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Day 07 Particles and The Modern P Table
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Mixture Pure Substance Compound Element
Types of ParticlesAtom smallest particle of an element contains protons and neutrons in the nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus
Element one type of atom neutrally charged (# protons = # neutrons)
Moleculetwo or more atoms bonded together
Compoundtwo or more different atoms bonded together
hydrogengas
Puregraphite
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Molecules or compounds? Elements?
HOFBrINCl
The Modern Periodic Table
Periodic Law The chemical and physical properties of the elements repeat in a regular, periodic pattern when they are arranged according to their atomic number.
Crash Course Chemistry #4 The Periodic Table (10min)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0RRVV4Diomg
Dmitri Mendeleev (18341907) was a Russian chemist and inventor and is known as the father of the modern periodic table. He formulated the Periodic Law and created his own version of the periodic table based on atomic number and properties of elements. He predicted the existence and properties of new elements and pointed out accepted atomic weights that were in error.
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Metals Non MetalsMetalloids
Isaacs TEACH: Introduction to the Periodic Table: Metals, NonMetals and Metalloidshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TIxiDESxc0I
Elements on the periodic table can be classified as metals, non metals and metalloids.
List some properties of each type of element in the chart below.
Elements can also be classified in periods and groups/families.
PeriodsA period is a horizontal row on the periodic table.
The number of energy levels (shells) an atom has corresponds to it's period.ex.period 2 has 2 shells
The trends in the table are largely based on the arrangement of electrons in their energy levels. Energy levels can be seen easily in BohrRutherford diagrams. Each shell has a maximum number of electrons it can hold.
1st shell can hold 2e2nd shell can hold 8e3rd shell can hold 8e4th shell can hold 2e
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Remember how to draw a BR Diagram:1) protons =atomic # (whole # on P.Table)2) neutrons = mass# - atomic#2) electrons = protons for neutral atoms4) shells fill in 2,,8,8,2 pattern and e are paired up after the first 4 spots are full
Groups/FamiliesA group (or family) is a column in the periodic table.
Members of the same family have the same number of valence electons.
Members of the same family have similar chemical and physical properties. ex. the alkali metals are reactive.
Brainiac: The Alkali Metals (3 min)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m55kgyApYrY
Valence electrons are seen easily on Lewis dot diagrams.
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Lewis Dot Diagrams Showing Valence Electrons
Remember how to draw a Lewis structure:1) count valence electrons2) spread e around 4 sides of the element pairing up after the first 4 spots are full.
The Periodic Table Layouthttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PIFPLjGOaH8
Periodic Table Colouring Activity
1) On your periodic table label the following: (See p. 41 in text) a) Types of ElementsColour and label: metals, metalloids, and nonmetals. b) Period and Group NumbersLabel the periods (17) and groups (118)c) Valence ElectronsLabel the number of valence electrons for groups 12 and 1318 d) Types of GroupsLabel the alkali metals, alkali earth metals, halogens, and noble gasses.
2) Questions about the Periodic Table ANSWERS on p.63 check them!p. 42 # 2 find the element if given the group and periodp. 46 # 3 Do not draw look at BR Diagrams for 1st 20 elements online or in the note. What pattern do you see?#4 Look at the Lewis structures for the first 20 elements. What pattern do you see?#5 Identify number of valence electrons# 6 Lewis structuresp. 48 #4 IMPORTANT What patterns do you see across and down the table?
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3) Complete
Monday?Crash Course Chemistry #1: The Nucleus (10 min)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSyAehMdpyI
The Element Songhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zGMwSKFBpo
