ed c

ount

rym

enan

d w

osæ

n es

ury

be

foun

d w

ortb

y.(c

) 1o

cul

tivat

e an

d en

corr

age

e ta

ste

for

ÌYel

sb li

êrat

s¡e

a¡d

m¡¡

¡ic b

y ho

ldbg

mee

tings

fo¡ t

be d

igo¡

ssio

n a¡

d fu

rther

a¡cc

of ¿

11 m

¿tt¿

rs c

onne

ctéd

ther

erni

th, e

nd to

upho

ld s

uch

ct¡s

to¡ts

and

usa

ges

as n

råy

h¿vo

¿ b

eneñ

cial

and

mor

al t

ende

ncy.

III. T

he S

ocie

ty s

hall

cons

ist

of O

rdin

ary,

Life

and

Ass

ocia

tc U

emùe

uß.

îte o

fücç

bea¡

ers

shat

lco

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t of

a P

resi

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, tw

o V

ic*P

reei

dÊut

s, T

rÊ¡a

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Sæ

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(a¡¡

d A

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stan

t Sec

lgta

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nec

*sa

¡y),

s Li

brûi

ân, a

nd û

ve M

embe

n of

Com

mitt

eo.

Thes

e sb

all c

onst

¡tgtê

tb¡

Com

¡¡itt

ee o

f lûB

ñ'gÈ

raet

rq s

nd s

b^Ê

ll he

ele

cted

an¡

u¡lly

by

ballo

t of

mem

bers

pre

scnt

at t

be a

nnua

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embe

r m

eetia

g.'It

erc

also

shs

ll be

two

Âud

itors

, to

be

eles

ted

inllk

e ¡r

anue

r. C

¿ndi

dsÞ

s fo

r tb

ese

ofüc

es ¡

hall

beno

min

¿ted

at t

¡e o

rdin

ar7

mon

thly

mee

tiag

prec

ed-

(.¡bs

t^

()Fi

iCE

OT

ó91APPENDTX )ilII

SYNOPSIS OF THE CONSTITUTION AND RULES OF THEWEI.SH SOCIETY OF SYDNEY

Source: Maldwyn Rees Papers MS 6781 National Library of Australia,

t"' CYMDEITHAS OYMREIG SYDNEY

:

t

I

II

Iì

{The Welsh Society of Sydney}.

SYN,.i;:

OPSIS OF CONSTITUTION

FORMATION OF SOCIEÏY. 1

The Society wos formed on the {ourth day o{ September. 1937{r\.

TOBJECTS. .;',:,,¡ \

of,ind is' limited'ìr.r,/' : i+-' .- r'-'

lo- +I

l. Welsh

3. Paople of Welsh d?t.:ll:., ,,i

in e:e:fed in Welsh his fory, litera o¡li,' musrc. the dramo. ihescienccsl for the mulua I enioyment membe¡s; for lhe study ond

thers, withappreciation of our naiive lond' and lhoio confidont pride lounded upon truth. ,,,

of our forofo

The Welsh lanþ i.ro9e shall

_ ¡ubiect mnot be the'

;.ln gf the Sociefy. butspirit ond outlook.

otle¡s 'shall

MEMBERSHIP.

, Thc firsl hundred .Ìo ' io o: Mcmbsrs shall be

'"'l .tu Found¿iion """ïï; i ,, ""ij1,,, '

. Members oro permilled lo reciprocolc 'membcrship and ãtherprivileges wilh kindred Socíeties.

1i

.l

GENERAL. ",Tho 5e 4o rrous ol becom rng M mbers ôr8 r€questcd to com'cal wil the Secrelary o the :..r ¡ I ri.

.ì. ,.-

I.lr',

iã- \

Canberra

592

APPENDD( XTV

APPEAL FOR THE WELSH TOJOIN BY THE CYMMRODORION (WEI-SH)socrETY oF SYDNE"Y (1939)

þ

-PÀtlloil8:

.tßl@4t1" R.r¡ a- E .aoù .roua.¡¡\æ+

.1-f--

I:

I:

ùet $irohiccc on

'.'I

ùoscWlül¡t our Yle{ÂrSr l:rcmesrbci'

$,1¡o ¡re,

. and,l wan¡ 'wcEnmc

SochV

Sourcc: Malclwyn l{ces Papers MS 6781 National Library of Aus[ralia'(lanbcrrzt.

;!

FÉ FÚ F1 z U X X

E 5 ã Þ ô ll ãt F o 7 t- È ha Ë^(

l üz vi C'i

rJE Å¿,

ËJ Þ- eo (tz È-

,Áo

ÞÞ

dF:

¡FÉ

o tl ÈÉ F H Þ z U) o o lll Ë

Ben

er.o

lent

.-To

give

a h

earty

wel

corn

e to

¡rll

tello

w-c

ount

rrm

en a

nd to

affo

rd lh

enr

any

desl

red

fnfo

rmât

lon

or a

dvic

e.

:1. T

he S

oclê

ty s

hell

be c

oErp

osed

of

borr

oiar

y, o

ldin

ary,

¿nd

, lif

e m

errb

ers.

11. Il

onor

ary

mem

berÉ

eha

U b

e el

ecte

d by

thr:

Exe

cutiv

e C

omm

f tte

e f¡n

m a

rnon

g ei

r¡in

ent

Ðer

rons

of W

elsh

line

ege,

5. O

rdÍû

ary

or Ii

fe m

eübe

rs m

ay b

e pe

rson

sof

ove

r l4

yea

r s

<rf a

go (

mal

e or

fem

ale)

of

\üol

sh li

nea,

ge o

¡. lb

oee

cont

rect

e(l w

ith p

erso

neof

l{el

sb ll

neag

e by

mar

rtage

tha

t Is

in a

dire

ctw

ay a

s in

the

cÈss

of b

u¡ba

nd o

r wlfe

and

thei

r ch

ildre

n Th

,ose

ove

r 18

yea

rs o

f age

or th

ose

r¡ho

har

e m

arle

Mfa

lee

the

land

of

thel

r ad

optlo

n. o

nly

Ís h

ave

votiu

g po

vrer

,

6. T

he S

ocie

ty s

hall

b€ m

ana:

;ed

atrd

itg

afia

irs a

dml¡l

êter

ed b

y an

Exe

cutiv

e C

ornr

nlt

t+:r:

, t:o

mpr

lsln

g a

Pre

tide[

t, tw

o or

mor

s V

icc-

Pr<

..g11

1snt

s, a

Co¡

nmltt

(re

of e

isht

rBe.

rnbe

rg g

,'nr

ore,

Ilor

rora

ry T

reas

urer

, H

oiio

rary

Sec

rc.

trrry

, nn

d H

onor

ary.

Àse

lsta

nt S

ecre

tary

, to

br.

elec

ted

anuu

ally

fro

m th

e or

dÍna

ry o

r llf

e m

em-

l¡ers

of t

he S

ocie

ty,

at th

e m

eetin

g to

be

ho)r

låt

(he

com

men

cetû

ent o

f evo

ry a

nnua

l ses

sion

-.¡.

The

Soc

iety

shû

ll be

no¡

.pol

itic¿

l an

dln

terd

enom

luat

lonâ

1. ö:@

q¿*o

dCA

g W

R N

I CH

AR

O 'R

WLA

D A

'I M

AG

O.''

ffurn

hriü

í ñur

trtg

CO

NS

TITU

TÍO

N.

t_, ft.

" S

ociê

by s

h¡ll

be k

now

u by

the

uaur

t:an

d tit

le o

f "Th

e C

aübr

i-an

Soc

ieþ

of S

orrr

trÀ

ugtra

lla."

2. T

he o

bjec

ts o

f th€

Soc

fety

are

Nat

jona

t.L,

ttera

ry a

Dd

Edu

caflo

ual a

nd B

enev

olen

t,N

'w

elsh

amO

ngS

rele

hm

nlat

ellk

e fe

elln

gs i¡

the

min

ds ¿

ud h

earts

of

thei

r chl

l(lre

n lu

the

Cor

¿ron

wea

lth o

fA

uetra

lia;

and.

per

mee

to b

roth

erho

odan

d go

od fe

llow

sblp

srlo

Egs

t lte

men

ì-be

rs-

Lite

rarJ

r ¿n

d trl

iluc¿

ttoua

l.-To

toe

ter

aud

eDco

ureg

e tù

e cu

ltfva

tion

ol a

t¿st

e fo

r

@f F

ot¡tq

$uø

tralia

.

OI

þ9

Ø Þl (l ft l¡ d o F o C)

È'l È B o rl (t IJ P rD H Þ)

y cy

fr''r

fod

yn y

me€

irËw

yr,

Or

digv

yfi

y¡¡

nglo

rtr y

ûw

y<Jd

y¡r

fod

ewyd

d yn

wag

, ca

ltr y

cyl

ryw

ei ll

¿nw

gan

y p

w]'l

lgô¡

hyd

y c

yfar

fod

blya

yddo

l.O

s na

dde

rbyn

ir en

weu

ym

geis

wyr

am

sw

ydd

neu

srTd

dau

yn y

Gym

deith

es,

yn y

cyf

arfo

d er

fero

l ya

Tach

wed

d, b

ydd

i'r b

eu a

rvyd

dog

neu

sÌey

ddog

,jon,

fcl

bydd

ol s

chos

, bar

haa

yn e

u ¡w

ydd

hyd

yt e

thol

ir si

gBnl

)¡nw

r ne

u cu

enl

ynw

¡r.

Gel

llr e

nwi y

nsÊ

içs!

¡ryn

err

hab

seuo

ldeb

os

byd

d c¿

ni¿t

Âd

i h¡r

uly

wed

i ci

dttc

ròyn

E¡e

w¡

ysgr

tfÐ.

IV-

Pe¡

odí¡

dau

ymdd

irled

ohvr

, ¡n

ngof

al y

rhai

¡' by

dd b

oll f

eddi

mau

y G

yrnr

leith

æ;

e by

dd t

ddyn

tdd

¿l c

u ew

ydd

cyhy

d ag

y b

yddo

y G

ymde

itbas

yn

gwel

cd y

n br

iodo

l.

V. R

h¿id

i ym

geie

wyr

am

¡el

odæ

tlr fd

yn

frodo

rion

o G

ymm

, f¿

u o

linat

ù G

ymre

lg-

Rba

idirt

dynt

gee

l eu

cyny

g a'

u cæ

fnog

i gan

ael

odau

o'r

Gyr

îdel

thês

, m

em c

yfar

fod

arfe

rol;

aæ e

tlrol

lr hr

vytn

'y

y tu

gel ¡

r y

c¡da

rfod

rilly

nol:

ràai

d ca

clm

rvya

frif o

rìdu

'y n

n o

d¿ir

o't a

elod

au ¡

r fyd

dont

yn b

:ese

nol

er c

sdar

nhau

yr

atbo

liad.

Ni c

hym

eret

holiu

l le

oni b

ydd

o le

iaf b

ump

o ae

lode

.u y

nbr

.ese

nol.

'Lau

ysgr

ifiz<

l b\n

y<ld

ol y

r Ê

è¡od

¿u f

yàd

pum

sw

ílt d

ros

y dy

nion

, å

hsnt

rel c

oron

dro

s y

mer

ched

, rc

r,i

yrty

rir D

eb y

n aê

lod,

er

ei e

tlol,

oni

bydd

vêd

i tal

u y

tany

sgrif

rad

am h

an¡e

r bl

wyd

d¡l

o le

i¿f.

Gel

lir d

erby

n gw

y¡ n

eu w

etsd

d åe

lodâ

uo'

r G

ymrle

ithas

, fe

l ¡el

odau

cyf

rano

gol,

er p

erth

yni

gæed

l anl

l, w

edi i

ddyn

t dãl

u y

ta¡y

s8df

rsd

êrf€

rcI.

VI.

llhai

d i

ymge

isvy

r nm

oth

olia

d fe

l ael

ods.

up¿

rhao

Ì. fo

d yn

frod

orio

n o

Gym

ru r

o o

linac

h G

ym-

in6

the

auua

l nße

ting,

and

¡o o

ther

¡ tla

¡r tÌ

¡ose

ao n

omih

¿ted

sba

ll b€

ca¡

dills

tôs.

Any

ysc

arcy

oco¡

rdng

dur

iog

the

yoar

6hâ

l¡ Þ

e ñl

led

up b

y th

eC

omitt

ee u

ntil

th€

a,ua

ual a

.eet

ing.

Sho

ul.d

¡om

-in

¿tlo

n fo

r a¡y

oE

icê

or o

ffice

s ir¡

the

Soc

iety

lot

b¿ r

ecei

ved

st e

y ol

dl¡û

ry N

ovem

ber

mge

ting,

t¡e

exis

ting

ofiic

e¡ o

r oÉ

lcgr

s, B

s tb

e c¡

c¿ m

ay b

e, s

hall

cmtin

ue i¡

ofi¡

e u¡

ttl th

ei¡

gucc

esso

r or

Êuc

ce8$

ots

she.

ll be

elc

ct¿d

, C

s¡dI

al¿t

es o

ay

be n

omìn

ote<

tw

h@ rb

8€nt

lf w

r¡tt€

n co

nscn

t fo

obt

¿ine

d.

IV.'f

lere

sh¡

li b€

t$o

Trus

t€ee

who

¡ha

ll b¿

ver¡

uch

argt

of a

ll th

e pr

oper

ty,

ànd

¡hgi

l ho

ld o

füce

durin

g th

e pl

easu

re o

f the

Soc

iety

.

