Disaster Management & Disaster Management & Flood Control – Flood Control – An Initiative by An Initiative by Pune Municipal CorporationPune Municipal Corporation

A Presentation byA Presentation by Smt. Rajlakshmi BhosaleSmt. Rajlakshmi Bhosale

Mayor, PuneMayor, Pune

11 INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION

22 FLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNEFLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNE

33 CAUSE AND EFFECTCAUSE AND EFFECT

44 CURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION MEASURESCURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION MEASURES

55 FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD CONTROL & FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD CONTROL &

DISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT

CONTENTSCONTENTS

IntroductionIntroduction

““Punyanagari Punyanagari

The City of Virtuous Deeds”The City of Virtuous Deeds”

River and the City

Pune traces its origins to an agricultural settlement by the name of Pune traces its origins to an agricultural settlement by the name of Punnaka in the 8th century AD; also called Punyapur or Punyanagari, “The Punnaka in the 8th century AD; also called Punyapur or Punyanagari, “The City of Virtuous Deeds”City of Virtuous Deeds”

The city is built on the confluence of the three rivers Mutha, Mula and The city is built on the confluence of the three rivers Mutha, Mula and Pavana. These Rivers were believed to have Mythic Cleansing PowersPavana. These Rivers were believed to have Mythic Cleansing Powers

The Rivers formed the city’s lifeline and no other city in the country can The Rivers formed the city’s lifeline and no other city in the country can boast of having three Rivers running through itboast of having three Rivers running through it

KHADAKWASLA DAMKHADAKWASLA DAM LAKDI PULLAKDI PUL BUND GARDEN BRIDGEBUND GARDEN BRIDGE

ImportanceImportance

8th Largest Urban Agglomeration in India8th Largest Urban Agglomeration in India

Population – 4.7 million growing @ 6%Population – 4.7 million growing @ 6%

Cultural Capital of MaharashtraCultural Capital of Maharashtra

‘‘Oxford of the East’Oxford of the East’

‘‘Detroit of India’Detroit of India’

Rapidly Growing Economy powered by IT, Manufacturing Rapidly Growing Economy powered by IT, Manufacturing

and Servicesand Services

Twenty bridges cross the river along 27 km of lenghtTwenty bridges cross the river along 27 km of lenght

A Disaster Strikes Pune at 2:00pm on 12th July 1961 !!!

Panshet and Khadakwasla Dam Failure results in a Major Flood in the city of Pune

FLOOD SCENARIO FLOOD SCENARIO IN PUNEIN PUNE

History of Floods in PuneHistory of Floods in Pune

0.00

250.00

500.00

750.00

1000.00

1250.00

1500.00

1750.00

2000.00

2250.00

2500.00

2750.00

3000.00

3250.00

3500.00

Highest flood record3211cumecs

Panshet Dam Failure (1961)

0.00

250.00

500.00

750.00

1000.00

1250.00

1500.00

1750.00

2000.00

2250.00

2500.00

2750.00

3000.00

3250.00

3500.00

Highest flood record3211cumecs

Panshet Dam Failure (1961)

Dis

ch

arg

e i

n C

um

ec

s

Years

Flood Frequency Analysis was conducted for 1940 to 2007 of the maximum discharge data from Khadakwasla

The 1958 flood with a magnitude of 3211 cumecs is the highest flood recorded.

The mean annual peak flood is about 1165 cumecs.

Every decade had recorded one severe flood during the last six decades (1944, 1958, 1961, 1976, 1976, 1983, 1997 and 2005).

The post 1961 period shows a significant decline in the peak flood magnitudes and increase in the flood variability. This could be attributed to the increased control of dams located on the river, such as Temghar and Varasgaon that were constructed during the post-1961 period.

CAUSE AND EFFECTCAUSE AND EFFECT

CausesCauses

Reduction in Carrying Capacity of the riverReduction in Carrying Capacity of the river

Encroachment in river and tributaries (nullahs) Encroachment in river and tributaries (nullahs) draining into the riversdraining into the rivers

Disposal of Debris and solid wastes including plasticsDisposal of Debris and solid wastes including plastics

Lack of Remote Rain Gauging and Telemetric Early Lack of Remote Rain Gauging and Telemetric Early Warning System Warning System

EffectsEffects

I.I. Displacement of Families in the river banksDisplacement of Families in the river banks

II.II. Destruction of private property on the river banksDestruction of private property on the river banks

III.III. Destruction of Biodiversity on the river banksDestruction of Biodiversity on the river banks

IV.IV. Disruption of Transport and communication systemsDisruption of Transport and communication systems

V.V. Destruction of drainage and sewage systemDestruction of drainage and sewage system

