PW1 Paper Writing3

7/29/2019 PW1 Paper Writing3

1/43

Review of Paragraph Types

Descriptive: My fantasy roomNarrative: A night of violenceExpositoryA process essay: e.g. successful exerciseAn example essay: Everyday crueltyA cause and effect essay:A necessary decisionA comparing and contrasting essay: Second marriageA defining essay: Football fansA dividing and classifying essay: Mall People

Argumentative: A vote against computersTeenagers and Jobs


2/43

Review of Essay Types

Descriptive: My fantasy roomNarrative: A night of violenceExpositoryA process essay: e.g. successful exerciseAn example essay: Everyday crueltyA cause and effect essay:A necessary decisionA comparing and contrasting essay: Second marriageA defining essay: Football fansA dividing and classifying essay: Mall People

Argumentative: A vote against computersTeenagers and Jobs


3/43

Writing a research Paper

What is it?

A research paper presents and argues athesis, the writers proposition or opinionsynthesizing opinions of other people

It is an analytical and persuasive paper thatevaluate a position.

As a result, it requires the writer to becreative in using facts, details, examples, andopinions of other people to support a point.


4/43

a research Paper

The writer has to be original and inventive indeciding which facts best support the thesisand which ones are superfluous.

When you write a research paper, you haveto read what authorities have written, andwrite a longer composition in which you drawyour own conclusion about the topic.

Since your thesis is fresh and original, youcannot merely summarize what someone elsehas written.


5/43

a research Paper vs a term paper

Instead, you have to synthesizeinformation from many different

sources to create something that is yourown.

A term paper, in contrast, is a collection

of facts. It does not argue a point. Itdoes not persuade readers to think oract in a certain way.


6/43

A term paper

Since it is a summary of informationfrom one or more sources, you are

merely reporting what others have said.Government workers are often asked toprepare term papers with information

on the weather, transportation,economics, etc.


7/43

Good qualities of a researchpaper

1. A clear thesis statement.2. Strong understanding of the topic and

sources used.

3. Evidence that the writer has read widely onthe topic including the recognizedauthorities in the field.

4. Acknowledges the opposition but shows

why the point being argued is more valid.5. The points are organized in a clear and

logical way.


8/43

Differences

Research papers

1. Argue a point.

2. Formulate a thesis.3. Argumentative/

persuasive

4. Evaluate5. Consider why andhow

Term papers

1. Present data.

2. Report what otherssaid.

3. Expository/descriptive

4. Summarizes

5. Consider what


9/43

Examples: Topic is Baseball

There should beinterleague

matches.There should not beinterleaguematches.

The history ofBaseball

The advantages ofplaying baseball

The disadvantagesof playing baseball


10/43

Examples: Topic is Testing

Standardized testsare an accurate

measure of successin college.

Standardized testsare not an accurate

measure of successin college.

Different types ofstandardized tests

The strong points ofstandardized tests

The weak points ofstandardized tests


11/43

Examples: Topic is School

Year round schoolwill raise students

achievement.Year round schoolwill not raisestudents

achievement.

A survey of topicstaught in secondary

school.The types ofstudents enteringthe secondary

schools in Jakarta


12/43

Examples: Topic is Thomas Hardy

Thomas Hardy is thegreatest English

novelist of his era.Thomas Hardy is notthe greatest Englishnovelist of his era.

The chronology ofThomas Hardys life

and writingThe maincharacteristics ofThomas Hardys

novels


13/43

source

Rozakis, Lauria.Schaums Quick Guide

to Writing Great Research Papers.

New York: McGraw Hill, 1999.


14/43

Steps to write a research paper

Select a topic that you can readilyresearch

Limit your topicGather information on your limited topic

Plan your paper

Write the PaperUse an acceptable format and methodof documentation


15/43


16/43


17/43

Limit your topic

Parenting Successful Families:Fighting for their kids

Books: Moral and Ethical Considerations of Parenting,Stepparenting, Parents and Discipline, Parenting and AdolescentGirls, How Parents Can Protect Their Kids From Violence,Parents Questions About Teenagers Development

Articles: How parents can limit the impact ofTV on kids,Keeping the lines of communication open between parents andteenagers, How much influence parents can have on kids,Secret to raising a successful teen


18/43

Purpose of your paper

Do quite a bit of reading as you work outthe limited focus of your paper.

Two general purposes:1. Make and defend a point: e.g. to provide

evidence that gambling should be legalized.

2. Simply present information about a

particular subject:e.g. describes the latestscientific findings about what happens when wedream.


19/43


20/43


21/43


22/43


23/43


24/43


25/43


26/43

5. Write the Paper

Using the note cards, make a final outline(topic or sentence outline)

A topic outline

thesis + words andphrases (see 1993:284; 2005:387-388)

A sentence outline thesis +all supportingideas are written in full sentences

Strive for four bases for effective writing (see1993:119; 2005:136-145)

f ff i


27/43

Four Bases for effectivewriting

1. Unity

2. Support3. Coherence

4. Sentence skills


28/43


29/43

2. Support

At least three separate supportingpoints for the thesis statement

Specific evidence for each of thethree supporting points

Plenty of specific evidence for eachsupporting point


30/43


31/43

4. Sentence skills

Fragments eliminated

Run-ons eliminated

Correct verb formsSubject and verb agreement

Faulty parallelism & modifiers eliminated

Faulty pronouns eliminatedCapital letters used correctly

Punctuation marks( / /,/:/;/--/ -/ ()/


32/43

Sentence skills

Correct paper format

Needless words eliminated

Correct word choices

Spelling errors checked

Careless errors eliminated trough

proofreading

Sentenced varied


33/43


34/43


35/43


36/43


37/43

4.Missing-subject fragments

Alice loved getting weddingpresent. But hated writing thank-

you notes.Mickey has orange soda and potatochips for breakfast. Then eats more

junk food, like root beer andcookies, for lunch.


38/43

Run-ons

It is a two complete thought that arerun together with no adequate sign

given to mark the break between them.Tim told everyone in the room to bequiet his favorite show was on.

Tim told everyone in the room to bequiet, his favorite show was on

6 bl f d


39/43

6. Use an acceptable format andmethod of documentation

See pp. 283-293.

The title should be centered and about one-third down the page

Your name, the title of the course,instructors name and date should be doubledspaced and centered

Outline with the thesis and plan ofdevelopment and details in a hierarchicalorder


40/43

Documentation of sources

A simplified one used by the ModernLanguage Association (MLA), a bitdifferent from the APA (AmericanPsychological Association) style

1. Citation within a paper: Name ofAuthor and page #

There is, at present, no centralized statesAngela Browne Miller (4).

There is, at present, no centralized (Miller 4)


41/43


42/43

Documentation of sources

Model Entries for a list of works cited, see pp.280-282.

From Websites

Name of Website. Title of article.http://www.findarticles.com/toefl.html.Retrieved July 2005

Name of author. Title of article.http://www.findarticles.com/toefl.html.Retrieved July 2005
http://www.findarticles.com/toefl.htmlhttp://www.findarticles.com/toefl.htmlhttp://www.findarticles.com/toefl.htmlhttp://www.findarticles.com/toefl.html


43/43

Documents

PW1 Paper Writing3