V. E

ve¡y

and

idat

e fo

¡ el

etio

n as

a h

embe

r sh

all o

r¿¡r

yI¡e

a o

ativ

e of

Wel

es,

or o

f Wel

sh e

xtræ

tion.

H"

Ú-'*

or s

ùe s

¡¡al

l be

prr

pose

d an

d se

coÁ

ded

by m

embe

nof

the

Sæ

iety

at ¿

n or

di¡¡

try m

eetin

g, a

d ba

ltote

dfo

r ct

t ê

ubÊ

eqæ

trt o

tdi¡¿

r¡r

mee

ting;

a E

ârof

ltyof

two-

tbitd

Â o

f the

mem

bæ p

reee

nt b

¡lng

nece

e-ea

¡r t

o re

nder

the

elæ

tlon

valtd

" N

o ba

llot s

hell

beta

km E

tless

¿t

lsas

t ñv¡

mem

beu

aÈ p

rËeq

rt.Ile

mbe

¡s e

hatl

pay

BE

arm

oal n

rbec

riptio

n of

fi.v

eúi

lling

r fô

¡ m

ales

md

two

drill

inga

and

skp

encê

for

fem

le¡,

e¡d

no o

ne s

h¿ll

be e

n¡ql

led

as a

mem

ber,

thou

gh e

ìæte

d, u

til

he o

¡ sho

sho

ll ha

ve p

aid

ûot

Iess

than

haI

J g

y€a¿

s su

bscr

l¡rtio

l. M

cmbæ

'wiv

e¡or

hus

band

e w

ho b

e{.o

ng t

o en

othe

r ¡s

tiona

lity

s}¡¿

Ilbe

¡ dm

itted

Ês

Aes

ocia

ts M

emb¿

rs o

l tl¡

e S

ocie

tyon

lrßy

m€n

t of

sar

¡¿ fe

e¡.

Vt-

Eve

ry c

¿¡di

dat€

lo¡

elec

tion

a¡ I

lite

DêE

¡€r

shal

l be

a na

tive

of W

alos

or

of W

elsh

enb

.ae-

Ynd

diri€

d-ol

dt¡,

,,olo

d¡c

Ct?

rrdl

!.

Âel

d¡ù

l¡.hæ

|.

(r(

ÈÞ

coils

rlruT

þNO

F TI

IE

ST.

DA

I,ID

'S W

ELS

H S

OC

IETY

flF M

AC

KA

Y1.

NA

ME

: Th

e na

.rre

of th

e S

ocie

ty e

hall

be.th

e "S

t. D

avld

's Y

Íel¡t

r S

ocie

ty,

lf,ac

kay.

"2.

OB

JEC

TS:

(q)

To fa

clllt

st€

unio

n an

d fo

ster

syr

¡pât

hyam

ong

lVel

sh,

peop

le a

¡d th

eir d

esce

n-d¿

nts.

1U) fo

fo

steù

the

love

ol

T[al

es,

ùrd

tûfo

ste¡

ana

l Bup

Dor

t a d

eel¡e

for

Wel

shcu

lture

, lit

erat

ure

and

mu¡

ic.

(c) T

o €n

luro

the

Dro

¡rer

cel

ebra

tloo

of o

urP

atro

n S

aint

'e D

ay,

and

to E

uppo

rt su

chpr

acfic

ea a

nd c

crem

onie

s à¿

mgy

be

con¡

ider

cd b

enef

icia

l to

Wel

sh D

eopl

e.(d

) To

fo¡le

r fel

low

shtp

with

oth

er T

l¡el¡h

Soc

ietiè

s in

Aug

trala

eia

with

s. v

iew

t{,

E:re

¿ter

uni

ty a

mon

g W

elsh

peo

ple

and

thei

r des

cend

onts

.'(e

) 1o

ass

ist

the

assi

mila

tion

into

the

com

-m

unity

of

\¡9el

sh m

igra

nts

¿rriv

ing'

inth

e di

gt¡ic

t.3.

üIE

DIB

ER

SIII

P:

(a) T

he S

ocie

ty ¡

hall

oons

iat o

f O

rdin

ary.

Ho¡

otar

y, L

iÍe a

nd A

neoc

iate

Mem

be¡s

.(b

) Ord

in¿r

y M

enrb

er¡

sbal

l be

of W

eleh

. de

scen

t, or

may

be

the

wife

or h

usba

ndof

suc

h D

erå¡

on.

(c)

Hon

orar

y M

embe

r¡: T

he S

octe

ty s

ha'll

have

pow

er to

gra

nt h

onor

ary

mem

bet-

shlp

to v

isito

rs,

such

mem

bers

hip

shal

lbe

for

a

limlte

it pe

riod,

llon

orar

y

mem

bers

¡ha

ll no

t be

ent

itled

to a

pe¿k

orr É

,ny

mot

ion

r¡nd

er d

iecu

ssio

¡, no

r may

they

cas

t a v

ote,

exc

ept b

y Þ

err¡

rissi

onof

the

mee

tingi

.(d

) Life

Mer

¡ber

s¡ T

he S

ocie

ty m

al' g

rant

Life

Mem

bere

hip

to ¿

mem

ber

in r

ecog

-ni

tion

of l

ong

or o

utst

andi

ng ¡

ervi

ce to

the

Soc

iety

- S

ucb

hono

ur s

hall

not

begr

ante

d lig

htly

, an

d m

uÉ h

ave

the

as-

sent

of

the

maj

ority

ø1,

an

Ann

ual

Gen

eral

Mee

ting.

(e)

.A.s

Êoc

iste

Mem

bcrr

al¡s

.ll b

e pe

¡son

¡ w

hoar

e in

elig

iþIe

for

u¡em

bers

hip

unde

r th

eab

ove

cond

ition

e, b

ut,

who

hav

e th

eÍn

tere

sts

of t

he S

ocie

ty ¿

t he

art,

,{ego

-ci

ate¡

msy

not

spe

ak o

n an

y m

otio

nun

der d

iscu

ssio

n, n

or m

ay th

ey c

rÀct

avo

te, e

rcep

t by

perm

isÈ

ion

of th

e m

eetin

g.4.

SU

BS

CR

IPfiO

N:

The

suba

criD

tlon

for

mem

bere

hiD

sha

ll be

as

deci

ded

upon

from

time

to t

ime

by th

e m

embe

rs a

t an

Ann

u¿l

Gen

erul

Mee

tins,

Àn

Ent

ry F

ee m

ay b

ech

arge

d.A

m

e¡rr

ber

shal

l bec

o¡ne

unf

inan

cl¿l

whe

nhi

e su

b¡c¡

iptio

n is

eix

mon

the

or m

ore

inar

rear

n, a

nd h

e eh

all t

hsn

ceas

e to

rec

eive

notic

es o

f m

eetin

g an

d ot

her

liter

atur

e pu

tou

t by

the

Soc

iety

, r{

.n u

nfin

anci

al m

em-

ber

ghal

l nôt

be

entit

led

to c

aat a

vot

€ at

any

mee

ting:

of

the

Soc

iety

,5.

OFF

ICE

RS

sha

ll co

nsis

t of

Pat

ron,

Pre

eide

nt.

up t

o th

ree

Vic

e-pr

eeid

ents

(on

e to

wn

and

two

coun

try V

-P's

), H

on, S

ecre

tary

, Ass

ia-

tant

Sec

¡eta

ry. T

reas

urer

, an

d a

com

mitt

eeof

th

ree

rank

and

file

m

embe

rg,

all

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(t q o r ô -l Fl Þ)

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1J

APPENDIX XVII 59t)

FRONT COVERS OF THE PROGRAMMES OF THE ST. DAVID'S WEI-SH SOCIETYoF BRISBANE, QUEENSI-AND, 1938 - 1939 AND 1977 - 1978.

N. LÊwls,

SURER Lomond:Ter¿c6'

ANISTD

Cgnductor' i

SAIT{T DAVIO'S WELSH SOCIETYOF BRISBANE

SYLLABUS - 59th YEAR. 1977 /78

Notc: It rvill bc ¡c¡licccl that in 1938/9 onc <¡[ (hc ¿rims <¡[ thc socicty \\'ils "to fìrslcrancl rnair-ttain a krrowleclgc <¡f the \\'clsh latr¡4ttirgc." lly 1977 thcrc was provisiotrorrly fbr "zr shr¡rl session r¡f'Welsh s()llfJ ()r hymns trucl a shr¡rI t¿tlk ot-l:rtr import:rllt\{tclsh pers()n - ¡t:tst {rr prcsetll."

Sotrrcc: 1938/g pr(){rrammc: MA[.D\\YN l{tll.S PAPIiRS MS 67U1, N¿rtion:rl Libr:u7of' Atrstnrliir, (l:rrt bcrr:t.

lg77 /8 pf()sfiunmc: (l<>trrt.csy of thc St. D¿rvicl's \\/clsh s<>cict1'

P re si dcn l:Rev T Rees Thomas, MBE, MA' BD.'t4AcE

V ice'P (e s¡denls:Mrs A Bedman, Mrs W. Ford, N4r JoshuaThonlas

llon Stcte!¿ty: M¡ J C Mathewsontloì'Ítaasurcr: Mr W H ThornasDiteclot ol Spacial Futtcl¡otts:

f¿lrs W FordIton P¡anist Miss G'adys JonesHon Au(l¡lor: Mr N C Owens, FCAH¡slori¿lt: Mrs. A. APPS. I

Contnirllce:Pres¡dent, V¡ce-Pres¡dents' Hon Secrelary,llo¡l freasure¡, Mrs V E Lewis (PresidentLadies Cornm¡ltee,) ¡¿rs. A. l. Apps, Mrs. MA. McOuillan, Mrs. G. Ellenden, Mr. G. Ford'Mr &M¡s G RoYnoldsMcsl¡ngs cotntrìcncc at 7.I 5 P.m.Prograñrtres are lo bù conìplcted by 8.50p m. lo allovi suPper lo bc sc¡ved at I p m.SHAÊPAl llìe l)egrnning ol each mect¡ng therc u'illt¡e a shorfsession ol lvelsh songs or hymns,arìd a slìJrl l¿lk on an ¡mporlant WelshPurron -- Past or Presenl

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APPENDD( >(D(

FRONT COVER OF LLYTTLyÈNEITYDDION,TTIE NEWSIJTTER OF THEausTRALIAN ASSOCIATION OF WEISH SOCIETIESFJNE 1935

598

[wyllHll0N I

INEWS LETTERAsgcyaon "f I|'dú Socr:cti:r ti

*ii

lsÏi-ìVor- l. No, 3 ruN B

\ EDfTORIAL 6tcbr.tb .ú ttE Eltffi JÙblþa;lurtc to Eûa srrn¡ÊruiÚ tôr

.û¡ dâ ûril tÈ l.dGltudê Wr.L

lEril tb¡¿ ù ræi.t¡¡¡ I4P ¡¡n cr¡h¡h tüo ol4\Ydtù, t¡:dDlos ¡t ts¡r bèt¡a¡!- l(t ErEarÊ iE tihà

ùr q¡fst h¡Ë

Irt ø l¡¡. lt 4 l!.of tùÐ grrt I¡¿¡l

o( or¡r r.lÐt¡4r Â¡¡¡Èr¡¡¡¡

'N(YTES FRODT TEE SOCTENES.

SYDNEY'

Source: Maldwyn Rees Papers, MS 6781, Natic¡nal l,ibrary of Australia,Canberra

599APPENDTX )O(

FRONT COVER OF THE WEISH AUSTRALIAN' AUGUST 28' 1939

I 'i'., i

Sotrrce: N¿rtional Library of Atrstralia, Canberra

W"û

I 3*"

CA

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601

APPENDIX >OilI

YWAWR(THE DAWN) NEWSLETTER OF THEWELSH CHURCH'L,A TROBE STREET' MELBOURNE, 1979

cgwffBoBtr'FIRETTÀRY

L979. Ist February, W79.¡l

,'

ËL51]

a¡'{ tra¿itio¿s. Alas. a lítt1e bit ofWeles - yes W!J,æ - sitr.rateil in

Wo are' af-l. ant¡aegadors of llalee- the T,Ielsh in Victoria -- and., asChristia-r¡s, to our I{ÀSTR.

Is it possible that so¡lo would.w'ish a refeiend.r¡m as to conti¡uationof TE CAUSE in La [r'obe Street, intbe hope that.....- ,...¡......?