VI.VI. Eroding of river banksEroding of river banks

VII.VII. Adverse effect on Public HealthAdverse effect on Public Health

Families Rehabilitated during Families Rehabilitated during FloodsFloods

Year No. of Families Affected by Floods

2004 16232005 53452006 50982007 200

Source : Slum Department, PMCSource : Slum Department, PMC

Improvement in our Disaster Management Ability has resulted Improvement in our Disaster Management Ability has resulted into a large reduction in the number of Flood Affected Families into a large reduction in the number of Flood Affected Families

CURRENT FLOOD CURRENT FLOOD PROTECTION PROTECTION MEASURESMEASURES

Disaster Management Initiative Disaster Management Initiative byby

Pune Municipal Corporation Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)(PMC)

2006 - 20072006 - 2007

PMC embarked upon preparation of a PMC embarked upon preparation of a a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan a comprehensive Disaster Management Plan

Involving all agencies of the local self Involving all agencies of the local self government law enforcing agencies, state government law enforcing agencies, state

govt and education institutesgovt and education institutes

MAY 2007 DMP WAS PROMULGATEDMAY 2007 DMP WAS PROMULGATED

Engineering Measures for Disaster Management Engineering Measures for Disaster Management by Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)by Pune Municipal Corporation (PMC)

Increase in River carrying capacity byIncrease in River carrying capacity by

Dredging of 1.50 MCM of siltDredging of 1.50 MCM of silt

Excavated Debris is reused for construction of roads Excavated Debris is reused for construction of roads

ProtectionProtection

Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall to protect 10 major Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall to protect 10 major flood prone areasflood prone areas

River flow (reduced afflux)River flow (reduced afflux)

Removal of an old Stone masonry bund Removal of an old Stone masonry bund

Removal of central section (100m long and 5 m high) of Removal of central section (100m long and 5 m high) of Bundgarden bund Bundgarden bund

Each hour

Khadakwasla Dam flows above 45000 cusec

Water level of Mulshi dam start increasing above 1980 ft

Irrigation Department Mulshi-Collector office

Public Relation officer

Flood control Department

Pune Municipal Corporation Authority

NGO, Social services Organisation etc

Media (hourly updates)

Municipal Commissioner and Police Commissioner work on

next action plan

Take ActionPMT, Road Traffic,

health dept etc

Municipal Regional Offices

Organisational Structure for Disaster ManagementOrganisational Structure for Disaster Management

Regional Offices

Officer

Identify rehabilitation places

Availability of rooms, water supply

and electricity

Co ordination with NGOs, helping groups etc

Provide Food, sanitation, medicines, drinking water

Enumeration of rehabilitated people

Role Played by Regional OfficesRole Played by Regional Offices

At present 39 Rehab Centres are available

Organisational Structure …..contdOrganisational Structure …..contd

Discharge from Discharge from KhadakwaslaKhadakwasla

Action doneAction done

1132.7 cumecs 1132.7 cumecs (40000 cusecs)(40000 cusecs)

DMP Flood AlertDMP Flood Alert

1415.9 cumecs 1415.9 cumecs (50000 cusecs) (50000 cusecs)

DMP operations DMP operations initiatedinitiated

Benchmarks for Benchmarks for Initiation of Disaster Management PlanInitiation of Disaster Management Plan

PMC Departments working PMC Departments working towards Flood Managementtowards Flood Management Fire Brigade AuthorityFire Brigade Authority

River Improvement and Garden Superintendent Department River Improvement and Garden Superintendent Department

Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal LtdPune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd

Health DepartmentHealth Department

Vehicle Department Vehicle Department

Public Relation Department Public Relation Department

Education Department Education Department

Electricity DepartmentElectricity Department

Irrigation Department Irrigation Department

Fire Brigade AuthorityFire Brigade Authority Training of experts from this department to other officer for planning & Training of experts from this department to other officer for planning &

evacuation.evacuation.

Evacuation of people and property from siteEvacuation of people and property from site

Supply of various equipment like pumps, cranes, boats etc where ever Supply of various equipment like pumps, cranes, boats etc where ever requiredrequired

Lifting of collapse articles like fallen trees etc during heavy rainsLifting of collapse articles like fallen trees etc during heavy rains

River Improvement and Garden Superintendent River Improvement and Garden Superintendent Department Department Desilting of almost 1.50 MCMDesilting of almost 1.50 MCM

Deposition of debris for construction of DP road Deposition of debris for construction of DP road

Disposal of excess debris at relevant locationDisposal of excess debris at relevant location

Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall which covers almost 10 Construction of 1.50 km of protection wall which covers almost 10 major flood prone areasmajor flood prone areas

Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Pune Maha Nagarpalika Parivahan Mahamandal Ltd.Mahamandal Ltd.

