QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 1

What’s Wrong With This What’s Wrong With This Picture?Picture?

(and sound)(and sound)Common Problems with Program MastersCommon Problems with Program MastersTim Mangini - FRONTLINETim Mangini - FRONTLINE

Jim Kutzner - PBSJim Kutzner - PBS

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 2

PerceptionPerception Tech Eval as FundraiserTech Eval as Fundraiser Focused on minutiaeFocused on minutiae They’re out to get meThey’re out to get me I don’t have time or money for thisI don’t have time or money for this

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 3

RealityReality Same goals - Optimum viewer experienceSame goals - Optimum viewer experience Collaborative not PunitiveCollaborative not Punitive Good investment of resourcesGood investment of resources

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 4

PBS Most Busted:PBS Most Busted: Macro-Blocking/PixilationMacro-Blocking/Pixilation GamutGamut Aspect RatioAspect Ratio Drop Frame Time-CodeDrop Frame Time-Code Audio PhaseAudio Phase Synthesized/Fake StereoSynthesized/Fake Stereo LoudnessLoudness Audio Dropouts/Hits Audio Dropouts/Hits Adjacent Audio Track SyncAdjacent Audio Track Sync Lip SyncLip Sync

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 5

Macro-Blocking & Macro-Blocking & PixelationPixelation

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 6

GamutGamut

Uncorrected imageUncorrected image

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 7

GamutGamut

Color corrected imageColor corrected imageHard limited imageHard limited image

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 8

Aspect RatioAspect Ratio

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 9

Aspect RatioAspect Ratio

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 10

Non-Drop Frame Non-Drop Frame Time-CodeTime-Code NDF program is 3;12 too longNDF program is 3;12 too long You or PBS will need to make a cutYou or PBS will need to make a cut Always Master in Drop FrameAlways Master in Drop Frame

Doesn’t matter whether you shoot on DF or NDFDoesn’t matter whether you shoot on DF or NDF

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 11

Audio PhaseAudio Phase

Normal Stereo PhaseNormal Stereo Phase

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 12

Audio PhaseAudio Phase

180° Out of Phase180° Out of Phase

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 13

Synthesized/Fake Synthesized/Fake StereoStereo

6 ms left/right offset6 ms left/right offset

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 14

Synthesized/Fake Synthesized/Fake StereoStereo

Synth Stereo Folded to MonoSynth Stereo Folded to Mono

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 15

Loudness/Dial NormLoudness/Dial Norm

Audio starts lowAudio starts low

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 16

Loudness/Dial NormLoudness/Dial Norm

Audio gets progressively louder to meet specAudio gets progressively louder to meet spec

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 17

Loudness/Adjacent Loudness/Adjacent ContainersContainers

Program clip meets Dial-Norm specProgram clip meets Dial-Norm spec

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 18

Loudness/Adjacent Loudness/Adjacent ContainersContainers

Adjacent promo is too loudAdjacent promo is too loud

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 19

Audio Dropouts and HitsAudio Dropouts and Hits Momentary dropouts can easily be missed Momentary dropouts can easily be missed

without good monitoringwithout good monitoring Clicks and pops can be caused by word clock Clicks and pops can be caused by word clock

errors or cut points on NLE’serrors or cut points on NLE’s

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 20

Adjacent Audio Track SyncAdjacent Audio Track Sync DVS/SAP/Mono tracksDVS/SAP/Mono tracks 5.1 should have only Narration and dialogue in 5.1 should have only Narration and dialogue in

the center channelthe center channel

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 21

Lip SyncLip Sync 2 Frames variance is tolerable2 Frames variance is tolerable Broadcast distribution chain may induce sync Broadcast distribution chain may induce sync

errors (MPEG2)errors (MPEG2)

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 22

Sync DriftSync Drift Ingest via Firewire unreliableIngest via Firewire unreliable

Use RS422Use RS422

Longer clips susceptibleLonger clips susceptibleBreak up on ingest if possibleBreak up on ingest if possibleSome cameras are culpritsSome cameras are culprits

Incompatibility with mixIncompatibility with mixAdd head and tail pops before splitting sequenceAdd head and tail pops before splitting sequence

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 23

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

Long-Term Loudness

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

Loudness (with speech) Long-Term Loudness

Loudness managementLoudness management

Program has -21.4 LKFS Long-term Loudness

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

Loudness (with speech) Loudness (without speech) Long-Term Loudness

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 24

Loudness managementLoudness management

Segment has -18.8 LKFS Long-term Loudness

-35

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

Loudness (with speech) Loudness (without speech) Long-Term Loudness

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 25

Sync ToolSync Tool

www.syncheck.com

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 26

Analysis toolsAnalysis tools

www.tek.com www.broadcast.harris.com

Videotek VTM seriesTektronix WVR series

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 27

Audio analysis toolsAudio analysis tools

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 28

Audio analysis toolsAudio analysis tools

www.dolby.com

Dolby LM100

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 29

Audio analysis toolsAudio analysis tools

WWW.QUALISAUDIO.COM

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 30

TakeawaysTakeaways Plan $$$ and time for tech eval Tools - tailor your plant to be able to meet spec Know the specs yourself Don’t just put it through a legalizer Our responsibility to get it right Pay me now or pay me later Keep your project alive

QG WGBH Public Television Quality Workshop 31

DiscussionDiscussion

QG@pbs.orgpbsconnect.org/qualitygrouporg/qualitygroup