- FÐIIOR --

li pr ¡3 AS-: \l

Clrildrenrs Sectiori. ;.J, 6, I

!Efsons-L. . .....¡ -- . .. i-.i¡ 4Savetl. ¿ c rc -.. -¿. .. :.......1+S¡recial Serrrices. . ¿ ..7 ¡LO tlLSto¡n..... ¡ .....- .... .. -..12Sutscriptions. - . . . a... . .. ..4We1sh Snbassy.'.:."..1

Ålal rNl

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GWMR ${AIN

GwEDDIIS sfr, v crusffix? 'slrÐD'À^BRI'R Hm- BmRINIONGYITL T SÛL IlS ÐGLFTS TS$:

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NEWSLETTEROF THE WELSH CHURCH

32O La Trobe St., Mebourne. 3OOQTolephone -329 696-1

source : courtesy of the welsh church, La Trobc street, Melbourne

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603

APPENDD()OilV

wEIsHIANIGUAGEPoLIcYINTHEScHooISoFTHECOUNTY OF CL\IVYD, WALES,

c 1988

f,rGY

þrtugeluolt tlC%l

All Ctr,yd Prlmrrv Sc¡rod¡ wlt ü¡ bllill|.¡.lrchælç tl¡or{ñ tft€ €aa ol lillrl3r¡¡l¡h mrydltlot lron rt.. !o rror Ço¡¡eq¡¡rndy. h will brttr r6Fîr¡È¡lbt of rh. &rrlôdty 4i... t¡'H¡¡d Tch¡r ¡J lh. Scàæl Hmr¡r¡l rocur¡t tha¡ cort¡trm ¡crdrc¡¡ ¡æ n¡ilúl¡ inordr ùrt tfrc pro¡oíloî ol rim llsrld tôthr lncìir¡ ol bolh UrlLlt úd Eodi¡f i.oon¡on¿nr wirh thr brctçouod ol drcchlldr.ñ (tlkiae ¡nY tPê¿l¡. l?.ttiñl d¡fl¡slt¡ürimo rctpuntl ¡nd prt¡cublv with thr orr¡llrínr of aclúcrir¡ r Êeñ.blo ord folid¡ncv'

¡Étrucrloí. rh! Hsd ¡ft

Sdulr or unil¡ whr. l}dû h rår rn¡ln tr*dirnrof ¡drrEt¡on w¡ll b. tyrl.ÈL w¡lhln ÈEn¡drtravaltrrll dlruîÉ of ¡ll oàtdr¡n who¡r psn¡ffi. .uch p.orl¡loi. &d ¡clpol¡ slll àrr¡rr¡qlrr rod lrrq¡.m l¡artuÊdo.ì lñ Enolldrrlroad¡o.¡t rhr¡t t¡m. ¡¡r lìr lnf.Êt mdJunb. Sclþô¡L

ructr i¡r¡fuctlo¡ ¡hould b6 cûnl¡nútd o¡ wh:th¡rú ¡¡lôrn¡t¡re (ÐuÉ in 'lVGI¡lt Stud¡.i' lhdl brFor¡drd tot ¡t lc.r !h. lar't lwo Vüra in r,l!Seoo¡d¡ry School-

t. SfAfEMEilI OF IiITEITT

Thc ¡im of rho P<¡tþ wll br ro rrrrr ürr F¡ÍÍl¡!¡in tho ducr¡{n¡l r¡lt.dtl rtlotÚ.d ty rcodlJrS¡g. ar.dúrg qó bcære '-ElIÍ'

ñoent¡n borh hno{¡lË å rtrod úûll¡il¡it¡¡ lrìtothr so¡¡d¡ry¡Chæ|"

Bifi¡fr¡Jim rril ör hfrodt oad 't ü.arlLÚloppo,ram¡ty. Tùc Alnhüitt :iI mn¡rr tlrtbiliûral ¡drgrioq orc neçd. wlll àe

¡n¡in¡inrd ¡¡d dcnlog¡d ¡¡ rl¡ Cr¡ldmFDttãr.

Ctrild¡m in rlrooh iltr¡c Ëmfhh h Etudly rtrl¡rír tr.rùiài m.dir¡m rlll h¡n r¡¡gl¡r ¡rdfrq.int in¡ra¡st¡o it W¡l¡h råroqls¡rrñ.irdfir lñ thr lrl¡nt rñd Juhlû. Scho.¡.

cl SCCONDARYED(rCAllOft¡

Sr@rrd¡ry Eduar'lon vlll Þ. D¿Þtid.d tô,rüchildrcu oinly thpqCh fà. rrdiun ol €¡rli¡à orthroü{h tbå rn¡dium of Wrbù þad¡lît þrþrirh.r of rlÉ Prnñtr

To prørrr rnd nÉllt ænt¡ÉuitY v¡th tfaÞdmÍy ¡clml¡, lt¡l¡b w¡ll b. i.¡.ghq r r$cond l.n$¡g.. in tll r.€ondüY i{fioohrlÈ.. thaml¡ rrdiunr of inrtruqtlon h Et{l¡¡h. TIF latll..lloc¡rion lor lÞ t@nd hngr;eet lhrll trùt ba |C¡¡

d¡u th¡t .llffi.d lor dË ú¡¡r Mod.rD L¡ni34.rl th¡i rtlgó.

z o&¡EcflvEs

ol lrlUR3EñY ÉDI¡CAT|Ot

gElndud luul'.rY e¿r¡c¡t¡ix r¡¡l br psldd lo¡¡ll th¡ drild¡ú ol Clw¿ fì¡r *illtirl lh.'ll .thotËl¡li ¡¡!{rÍdn¡ lo? !aì$¡¡¡r hÊuclion ¡trþ Priñrv S¡gÀ

b) PR¡MARY EDT'CANOX

Ttr¡ Hrrd of thc S.coîdùY Sdwl üdl Gqìlhs¡lltrrriw, wirft tbc Hod of firo Wol¡à fr!ÞÌùr.tû rhtprc¡rrr :Clriwed by fþ pl,g¡l in æænd lrr¡urgo¡ntln¡¿i¡o in Wolrh. rnd wlrcrl ¡wb ¡lo¡m docl

€lrufu* ?Eøtnut É Cfrg¿ Co,,'f# Co*uit

604

APPENDD()Oil/

WEISH IANIGUAGE POLICY IN THE SCIIOOIS OF TI{E COUNTY OF SOUTHGI-A1\,íORGAÌ\I, WALES, I 980

qÖmiTf oÅ ,soqs Gr'Á¡lORçås

lrEIsE I¿ìf 9PÀGIE . Por,ICE

please troüe tùat [¿ìrrlnisf,Iativg ]IeüorasdulÂ uo 9, dated auSust 197+¡

iïË;by-,*it¡¿."ffi-Èã repraced by tbis Heso¡a:r{tm-

Ebe f o llow-ins st atement " {.

p' li'g#¡o..'ff TîTrt! t*F".Tål#rrrotra¡Suage was approwd bY the-Couand. is to be "aoiiåã uy tuà south ê3'au'orga-n' SchooLs:

(I) Sre l.oca-I ees Hel-sh language' i4<truction''-'ãVã"-t¿ã ;*fi"î:fiJ*fiY'ni:*;ca¡ be lefo¡ the f es'

(2) 'delsh is the n-etional 1a¡suåæ Í¡. veles a¡d the oirportuaitTto lestE tle iä['iffi -ts; bã awail-ab'e j¡ e'11 scbools'

(r) I¡.structloû i¡ Wetsb la:rguage ald/or lfelsh-strrdies shal^l beregarrá.ed. "" B.tt-of tU" õu¡õi'cotun i-n, pri-nary schools'

(¡.) [he¡e Esy be occas s-eq¡reSs :he '*ish thattheir cl¡:Ll-d¡en be elsh-classes o'd' f ..afterconsu-ltatioa rit¡ tle-parents are of the sane

õ-f"i-on'-tËä ,ris¡e sbe1I be accepted.

(>) ft sball te the object, vb3re posslble.' to.arrange tb'aü afluent WefsU-õerüoe.Ë".cUãr úè-* neu,Éer of the-schooL staff '

(6) :':i 1ffiffi'.r";T:ltÎ3 *';il"*-':o;: f n=ç;!i:';"x"":ï"$"ff ::H .

o'

(?) 1" seeond,ar;r schools, ,!-nstructio¡. il tbe 'i'lelsh larg¡'ra.e sb''€"l ì

be avaiLa'otä for al-l 'those 'r¿bo so choose'

$o

no: ¡r¡ sRnfluÛ ÂIrD SEggEDl.I8.-ÇcEoo-IF

7yC*'v-z

605

APPENDIX XXVI

LIST OF RADIO/TELEVISION APPEALS F'OR PARTICIPANTS IN TIIERESEARCH PROJECT MADE BY TIIE AUTHOR BETWEEN 1983 AND1988 (and/or interviews publicising Welsh cultural activities in Australia)

RADIO BROADCAST, Station 5PBA Adelaide, September-December 1983

(intermittent, bilingual Welsh-English appeal).

RADIO BROADCAST, Station 5PBA Adelaide, May 10th 1984 (bilingualV/elsh/English appeal).

RADIO INTERVIEW, BBC Wales, June 7th 1984 (Welsh language interview).

RADIO INTERVIE\ry, 5PBA Adelaide, July 19th, 1984. Joint interview withRespondent NQ 19 (Welsh/English).

TELEVISION INTERVIEW, TELEDU TIR GLAS, October 27th 1984. (Welshlanguage interview in Adelaide for Welsh television channel).

RADIO INTERVIEW, Station 5CL Adelaide, June 20th, 1985. Joint interviewwith Respondent 01 1/1 (Welsh/English).

RADIO BROADCAST, Station 5PBA, Adelaide, June 27th 1985. Interview and

appeal (English only).

RADIO INTERVIEW, BBC CYMRU (BBC Wales), November 13th, 1985

Welsh language interview in Aberystwyth, Wales.

RADIO INTERVIEW, BBC CYMRU (BBC Wales), July 1988 in Adelaide,South Australia.

606

APPENDIX XXVII(a)

Covering Letter @nglish) Accompanying Main and SupplementaryQuestionnaire

The University of AdelaideAdelaide, South Australia 5001

Dear

Enclosed you will find a questionnaire which forms a part of a researchprogramme that I am currently conducting in the Education Department of theUniversity of Adelaide.

The basic aim of the project is to investigate the experiences of Welsh people inAustralia, with particular emphasis on language retention and cultural transmissionacross the generations. It is an area of ethnic studies which, as you may know, has

been much neglected in the past.

The main questionnaire is directed at Welsh people (Welsh and non-Welsh-speaking) who have migrated from the UK as well as those in Australia who haveclose ancestral and/or cultural ties with Wales. Welsh migrants who arrived beforethe age of twelve are also asked to fill in the supplementary questionnaire onlanguage use and maintenance.

I need not emphasise that your help will be invaluable and greatly appreciated.The document is lengthy but, if answered fully, will contribute immensely to ourunderstanding of what it means to be Welsh in Australia today as we approach theBicentennial celebrations .

Questions may be answered in English or Welsh. Your name is not requested andall information will, of course, be considered strictly confidential. Should youwish to add any comments that are not specifically requested you are mostwelcome to do so.

Please return the questionnaire/s to me as soon as possible in the stampedaddressed envelope provided. You may contact me for any help required at eitherof the two following addresses:

Work Home

C/o Elizabeth Community CollegeWoodford RoadElizabeth, SA 5112

Phone: 255 2044Exl275

41 Highland DriveBellevue Heights, SA 5050

OR

Phone: 277 3684

607

I thank you again for your assistance.Yours sincerely,

ARTHUR F. HUGHES

608

APPENDTX XXVrr (b)

Covering Letter (Welsh) Accompanying Main and SupplementaryQuestionnaire

PRIFYSGOL ADELAIDEADELAIDE, DE AWSTRALIA

Annwyl

Mae'r holiadur a amgauaf yn ran o fy ngwaith ymchwil yn Adran Addysg PrifysgolAdelaide.

Y bwriad yw dwyn i'r amlwg rai o brofiadlu'r Cymry yn Awstralia gyda phwyslaisarbennig ar dynged yr iaith ac ar fesur y llwyddiant i drosglwyddo'r diwylliantCymreig o un genhedlaeth i'r llall Deallwch, mae'n siwr, na wyddom lawer amyr agwedd bwysig yma o fywyd y Cymry yn y wlad hon.

Anelir yr holiadur at ymfudwyr o Gymru (Cymraeg a di - Gymraeg) yn ogystal acat eraill yn Awstralia sydd a chysylltiad etifeddol neu ddiwylliannol weddol agos

e'r hen wlad. Gofynnir helyd i'r ymfudwyr Cymreig a ddaeth i Awstralia cyn

cyraedd 12eg oed ateb yr holiadur atodol.

Ymddiheuraf dros nifer y cwestiynau, ond mae'n bwysig eu hateb i gyd os yr ydym

i ddeall sefyllfa'r Cymry yn Awstralia heddiw ar drothwy'r Ddauganflwyddiant.

Atebwch y ø,vestiynau yng Nghymraeg neu Saesne7 lel y dymunwch. Ni ofynnir ameich enw, ac, wrth gwrs, ysryrir bod eich cyfraniad yn gyfrinachol. Os ydymunwch ychwanegu unrhyw sylwadau arall, byddaf yn falch o'u derbyn'

Anfonwch yr holiadur yn ol i mi os gwelwch yn dda yn yr amlen a amgauir' Os

ceisiwch gymorth i ateb y cwestiynau ysgrifennwch ataf (neu ffoniwch) i un o'rcyfeiriadau canlynol :

Gwaith CartreÍ

d/o Elizabeth Community CoIIegeWoodford RoadElizabeth, SA 5112

ffon : 255 2044/275

Diolch o galon eto am eich cymorth.

41 Highland DriveBellevue Heights, SA 5050

Phone:277 3684

Yn gywir

Anhur F. Hughes

609

Note:

APPENDIX XXVIIIMAIN QT]ESTIONNAIRE

WELSH MIGRANTS IN AUSTRALIA

MUDWYR CYMREIG YN AWSTRALIA

Questionnaire

Holiadur

You may choose to answer the question either in Englishor in Welsh.

