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PURIFYING COPPER METALPURIFYING COPPER METAL
• This shows how very pure copper is This shows how very pure copper is produced from crude copper metal.produced from crude copper metal.
• It needs to be very pure for things It needs to be very pure for things like ELECTRICAL WIRES so that like ELECTRICAL WIRES so that
they conduct very well.they conduct very well.
We use electrolysis to move the copper from an impure We use electrolysis to move the copper from an impure lump to a piece of pure copper.lump to a piece of pure copper.
THROUGH THE SOLUTIONTHROUGH THE SOLUTION ! !
CRUDECRUDE
CuCuPURE CuPURE Cu
++
ImpuritiesImpurities
We need a solution of Copper We need a solution of Copper ionsions
Cu Cu 2+2+
We’ll use Copper SulphateWe’ll use Copper Sulphate
Next we need a piece ofNext we need a piece of
IMPURE copperIMPURE copper
We make it the positive electrode
Then we add a thin pure copper electrode
And make it the negative electrode
--
--
--
--
With negative electrons waiting to be collectedWith negative electrons waiting to be collected
--
--
--
--
Positive copper ions in the solution move to the negative electrodePositive copper ions in the solution move to the negative electrode
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
--
--
--
--
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
--
--
--
--
They collect 2 electrons each and becomeThey collect 2 electrons each and become
Cu atoms that COAT the electrodeCu atoms that COAT the electrode
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
Cu 2+ + 2e → Cu
CuCu
At the same time Copper atoms give up 2 electrons each At the same time Copper atoms give up 2 electrons each
and enter the solution from the IMPURE copperand enter the solution from the IMPURE copper
Cu Cu 2+ + 2e
CuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCu
At the same time Copper atoms give up 2 electrons each At the same time Copper atoms give up 2 electrons each
and enter the solution from the IMPURE copperand enter the solution from the IMPURE copper
Cu → Cu 2+ + 2e
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu → Cu 2+ + 2e
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
And they then move across through the solution toAnd they then move across through the solution to
NEGATIVE ELCTRODENEGATIVE ELCTRODE
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
The impurities then fall to the bottom as the copper coats The impurities then fall to the bottom as the copper coats
NEGATIVE ELECTRODENEGATIVE ELECTRODE
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
Eventually all of the copper moves across and theEventually all of the copper moves across and the
POSITIVE electrode disappearsPOSITIVE electrode disappears
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCu
Cu Cu 2+2+
Cu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCu
CuCu
CuCuCu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCu
CuCu
CuCuCu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCu Cu 2+2+
CuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCuCuCu
CuCu
We eventually get a fat pure copper electrode as all of the copperWe eventually get a fat pure copper electrode as all of the copper
is deposited onto itis deposited onto it
We eventually get a fat pure copper electrode as all of the copperWe eventually get a fat pure copper electrode as all of the copper
is deposited onto itis deposited onto it
PurePure
CuCu
That’s all, folks!!That’s all, folks!!