Release of public transportRelease of public transport

Make vehicles available wherever requiredMake vehicles available wherever required

Make drivers available Make drivers available

Get updates about traffic diversions and inform it to the drivers.Get updates about traffic diversions and inform it to the drivers.

Keep stock of fuel and other material required Keep stock of fuel and other material required

Health DepartmentHealth Department Make Doctors, Pharmacist, auxiliary nurse etc available.Make Doctors, Pharmacist, auxiliary nurse etc available.

Supply medicinesSupply medicines

Ambulance Ambulance

Vehicle Department Vehicle Department Make wireless vehicles, truck and drivers available Make wireless vehicles, truck and drivers available

Coordination with fire brigade authorities through these wireless Coordination with fire brigade authorities through these wireless vehiclesvehicles

Public Relation DepartmentPublic Relation Department At as a communication medium within the government and publicAt as a communication medium within the government and public

Public awarenessPublic awareness

Information to media (press, channels etc)Information to media (press, channels etc)

Education DepartmentEducation Department Make school and college available during floodsMake school and college available during floods

Make infrastructure in school available Make infrastructure in school available

Teachers and other staff also provide help in this respectTeachers and other staff also provide help in this respect

Electricity DepartmentElectricity Department As the electric supply is completely damage during floods provide As the electric supply is completely damage during floods provide

generators to evacuation teamsgenerators to evacuation teams

Provide temporary electric wiring at rehabilitation centersProvide temporary electric wiring at rehabilitation centers

Provide emergency lamps Provide emergency lamps

Irrigation DepartmentIrrigation Department Control discharge at each of the damsControl discharge at each of the dams

Supply flood update to Flood control department of PMCSupply flood update to Flood control department of PMC

FUTURE ACTION PLAN FUTURE ACTION PLAN FOR FLOOD FOR FLOOD

FORECASTING & FORECASTING & DISASTER MANAGEMENTDISASTER MANAGEMENT

Salient FeaturesSalient Features

1.1. Installation of Remote Rain Gauging, level gauging and Installation of Remote Rain Gauging, level gauging and telemetry system for early warningtelemetry system for early warning to control peak to control peak discharge from Khadakwasla to within discharge from Khadakwasla to within 50,000 Cusecs50,000 Cusecs during the rainy seasonduring the rainy season

2.2. Prevent encroachment Prevent encroachment of the river and streams by of the river and streams by declaration of Biodiversity Restoration Zones along the declaration of Biodiversity Restoration Zones along the banksbanks

3.3. Use of Gabions/Reno Mattresses on river banks for Use of Gabions/Reno Mattresses on river banks for stabilisation and allow percolation of waterstabilisation and allow percolation of water

Mapping and Delineation of the flood-prone areaMapping and Delineation of the flood-prone area by use a probability- by use a probability-based analysis wherein systematic records and historical information based analysis wherein systematic records and historical information on past flooding are used to develop a relation of probability of on past flooding are used to develop a relation of probability of occurrence versus magnitude.occurrence versus magnitude.

Designation of Floodway (River Channel) and High Flood Level Components

High Flood Level

Floodway

Development Zone

Submersible ZoneDevelopment Zone

Submer

sible

Zone

Comprehensive Non Structural Flood Management System Comprehensive Non Structural Flood Management System

The proposed system can be divided into three important sub The proposed system can be divided into three important sub systems viz.systems viz.

Telemetry SystemTelemetry System

Management Information SystemManagement Information System

Decision Support SystemDecision Support System

Telemetry System Telemetry System gathers hydrological and meteorological datagathers hydrological and meteorological data such as such as

Rain fall data from rain-gauge stations in the catchmentRain fall data from rain-gauge stations in the catchment

Water level data from river gauge stationsWater level data from river gauge stations

Reservoir level data from level sensors installed at the reservoirsReservoir level data from level sensors installed at the reservoirs

Data is gathered without any human interventionData is gathered without any human intervention

Collected data is then presented to the Collected data is then presented to the Management Information Management Information System and the Decision Support SystemSystem and the Decision Support System

Based on the received data and the pre-fed Based on the received data and the pre-fed conditions/parameters/rules the system computes information conditions/parameters/rules the system computes information required for controlling discharge of waterrequired for controlling discharge of water

Our experience of PMC has shown that Our experience of PMC has shown that

initiative by the local self governing body can initiative by the local self governing body can

control & reduce the magnitude of disaster and control & reduce the magnitude of disaster and

effectively manage a disastereffectively manage a disaster

ConclusionsConclusions