Please place a tick in the appropriate box(es)where necessary.

LIe'n angenrheidiol rhowch farc yn y blwchpriodol os gwelwchyn dda.

Researcher's use only

Questionnaire No.

Series

Date

Language

Defnydd yr ymchwilwr yn unig

Rhif yr Holiadur

C.yfres

Dyddiad

Iaith

6r0

SECTION 1: PERSONAL DETAILS

RHAN 1: MANYLION PERSONOL

1.1 Date of Birth:

Dyddiad eich geni:

L.2 Place of Birth:

Lle eich geni

1.3 Sex:Rhyw

t.4 Marital Status:Selyllla Priodasol.

1.5

1.6

tl

MaleGwryw

Date of Marriageþddiad

Rhyw

FemaleBenyw

LocationLIe

Present AddressC)feiriad presennol

Previous Residences and Approximate Durations:Cyfeiriadau goffi nno I gy da dy ddiadau b ras gyw ir :

1

2

3

t.7 Children:Plant:

AgesOedran

Sex Place of BirthLIe Genedigol

I I

611

1.8

1.9

1.10

1.11

L.t2

1.13

t.l4

Schools attended:Ysgolion a fynychwyd:

Highest level of education reached:Lefel addysg uchaf a gyrhaeddwYd:

Schools attended by children:Ysgolion afynychwyd gany plant:

Highest level of education reached by children:Lefel addysg uchaf a gyrhaeddwyd gany plant:

CitizenshipDinasyddiaeth

Occupation:Gwaith

OwnEich hyn

SpouseY wraig

(Neu'r gwr)

GrandfatherTaid

Children'sY plant

(i) OwnEich hyn

(iÐ SpouseY gwr neu'r wraig

(iiÐ Children whohave leftschoolPlant sydd wedigadael yr ysgol

Parents' and grandparents' place of birth:Lle genedigol eich rhieni, a'ch taid a nain:

Father MotherMamTad

In BritainYm Mhrydain

In AustraliaYn Awstralia

GrandmotherNain

612

t.15

1.16

Parents' and grandparents' present address:Cyfeiriad presennol eich rhieni, a'ch taid a nain:

ParentsRhieni

Parents' and grandparents' occupatior/sGwaith eich rhieni a'ch nain a taid:

GrandparentsTaid a nain

FatherTad

MotherMam

GrandfatherTaid

GrandmotherNain

In BritainYm Mhrydain


6r3

SECTION 2: YOLIR DECISION TO EMIGRATE

RIIAN 2: EICH PENDERFTNIIO I YMFADO

Date of Arrival in Australia:

þ ddiad cy naedd Aw stralia :Month

MisYear

Blwyddyn2.1

2.2

2.3

Passage:Mynedfa:Were you:A ddaethoch:

(Ð Assisted by the Australian Government:Gyda chymorth y llywodraeth Awstralaidd?

(iÐ Non-assisted:Heb gymorth?

Indicate in order of priority (1,2,3,4,5) your reasons for coming:

Arwddwch yn oI trefn blaenoriaeth (1,2,3,4,5) eich rhesymnu dros ddod.

(Ð To join relatives here

I ymuno a theulu yma

(iÐ Economic reasons eg. to find employment(or more suitable employment):Rhesymau economegol e.e. i chwilio am waith(neu waith mwy qtfaddas):

(iii) To provide better educational or occupationalopportunities for your children:I roi gwell cyfle (addysgol neu alwedigaethol)i'r plant:

(iv) ClimateTyWdd

(v) Other (please specify):EraiII (rhowch fanylion)

I

I

6t4

2.4(i) Did you consider emigrating to any country other than Australia?Aystyriochymfudo i unrhyw wlad arall (heblaw Awstralia)?

YesDo Naddo

If your reply was 'yes', answer (ii) and (iii)Os 'do' atebwch (ii) a (iii)

Which country?Pa wlad?

Why did you prefer Australia?Paham oedd well gennych Awstralia?

Are you now pleased that you came to Australia?A ydych yn foddlon yn awr eich bod wedi dewis Awstralia?

No

(iÐ

(iii)

2.5

2.6

NoNac ydwyf

What in your opinion are the three main advantages for living in Aust¡alia?Beth yn eich barn chwi yw'r tair prif fanteision dros fyw yn Awstralia?

(Ð

(iiÐ

and disadvantages?A'r anfanteision?

(Ð

(iÐ

(iÐ

I

I

(iiÐ

615

2.7 Would you advise young people in Wales to emigrate here?

A gynghorech bobl ifanc yng Nghymru i ymfudo yma?

2.8

If you answered 'no' please explain briefly:Os ateboch 'na fuaswn', eglurwch os gwelwch yn dda.

Do you think your children have benefitted from coming?A dybiwch bod eich plant wedi ennill drwy ddod yma?

YesBuaswn

YesDo

YesOes

YesDo

NoNafuaswn

NoNaddo

NoNac oes

NoNaddo

If 'yes', in what way?Os 'do' ym mhaffordd?

Do you feel welcome here in Australia?A deimlwch bod croeso i chwi yma yn Awstralia?

2.9

2.t0 Have you ever considered returning to Wales to live?A ystyrioch ddychwelyd i Gymru i fyw ar unrhyw adeg?

whv?Paham?

I

¿

I

I

I

616

SECTION 3: YOLIR LINGUSTIC E)PERIENCE

RHAN 3: EICH PROFIAD IEITHYDDOL

What language/s did you: a) understand, b) speak, c) read and

d) write at the following age groups? (show your proficiency levelby placing a tick in the appropriate space).

Pa iaith/ieithoedd a fedrech: a) ddeall, b) siarad, c) ddarllen ac

ch) ysgriþnnu yn yr oedrannau canlynol? (danghoswch eich safon drwyroi marc yn y blwch priodol.

3.1

Age GroupOedran

Under

(Dans)

5-L2

12-20

UnderstandDeall

SpeakSiørad

ReadDarllen

WriteYsrifennu

5

Very WellYn dda iawn

WellYn ddaA littleYchydig

Not at allDim o gwbl

Very WellYn d.da iawn

WellYn ddaA littleYclrydig





Wela

Engb

Othc

Wela,

Engb

orh.c

Wela

Engb

oth.c

Wela,

Engb

oth.c

6t7

Age GroupOedran

Atpresent(Yn awr)

3.2

UnderstandDeall

Language:Iaith:

Proficiency in this language has

decreased through:Safon ynddi wedi disgynoherwydd:

Lack of parental supportDiffyS cymorth ganlyrhieni

Lack of practice (eg.

Outside the home)DtffyS ymarfer (e.e.

oddi cartrefl

Language not beingtaught at school.Dim cyfle i ddysgu'riaith yn yr ysgol

Language:Iaith:

Proficiency in this language has

increased through:Safon ynddi wedi codi oherwydd:

Parental supportCymorth fy rhieni

Opportunity to practice(eg. outside the home)Cjfle iymarfer (e.e.

Oddi cartrefl

Formal instruciton atschool.Addysç ffurfrol yn yrysgol.

SpeakSiarad

ReadDarllen

WriteYsgrifennu




Note: a : Welshb : Englishc : Other

If your overall proficiency in any of the languages you named has

substantially diminished or increased, please indicate in order ofpriority (I,2,3,4,5) what you consider to be the reasons for this:

Os bu eich safonyn gyffredinolyn un o'r ieithoedd a enwoch ddisgynneu godi yn sylweddol, arwyddwch yn ol trefu eu pwysgriwydd(1,2,3,4,5) beth a dybiwchyw'r rhesymau dros hyn:

Wela

Engb

oth.c

Wela

Engb

orh.c

Welà

Engb

Orh.c

Wela

Engb

Oth.c

6r8

Change of residenceNewid cyfeiriad

Other (please specifyArall (rhowch farry lion)

Husband/wifeY gwr/y wraig

Children (distinguishbetween older/youngerif necessary.Plant (gwahaniaethwchrhwng y plant hyn a'rieuengaf os rhaid).

Brother/s sister/sBrodyr/Chwiorydd

MotherMam

FatherTad

GrandparentsNain/Taid

Other relativesPerthnasau eraill

Welsh-speaking friendsFfrindiau yn gallusiarad Cymraeg

Always in:Bob amser yn:

Change of residenceNewid cyfeiriad

Other (please specifyAraII (rhowch fanylion)

Mainly in:Yn bennafyn

EE

3.3

Any other comment:U nrhyw sy lwadau eraill :

What language would you use when speaking to each of the following?Pa iaith a siaradwch gyda'r canlynol?

619

3.4

3.5

What languageis do you usually hear spoken by each of the following?Pa iaith/ieithoedd a ddefnyddir gan y canlynol?

a) When speaking to you b When speaking to othersI siarad gyda chwi (if different please

specify)I siarad gydag eraill (os

yn wahanol rhowchfanylion)

Husband/wifeY gwr/y wraig

Children (distinguishbetween older/youngerif necessary.Plant (gwahaniaethwchrhwng y plant hyn a'rieuengaf os rhaid).

Brotheris sisterisBrodyr/Chwiorydd

MotherMam

FatherTad

GrandparentsNain/Taid

Other relativesPenhnasau eraill

Welsh-speaking friendsFfrindiauyn gallusiarad Cymraeg

What language do you use when writing to your friends/relatives in Wales?Ym mha iaith yr ysgriftnnwch at eich ffrindiau/perthnasau yng Nghymru?

What langusge would you use when speaking to the same friends or relatives?Pa iaith a siaradech a hwy?

3.6

620

3.7

3.8

3.9

Would you speak in Welsh to another Welsh-speaking person in the presence

of non-Welsh speakers?A siaradech Gymraeg gyda Chymro arall yng nghwmni pobl ddi-Gymraeg?

If you have Welsh-born children indicate a) whether they were able tospeak Welsh at the time you left Wales, b) whether they still speak Welsh.Os oes gennych blant wedi ei geni yng Nghymru arwyddwch a) os ymedrent siarad Cjmraeg pan adawoch Gymru, b) os y siaradant Gymraegyn awr.

YesSiaradwn

NoNa Siaradwn

Nonacoedd

Yesoedd

Yesydyw

Nonac ydyw

lst childplentyncyntaf

2nd childail blenryn

3rd childtrydyddblentyn

EE

(Ð Have you encouraged your children to speak Welsh?A ddarbwylloch eich plant i siarad Cimraeg?

Very successfulLlwyddianus iawn

NoNaddo

Moderately successfulGweddol lwyddianus

No successDim llwyddiant

YesDo

(iÐ How successful have your efforts been in your opinion?Pa mor lwyddianus fu eichymdrechionyn eich barn chwi?

I

I

62t

(iiÐ Of the following means of support indicate in order of priority(I , 2, 3 , 4 , 5 ,) which you think would have helped you the most (had

they been available).Arwyddwch mewn trefn (eu blaenoriaeth) (1, 2, 3, 4, 5.) pamor effeithiol a fyddai'r math o gymorth canlynol wedi bod ichwi: (Pe baent ar gael)

Saturday/ethnic schoolYsgol'Sadwrn'

Welsh as a day-school subjectCymraeg fel pwnc yn yr ysgol ddyddiol

Welsh programmes on ethnic T,V./RadioRhaglenni Cymraeg ar y teledu radio

Reading material in Welsh in the librariesLlyfrau/papurau Cymraeg yn y llyfrgelloedd

A centrally located ' language centre' open to all age-groups

Canolfan laith' mewn safle cyfleus yn agored i bob oedran

How important is it in your opinion for a Welsh person to be able to speak

Welsh?Pa mor bwysig yw hi yn eich barn chwi bod Cymro yn medru siarad Cymraeg?

EEEEn

3.10

3.11

Very importantYn bwysig

YesDylai

Of some importanceYn weddol bwysig

Not important at allDim yn bwysig o gwbl

In your opinion should the Welsh have the same opportunities as otherethnic groups to maintain and/or learn their language here in Australia?Yn eich barn chwi a ddylai'r Cymry gael yr un cyfle a'r grwpiau ethnig

eraill i gadw a/neu (d)dys7u eu hiaith yma yn Awstralia?

NoNa ddylai

622

3.L2 How important is it to you personally that the Welsh language shouldsurvive?Pa mor bwysig yw hi i chwi yn bersonol bod ir ' Hen laith barhau'?

Very importantYn bwysig iawn


Not importantDimyn bwysig

623

SECTION 4: YOUR SOCIAL LIFE

RHAN 4: EICH BYWYD CYMDEITHASOL

4.L (Ð Do you belong to any informal social group? (eg. a group of friends whomeet fairly regularly at each other's home, in the pub etc.)A ydych yn perthyn i unrhyw grwp cymdeithasol hollol anffurfiol?(e.e. cylch o ffrindiau yn cyfarfod yn weddol gyson yn un o'u cartrefi,yny dafarn etc.)

(iÐ Are they:Beth ydynt yn bennaf.

Mainly Welsh?cymry?

Mainly British?Prydeinwyr?

Other?Arall?

(iiÐ What are their common interests?Beth yw eu diddordebau cYffredinol?

(iv) How important is membership of this group to you?

Pa mor bwysig yw aelodaeth y grwp yma i chwi?


NoNac yswyf


Not importantDimyn bwysig

EEE

624

(v) What percentage (approximately) of the group is 'Welsh-speaking?(in your opinion)Ntler (y canran brasgywir) ohonynt a fedr siarad Cymraeg? (yn eichbarn chwi).

Under 10%Dan 10%

r0-19% 20-29%

4.2

30-39% 40-49%

Do you belong to any formal groups, or organisations?A ydych yn perthyn i unrhyw glybiau ney gymdeithasau?

NoNac ydwyf

over 50%Dros 50%

over 5O%Dros 50%

YesYdwl

Name/titleEnw/teitl

How long have you been a member?Pa hydy buochyn aelod?

Type of activities?Math o raglen?

What percentage (approximately) of the club/society is Welsh-speaking?Ntfer (y canranfrasgywir) ohonynt afedr siarad Cymraeg?

Under 10%Dan 10%

t0-t9% 20-29%


Fairly importantYn weddol bwysig

Not importantDimyn bv,rysig

E30-39% 40-49%

625

4.3

4.4

Do you think your social life here in Australia is:A dybiwch bod eich bywyd cymdeithasol ymayn Awstralia:

As good as that in Wales?

Gystal ag yng Nghymry?

BetterYn weII?

Not as goodDim cystal

What in your opinion would be the main difference?Beth yn eich barn chwi yw'r gwahaniaeth mwyaf?

Have you any close relatives here in Australia?A oes gennych berthnasau agos yma yn Awstralia?

YesOes

NoNac oes

How often do you see them?Pa mor aml y gwelwch hwy?

Very oftenYn aml iawn

InfrequentlyAnaml

Hardly everBron byth

To whom would you first turn if you needed help?

Gan bwy yr ymofynnech gymorth yn gyntaf?

Family?Teulu?

4.5

626

4.6

Friends?Ffrindiau?

Welfare organisation?Y wladwriaeth les?

Please fill in the following details on your three closest friends:Rhowch y manylion canlynol am eich tri ffrindiau goreu os gwelwch yn dda

Place of birthLIe genedigol

First languageIaith gyntaf

OccupationSwydd

Where you metMan qfarfod

EE

EE

627

SECTION 5: ASSIMILATION AND IDENTITY

RHAN 5: CYDWEDDIAETH A HI]NANIAETH

5.1 How interested were you (before you left Wales) in the following aspects ofWelsh national and cultural life?Beth oedd mesur eich diddordeb (cyn gadael Cymru) yn yr agweddaucanlynol o lyWd a diwylliant Cymru?

Very interestedDiddordeb mawr

PoliticsGwleidyddiaeth

Political party you usually supportedY blaid wleidyddol a gefnogech: enwyn arferol:

EducationAddysg

ReligionCrefydd

Demonination you belonged to:Eich enwad: enw

The NationalEisteddfodYr EisteddfodGenedlaethol

The InternationalEisteddfodEisteddfodLlangollen

Welsh Folk MusicMiwsig gwerinCymreig

Welsh Pop MusicMiwsig'pop'Qtmraeg

Some interestRhyw ddiddordeb

No interestDim diddordeb

Name

Name

628

<)

Welsh literatiureLlerryddiaethCymraeg

The condition of theWelsh languageSrad yr lairh Gymraeg ESportSport

How interested are you (at present) in the following aspects of WelshNational and cultural life?Beth yw mesur eich diddordeb (yn awr) yn yr agweddau canlynol o

lywyd a diwylliant Cymru?




PoliticsGwleidyddiaeth

EducationAddysg

ReligionCrefydd

The NationalEisteddfodYr EisteddfodGenedlaethol

The InternationalEisteddfodEisteddfodLlangollen

Welsh Folk MusicMiwsig gwerinCymreig

Welsh Pop MusicMiwsig'pop'Cymraeg

EE

629

5.3

The condition of theWelsh languageStad yr laith Gymraeg

Welsh literatiureLlenyddiaethCymraeg

SportSport

How intersted are you in the following aspects of Australian national and

cultural life?Beth yw mesur eich diddordeb yn agweddau canlynol o lywyd a diwylliantAwstralia?

EE

EnE

EEE

EE


PoliticsGwleidyddiath

Political party you usually supported:Y blaid wleidyddol a gefnogechyn arferol: Enw

EducationAddysg

ReligionCrefydd

Church you usually attend:(leave blank if you do not go to church)Name and denomination:Yr eglwys ewch iddi:(dim angen ateb os nad ewch)Enw a'r enwad

Cultural Festivalseg. the AdelaideFestivalGvryliau Diwylliannole.e. GwyI Adelaide

The theatreY Theaff



Name

EE E

630

5.4

The CinemaY sinemn

Classical MusicMiwsig clasurol

Pop musicMiwsig Pop

SportSport

Welsh Cultural lifein AustraliaDiwylliant Cymreig ynAwstralia

By which of the following national labels do you wish to be recognised?Wrth ba un o'r 'labeli' cenedlaethol canlynol y dymunwch gael eich adnabod?

In WalesYng Nghymru


WelshCymro

B¡itishPrydeiniwr

Welsh-AustralianCymro-Awstralaidd

Australian V/elshAwstralydd Cymreig

It makes no difference to me

Dim gwahaniaeth gennyf

nEEEE

EEEEE

631

5.5 How important in your opinion are the following indicators of'Welshness'? (ie. what 'makes' a person Welsh?)Yn eich barn chwi pa mor bwysig yw'r nodweddion canlynol o'Gymreictod'? (h.y.beth a'wneir' Cymro neu Gymraes?

(Ð Ability to speak Welsh vitally importantyn holl bwysig

Y gallu i siaradCymraeg important

yn bwysig

not lmportantdim yn bwysig

(iÐ Ability to read andwrite Welsh

vitally importantyn holl bwysig

Y gallu i ddarllen asiarad Cymraeg

importantyn bwysig

not importantdim yn bwysig

(iii) Having a knowledge ofWelsh literature


gwybodaeth olenyddiaeth Cymraeg

importantyn bwysig

not impofiantdim yn bwysig

(iv) Having Welsh parentsbod y rhieni yn Gymry


lmportantyn bwysig

not importantdimyn bwysig

632

III


(v) Having been born in WalesBod yn enedigol o Gymru

importantyn bwysig


III


(vi) Consciousness of beingWelsh

importantyn bwysigYmwybodaeth o fod

yn Gymronot rmportantdim yn bwysig

III


(vii) Affiliation (eg. cultural)with Wales

importantyn bwysig

Cy sylltiad (ee. diwylliannol)a Chymru


II

(viii Having a Welsh accent

Yn meddu acen Gymreigvitally importantyn holl bwysig

importantyn bwysig


(ix) Having a knowledge/appreciation of:

Yn meddu gwybodaeth o (ac

yn gwerthfawrogi):

the history of Waleshanes Cymru

vitally importantyn holl bwysig I

633

importantyn bwysig


- The geography ofWales


ddearyddiaeth Cymru importantyn bwysig


V/elsh customs and

traditionsvitally importantyn holl bwysig

arferion athraddodiadauCymru

importantyn bwysig


songs and musicof rüales

vitally importantyn holl bv,rysig

ganeuon a miwsigCymru

importantyn bwysig


IIIIIIIII

II

(x) Having a respect forelderly people


Yn parchu hen bobl importantyn bwysig


III

634

(xi) Having close friends whoare Welsh


Bod ffrindiau agosyn Gymry

importantyn bwysig


I

I(xii) Having close family ties vitally important

yn holl bwysigBod yn agos at y teulu

importantyn bwysig


I

I(xiii Being a chapeli

church goervitally importantyn holl bwysig

Yn mynd i'r capel/eglwys

importantyn bwysig

not lmportantdimyn bwysig

(xiv) Having a knowledge ofWelsh hymns


Gwybodaeth oemynau Cymraeg

importantyn bwysig


I

(xv) Having a knowledge ofthe Bible


Gwybodaeth o'rBeibl

importantyn bwysig

not importantdimyn bwystg

I

(xvi) Love of the Old Country vitally importantyn holl bwysig

Cariad tuag at yrHen Wad' tmportant

yn bwysig


63s

5.ó

5.7

In your opinion, have the Welsh in Australia:Yn eich barn chwi a yw'r Cymry yn Awstralia:

Yesco

NoNaddo

(Ð Fully assimilated and are nolonger recognizable as an ethnic group?Wedi cydweddu cymaint fel na'uhadnabyddir bellach fel Srwpethnigol?

(iÐ Not assimilated at all?Heb gydweddu o gwbl?

(iii) Have assimilated to some extentbut retain their ethnic identities?Wedi cydweddu i raddau ondyn cadw eu hunaniaeth ethnigol?

Name any 3 Welsh national characteristics that are known here in Australia:Enwch 3 o nodweddion bywyd Cymru a adnabyddir yma yn Awstralia:

(Ð

(iÐ

(iii)

636

5.8 Do you think the following Welsh proverbs are true?A dybinch bod y diarhebion Cymraeg canlynol yn gywir?

"Cas gwr na char y wlad a'i mnco"(despicable is the person who does

not love the land of his birth).

"Cenedl heb iaith cenedl heb galon"(a nation without a language is anation without a soul).

"Goreu Cymro, Cymro oddi-cartref"(the best Welshman is a Welshman in exile).

TrueC\wir

UntrueAnghywir

EE

APPENDIX XXIX

SUPPLEMENTARY QT]ESTIONNAIRE

LANGUAGE USE AI\D MAINTENANCE

IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOL IN

WALES A¡ID/OR AUSTRALIA

ON

637

TO BE AIISWERED BYWELSH.BORN MIGRNATSWHO ARRIVED IN AUSTRALIABEFORE TIIE AGE OF 12

ORBY AUSTRALIAN.BORNCHILDREN OF \ryELSHPARENTAGE

Directions

(i) This is a questionnaire about your language experience at school

(iÐ Please answer all questions which apply to you as fully as you can

(iiÐ Place a tick in the appropriate box where necessary

RESEARCHER'S USE ONLY

QUESTIONNAIRE NO

ATE

638

SECTION 1: Personal Details

1. Date of birth: t.....1.....2

3

Place of birth:

Sex Male Female

4. Present address:

5. Schools attended: (give location):

(i)

(iÐ

(iii)

6. Present occupation: (if still at school please indicate name of school and yearyou are in):

E

639

SECTION 2: Speaking, Reading and Writing

A. Before School

1. BEFORE IWENTTO SCHOOL I

USUALLY SPOKE

2. Did you speak any other language at this time?

Yes

Indicate which language and to whom:

TO MY FATHER

TO MY MOTHER

TO MY BROTHER/srsTER(s)TO MY GRAND-FATHERTO MY GRAND-MOTHERTO MY FRIENDS

LANGUAGE

No

TO WHOM

E

Think back to the language or languagesyou used and heard before you went toschool and answer the following questions

640

3 BEFORE YOU WENT TO SCHOOL WHICH LANGUAGE DID EACHOF THE FOLLOWING USUALLY SPEAK TO YOU:

FATHER?

MOTHER?

BROTHER(S)isrsTER(S)?GRANDFATHER?

GRANDMOTHER?

CLOSEST FRIEND?

B. PRIMARY SCHOOL IN WALES

1. Did you attend primary school in Wales?

Yes No

E E[if you answered 'no' proceed to Section C]

2. Name of school

Date you entered:

Date you left: tl3 What language did you consider to be your first language (i.e the

one you spoke most fluently and naturally) when you mtqred this school?

V/hat language did you consider to be your first language (i.e' the

one you spoke most fluently and naturally) when you left this school?

IN CLASS which language did you speak in a) your first year and

b) your final year at the school to:4

64r

LANGUAGEMainly in Sometimes in

your teacher/sFIRST YEAR

your friends?

FINAL YEAR al,your teacher/s

your friends

IN CLASS which language did most of your teachers usuallyspeak to you:

LANGUAGE

IN YOUR FIRSTYEAR

IN YOUR FINALYEAR

6. AT RECESS which language did you and your friends usually speak:

IN YOUR FIRSTYEAR

IN YOUR FINALYEAR

7. What language/s were you taught (as school subjects) at primary school?

8. What was the lesson - time (in hours per week) spent on each language?

Language Lesson time (hours per week)

f)r

5

642

9. If you were taught more than one language which did you enjoy the most?

C. SECONDARY SCHOOL IN WALES

1. Did you attend secondary school in Wales?

Yes

[if you answered 'no' proceed to Section D]

2. Name of school:

No

643

Sometimes in

E

Date you entered

4

FIRST YEAR ,t

,)l

3

Date you left:

What language did you consider to be your ¡lirst language when youentered this school?

What language did you consider to be your first language when youleft this school?

IN CLASS which language did you speak in a) your first and

b) in your final year at the school to:

LAIIGUAGEMainly in

your teacher/s

your friends?

your teacher/sFINAL YEAR

your friend/s

644

5. IN CLASS which language did most of your teachers usually speak to you

IN YOUR FIRSTYEAR

\-

IN YOUR FINALYEAR

6. AT RECESS which language did you and your friends usually speak:

IN YOUR FIRSTYEAR

IN YOUR FINALYEAR

7. AT HOME which language did you usually speak:

When you were inFIRST year of primaryschool?

When you were in theFINAL year of primaryschool

8. V/hat language/s were you taught (as school subjects) at primary school?

What was the lesson-time (in hours per week) spent on eachlanguage?

Language Lesson Time (approx. no. of hrs)

9

10. If you were taught more than one language which did you enjoy the most?

645

D. AT SCHOOL IN AUSTRALIA

1. What school did you first attend in Australia?

2. How old were you when you entered this school?

What language/s did you a) understand, b) speak, c) read, andd) write, when you first entered this school? (Show your abilitylevel by placing a tick in the appropriate box).

UNDERSTAND SPEAK

3

Very Well

Well

A Linle

Not at all

Very V/ell

Well

A Little

Not at all

WELSH ENGL. OTHER

READ

WELSH ENGL. OTHER

WELSH ENGL OTHER

WRITE

V/ELSH ENGL. OTHER

4. V/hat languages were you taught at this school?

(Ð

(ii)

(iii)

5 Were you interested in continuing (or commencing) the study ofV/elsh at this stage? (ie. when you fîrst went to school in Australia)

YES NO

6. If you answered 'yes' show in order of preference (1,2,3,4) howyou would have liked it to have been taught:

(Ð as a school subject

(iÐ at Saturday (or ethnic) school

(iiÐ at a centrally locatedlanguage centre

(iv) other (please specify)

What language/s did you a) understand, b) speak, c) read and

d) write IN YOUR FINAL YEAR OF SCHOOLING in Australia?(Show your ability level by placing a tick in the appropriate box)'

UNDERSTAND SPEAK

V/ELSH ENGL. OTHER

646

V/ELSH ENGL OTHER

EtlE

7

Very Well

V/ell

A Little

Not at all

Very Well

Well

A Little

Not at all

READ

WELSH ENGL. OTHER

647

WRITE

WELSH ENGL. OTHER

8 Do you feel your parents encouraged you to learn (and/ or maintainyour knowledge of) Welsh?

YES NO

9. If you answered 'No' why do you think they chose not to?

10. In your opinion is there any reason to maintain the Welsh language inAustralia?

YES NO Reason:

L1. In your opinion is there any reason to maintain the Welsh language inWales?

YES NO Reason:

12. V/ill you (or do you) encourage your own children to learnWelsh?

E

YES NO

APPENDIX XXX

648

Department of Education,University of Adelaide.

Adran Addysg,Prífysgol Adelaide.

Questionnaire Survey of Welsh Societies in Australia

Archwiliad Holiadur O Gymdeithasau

Cymreig Awstralia.

1988/9.

I Official name of your society/organisation.Enw swy ddo gol eich cymdeithas / clwb

Do you have a written constitution?A oes gennych gyfansoddiad ys grifenedig ?

NoNac Oes

Is the constitution written in:A yw'r cyfansoddiad wedi ei ysgrifennu.

English?Yn Saesneg?

649

Both?Yng Nghymraega

Year of foundation.Blwyddyn sefydliad

Names and addresses of other branches (if applicable)Enwau a chyfeiriadau canghennau eraill os yn berthnasol

(i)

(iÐ

(iiÐ

2

YesOes

3

V/elsh?Yng Nghymraeg

Be Welsh-born?Yn enedigol o Gymru?

Have a Welsh ancestry?O drais Cymreig?

?E4 Does the constitution state that members shall:

A yw'r cyfansoddiad yn datgan bod yr aelodau i fod'

YesYdywNo

Nac ydywYes

YdywNo

Nac ydyw

650

Welsh born?(Enedigol

o Gymry?)

Australian-bornof Welsh descent?

(Yn Awstraliado drais Cymreig?)

Australian?(Awstraliad?)

YesYdywNo

Nac ydyw

YesMedr

Nona fedr

British?(Brydeinwr?)

Have any association with Wales?Yn gysylltiedig a Chymru?

Is the President of your societY:A yw Llywydd eich cymdeithas yn:

E5

Does he/she speak V/elsh?(A fedr siarad Cymraeg?)

7

6. No. of registered members of your society:Rhilyr aelodau ar eich cofrestr:

Average attendance:Yn bresennol ar gyfartaledd

How often do you meet?Pa mor aml y byddwch yn cYfarfod?

and where?ac ym mha Ie?

8 Of the members who usually attend, what percentage (approximately)

afe:O'r aeloday a ddaw yn weddol gyson pa ganran $n frasgywir)sydd yn yr oedran:

Under 30 years old?Dan 30 mlwydd oed?

30-50?

over 50?

Dros 50?

33

9

651

What percentage (approximately) of the members who usually attend areWelsh - speaking?Pa ganran (yn frasgywir) o'r aelodau selog sydd yn gallu Siarad Cymraeg?

0-t0% 4r - so%

tt - 20% Over 50%Dros 50%

2r - 40%

10. Briefly describe a typical evening's programme of activities.Disgrifiwch (yn lyr) raglen nodweddiadol o unrhyw gyfarfod

11. V/hat do you do on a regular basis that is specifically Welsh in character?

Beth a wnewch yn weddol gyson sydd yn neilltuol Gymreig?

L2. Has your society ever conducted Welshlanguage classes?A drefnwyd gwersi Cymraeg gan eichcymdeithas ar unrhyw amser?

YesDo

NoNaddo

and presently?ac yn awr?

13. Is the maintenance of the Welsh language one ofthe aims of your society?A yw cadw'r iaith Gymraeg yn lyw yn un oamcanion eich cymdeithas ?

YesDo

NoNaddo

YesYdyw

NoNac ydyw

6s2

Further comment:Gair ymhellach:

L4. How did your society celebrate St David's Dayin 1988?Sut y dathlwyd Gvvyl Ddewi gan eich qmdeithasyn 1988?

Any other comments are welcomeCroe sawir unrhyw sy lwadau y chwane gol

653

APPENDIX XXXI

0RAL N,reMOIR GUIDE QUBSTTONS

CWESTIYNAU I HWYTUSO CWBLHAU'R ITUNA}{GOFIAIVTLLAFAR

(i)

(iÐ

What language did you normally speak as achild? And now?

If Welsh was your mother tongue

At what age did you become fluent inEnglish?

What language did you use after thatage

At home?At school?In the street?In chapel/church?

What other languages do you:

understand?speak?read?write?

What language do you normally speak:

(i) To your wife/husband

(ii) To your children?(distinguish between older/youngerchildren if necessary).

(iiÐ To your parents?

(iv) Your friends?

With which language, Welsh or English, doyou feel most comfortable?

Do you consider yourself to be bilingual?What does this mean to you?

Do you feel that your command of Welsh hasdeteriorated over the years?

What do you think brought this about? Beth yn eich barn chwi yw/r rheswm am hyn?

654

PART 1 : LANGUAGERHAN 1: IAITH

TIIE LINGUISTIC SYSTEM(Y GYFUNDREFN IEITHYDDOL)

Pa iaith oeddechyn siaradyn rheolaiddfelplenryn? Ac yn awr?

Os Cjmraeg oedd eich mamiaith:

(i) Beth oedd eich oed pan ddaethoch isiarqd Saesneg yn rhwydd?

(ii) Pa iaith a ddefnyddioch wedi hyn

Gartef?Yn yr ysgol?Yn y stryd?Yn y capel/eglwys?

Pa ieithoedd eraill a fedrwch

ddeall?siarad?ddarllen?ysgrifennu?

Pa iaith a siaradwch yn arferol?

(i) A'ch gwraig/gwr?

A'ch plant?(gwahaniaethwch rhwng y plant hyna'r ieuengaf os rhaid).

(iii) A'ch rhieni?

(iv) A'ch ffindiau?

Ym mha iaith, Clmraeg neu Saesneg, yteimlwch yn fu cartreþI?

A ydych chwi yn ddwyieithog?Beth yw ystyr hyn i chwi?

Ydych chwi'n teimlo fod eich meistriolaeth ary Gymraeg wedi dirywio yn ystod yblynyddoedd?

(ii)

V-t.

Do you regret this? (to a positive reply)

Would you take steps to improve yourcommand of Welsh if the means wereavailable?

What should these means be in your opinion?

Do your children speak Welsh?

Does this concern you? (to a negative reply)

V/ould you encourage them to learn Welsh ifthe means were available? (eg Welsh classes)

What means would you suggest?

Some ethnic groups in Australia have:

(Ð Ethnic schools and/or

(iÐ Radio programmes and/or

(iiÐ Television programmes

Do you think the Welsh should make moreuse of these facilities?

Is there any point in maintaining Welsh

(a) In Wales(b) In Australia

Do you know anyone who is Welsh-speaking?

Tell me about your (or your children's) schoolexperiences in Australia.

In the light of what you've told me, whatchanges would you suggest?

655

A yw hyn yn edifer gennych? (I atebcadarnhaol)

A fyddech yn barod i wella eich gwybodaetho'r Gymrceg pe bae modd?

Beth ddylai'r modd fod yn eich barn chwi?

Ydyw eich plant yn siara.d Çtmraeg?

A yw hynyn eich poeni? (i ateb negyddol)

Annogech chwi hwy i ddysgu Cymraeg pe baemodd? (ee dosbarthiadau Cjmraeg)

Pafodd a awgrymwch?

Mae gan rai o'r grwpiau ethnig yn Awstralia:

(Ð Ysgolion "ethnig" a/neu

(ii) Raglenni radio a/neu

(íii) Raglenni teledu

A ddylai'r Cjmry wneud mwy o ddefnydd o'rcyfleusterau yma?

Oes unrhyw werth mewn cadw'r C)mraeg

(a) Yng Nghymru(b) Yn Awstralia?

A wyddoch am rhywun sydd yn siaradCjmraeg?

þwedwch wrthyf am eich profiadau addysgol(neu rai eich plant) yn Awstalia.

Yn ol yr hyn a ddywedoch, pa newidia.dau agynghorech?

(a)(b)

Have you any relatives here in Australia?Where do they live?How often do you visit or contact them?

Would you regard your family as a close one?If so, what makes it 'close'?If not, why is this?

Have you any close relatives in Wales:How often would you contact them by letteror phone?

Do you regard yourself as a strict parent?

Would you relationship with your children bedifferent if you were living in Wales?In what way?

In what ways have they:

Benefited?Been disadvantaged by theirAustralian upbringing?

Talk briefly about your circle of friends.

Who do you consider to be your closestfriends?

Have you deliberately sought out Welshpeople as friends?

Do you keep in touch with friends in Wales?

How often would you and your friends gettogether on informal occasions?

Do you belong to any clubs, groups,organisations?

How long have you been a member?

How did you come to join?

Type of activities?

6s6

PART II : FAMILY AND SOCIAL LIFERHAN II : BYWYD TET]LUOL A CYMDEITHASOL

(Trm socrAl SYSTEM)(Y GYFI.JNDREFN GYMDEITHASOL)

(a)(b)

A oes gennych berthnasau yma yn Awstralia?Ble maent yn byw?Pa mor aml yr ymwelwch a hwy?

A feddyliwch am eich teulu fel un 'agos'?Os ydyw, beth a'i gwneir yn 'agos'?Os nac ydyw, paham mae hynyn bod?

Oes gennych berthnasau agos yng Nghymru?Pa mor aml yr ysgrifennwch nryfi neu yffoniwch hwy?

A ystyriwch eich hunan fel tad (mam) 'caled'?

A fuasai eich perthynas a'ch plant yn wahanolpe baech yn byw yng Nghymru?Ym mhaffordd?

Ym mhaffordd y bu iddynt.

Ennill?Golli o gael eu magu yn Awstalia?

Soniwch ychydig am eich ffrindiau yma.

Pwy a ysryriwch fel eich ffindiau agosaf?

A oes gennych ffindiau Awstralaidd? Faint?

A ydych yn cysylltu a'ch ffindiau yngNghymru?

Pa mor aml y dowch chi a'ch flrindiau ynghydar achlysuron anfurfiol?

Aydychyn aelod o unrhyw gbwb, ddosbarthnew gymdeithas?

Pa lryd y buoch yn aelod?

Beth wnaeth i chi ymuno?

Math o raglen?

6s7

Do you attend regularly?

Would you change it's organisation in anyway?

Did you belong to any club/society in Wales?

Do you think the Welsh community in thisstate is a close-knit one?

Do you regard this as a good or a bad thing?

A ewch yn rheolaidd?

A fuasech yn newid ei drefniant mewn unrhywffordd?

A oeddech ln aelod a glwb/gymdeithas yngNghymru?

A gredwch fod y gyrndeithns Gymreig yn ydalaith yma yn un agos?

A'i peth da new ddrwg yw hyn?

(Ð(iÐ

When you were living in V/ales did you feel

Welsh?British?Both?

Explain.

And here in Australia?

Explain further.

If someone called you 'English' would youcorrect the person concerned?

Do you think the Welsh are well-known as an

ethnic group:

Here in Australia?Elsewhere?

Have you been called a 'Pom'?

If so, were you offended? WhY?

Do you think someone who callshimself/herself 'Welsh' should be able tospeak Welsh?

If not, what makes him/her Welsh?

With whom would you feel most at home

An Englishman (or other national)who speals Welsh?

A non-English speaking Welshperson?

Tell me why.

What image do you think people have of theWelsh?

(i)

(iÐ

Do you think this image is correct?

6s8

PART III : IDENTITYRHAN III : HUNANIAETH

(Trü TDEOLOGICAL SYSTEM)(Y GYFUNDREFN IDEOLEGOL)

(Ð(ii)

Pan oeddech yn byw yng Nghymra afeddyliech amdanoch eich hynfel:

Cjmro?Prydeiniwr?Y ddau?

Eglurwch.

Ac yma yn Awstralia?

Eglurwchym mhellach.

A fuasech yn cywiro rlrywun a gyfeiria atoch

fel'Sais'?

A dybiwch fod y Cymry yn adnabyddus felgrwp ethnigol:

Ymayn Awstalia?Mewn gwledydd eraill?

A gyfeiriwyd atochfel 'Pom' ar unrhywachlysur?

A oedd yr enw yn atg6 i chwi? Paham?

A ddyler Clmro neu Gymraes fedru siaradQmraeg?

Os na fedr beth a'i gwneir yn Gymro (yn

Gymraes)?

A pa un o'r canlynol y teimlwch Yn lwYcartreþI:

Sais (new unrþw wladwr arall) afedr siarad Qmraeg?

Clmro DïGjmraeg?

þwedwchy rheswm.

Beth yn eich meddwl chi Yw'r darlunpoblogaidd o'r Cimry?

A dybiwch fod y darlun Yma Yn gYwir?

(Ð

(ii)

6s9

Do you f,rt this image yourself?

Do you feel welcome here in Australia?

Do you take an interest in V/elsh politicallife?

What is your opinion on the activities of theWelsh Language Sociery?

Do you children belong to any clubs orsocieties?

How does your social life here in Australiacompare with that in Wales?

Should the Welsh look for Welsh marriagepartners?

How likely is it that the Welsh will survive as

a separate ethnic group in Australia?

A ydych chi yn debyg i'r disgrifiad yma?

A ydych yn teimlo bod croeso i chi ymy ynAwstalia?

A gymerwch ddiddordeb ym mywydgwleidyddol Qtmru?

Beth yw eich barn o ymdrechion Çtmdeithasyr laith?

A ydyw eich plant yn perthyn i unrhyw glwbneu gymdeithas?

Sut mae eich bywyd cymdeithasol yma ynAwstralia yn cymharu a'r un yng Nghymru?

A dþlair C\mry briodi cyd-Gymry?

Pa mor debyg yw hi i'r Clmry barhau felgrwp ethnig gwahanol yn Awstralia?

What do you usually do in your leisure time?

What social or cultural activities that are

specifically Welsh do you take part in?

Do you receive any newspapers, books'videos etc. from V/ales?

How often and in what circumstances to youread and/or speak Welsh?

Would you borrow Welsh books ornewspapers if they were available in yourlocal library?

Do you look out for any programmes aboutWales on the radio (or television) here inAustralia (eg Welsh language f,rlms on SBS)?

Do you have any interest in the culruralactivities of the Scots or the lrish?

Have you ever visited one of their clubs orsocieties?

Was the chapel an important part of your lifein Wales?

How often did you go?

And now?

Would you attend a Welsh chapel if there wasone near to where you live?

Would you send your children?

Have you a Welsh Bible?

What is your opinion of the following?

The Welsh Language Act (1967)

The Referendum on Devolution(March lst, 1979)

Channel S 4 C

The Welsh-medium schools

660

PART IV : OTIIER ASPECTS OF CULTURERHAN IV : (AGWEDDAU ERAILL O DDIWYLLIANT)

Beth a hoffwch wneud yn eich amserhamdden?

Ym mhn weithgareddau cymdeitlusol neu

ddiw yllíanol hynodol Gymreig y cymerwchran?

A dderbyniwch bapurau newydd, ffiau,ffiImiau teledu etc o Gymru?

Pa mor aml ac ym mla achlysur y darllenwch(neu siaradwch) Gymraeg ?

A fenthycech ffiau new bapurau Clmraeg pebaent ar gael yn eich llyfrgell leol?

A edrychcwh ym arbennig am raglenni arGymru ar y radio neu'r teledu YmaYnAwstralia (e.e. ffiImiauyng Nghymraeg arsBs) ?

Pa ddiddordeb sydd gennych ym trywyddiwytliannol yr Albaenwyr neu'r Gtvyddelod?

A ymweloch ag un o'u cYmdeithasau arunrþw adeg?

A oedd y capel yn røn bwysig o'ch bywyd yngNgymru?

Pa mor aml yr aethoch?

Ac yn awr?

Pe bae capel Gymraeg Yma a fuasech Yndebyg o fynd iddo?

A fuasech yn gymt'r Plant?

A oes gennych Feibl Cimraeg?

Bethyw eich barn o'r canlYnol?

Deddf Yr laith GYmraeg (1967)

Y Reþrendwm Dadganoli (Mawrth IaÍ, 1979)

Sianel S 4 Clmru

Yr Ysgolion Clmraeg

66t

rWhat do you know about the followingindividuals?

Lloyd GeorgeGwynfor EvansMax BoyceDaffdd IwanAngharad Tomos

Australia is described as a multiculturalsociety. What does this mean to you as aWelsh person?

Beth a wyddoch am yr unigolion canlynol?

Lloyd GeorgeGwynfor EvansMax BoyceDafydd lwanAngharad Tomos

Gelwir Awstraliayn gymdeithas o amlddiwylliant. Beth a olygir hyn i chi fel Clmro(Cjniraes)?

662

APPENDIX XXXII(a)

The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001

AN IIYVITATION TO WRITE A MEMOIR

Dear

You may remember completing a questionnaire some time ago on yourexperiences as a Welsh person in Australia. Your answers have been a valuablecontribution to my research programme on Welsh migrants and I thank you foryour time and effort.

Having previously asked you to ansrwer such a lengthy document it is withsome hesitation, therefore, that I now invite you to write a memoir. A memoir inthis instance is defined as a brief autobiography which focuses especially on yourcultural and social experiences, and on )¡our related feelings and attitudes. It is anextremely valuable tool of social research since it provides direct insight into themeaning of experiences for individuals and is, in this sense, one of the buildingblocks of history.

My main interest is the cultural identity of the Welsh migrant before andafter arrival in Australia. I am also interested in the efforts made to keep Welshculture alive in this country and to pass it on to the next generation. Thisinvitation is therefore extended not only to Welsh migrants but to theirchildren who were born here or arrived at an early age. What does it mean tosay that you are 'Welsh' and to what extent is it possible to remain 'Welsh' inAustralia? These are important questions which few of us face; certainly werarely put pen to paper on these matters. However, the exercise is valuable bothfor its own sake and for the light which it may throw on Welsh migrant experiencein Australia in the twentieth century.

Please do not be too concerned about the literary merit of your memoir;the main requirement is that it be a frank and accurate record of your experiencesand of how you felt (and feel) about them. It may be as long or as short as youcare to make it.

It goes without saying that everything you write will be used for researchpurposes only, and will be considered strictly confidential. Any quotations used

will be anonymous. As you see, I am enclosing some broad guidelines on thepossible content of your memoir. These are in no way prescriptive and you may,of course, choose to disregard them.

I thank you for your assistance,

Yours sincerely,

ARTHUR F. HUGHES

663

APPENDTX XXXII(b)

Prifysgol Adelaide, Adelaide, De Awstralia' 5001

GWAHODDIAD I YSGRIFENI\U HT]NANGOFIANT BYR

Annwyl

Fe gofiwch ateb holiadur, beth amser yn ol, ar eich profiadau fel Cymroneu Gymraes yn byw yn Awstralia. Bu eich atebion o werth mawr i mi yn fyngwaith ymchwil ar ymfudwyr Cymreig. Diolch am eich amser a'ch cyfraniad.

Ymddiheuraf felly am alw arnoch unwaith eto - y tro yma i ysgrifennuhunangofiant byr gyda'r pwrpas o ymlaethu ar eich atebion yn yr holiadur. Ganfod yr ymchwil yn canolbwyntio ar fywyd cymdeithasol a diwylliannol gofynnir ichwi roi pwyslais ar yr agweddau yma. Hoffwn wybod hefyd sut mae'r plant wedisetlo i lawr. Os oeddynt yn siarad Cymraeg cyn dod beth yw'r sefyllfa erbyn hyn?A oes unrhyw obaith cadw'r iaith yn ffw yma yn Awstralia? A ydych chi (a'rplant) yn dal i fod yn ymwybodol o'ch Cymreictod?

Anelir yn fwy na dim at gael cofnod llawn ac agored o'ch profiadau felymfudwr Cymreig yn Awstralia. Mae rheswm i gredu mai dyma'r cycfle olaf iwneud hyn gan fod nifer ymfudwyr o Gymru a fedr siarad yr iaith Gymraeg ynlleihau o flwyddyn i flwyddyn. Ychydig iawn erbyn hyn o Gymry Cymraeg syddyn dod i Awstralia.

V/rth gwrs ystyrir eich ysgrif yn hollol gyfrinachol. Ni ddefnyddir eichenw mewn unrhyw amgylchiad heb eich caniatad. Amgeuaf gynllun i'chcynorthwyo ond mae croeso i chi ysgrifennu fel y mynoch.

Diolch o galon am eich cyfraniad

Arthur F. Hughes(o Dal-y-Sarn, Gwynedd)

664

APPENDIX XXXIII

WRITTEN MEMOIR

GUIDELINES

665

SUGGESTED GUIDELINES

The following are only guidelines; they are not prescriptive in any way. Feel freeto include your own ideas and insights.

Childhood Experience

Date of birth?

Where were you born and brought up?

Home Life

What was the language of the home?

If you spoke Welsh were you aware of being in a minority and ofbeing 'different'?

How did you feel in the company of non-Welsh-speakers?

If you were not Welsh-speaking, did you ever feel inclined to learnthe Welsh language? Did you have any encouragement in thisdirection? What was your attitude towards Welsh-speakers? Didyou consider yourself to be 'Welsh? If so, in what way?

Do you now think you had a 'Vy'elsh' upbringing? What was it thatmade it 'V/elsh' in your opinion? Do you now wish that you hadbeen taught the Welsh language?

At School (Primary & Secondary)

What schools did you attend?What language/s did you usually hear spoken at school?What language did you speak?

Did you have any opportunity to speak or learn Welsh at school? (ifnot, do you now wish you had?)

How did you feel about:Your Welsh lessons? (if applicable)Your English lessons?Welsh history lessons? (if applicable)

If you went to school in Australia how did your V/elsh origins affectyour school life?

Did you feel there were any advantages/disadvantages in beingbilingual? (if you were)

666

What were the attitudes of your teachers towards the Welshlanguage and culture? Did they know of them?

Do you think you had a 'good' education?

Write about your parents' attitude to your school life and education(in Wales or in Australia).

What influence did the Australian school (if applicable) have onyour Welsh ethnic identity? What aspects of your identity, have youlost, and/or retained?

Church/Chapel

How important was the chapel in your life?

Was your religion a part of being Welsh?

Have you encouraged your children to attend church or chapel?

You may write also about your social life and about any culturalactivities you have taken part in such as the Eisteddfod, NosonLawen etc.

Adult Life

Write about your decision to come to Australia.

How much has the experience of coming here changed you?

Do you feel 'Welsh' here?

How do Australians regard you? Are they aware of your ethnicidentity?

To what extent are you an Australian?

What do you tell your Australian friends about Wales? (or yourWelsh friends about Australia?)

Are your children growing up Welsh or Australian or both? Howdo you feel about this?

Have you ever thought about returning to Wales?

Write about your circle of friends over here? Are there any \ü/elsh

people amongst them?

667

Do you keep in touch with friends and/or relatives in Wales?

Do you belong to any Welsh societies over here?

In your opinion should the Welsh marry within their own group?

What future do you think the rWelsh language and/or V/elsh culturehave in Australia?

668

CYNLLYN (awgrymiadol yn unig)

il

Rhai proftdau cynnar

(i) iaith y carrref?

(iÐ iaithy gymdeithas y'ch magwyd ynddi?

(iiÐ ystyr Cymreictod i chi fel plentyn?

Eich dyddiau ysgol

(i) iaith yr ysgolT (yn y dosbarth a'r maes chwarae).

(iÐ eich profiad o ddysgu Saesneg.

(iii) eich profiad o ddYsgu CYmraeg.

Yn y Capel

(i) pa mor bwysig oedd y capel yn eich bywyd?

(ii) o oedd (yw) crefyddyn ran hanfodol o'r bywyd CJtmreig?

Eich bywyd cymdeithasol (gyda phwyslais ar eich profiadau fel Cymro)yn Awstralia

ilI

N

rhesym.au dros ddod

eich profiadau cynnar e.e. - yn yr ysgol- yn y gwaith

a yw' n bosib (neu' n angenrheidiol?)bod yn C)mro neu Gymraes yma yn Awstralia?

ayw'n bosib cadw'r diwylliant Cymreig yn lyw yma?o oes angen?

iaithy ry?

eich agwedd tuag at ddysgu Cymraeg ac atdrosglwyddo'r diwylliant Clmreig i'r plant?

a fuasech yn gyrru'r plant i ddysgu Cymraegpe bae modd? fer enghraffi i Ysgol Ethnigolar ddydd Sadwrnl

a

a

o

a

a

669

a beth yw agwedd yr Awstraliaid tuag atoch felCymro neu Gymraes? A ydynt yn gwahaniaethurhyngoch chi ar gweddill o ymfudwyr Prydeinig.

eich agwedd chi tuag at Awstralia a'r Awstraliaid?

a yw'r plant yn ymwybodol o gwbl o'u gwreiddiauCymreig? Pa mor bwysig yw hyn?

eich ffiindiau yma? (a oes Cymry yn eu mysg?)

a ydych yn aelod o unrhyw gymdeithas neu glwbCymreig?

mant ei s i o n / anfant eision byw y n Aw st ralia ?

a ydych yn hapus yma?

Ia ddylair Cymry wneud ymdrech i briodicyd-Gymry yn Awstralia?

beth yn eich barn chwi yw dyfodol yr iaith a'rdiwylliant Cymraeg yn Awstralia?

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BIBLIOGRAPITY

672

BIBLIOGRAPI{Y

This is a select Bibliography of the sources referred to in the text and isarranged under the following headings:

(a) OFFICIAL PUBLICATIONS AND REPORTS

(b) MANUSCRIPTS AND RARE BOOKS

(c) NEV/SPAPERS AND PERIODICALS

(d) JOURNALS

(e) UNPUBLISHED THESES

(Ð PAMPHLETS

(g) woRKS OF REFERENCE

(h) BooKS

(a) Official Publications and Reports (in chronological order)

WALES

Report of the Central Advisory Council for Education (Wales). The Future ofSecondary Education in Wales. HMSO, L949.

Language Survey. 1061. Report of the Welsh Joint Education Committee, 1961.

Report of the Central Advisory Council for Education (Wales) Primary Educationin Wales. HMSO, 1967.

Statistics of Education in Wales. Cardiff : HMSO, 1980

Y Gymraeg Yn Ysgolion Uwchradd Cymru (Welsh in the Secondary Schools ofWales) Welsh Office, HMSO, 1980.

AUSTRALIA

Census of the Colony of New South'Wales. 1861. (Nationality of the People)

Victoria. Census 1861, Table II

Victoria. Census 1871, Table IV, Table XIV

673

South Australia, Census 1881, Table II

New South Wales. Census 18a1, Table IX

Australia. Statisticians' Report, lql1, Chapter IV

The Departure of Settlers from Australia. Final Report of the Committee on Social

Patterns of the Immigration Advisory Council, October L967.

Committee on Community Relations. Final Report, 1975.

Bureau of Statistics. Census of the Population and Housing. 1o76. (Canberra :

AGPS, T976.

Department of Education.Languages in Schools. Canberra : AGPS, 1976.

National Library of Australia. Guide to the Collections,Yol'Z, 1977

Report and

Appendices, Vols. I &'2. Canberra: AGPS, 1978

Australian Institute of Multicultural Affairs. Review of Multicultural and MigrantEducation, 1980.

Citizenship and Cultural ldentity. Report Prepared for the Department ofImmigration and Ethnic Affairs. La Trobe University, September, 1981'

Australian Council on Population and Ethnic Affairs. Multiculturalism for all

Australians : Our Developing Nationhood. Canberra : AGPS, 1982'

ustralian Tmmigrants. Consolidated Statistics No. 13. 1a82. Canberra : AGPS :

1984

South Australian Ministerial Task Force to Investigate Multiculturalism and

Education. Education for a Cultural Democracy. Adelaide: South Australian

Government Printers, 1984.

Australian Bureau of statistics. census of the Population and Housing, 1986

canberra : AGPS, 1986. Census Microfiche c86.501, CX003 (1986) (Summary

by Charles A. Price)

Tmmigration : Commitment to Australia. The Report of the Committee to

Advise on Australia's Immigration Policies. Canberra : AGPS, 1988.

Bureau of Immigration Research. Australian CitizenshiF : Statistical Report No. 1-

1900. Canberra : AGPS, 1990

674

Bureau of Immigration Research. Community Profiles. U.K. and Ireland Born.Canberra : AGPS, 1990.

The Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Education. TheNational Policy on Languages. December. 1987 - March, 19q0. Report to theMinister for Employment and Training. Canberra : The AACLAME Secretariat,May 1990.

Bureau of Immigration Research. Birthplace, Language. Religion 1971086, Yol.2,Canberra : AGPS, l99L

Australian Bureau of Statistics. Census of the Population ar,td Housing. 1991

(b) Manuscripts, Rare Books and/or Nineteenth Century Published Works

WALES

National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth

NLV/NLWNLWNLWNLV/

EX 502FACS 449FACS 374FACS 369FACS 438

NLW Mss 20591. Stephens, J. Oliver "Ymysg Cyrnry Awstralia"

D. Rhys Phillips Collection, C1100. H.W. Ely to D.R. Phillips, 22 December't897.

MS Dept Box 499, 1-1599

MS 22lO3B Autobiography of Robert Thomas, sailed from Liverpool, 20thSeptember 1852 (written 186213)

MS 21555C Letters 1874-6 to the Reverend W.M. Evans, Minister of the WelshChurch, La Trobe Street, Melbourne relating to Yr Ymwelydd the monthlynewspaper for V/elshmen in Australia and New Zealand and a photocopy of a letter1863 from Gaynor Edwards to her son in Australia.

Williams, H. Robinson Cruesoe Cymreig sef Hanes Mordaith I Australia.

Dychweliad Crefyddol Yr Awdur Caernarfon : J. Williams, 1856.

Williams, J. Awstralia A'r Cloddfeydd Aur. Denbigh : Thomas Gee, 1852

Library of the University College of Nonh Wales, Bangor

675

MSS 11915-11925Letter of the Reverend J.R. Digance, Archivist, CongregationalUnion of South Australia to E. Gwynne Jones, Librarian, University College ofNorth Wales, Bangor, 251111955.

Hughes, J. Australia Revisited in 1890. Bangor : Nixon and Jarvis, 1891

Pierce, Ellis. (Ellis O'r Nant). Yr Ymfudwr Cymreig Blaenau Ffestiniog : Jones

and Roberts, 1883 (Rare Book, AWI/OAK)

Roberts, J. Herbert. A World Tour Being A Year's Diary Written 1884-5Printed for private circulation, n.d.

Gvvy nedd Archives, Caernarfon

XMl262l24 Journal of Emigrànt Voyage to Australia by Edward Roberts ofPanthafodlas, Caernarfonshire.

AUSTRALIA

National Library of Ausffalia, Canberra

MS 2452. Correspondence between Robert Lewis, Ballarat and Philip V/illiams ofWales, 1854-84.

MS 3007. The Origin of the Welsh Church in Sydney, New South Wales

MS 6781. The Maldwyn Rees Collection.

The Evan Thomas Collection N301/4534291892

The State Library of New South Wales (the Mitchell)

Ap Huw Feddyg, D. ap G,, Gwlad Yr Aur Neu Gydymaith Yr Ymfudwr Cymreigi Awstralia. Caernarfon : H. Humphreys, 1852.

The State Library of Victoria

Evans, G.D. 187l-1971 One Hundred Years of Fellowship : The History of the

First Century of the Melbourne Welsh Church (typescript)

Newcastle Public Library, New South Wales

AB 4303-8 A Brief History of the Merewether Church (manuscript).

AB 4304-6 Minute Books of the Newcastle and Hunter Valley District CambrianSociety 1908-1964.

676

Public Record Office of South Australia

Notes on Statistical Sources for Emigration to South Australia 161311954

Research Notes No, 482.

SRG 290 History of the Cambrian Society of South Australia.

(c) Newspapers, Newsletters and Periodicals

WALES

Y Blwyddiadur, 1959

Carnarvon and Denbigh Herald, 1846-

Y Cvmro. 1960-

. Y Dysgedydd,1877.

Yr Enfys, 1960-

Y Faner, 194+-

AUSTRALIA

The Age, March 31st, 1985.

The Argus, December 1lth, 1852.

Yr Awstralydd, July 1866-September 1872'

The Ballarat Star, February 26th, 1857. March 13th, 1857.

The Bulletin, February 18th, 1986.

Carmelight, Newsletter of the V/elsh Church, La Trobe Street, March 1962-

September , 1963.

Celtic Connections, Newsletter of the Cettic Studies Foundation, 1990-

The Chimes, The Fortnightly Messenger of the United Congregational Church ofNewcastle and District, L902-4.

Y Ddolen, Newsletter of the Welsh Church, Sydney, August, 1965.

Llais, Cylchgrawn Y Gymdeithas Gymreig Sydney (Newsletter of the WelshSociety, Sydney), January, 1969.

6

Llythyr Newlrddion, Newsletter of the Association of Welsh Societies, VolNo.3, June 1935. Vol.I, No.4, July 1936.

The Miner's Advocate, January 10th, 1874

Newcastle Morning Herald, May 26th, 1979.

Queensland Times, November 26th, 1975.

Sglodion, Newsletter of the Welsh Church, La Trobe Street, Melbourne, March1962-September, 1963.

The Sunday Mail (Brisbane) Colour Magazine August 24th, 1969 '

S)¡dne)¡ Morning Herald, January 7th, 1993.November 29th, 1993.

The Times Higher Education Supplement, October 16th, 1987.

Wallaroo Times and Mining Journal, July 19th, 1865.

The Welsh-Australian, August 17th, 1935 - January 1942.

Yr Ymwelydd, October 1874 - December 1876.

OTHER

The Economist, March 29th, 1969.

New Statesman, August 7th, 1987.

Ninnau, Papur Bro Gogledd America (The North American Welsh Newspaper)1988-

The V/eekly Telegraph, Issue No.83, February 10th-16th

(d) Journals

General and/or authors not named

Y Beirniad, Volume XIV (Octobet,1872), pp.146-158Volume XIV (April, 1873), pp.338-347

Cambrian (Journal of the Cambrian Society of Victoria), Vol'1, No'1 (November1938), one issue only.

The Cambrian: Official Journal of the Cambrian Society of Victoria, t939-

678

Vol.7, No.6 (March, 1887)

Y Dr]¡sorfa, No CXVII, Book 10 (September, 1856), pp.322-3.

The Newcastle and Hunter District Historical Society, Bulletin 43 (September,t976), pp.49-54.

Transactions of the Caernarfonshire Historical Societ)¡, Yol'24 (1963)'

Journal Articles

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Bettoni, C. "Maintaining and Developing Italian in Australia". Vox. The Journal

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Bourhis, R.Y., Giles H., and Lambert, W.E. "Social Consequences ofAccommodating One's Style of Speech", International Journal of the Sociology ofLanguage, No.6 (1975), PP.55-72.

Bourhis, R.Y., Giles H. and Tajfel, H. "Language as a Determinant of WelshIdenrity " . European Journal of Social Psychology , 3(4) (1973), pp.447 -60.

Bowen, E.G. "Vy'elsh Emigration Overseas". The Advancement of Science,

Vol.XV[, No.67 (September, 1960), pp'260-7I.

Brand, J. "National Consciousness and Voting in Scotland". Ethnic and Racial

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Broom, L. and Jones, F.L. "Career Mobility in Three Societies, Australia, Italyand the United States". American Sociological Review, Vol.34 (October, 1969),

pp.650-58.

Burnley, I.H. "British Immigration and Settlement in Australian Cities, I947-7I''International Migration Review, Vol'12 (Fall 1978), pp.341-58.

Clyne, M. and Jaehrling S. "Trends and Factors in Language Shift in Australia"

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679

Crowley, F.K. "The British Contribution to the Australian Population : 1860-1919". University Studies in Hístory and Economics (July 1954), pp.55-83.

Davies, A.T. "Saunders Lewis, A Television Interview". Planet. The WelshInternationalist, 53 (October-November, 1985), pp.3-12-

Davies, G. "Cambria, V/isconsin in 1898". The Transactions of the HonourableSociet)¡ of Cymmroddrion, (Session 1957), pp'128-159.

Dodson, C.J. and Jones, R.G. "A Welsh-Medium TV Channel for Wales :

Development, Controversies, Problems, Implications". International Journal of the

Sociology of Language, 48 (1984), pp.lI-32'

Dorian, N.C. "Language Shift in Community and Individual". InternationalJournal of the Sociology of Language, 25 (1980), pp.85-94.

Edwards, J. and Chisholm, J. "Language, Multiculturalism and Identity : ACanadian Study." Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, Vol.8,No.5 (1987), pp.391-408.

Ellis, D.M. "The Welsh in Oneida County in New York State", Transactions ofthe Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, (Session 1961, Part 1)

"The Assimilation of the V/elsh in Central New York". The Welsh Histor]¡Review, Vol.6, No. 4 (December 1973), pp'LL5-124'

Evans, G. "Lessons for the Language :The Way We Were". Radical Wales,

No.9, (Winter 1985), p,13.

Fishman, J.A. "Language Maintenance and Language Shift : The AmericanImmigrant Case Within a General Theoretical Perspective". Sociologist, Vol.16,No.1 (1966), pp.19-39.

"Prospects for Reversing Language Shift (RLS) in Australia : Evidencefrom its Aboriginal and Immigrant Languages". Vox : The Journal of the

Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Education,Issue No.6, 1992, pp.48-62.

Gwenllian, S. "Thinking of Bangor? Letter to an English Sixth Former." Planet.

The Welsh Internationalist, No. 49-50 (January, 1980), pp.5-11'

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Hansen, M.L. "The Third Generation in America". Commentary, 14 (1952),

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680

Humphreys, E. "The Night of the Fire". Planet. The Welsh Internationalist, No49-50 (January 1980), pp.74-94.

Jayasuria, D.L.(1984), pp.42-3

"Multiculturalism, Ethnicity and Equality". Education News, 18

Jenkins, G.H. "Modern Wales". History Today, Vol.37 (February, 1987),pp.49-53.

Jones, E. Gwynne. "Annibynwyr Cymraeg Awstralia". Y Cofiadur : CylchgrawnCymdeithas Hanes Annibynwyr Cymraeg, No. 26, (March 1956), pp.3-40'

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